Pub Date : 2020-02-10DOI: 10.17141/urvio.26.2020.4038
R. Casillas
El cambio climático en Centroamérica genera, entre otros efectos, migraciones en el interior o al exterior de los países de origen. La migración centroamericana que transita por México es importante por su volumen, por ser indocumentada y por su diversificación social, de género y etaria. Algunas localidades mexicanas susceptibles al cambio climático están en las rutas migratorias que atraviesan el país, mientras que otras con la misma susceptibilidad posiblemente sean receptoras de emergentes asentamientos indefinidos de quienes desde 2019 esperan respuesta a su solicitud de refugio en Estados Unidos. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la posible relación entre las localidades mexicanas con problemas climáticos y el tránsito de migraciones centroamericanas, así como referir los riesgos de aquellas que sean receptoras de los nuevos asentamientos. Con base en fuentes documentales y hemerográficas y resultados empíricos, se analizan esos procesos desde una perspectiva histórico- procesual. Las conclusiones apuntan a vacíos de conocimiento; flujos migratorios mixtos, que incluyen a migrantes por razones climáticas; a tránsito por un bajo número de localidades mexicanas con riesgo climático, dispersas por las rutas migratorias; a procesos con algunas conexiones y a otros que, sin tenerlas, no escapan al riesgo de potenciar posibles intolerancias sociales. Abstract Climate change in Central America generates, among other effects, migrations inside and outside the countries of origin. The Central American migration that travels through Mexico is important because of its volume, because it is undocumented and diversified socially, by gender and age. Some Mexican localities susceptible to climate change are on the migratory routes through Mexico, while others with the same susceptibility may be receivers of emerging indefinite settlements from those who expect a response to their request for refuge in the United States, since 2019. The objective of this article is to analyze the possible relationship between the Mexican localities with climatic problems and the transit of Central American migrations, as well as referring the risks of those who are receivers of the new settlements. Based on secondary sources and empirical results, these processes are analyzed from a procedural historical perspective. The conclusions point to knowledge gaps, mixed migratory flows that include migrants for climatic reasons, transit through a low number of Mexican towns with climate risk, dispersed by migratory routes and also to processes with some connections and others that, without having them, do not escape the risk of fostering possible social intolerances.
中美洲的气候变化，除其他影响外，导致移民进入或离开原籍国。经过墨西哥的中美洲移民数量众多，无证件，社会、性别和年龄多样化。墨西哥一些易受气候变化影响的地区位于穿越该国的移民路线上，而其他同样易受气候变化影响的地区可能是自2019年以来等待美国难民申请答案的新移民的目的地。本文的目的是分析墨西哥有气候问题的地方与中美洲移民过境之间可能的关系，并参考那些接受新定居点的人的风险。本文提出了一种新的方法，在这种方法中，不同的社会群体被划分为不同的群体。结论指出了知识差距;混合移徙流动，包括气候移徙;通过墨西哥少数几个有气候风险的地点过境，分散在迁徙路线上;有一些联系的进程，以及没有这些联系的进程，也无法避免可能加剧社会不容忍的风险。《中美洲气候变化摘要》除其他影响外，还造成原籍国内外的移徙。通过墨西哥旅行的中美洲移民之所以重要，是因为其数量众多，因为其无证件，而且在性别和年龄方面具有社会多样性。一些易受气候变化影响的墨西哥地点位于通过墨西哥的移民路线上，而其他易受气候变化影响的地点可能是自2019年以来等待对其在美国的避难请求作出回应的人正在出现的无限期定居点的接收者。本文的目的是分析具有气候问题的墨西哥地方与中美洲移民过境之间可能存在的关系，并提及新定居点的接受者所面临的风险。根据二级资料和经验结果，从历史程序的角度对这些过程进行了分析。The point to knowledge的结论差距,混合的迁移流动that include migrants for climatic reasons, transit through a low number of Mexican towns with climate risk, dispersed by迁移routes and还to过程with some connections and others, without已经逃脱,do not The risk of能动社会可能intolerances。
{"title":"Migración internacional y cambio climático: conexiones y desconexiones entre México y Centroamérica/ International Migration and Climate Change: Connections and Disconnections between Mexico and Central America","authors":"R. Casillas","doi":"10.17141/urvio.26.2020.4038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/urvio.26.2020.4038","url":null,"abstract":"El cambio climático en Centroamérica genera, entre otros efectos, migraciones en el interior o al exterior de los países de origen. La migración centroamericana que transita por México es importante por su volumen, por ser indocumentada y por su diversificación social, de género y etaria. Algunas localidades mexicanas susceptibles al cambio climático están en las rutas migratorias que atraviesan el país, mientras que otras con la misma susceptibilidad posiblemente sean receptoras de emergentes asentamientos indefinidos de quienes desde 2019 esperan respuesta a su solicitud de refugio en Estados Unidos. