Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.10
Sangeet Ranguwal
Beekeeping is an age old tradition in India and is considered a no investment profit giving venture which can be practiced by all sections of the society. India with 133.2 thousand MT of production is 6 th largest producer of honey with 3.74 per cent share in the world. The country is privileged with highest number of beehives (12.2 million) and is home to four of the seven known bee species. India also ranks 9 th in export of honey. Around 50 per cent of the honey produced is consumed domestically and exports being dependent on one main market i.e. the United States (80%). Punjab is the leading state in the country in apiculture producing 18500 MT (13.89%) of honey from 4.0 lakh colonies and is exporting about 13,296 MT (1.91%) honey. The state has the potential to support even 10 lakh colonies that can be increased within next 4 to 5 years to achieve production of 45,000 MT with increased honey yield leading to increased net returns and profit. The major constraints faced by the honey producers include availability of technically skilled labour followed by low prices, high cost of migration, fear of theft and infrastructure. To develop an organised bee-farming sector there is a strong need to promote beekeeping as a subsidiary occupation by provision of adequate credit and subsidy on beekeeping infrastructure, establishing processing plants to give further fillip to honey exports, forming effective Breeders’ Associations, fixing raw honey purchase prices along with initiative for the insurance policy for bee hives by the Government.
{"title":"Economic Potential of Beekeeping in Punjab","authors":"Sangeet Ranguwal","doi":"10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.10","url":null,"abstract":"Beekeeping is an age old tradition in India and is considered a no investment profit giving venture which can be practiced by all sections of the society. India with 133.2 thousand MT of production is 6 th largest producer of honey with 3.74 per cent share in the world. The country is privileged with highest number of beehives (12.2 million) and is home to four of the seven known bee species. India also ranks 9 th in export of honey. Around 50 per cent of the honey produced is consumed domestically and exports being dependent on one main market i.e. the United States (80%). Punjab is the leading state in the country in apiculture producing 18500 MT (13.89%) of honey from 4.0 lakh colonies and is exporting about 13,296 MT (1.91%) honey. The state has the potential to support even 10 lakh colonies that can be increased within next 4 to 5 years to achieve production of 45,000 MT with increased honey yield leading to increased net returns and profit. The major constraints faced by the honey producers include availability of technically skilled labour followed by low prices, high cost of migration, fear of theft and infrastructure. To develop an organised bee-farming sector there is a strong need to promote beekeeping as a subsidiary occupation by provision of adequate credit and subsidy on beekeeping infrastructure, establishing processing plants to give further fillip to honey exports, forming effective Breeders’ Associations, fixing raw honey purchase prices along with initiative for the insurance policy for bee hives by the Government.","PeriodicalId":415941,"journal":{"name":"Agro-Economist","volume":"173 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.6
S. P.D
{"title":"Women Empowerment in Rural-Urban Interface of Bengaluru: An Approach through Supply Chain Management","authors":"S. P.D","doi":"10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":415941,"journal":{"name":"Agro-Economist","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.11
Neer , Somakka
Studying the socio-economic status of women goes beyond mere statistics; it has far-reaching implications for social, economic, and human development. By recognizing the barriers women face and working to remove them, societies can unlock the full potential of women, leading to more inclusive and sustainable growth. The study of the socio-economic status of women holds significant importance due to its multifaceted implications for individuals, families, communities, and societies as a whole. National Rural Livelihoods Mission in Jammu and Kashmir is reaching the poorest of poor of the rural women and has been empowering them socially and economically since 2015. The present study is focuses on the socio-economic status of 300 women involved in NRLM activities as treatment group and 120 women who are not involved in NRLM as control group. The study used Uday-Pareek Scale to reveal that 62.33% member women of NRLM belonged to middle scale and 38.66% belonged to lower scale in Jammu division whereas 82.66% belonged to middle scale and 17.33% belonged to lower scale in Kashmir division. It was found that 6.66% BPL non member women of NRLM belonged to middle scale and 83.33% belonged to middle lower scale and 10% belonged to lower scale in Jammu division whereas 45% belonged to middle scale, 38% belonged to middle lower scale and 17% belonged to lower scale in Kashmir division. The results clearly indicated that despite women being in BPL class, their socio-economic conditions have been improved significantly over the years due to their active involvement in NRLM activities as compared to those non member women of NRLM.
