Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20472/iac.2020.055.012
Diana Elena Toma
: One of the main features of an entrepreneur may be his ability to understand the economic environment as a whole, in terms of challenges, risks and opportunities that may arise in the future. The entrepreneur has an essential role in identifying innovative solutions, being in the position of accessing the opportunities offered by the economic environment, in its dynamics. Recently, progress has been made in studying and understanding the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth. However, a comprehensive understanding of the link between creativity, entrepreneurship and economic development is not enough covered the given the extent of knowledge needs in the field. Therefore, the paper treats entrepreneurship as an essential way for ensuring sustainable economic growth. Also, it pursuits to understand the basics of knowledge creation, the appropriate means of disseminating and communicating innovation and the role of the entrepreneur in this process. The paper is of current interest, given the high interest in entrepreneurship, an approach that can ensure the reduction of economic and social disparities, contributing to long-term economic development.
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Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20472/iac.2020.055.002
Oriana Abboud Armaly, M. Sharabi
: Studies on Arab society as a minority group in Israel, most often deal with the role of identity in the Arab-Israeli conflict and minority-majority relations. While the fact that Arab society in Israel is a minority ruled by a Jewish majority is of great importance, it is not the sole factor that influences and shapes processes within Arab society. As such, this study examined the intra group relations within Arab minority in Israel. Identity touches on how individuals and societies perceive themselves within conflict, and it also forms a link between the individual and society (Burke & Stets, 2009). The present study examined the conflict between the individual identity and the social identity of young Arabs, graduates of alternative education, that encouraged them to intellectually and normatively differentiate themselves from the Arab society. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 young men and women from the Arab society, Christians and Muslims, aged 18-25. The interviews were analyzed using two combined methods: content analysis and structural analysis. The findings suggest that the alternative educational experience fostered a normative intra-group conflict, and identity conflict at the individual level. Findings: a) Individual identity was constructed within Alternative education as "incubator", saturated with dialogue and critical pedagogy. b) Meeting traditional Arabic society, the young people face ideological and behavioral gaps. c) Identity conflict accrue and escalate between their individual identity and their social identity. d) The young cope with conflict using four main strategies: Verbal dialogue, "Dialogue through actions", Placation and Avoidance. Each strategy is used according to a specific component of the conflict. Apparently, constructing an identity with individualistic characteristics within traditional Arab society is accompanied by a process of socialization and loyalty to the educational experience, while accompanied by acute conflict between young Arabs and their own traditional society.
{"title":"CONSTRUCTING INDIVIDUAL IDENTITY WITHIN TRADITIONAL SOCIETY: THE CASE OF YOUNG ARABS IN ISRAEL, GRADUATES OF ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION","authors":"Oriana Abboud Armaly, M. Sharabi","doi":"10.20472/iac.2020.055.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20472/iac.2020.055.002","url":null,"abstract":": Studies on Arab society as a minority group in Israel, most often deal with the role of identity in the Arab-Israeli conflict and minority-majority relations. While the fact that Arab society in Israel is a minority ruled by a Jewish majority is of great importance, it is not the sole factor that influences and shapes processes within Arab society. As such, this study examined the intra group relations within Arab minority in Israel. Identity touches on how individuals and societies perceive themselves within conflict, and it also forms a link between the individual and society (Burke & Stets, 2009). The present study examined the conflict between the individual identity and the social identity of young Arabs, graduates of alternative education, that encouraged them to intellectually and normatively differentiate themselves from the Arab society. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 young men and women from the Arab society, Christians and Muslims, aged 18-25. The interviews were analyzed using two combined methods: content analysis and structural analysis. The findings suggest that the alternative educational experience fostered a normative intra-group conflict, and identity conflict at the individual level. Findings: a) Individual identity was constructed within Alternative education as \"incubator\", saturated with dialogue and critical pedagogy. b) Meeting traditional Arabic society, the young people face ideological and behavioral gaps. c) Identity conflict accrue and escalate between their individual identity and their social identity. d) The young cope with conflict using four main strategies: Verbal dialogue, \"Dialogue through actions\", Placation and Avoidance. Each strategy is used according to a specific component of the conflict. Apparently, constructing an identity with individualistic characteristics within traditional Arab society is accompanied by a process of socialization and loyalty to the educational experience, while accompanied by acute conflict between young Arabs and their own traditional society.","PeriodicalId":416171,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 55th International Academic Conference, Vienna","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115425447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20472/iac.2020.055.006