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la posible relación entre las localidades mexicanas con problemas climáticos y el tránsito de migraciones centroamericanas, así como referir los riesgos de aquellas que sean receptoras de los nuevos asentamientos. Con base en fuentes documentales y hemerográficas y resultados empíricos, se analizan esos procesos desde una perspectiva histórico- procesual. Las conclusiones apuntan a vacíos de conocimiento; flujos migratorios mixtos, que incluyen a migrantes por razones climáticas; a tránsito por un bajo número de localidades mexicanas con riesgo climático, dispersas por las rutas migratorias; a procesos con algunas conexiones y a otros que, sin tenerlas, no escapan al riesgo de potenciar posibles intolerancias sociales. \u0000 \u0000Abstract \u0000Climate change in Central America generates, among other effects, migrations inside and outside the countries of origin. The Central American migration that travels through Mexico is important because of its volume, because it is undocumented and diversified socially, by gender and age. Some Mexican localities susceptible to climate change are on the migratory routes through Mexico, while others with the same susceptibility may be receivers of emerging indefinite settlements from those who expect a response to their request for refuge in the United States, since 2019. The objective of this article is to analyze the possible relationship between the Mexican localities with climatic problems and the transit of Central American migrations, as well as referring the risks of those who are receivers of the new settlements. Based on secondary sources and empirical results, these processes are analyzed from a procedural historical perspective. The conclusions point to knowledge gaps, mixed migratory flows that include migrants for climatic reasons, transit through a low number of Mexican towns with climate risk, dispersed by migratory routes and also to processes with some connections and others that, without having them, do not escape the risk of fostering possible social intolerances. ","PeriodicalId":41674,"journal":{"name":"URVIO-Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad","volume":"1 1","pages":"73-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45231542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-10DOI: 10.17141/urvio.26.2020.4226
Jaime Arias
The article presents the activities of the counterintelligence in a context of doctrinal update, in order to establish the operational procedures that allow this activity to be more visible, given that it defends state interests and therefore should be associated with activities governed by legality, as well as public control. A descriptive process of such activities is proposed, considering some countries in the Andean region, North America and Europe, as well as the availability of legal and doctrinal sustenance. This allows knowing the trends currently in force in this field. It also allows to describe and propose possible strategies and the corresponding lines of action in the field 1 General de División en servicio pasivo del Ejército ecuatoriano, instructor invitado de la Universidad de Fuerzas Armadas del Ecuador, j.castillo.ecuador@gmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0001-8085-7781 doi.org/10.17141/urvio.26.2020.4226 8 U RV IO , R ev is ta L at in oa m er ic an a de E st ud io s de S eg ur id ad , N o. 2 6, e ne ro -a br il 20 20 p p. 823 • R EL A SE D O R y FL A C SO S ed e Ec ua do r • IS SN 1 39 042 99 (e n lín ea ) y 1 39 036 91 Consideraciones de contrainteligencia en la formulación de estrategias de seguridad Jaime Castillo-Arias URVIO, Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad No. 26 • enero-abril 2020 • pp.8-23 ISSN 1390-4299 (en línea) y 1390-3691 9 of counterintelligence, systematically controlled by the states that require them. With this background, there is a need to configure counterintelligence strategies and lines of action, which would improve security and external support to better address risk factors and threats that would affect the society, the state and its institutions.