{"title":"Evaluating NRLM’s Role in Socio-economic Upgradation: Uday-Pareek Scale Analysis of Women in Jammu and Kashmir","authors":"Neer , Somakka","doi":"10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.11","url":null,"abstract":"Studying the socio-economic status of women goes beyond mere statistics; it has far-reaching implications for social, economic, and human development. By recognizing the barriers women face and working to remove them, societies can unlock the full potential of women, leading to more inclusive and sustainable growth. The study of the socio-economic status of women holds significant importance due to its multifaceted implications for individuals, families, communities, and societies as a whole. National Rural Livelihoods Mission in Jammu and Kashmir is reaching the poorest of poor of the rural women and has been empowering them socially and economically since 2015. The present study is focuses on the socio-economic status of 300 women involved in NRLM activities as treatment group and 120 women who are not involved in NRLM as control group. The study used Uday-Pareek Scale to reveal that 62.33% member women of NRLM belonged to middle scale and 38.66% belonged to lower scale in Jammu division whereas 82.66% belonged to middle scale and 17.33% belonged to lower scale in Kashmir division. It was found that 6.66% BPL non member women of NRLM belonged to middle scale and 83.33% belonged to middle lower scale and 10% belonged to lower scale in Jammu division whereas 45% belonged to middle scale, 38% belonged to middle lower scale and 17% belonged to lower scale in Kashmir division. The results clearly indicated that despite women being in BPL class, their socio-economic conditions have been improved significantly over the years due to their active involvement in NRLM activities as compared to those non member women of NRLM.","PeriodicalId":415941,"journal":{"name":"Agro-Economist","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.9
Shubhi , Singh
Groundnut holds immense significance for India’s economy and nutrition, particularly for tribal communities. However, lower groundnut productivity in tribal areas compared to non-tribal regions is attributed to resource constraints, inadequate agricultural techniques, and limited technical knowledge. This study investigates resource utilization efficiency in groundnut cultivation within tribal and non-tribal households in Chhattisgarh’s Jashpur district. The goal is to compare the effectiveness of land, labour, capital, and input utilization between these two groups. Data from 257 farm households, comprising 146 tribal and 111 non-tribal farms, were collected through surveys. The study analyzed input quantities, output, and costs associated with groundnut cultivation, utilizing production function and marginal value product (MVP) analyses. Results reveal significant disparities in resource efficiency between tribal and non-tribal farming households. Non-tribal areas exhibit more efficient use of all inputs except human labour, along with higher MVPs for these inputs. Production function analysis indicates positive relationships between seed, machine use, and plant protection with the outcome variable in both tribal and non-tribal areas. However, the significance of these relationships varies. The study’s models explain a moderate to high proportion of outcome variable variance, with R-squared values of 0.72 for tribal and 0.79 for non-tribal areas. MVP and marginal fixed cost (MFC) comparisons for seed, machine use, and plant protection across tribal and non-tribal settings reveal overutilization of these resources, with the former exhibiting higher values. However, human labour and fertilizer data remain inconclusive due to low usage or data limitations. Findings underscore the need to enhance resource efficiency in both contexts, suggesting optimal allocation to bolster agricultural returns. The study’s implications for policy and practice are significant. Access to resources such as land, credit, and inputs must be improved for tribal farmers, accompanied by enhanced agricultural techniques and technical know-how. Recommendations include promoting improved seed varieties, integrated pest management, machinery usage training, and the formation of farmer groups for knowledge dissemination and agricultural best practices adoption. In conclusion, bridging resource use efficiency gaps could enhance groundnut cultivation sustainability among tribal and non-tribal communities in the region.