Gloria Gheno
The bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis methodologies were proposed in the early 60s and 70s to study the structure and the production of scientific communities. Bibliographic coupling is fundamental to understand the current state of a particular research area and its possible and potential future direction, while co-citation analysis is used to map the roots of academic works, fundamental to the development of a specific research field. With the first method, papers which have a common reference are paired and the strength of the link is given by the number of the references in common. With the second, instead, the papers co-cited by one or more documents are grouped. Both methodologies assume that papers, citing the same articles or cited from the same article, have similar aspects. Because these two methodologies have been considered separately until now, I propose a new algorithm, based on the bicluster analysis, which applies them together and I create an index to measure the similarity of the elements of the obtained clusters. Therefore, this new method groups together the bibliographically coupled papers and the co-cited references. In the obtained bicluster, the references grouped together represent the roots from which is born the trend to which the citing papers, grouped together, adhere. I apply this new method to economic papers, published between 2011 and 2020, which have "big data" among the keywords, so as to understand in a more exhaustive and rapid way how the current state and the future direction of the study of the big data are in the economic sector.
{"title":"AN NEW ALGORITHM FOR CITATION ANALYSIS","authors":"Gloria Gheno","doi":"10.20472/iac.2020.055.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20472/iac.2020.055.006","url":null,"abstract":"The bibliographic coupling and co-citation analysis methodologies were proposed in the early 60s and 70s to study the structure and the production of scientific communities. Bibliographic coupling is fundamental to understand the current state of a particular research area and its possible and potential future direction, while co-citation analysis is used to map the roots of academic works, fundamental to the development of a specific research field. With the first method, papers which have a common reference are paired and the strength of the link is given by the number of the references in common. With the second, instead, the papers co-cited by one or more documents are grouped. Both methodologies assume that papers, citing the same articles or cited from the same article, have similar aspects. Because these two methodologies have been considered separately until now, I propose a new algorithm, based on the bicluster analysis, which applies them together and I create an index to measure the similarity of the elements of the obtained clusters. Therefore, this new method groups together the bibliographically coupled papers and the co-cited references. In the obtained bicluster, the references grouped together represent the roots from which is born the trend to which the citing papers, grouped together, adhere. I apply this new method to economic papers, published between 2011 and 2020, which have \"big data\" among the keywords, so as to understand in a more exhaustive and rapid way how the current state and the future direction of the study of the big data are in the economic sector.","PeriodicalId":416171,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 55th International Academic Conference, Vienna","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132607796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.20472/iac.2020.055.011
Ioana Pantilimon
: The aim of this work is to explore the concept and praxis of Normative Power Europe from a postcolonial perspective, by addressing the European imaginaries on Latin America and the Caribbean. The extensively held thesis by the NPE scholars and practitioners is that the European Union externally promotes the set of values that it practices internally, acting as a normative power (Manners, 2002; Diez and Manners 2007; Manners: 2008). The increasing usage and popularity of NPE has, nevertheless, attracted criticism in recent years (Merlingen: 2007; Mayer: 2008; Hyde-Price: 2008; Bachmann and Sidaway: 2009; Onar and Nicolaïdis: 2013; Staeger: 2016), with a wide range of scholars pointing at the limits and roots of NPE. However, postcolonial criticism of the EU as a normative power remains limited, although the EU's external relations with the former colonies of the European powers are addressed, drawing attention to the continuity and persistence of colonial power relations and racism in the EU's foreign policy. Hence, this article focuses on the Strategic Partnership’s Cooperation for Development pillar and questions the postulated discourse of historical and cultural links, which ignores the context they were created in. It argues that the European Union continues to position itself globally as a universal source of knowledge and an exceptional power, building its global identity on the continuing disregardance of the existing epistemological pluralities, and being driven by selective self-reflection. Acting through the means of the Development Cooperation Instrument and through the Latin American Investment Facility, the EU positions itself as a generous aid donor and a norm-setter, without taking into account the international socio-spatial differences.