这篇文章在理论更新的背景下介绍了反间谍活动，以建立使这种活动更加明显的操作程序，因为它捍卫了国家利益，因此应该与受合法性和公共控制的活动相关联。考虑到安第斯地区、北美和欧洲的一些国家，以及法律和理论支持的可用性，建议对这些活动进行描述。这使我们能够了解该领域目前的趋势。它还允许描述和提出在实地可能的战略和相应的行动方针1厄瓜多尔武装部队富尔萨斯大学受邀教员，j.castillo.ecuador@gmail.com，orcid.org/0000-0001-8085-7781 doi.org/10.17141/urvio.262020.4226 8 U RV IO，R ev是一个位于办公地址的地址，例如地址广告，编号2 6，e ne ro-a br il 20 20 p p.823•R EL a SE D O R y FL a C SO S ed e Ec ua do R•IS SN 1 39 042 99（e n lín ea）和1 39 036 91反情报考虑，Jaime Castillo Arias URVIO，《拉丁美洲反情报研究评论》第26期•enero abril 2020•第8-23页ISSN 1390-4299（en línea）和1390-3691反情报，由需要它们的国家系统地控制。在这种背景下，有必要制定反间谍战略和行动方针，以改善安全和外部支持，更好地应对可能影响社会、国家及其机构的风险因素和威胁。
{"title":"Consideraciones de contrainteligencia en la formulación de estrategias de seguridad: utopía o evolución pragmática/ Counterintelligence Considerations in the Formulation of Security Strategies: Utopia or Pragmatic Evolution","authors":"Jaime Arias","doi":"10.17141/urvio.26.2020.4226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/urvio.26.2020.4226","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the activities of the counterintelligence in a context of doctrinal update, in order to establish the operational procedures that allow this activity to be more visible, given that it defends state interests and therefore should be associated with activities governed by legality, as well as public control. A descriptive process of such activities is proposed, considering some countries in the Andean region, North America and Europe, as well as the availability of legal and doctrinal sustenance. This allows knowing the trends currently in force in this field. It also allows to describe and propose possible strategies and the corresponding lines of action in the field 1 General de División en servicio pasivo del Ejército ecuatoriano, instructor invitado de la Universidad de Fuerzas Armadas del Ecuador, j.castillo.ecuador@gmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0001-8085-7781 doi.org/10.17141/urvio.26.2020.4226 8 U RV IO , R ev is ta L at in oa m er ic an a de E st ud io s de S eg ur id ad , N o. 2 6, e ne ro -a br il 20 20 p p. 823 • R EL A SE D O R y FL A C SO S ed e Ec ua do r • IS SN 1 39 042 99 (e n lín ea ) y 1 39 036 91 Consideraciones de contrainteligencia en la formulación de estrategias de seguridad Jaime Castillo-Arias URVIO, Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad No. 26 • enero-abril 2020 • pp.8-23 ISSN 1390-4299 (en línea) y 1390-3691 9 of counterintelligence, systematically controlled by the states that require them. With this background, there is a need to configure counterintelligence strategies and lines of action, which would improve security and external support to better address risk factors and threats that would affect the society, the state and its institutions.","PeriodicalId":41674,"journal":{"name":"URVIO-Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad","volume":"1 1","pages":"8-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41874058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-10DOI: 10.17141/urvio.26.2020.4225
Paloma Mendoza Cortés
El presente artículo se deriva de la tesis doctoral El proceso de toma de decisiones en el Ejército Mexicano: la función de la Inteligencia Militar. La investigación es retomada para analizar la operación de captura de Ovidio Guzmán, en Culiacán, Sinaloa, México. Se confrontan fuentes de primera mano de inteligencia militar con información de fuentes abiertas y se determinan los posibles fallos de inteligencia y contrainteligencia que condujeron al gobierno mexicano a tomar la decisión de liberar a Ovidio Guzmán frente a los actos de violencia y al uso del ciberespacio por el crimen organizado para tal fin. A partir de la información consultada, se concluye que existió una falta de cooperación interagencial y fallos del Gabinete de Seguridad de México en el proceso de toma de decisiones en situaciones críticas. Abstract This analysis is based on the dissertation The Mexican Army decision-making process: The role of Military Intelligence. The original research is applied to the case of the Ovidio Guzmán capture operation in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. First-hand sources of military intelligence are confronted with information from open sources to evaluate the possible intelligence and counterintelligence failures that can explain the Mexican government´s decision to release Ovidio Guzman after members of his cartel committed acts of extreme violence and exploited social media. Based on the sources consulted, the author concludes the key factors that led to the failure of the operation were the lack of inter-agency cooperation and deficiencies in the decision-making process by the Security Cabinet of Mexico.