落花生对印度的经济和营养具有重要意义，尤其是对部落社区而言。然而，与非部落地区相比，部落地区的花生生产率较低，原因在于资源限制、农业技术不足和技术知识有限。本研究调查了恰蒂斯加尔邦贾什布尔地区部落和非部落家庭花生种植的资源利用效率。目的是比较这两个群体的土地、劳动力、资本和投入的利用效率。通过调查收集了 257 个农户的数据，其中包括 146 个部落农场和 111 个非部落农场。研究利用生产函数和边际价值产品 (MVP) 分析法，分析了与花生种植相关的投入数量、产出和成本。结果显示，部落农户和非部落农户在资源效率方面存在显著差异。除人力外，非部落地区对所有投入的利用效率都更高，这些投入的边际产值也更高。生产函数分析表明，在部落和非部落地区，种子、机器使用和植物保护与结果变量之间都存在正相关关系。然而，这些关系的重要性各不相同。该研究的模型可以解释中等至高等比例的结果变量变异，部落地区的 R 方值为 0.72，非部落地区的 R 方值为 0.79。在部落和非部落环境中对种子、机器使用和植物保护的 MVP 和边际固定成本（MFC）进行比较后发现，这些资源的利用率过高，前者的价值更高。然而，由于使用率低或数据限制，人力和肥料数据仍无法得出结论。研究结果表明，有必要提高这两种情况下的资源效率，建议进行优化分配，以提高农业收益。这项研究对政策和实践具有重要意义。必须改善部落农民获得土地、信贷和投入等资源的途径，同时加强农业技术和技术诀窍。建议包括推广改良种子品种、病虫害综合治理、机械使用培训，以及组建农民团体以传播知识和采用最佳农业实践。总之，缩小资源利用效率差距可提高该地区部落和非部落社区花生种植的可持续性。
{"title":"Sustainable Groundnut Cultivation: A Comparative Study of Resource Use Efficiency in Tribal and Non-tribal Farming Communities in Jashpur, Chhattisgarh","authors":"Shubhi , Singh","doi":"10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.9","url":null,"abstract":"Groundnut holds immense significance for India’s economy and nutrition, particularly for tribal communities. However, lower groundnut productivity in tribal areas compared to non-tribal regions is attributed to resource constraints, inadequate agricultural techniques, and limited technical knowledge. This study investigates resource utilization efficiency in groundnut cultivation within tribal and non-tribal households in Chhattisgarh’s Jashpur district. The goal is to compare the effectiveness of land, labour, capital, and input utilization between these two groups. Data from 257 farm households, comprising 146 tribal and 111 non-tribal farms, were collected through surveys. The study analyzed input quantities, output, and costs associated with groundnut cultivation, utilizing production function and marginal value product (MVP) analyses. Results reveal significant disparities in resource efficiency between tribal and non-tribal farming households. Non-tribal areas exhibit more efficient use of all inputs except human labour, along with higher MVPs for these inputs. Production function analysis indicates positive relationships between seed, machine use, and plant protection with the outcome variable in both tribal and non-tribal areas. However, the significance of these relationships varies. The study’s models explain a moderate to high proportion of outcome variable variance, with R-squared values of 0.72 for tribal and 0.79 for non-tribal areas. MVP and marginal fixed cost (MFC) comparisons for seed, machine use, and plant protection across tribal and non-tribal settings reveal overutilization of these resources, with the former exhibiting higher values. However, human labour and fertilizer data remain inconclusive due to low usage or data limitations. Findings underscore the need to enhance resource efficiency in both contexts, suggesting optimal allocation to bolster agricultural returns. The study’s implications for policy and practice are significant. Access to resources such as land, credit, and inputs must be improved for tribal farmers, accompanied by enhanced agricultural techniques and technical know-how. Recommendations include promoting improved seed varieties, integrated pest management, machinery usage training, and the formation of farmer groups for knowledge dissemination and agricultural best practices adoption. In conclusion, bridging resource use efficiency gaps could enhance groundnut cultivation sustainability among tribal and non-tribal communities in the region.","PeriodicalId":415941,"journal":{"name":"Agro-Economist","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.2
Shubham Kumar , Thakur