这项工作的目的是通过解决欧洲对拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的想象，从后殖民的角度探索欧洲规范权力的概念和实践。NPE学者和实践者广泛持有的观点是，欧盟作为一种规范性力量，在外部促进其内部实践的一套价值观(Manners, 2002;Diez and Manners 2007;礼仪:2008)。然而，近年来，NPE的使用和普及也引起了批评(Merlingen: 2007;梅尔:2008;Hyde-Price: 2008;巴赫曼和西达威:2009;Onar and Nicolaïdis: 2013;Staeger: 2016)，许多学者指出了NPE的局限性和根源。然而，对欧盟作为一个规范性大国的后殖民批评仍然有限，尽管欧盟与欧洲列强前殖民地的对外关系得到了解决，引起了人们对欧盟外交政策中殖民大国关系和种族主义的连续性和持久性的关注。因此，本文将重点放在战略伙伴关系的合作促进发展支柱上，并对历史和文化联系的假设话语提出质疑，这种话语忽视了它们产生的背景。它认为，欧盟继续将自己定位为全球知识的普遍来源和特殊力量，在继续无视现有认识论多元化的基础上建立其全球身份，并受到选择性自我反思的推动。欧盟通过《发展合作文书》和拉丁美洲投资基金采取行动，将自己定位为慷慨的援助捐助国和规范制定者，而不考虑国际社会空间差异。
{"title":"THE EU-LAC COOPERATION: NORM-SETTING, DEVELOPMENT, AND SOCIO-SPATIAL DIFFERENCE. A POSTCOLONIAL CRITIQUE OF NORMATIVE POWER EUROPE","authors":"Ioana Pantilimon","doi":"10.20472/iac.2020.055.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20472/iac.2020.055.011","url":null,"abstract":": The aim of this work is to explore the concept and praxis of Normative Power Europe from a postcolonial perspective, by addressing the European imaginaries on Latin America and the Caribbean. The extensively held thesis by the NPE scholars and practitioners is that the European Union externally promotes the set of values that it practices internally, acting as a normative power (Manners, 2002; Diez and Manners 2007; Manners: 2008). The increasing usage and popularity of NPE has, nevertheless, attracted criticism in recent years (Merlingen: 2007; Mayer: 2008; Hyde-Price: 2008; Bachmann and Sidaway: 2009; Onar and Nicolaïdis: 2013; Staeger: 2016), with a wide range of scholars pointing at the limits and roots of NPE. However, postcolonial criticism of the EU as a normative power remains limited, although the EU's external relations with the former colonies of the European powers are addressed, drawing attention to the continuity and persistence of colonial power relations and racism in the EU's foreign policy. Hence, this article focuses on the Strategic Partnership’s Cooperation for Development pillar and questions the postulated discourse of historical and cultural links, which ignores the context they were created in. It argues that the European Union continues to position itself globally as a universal source of knowledge and an exceptional power, building its global identity on the continuing disregardance of the existing epistemological pluralities, and being driven by selective self-reflection. Acting through the means of the Development Cooperation Instrument and through the Latin American Investment Facility, the EU positions itself as a generous aid donor and a norm-setter, without taking into account the international socio-spatial differences.","PeriodicalId":416171,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 55th International Academic Conference, Vienna","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114887688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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