{"title":"Inteligencia y contrainteligencia militar frente a fallos y desafíos. El caso de Culiacán, México (2019)/ Fails and Challenges of Military Intelligence and Counterintelligence: Culiacan, Mexico (2019) as Case Study","authors":"Paloma Mendoza Cortés","doi":"10.17141/urvio.26.2020.4225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/urvio.26.2020.4225","url":null,"abstract":"El presente artículo se deriva de la tesis doctoral El proceso de toma de decisiones en el Ejército Mexicano: la función de la Inteligencia Militar. La investigación es retomada para analizar la operación de captura de Ovidio Guzmán, en Culiacán, Sinaloa, México. Se confrontan fuentes de primera mano de inteligencia militar con información de fuentes abiertas y se determinan los posibles fallos de inteligencia y contrainteligencia que condujeron al gobierno mexicano a tomar la decisión de liberar a Ovidio Guzmán frente a los actos de violencia y al uso del ciberespacio por el crimen organizado para tal fin. A partir de la información consultada, se concluye que existió una falta de cooperación interagencial y fallos del Gabinete de Seguridad de México en el proceso de toma de decisiones en situaciones críticas. \u0000Abstract \u0000This analysis is based on the dissertation The Mexican Army decision-making process: The role of Military Intelligence. The original research is applied to the case of the Ovidio Guzmán capture operation in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. First-hand sources of military intelligence are confronted with information from open sources to evaluate the possible intelligence and counterintelligence failures that can explain the Mexican government´s decision to release Ovidio Guzman after members of his cartel committed acts of extreme violence and exploited social media. Based on the sources consulted, the author concludes the key factors that led to the failure of the operation were the lack of inter-agency cooperation and deficiencies in the decision-making process by the Security Cabinet of Mexico.","PeriodicalId":41674,"journal":{"name":"URVIO-Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad","volume":"1 1","pages":"37-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45905978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-29DOI: 10.17141/urvio.25.2019.4007
Juan-Manuel Aguilar-Antonio
The article introduces the category of cyber-physical facts, a proposal for the analysis and delimitation of threats in the hybrid regime of cyberspace. The research objective is to test the hypothesis that Latin America, and Mexico in particular, do not understand in their National Cybersecurity Strategies (NCSS) the nature of cyber-attacks, nor the possibility that a crisis arising in cyberspace will jump into the physical or material ground. To prove this, the context of cybersecurity in the region is presented and also a critique of the NCSS of Mexico. Then, the 1 Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, alchemistffvii@hotmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0002-4686-685X U RV IO , R ev is ta L at in oa m er ic an a de E st ud io s de S eg ur id ad , N o. 2 5, d ic ie m br e 20 19 -m ay o 20 20 p p. 2 440 • R EL A SE D O R y FL A C SO S ed e Ec ua do r • IS SN 1 39 042 99 (e n lín ea ) y 1 39 036 91 doi.org/10.17141/urvio.25.2019.4007
文章介绍了网络物理事实的范畴，提出了在网络空间混合机制中分析和界定威胁的建议。研究目的是检验这样一种假设，即拉丁美洲，特别是墨西哥，在其国家网络安全战略（NCSS）中不了解网络攻击的性质，也不了解网络空间中出现的危机会跳到物理或物质层面的可能性。为了证明这一点，介绍了该地区网络安全的背景，并对墨西哥的NCSS进行了批评。然后，墨西哥国立自治大学（UNAM）政治和社会科学学院，alchemistffvii@hotmail.com，orcid.org/0000-0002-4686-685X U RV IO，R ev是一个位于文件中的文件，编号2 5，d ic ie m br E 20 19-m ay o 20 p p.2 440•R EL a SE d o R y FL a C SO s ed E Ec ua do R•is SN 1 39 042 99（E N LíN ea）y 1 39 036 91 doi.org/10.17141/urvio.25.2019.4007
{"title":"Hechos ciberfísicos: una propuesta de análisis para ciberamenazas en las Estrategias Nacionales de Ciberseguridad/ Cyber-physical Facts: A Proposed Analysis for Cyber Threats in the National Cybersecurity Strategies","authors":"Juan-Manuel Aguilar-Antonio","doi":"10.17141/urvio.25.2019.4007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/urvio.25.2019.4007","url":null,"abstract":"The article introduces the category of cyber-physical facts, a proposal for the analysis and delimitation of threats in the hybrid regime of cyberspace. The research objective is to test the hypothesis that Latin America, and Mexico in particular, do not understand in their National Cybersecurity Strategies (NCSS) the nature of cyber-attacks, nor the possibility that a crisis arising in cyberspace