This research delves into the economic dynamics surrounding the cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) within the Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh, India. Employing a meticulous multistage random sampling approach, respondents were carefully selected for data collection. This region enjoys a climatic advantage conducive to the growth of diverse MAPs. The study scrutinizes the cost and return structure specific to Aloe vera cultivation. Operational costs encompass a gamut of expenses, including labor, materials, seeds, fertilizers, and machinery, while overhead costs encompass fixed capital expenses such as land rental, depreciation, and interest. Notably, Aloe vera yielded 257.32 qtl/ha in small farms, 291.73 qtl/ha in medium-sized ones, and 294.17 qtl/ha in larger farms. The overall gross returns were calculated at ` 140,536.67 per hectare, with medium-sized farms reaping the highest net returns at ` 64,708.12 per hectare. Unpacking the operational expenses for Aloe vera cultivation, material costs emerged as the predominant component, closely followed by labor and seed expenses. The operational cost per hectare spanned from ` 53,380.64 for small farmers to ` 60,204.89 for their larger counterparts. Interestingly, overhead costs, including land revenue, depreciation, and interest, remained lower than operational costs across all farm sizes. The research demonstrates a direct correlation between MAP yield and gross returns, underlining the profitability of Aloe vera cultivation, as evidenced by a favorable benefit-cost ratio. These findings serve as a valuable compass for policymakers, farmers, and stakeholders, offering insights that can inform decisions pertaining to MAP cultivation, processing, and marketing. Ultimately, this study has the potential to enhance the economic viability of MAP production in the region.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Economic Analysis of Aloe Vera Crop Cultivation in Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh, India","authors":"Shubham Kumar , Thakur","doi":"10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.2","url":null,"abstract":"This research delves into the economic dynamics surrounding the cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) within the Bilaspur district of Chhattisgarh, India. Employing a meticulous multistage random sampling approach, respondents were carefully selected for data collection. This region enjoys a climatic advantage conducive to the growth of diverse MAPs. The study scrutinizes the cost and return structure specific to Aloe vera cultivation. Operational costs encompass a gamut of expenses, including labor, materials, seeds, fertilizers, and machinery, while overhead costs encompass fixed capital expenses such as land rental, depreciation, and interest. Notably, Aloe vera yielded 257.32 qtl/ha in small farms, 291.73 qtl/ha in medium-sized ones, and 294.17 qtl/ha in larger farms. The overall gross returns were calculated at ` 140,536.67 per hectare, with medium-sized farms reaping the highest net returns at ` 64,708.12 per hectare. Unpacking the operational expenses for Aloe vera cultivation, material costs emerged as the predominant component, closely followed by labor and seed expenses. The operational cost per hectare spanned from ` 53,380.64 for small farmers to ` 60,204.89 for their larger counterparts. Interestingly, overhead costs, including land revenue, depreciation, and interest, remained lower than operational costs across all farm sizes. The research demonstrates a direct correlation between MAP yield and gross returns, underlining the profitability of Aloe vera cultivation, as evidenced by a favorable benefit-cost ratio. These findings serve as a valuable compass for policymakers, farmers, and stakeholders, offering insights that can inform decisions pertaining to MAP cultivation, processing, and marketing. Ultimately, this study has the potential to enhance the economic viability of MAP production in the region.","PeriodicalId":415941,"journal":{"name":"Agro-Economist","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.4
Shukla, A.N.,
In flower crop production area about 60 percent of working women are involved marketing agents in the domestic trade market of flower crop in Uttar Pradesh. Lower income of both women and male retailers are difference in quantity of flower traded, profit per unit for types of flower traded, types of market and period of trading flowers. Institutional credit is the urgent need of this hour for both male and female marketing agents to make domestic trade market of flower crop more profitable for marketing agents. Some schemes need to be launched by the institutional sources including government for providing greater supply of credit to these marketing agents.
{"title":"An Exploring Scenario of Gender Earning Differential in Flower Trading Market in Peculiar Flower Growing Districts of Uttar Pradesh","authors":"Shukla, A.N.,","doi":"10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.4","url":null,"abstract":"In flower crop production area about 60 percent of working women are involved marketing agents in the domestic trade market of flower crop in Uttar Pradesh. Lower income of both women and male retailers are difference in quantity of flower traded, profit per unit for types of flower traded, types of market and period of trading flowers. Institutional credit is the urgent need of this hour for both male and female marketing agents to make domestic trade market of flower crop more profitable for marketing agents. Some schemes need to be launched by the institutional sources including government for providing greater supply of credit to these marketing agents.","PeriodicalId":415941,"journal":{"name":"Agro-Economist","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.5
Shubhi , Singh
This research paper aims to analyze and compare the income and employment structures of tribal and non-tribal households in Pathalgaon, Jashpur District of Chhattisgarh, India. The study employed a multistage random sampling technique to select the district, block, villages, and farm households. Primary data were collected through farm-level surveys, and secondary data were collected from published sources of various government and non-government organizations. The study investigates the sources of income and employment patterns in these two groups, highlighting the differences and potential factors influencing them. The data used in the analysis is derived from a comprehensive survey conducted among households from both tribal and non-tribal communities. The findings reveal distinct disparities in the income and employment structures between tribal and non-tribal households. Tribal households predominantly rely on on-farm activities such as crop cultivation and livestock farming as their primary source of income. Non-tribal households, on the other hand, exhibit a more diversified income portfolio, with significant contributions from off-farm activities, non-farm wage employment, business ventures, and government or private services. The research findings suggest the need for targeted policies and interventions to address the income and employment disparities between tribal and non-tribal households. Efforts should focus on enhancing educational opportunities, providing skill development programs, and expanding non-farm employment opportunities for tribal communities. Additionally, measures to improve land ownership and resource access for tribal households can contribute to bridging the income and employment gaps.
{"title":"Income and Employment Patterns of Tribal and Non-Tribal Households of Jashpur District: A Comparative Study","authors":"Shubhi , Singh","doi":"10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.5","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper aims to analyze and compare the income and employment structures of tribal and non-tribal households in Pathalgaon, Jashpur District of Chhattisgarh, India. The study employed a multistage random sampling technique to select the district, block, villages, and farm households. Primary data were collected through farm-level surveys, and secondary data were collected from published sources of various government and non-government organizations. The study investigates the sources of income and employment patterns in these two groups, highlighting the differences and potential factors influencing them. The data used in the analysis is derived from a comprehensive survey conducted among households from both tribal and non-tribal communities. The findings reveal distinct disparities in the income and employment structures between tribal and non-tribal households. Tribal households predominantly rely on on-farm activities such as crop cultivation and livestock farming as their primary source of income. Non-tribal households, on the other hand, exhibit a more diversified income portfolio, with significant contributions from off-farm activities, non-farm wage employment, business ventures, and government or private services. The research findings suggest the need for targeted policies and interventions to address the income and employment disparities between tribal and non-tribal households. Efforts should focus on enhancing educational opportunities, providing skill development programs, and expanding non-farm employment opportunities for tribal communities. Additionally, measures to improve land ownership and resource access for tribal households can contribute to bridging the income and employment gaps.","PeriodicalId":415941,"journal":{"name":"Agro-Economist","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.12
Aashish , Kumar
Agriculture is primary sector of the Indian economy. And it remains major challenge to achieve overall water, energy and food security in India. Solar energy is the most abundant source of energy in the world. Solar power is not only an answer to today’s energy crisis but also an environmentally friendly form of energy. The present study was undertaken for financial feasibility of solar irrigation system in Rajasthan. Sri Ganganagar district of Rajasthan was selected purposively because it secures second rank in terms of installation of solar irrigation system. The 80 sample farmer comprises of 40 solar irrigation systems and 40 diesel irrigation systems were randomly selected from the Sri Ganganagar district. The study was conducted with the objective to study the status of solar irrigation system in Rajasthan. Financial feasibility of solar irrigation system with and without subsidy and suggest the policy implementation for adoption of solar irrigation system. The collective data shows that the installation number of solar irrigation system in Rajasthan in 2020-21 is 33064. In financial feasibility we are calculated the Payback Period and B:C Ratio with and without subsidy. The Payback Period is 1.30, 1.80, 2.58 with subsidy and 3.26, 4.51, and 6.46 without subsidy for 3, 5, and 7.5 HP solar irrigation system. The B:C Ratio is 7.06, 5.49, and 4.09 with subsidy and 3.35, 2.51, or 1.80 without subsidy for 3, 5, and 7.5 HP solar irrigation system.