will jump into the physical or material ground. To prove this, the context of cybersecurity in the region is presented and also a critique of the NCSS of Mexico. Then, the 1 Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), México, alchemistffvii@hotmail.com, orcid.org/0000-0002-4686-685X U RV IO , R ev is ta L at in oa m er ic an a de E st ud io s de S eg ur id ad , N o. 2 5, d ic ie m br e 20 19 -m ay o 20 20 p p. 2 440 • R EL A SE D O R y FL A C SO S ed e Ec ua do r • IS SN 1 39 042 99 (e n lín ea ) y 1 39 036 91 doi.org/10.17141/urvio.25.2019.4007","PeriodicalId":41674,"journal":{"name":"URVIO-Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad","volume":"1 1","pages":"24-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48305795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-27DOI: 10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3998
A. Ocón, Aureliano Da Ponte
El estudio de la guerra y la capacidad de generar categorías o tipologías inmunes a la crítica ha sido un desafío histórico en el que persisten importantes debates. El presente artículo, de carácter cualitativo descriptivo, presenta un análisis histórico conceptual que indaga sobre la interacción entre la tecnología y las instituciones, así como su impacto en la forma de hacer la guerra, a fin de distinguir las condiciones estructurales de aquellas contingentes. La hipótesis planteada es que las convenciones y la tecnología son dimensiones estructurantes en cuanto a las opciones estratégicas de los actores al momento del choque de intereses. Como resultado, se evidencian factores que hacen novedosa la praxis de la guerra, pero en esencia se mantienen rasgos distintivos permanentes, más allá de la coyuntura histórica. Abstract The study of war and the ability to generate categories or typologies immune to criticism has been a historic challenge in which important debates persist. This qualitative article presents a conceptual historical analysis of the interaction between technology and institutions, and their impact on the way of making war, aiming to differentiate the structural conditions from those of a contingent nature. The hypothesis stated is that conventionality and technology are structuring dimensions in terms of the strategic options of the actors at the time of the clash of interests. The results show factors that make the practice of war novel, but some permanent distinctive features beyond the historical juncture are essentially maintained.
研究战争和产生不受批评的类别或类型的能力一直是一项历史性的挑战，重要的辩论仍在继续。在这篇文章中，我们提出了一个概念性的历史分析，探讨了技术和制度之间的相互作用，以及它们对战争方式的影响，以区分结构条件和偶然条件。本文提出的假设是，惯例和技术是行动者在利益冲突时的战略选择的结构维度。因此，战争实践的创新因素变得明显，但在本质上，它们保留了永久的独特特征，超越了历史的结合。《战争的研究和产生类别或类型的能力不受批评》一直是一个历史挑战，在这个挑战中，重要的争论仍然存在。这篇定性文章对技术与制度之间的相互作用及其对战争方式的影响进行了概念性的历史分析，目的是将结构条件与偶然性质的条件区分开来。所提出的假设是，在利益冲突发生时，根据行动者的战略选择，传统和技术构成了维度。结果显示factors that make The practice of war小说,但一些常驻distinctive特写beyond The历史juncture are基本着。
{"title":"Reconceptualizando la relación entre tecnología, instituciones y guerra/ Reconceptualizing the Relationship between Technology, Institutions and War","authors":"A. Ocón, Aureliano Da Ponte","doi":"10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3998","url":null,"abstract":"El estudio de la guerra y la capacidad de generar categorías o tipologías inmunes a la crítica ha sido un desafío histórico en el que persisten importantes debates. El presente artículo, de carácter cualitativo descriptivo, presenta un análisis histórico conceptual que indaga sobre la interacción entre la tecnología y las instituciones, así como su impacto en la forma de hacer la guerra, a fin de distinguir las condiciones estructurales de aquellas contingentes. La hipótesis planteada es que las convenciones y la tecnología son dimensiones estructurantes en cuanto a las opciones estratégicas de los actores al momento del choque de intereses. Como resultado, se evidencian factores que hacen novedosa la praxis de la guerra, pero en esencia se mantienen rasgos distintivos permanentes, más allá de la coyuntura histórica. \u0000Abstract \u0000The study of war and the ability to generate categories or typologies immune to criticism has been a historic challenge in which important debates persist. This qualitative article presents a conceptual historical analysis of the interaction between technology and institutions, and their impact on the way of making war, aiming to differentiate the structural conditions from those of a contingent nature. The hypothesis stated is that conventionality and technology are structuring dimensions in terms of the strategic options of the actors at the time of the clash of interests. The results show factors that make the practice of war novel, but some permanent distinctive features beyond the historical juncture are essentially maintained.","PeriodicalId":41674,"journal":{"name":"URVIO-Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73739425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-27DOI: 10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3997