{"title":"Financial Feasibility of Solar Irrigation System in Sri Ganganagar District of Rajasthan","authors":"Aashish , Kumar","doi":"10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.12","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is primary sector of the Indian economy. And it remains major challenge to achieve overall water, energy and food security in India. Solar energy is the most abundant source of energy in the world. Solar power is not only an answer to today’s energy crisis but also an environmentally friendly form of energy. The present study was undertaken for financial feasibility of solar irrigation system in Rajasthan. Sri Ganganagar district of Rajasthan was selected purposively because it secures second rank in terms of installation of solar irrigation system. The 80 sample farmer comprises of 40 solar irrigation systems and 40 diesel irrigation systems were randomly selected from the Sri Ganganagar district. The study was conducted with the objective to study the status of solar irrigation system in Rajasthan. Financial feasibility of solar irrigation system with and without subsidy and suggest the policy implementation for adoption of solar irrigation system. The collective data shows that the installation number of solar irrigation system in Rajasthan in 2020-21 is 33064. In financial feasibility we are calculated the Payback Period and B:C Ratio with and without subsidy. The Payback Period is 1.30, 1.80, 2.58 with subsidy and 3.26, 4.51, and 6.46 without subsidy for 3, 5, and 7.5 HP solar irrigation system. The B:C Ratio is 7.06, 5.49, and 4.09 with subsidy and 3.35, 2.51, or 1.80 without subsidy for 3, 5, and 7.5 HP solar irrigation system.","PeriodicalId":415941,"journal":{"name":"Agro-Economist","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.13
Sonu Kumar , Mehta
The present study was undertaken for impact of alternate income sources on consumption expenditure of farmers in Jaipur district of Rajasthan. Jaipur district of Rajasthan was purposively selected based on Jaipur is the capital of Rajasthan, Jaipur has highest population. Twenty-five farmers were selected randomly in each category. Thus, a total number of selected farmers were hundred. The influence of these factors on food consumption expenditure (FCE), non-food consumption expenditure (NFCE) and total consumption expenditure (CE) across farm households was assessed using the quantile regression analysis. The results of quantile regression revealed that in study area NFA income, Income from farming, AA and NFA, family size and land holding size were the major contributing factor for 75 th CE, while for the family 50 th and 25 th CE, the AA income, Income from farming, An additional member in the family, total CE increased by ` 1648.59, ` 2189.39 and ` 2852.82 for 25 th , 50 th and 75 th quantiles, respectively.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Consumption Expenditure of Farmers in Jaipur District of Rajasthan","authors":"Sonu Kumar , Mehta","doi":"10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.13","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was undertaken for impact of alternate income sources on consumption expenditure of farmers in Jaipur district of Rajasthan. Jaipur district of Rajasthan was purposively selected based on Jaipur is the capital of Rajasthan, Jaipur has highest population. Twenty-five farmers were selected randomly in each category. Thus, a total number of selected farmers were hundred. The influence of these factors on food consumption expenditure (FCE), non-food consumption expenditure (NFCE) and total consumption expenditure (CE) across farm households was assessed using the quantile regression analysis. The results of quantile regression revealed that in study area NFA income, Income from farming, AA and NFA, family size and land holding size were the major contributing factor for 75 th CE, while for the family 50 th and 25 th CE, the AA income, Income from farming, An additional member in the family, total CE increased by ` 1648.59, ` 2189.39 and ` 2852.82 for 25 th , 50 th and 75 th quantiles, respectively.","PeriodicalId":415941,"journal":{"name":"Agro-Economist","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.8
Paramveer Singh
The study focuses on the economic feasibility of cultivating Singhi ( Heteropneustes fossilis ) in RAS farms in Haryana, India. The research involved an analysis of data collected from 14 RAS farms, encompassing both nursery and grow-out operations, with the aim of evaluating the economic feasibility of Singhi farming in RAS. The results show that the majority of farmers prefer advanced RAS systems due to their superior filtration capacity, which is attributed to the use of more advanced filtration equipment compared to low-cost RAS systems. A comparison between low-cost and advanced RAS systems revealed that while the stocking density was slightly higher in low-cost RAS, advanced RAS achieved better survival rates (77.92% vs. 70%) and similar FCRs (1.39 vs. 1.50). Additionally, the production per tank was substantially greater in the advanced RAS (1273.12 kg) than in the low-cost RAS (882 kg). Consequently, the total production per crop was higher in the advanced RAS ( ` 16,70,308) than in the low-cost RAS ( ` 16,80,000). Furthermore, the harvest size was larger in the advanced RAS (86.20 g) in contrast to the low-cost RAS (70 g). However, it’s worth noting that the study’s results revealed that the total net profit per year was higher in low-cost RAS ( ` 17,34,470) compared to the advanced RAS ( ` 13,89,032). This discrepancy can be attributed to the higher operational costs associated with the advanced RAS, including expenses related to electricity, labour, expensive filtration equipment, and maintenance. Furthermore, it is worth noting that 13 out of 14 RAS farmers favored grow-out RAS over nursery RAS, primarily because of the lower profitability associated with the latter.
{"title":"Production Cost and Productivity Analysis of Singhi (Heteropneustes fossilis) under Advance and Low Cost Recirculatory Aquaculture Systems (RAS) of Haryana","authors":"Paramveer Singh","doi":"10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30954/2394-8159.03.2023.8","url":null,"abstract":"The study focuses on the economic feasibility of cultivating Singhi ( Heteropneustes fossilis ) in RAS farms in Haryana, India. The research involved an analysis of data collected from 14 RAS farms, encompassing both nursery and grow-out operations, with the aim of evaluating the economic feasibility of Singhi farming in RAS. The results show that the majority of farmers prefer advanced RAS systems due to their superior filtration capacity, which is attributed to the use of more advanced filtration equipment compared to low-cost RAS systems. A comparison between low-cost and advanced RAS systems revealed that while the stocking density was slightly higher in low-cost RAS, advanced RAS achieved better survival rates (77.92% vs. 70%) and similar FCRs (1.39 vs. 1.50). Additionally, the production per tank was substantially greater in the advanced RAS (1273.12 kg) than in the low-cost RAS (882 kg). Consequently, the total production per crop was higher in the advanced RAS ( ` 16,70,308) than in the low-cost RAS ( ` 16,80,000). Furthermore, the harvest size was larger in the advanced RAS (86.20 g) in contrast to the low-cost RAS (70 g). However, it’s worth noting that the study’s results revealed that the total net profit per year was higher in low-cost RAS ( ` 17,34,470) compared to the advanced RAS ( ` 13,89,032). This discrepancy can be attributed to the higher operational costs associated with the advanced RAS, including expenses related to electricity, labour, expensive filtration equipment, and maintenance. Furthermore, it is worth noting that 13 out of 14 RAS farmers favored grow-out RAS over nursery RAS, primarily because of the lower profitability associated with the latter.","PeriodicalId":415941,"journal":{"name":"Agro-Economist","volume":"289 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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