Ana-María Ruiz-Ruano, J. López-Puga, J. Delgado-Morán
Las sociedades contemporáneas están cada vez más condicionadas por el desarrollo de la tecnología informática. Esa tendencia deja entrever un panorama en el que cada ser humano se identifica por el binomio persona-computadora, mientras que la mayor informatización de la vida civil está generando ingentes cantidades de datos que son susceptibles de ser gestionados con fines bélicos. El objetivo de este artículo es abordar la utilidad potencial de las redes bayesianas como herramientas destinadas a la monitorización y detección temprana de ataques híbridos de carácter social a escala global. Como conclusión, planteamos que el uso de la inferencia y las redes bayesianas es útil para monitorear, detectar y supervisar el componente social de las amenazas híbridas a escala global por medio del análisis de las redes sociales. Abstract Contemporary societies are increasingly conditioned by the development of computer technology. This trend suggests a picture in which each human being is identified by the person-computer binomial while greater computerization of civil life is generating huge amounts of data that are likely to be managed for war purposes. The objective of this article is to address the potential utility of Bayesian networks aimed at monitoring and early detection of hybrid attacks of a global nature. We conclude that the use of inference and Bayesian networks is useful for monitoring, detection and supervision of the social component of hybrid threats globally through social network analysis.
当代社会越来越受到计算机技术发展的制约。这一趋势使我们看到了这样一种情况:每个人都是通过人-计算机二项来识别的，而平民生活日益电脑化正在产生大量的数据，这些数据可以用于战争目的。本文的目的是探讨贝叶斯网络作为一种工具的潜在效用，旨在监测和早期检测全球范围内的混合社会攻击。最后，我们提出，通过社交网络分析，使用推理和贝叶斯网络在全球范围内监测、检测和监控混合威胁的社会成分是有用的。Abstract当代社会是越来越conditioned by the development of computer technology。这一趋势表明了一种情况，即每个人都被人-计算机二项所识别，而公民生活的更大计算机化产生了大量的数据，这些数据很可能被用于战争目的。目标of this is to address The条潜在效用of Bayesian networks在监测和早期检测of hybrid attacks of a global nature。我们的结论是，利用推理和贝叶斯网络可以通过社会网络分析在全球范围内监测、检测和监督混合威胁的社会成分。
{"title":"El componente social de la amenaza híbrida y su detección con modelos bayesianos/ The Social Component of the Hybrid Threat and its Detection with Bayesian Models","authors":"Ana-María Ruiz-Ruano, J. López-Puga, J. Delgado-Morán","doi":"10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3997","url":null,"abstract":"Las sociedades contemporáneas están cada vez más condicionadas por el desarrollo de la tecnología informática. Esa tendencia deja entrever un panorama en el que cada ser humano se identifica por el binomio persona-computadora, mientras que la mayor informatización de la vida civil está generando ingentes cantidades de datos que son susceptibles de ser gestionados con fines bélicos. El objetivo de este artículo es abordar la utilidad potencial de las redes bayesianas como herramientas destinadas a la monitorización y detección temprana de ataques híbridos de carácter social a escala global. Como conclusión, planteamos que el uso de la inferencia y las redes bayesianas es útil para monitorear, detectar y supervisar el componente social de las amenazas híbridas a escala global por medio del análisis de las redes sociales. \u0000Abstract \u0000Contemporary societies are increasingly conditioned by the development of computer technology. This trend suggests a picture in which each human being is identified by the person-computer binomial while greater computerization of civil life is generating huge amounts of data that are likely to be managed for war purposes. The objective of this article is to address the potential utility of Bayesian networks aimed at monitoring and early detection of hybrid attacks of a global nature. We conclude that the use of inference and Bayesian networks is useful for monitoring, detection and supervision of the social component of hybrid threats globally through social network analysis.","PeriodicalId":41674,"journal":{"name":"URVIO-Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89095412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-27DOI: 10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3995
G. Hernández, Carlos-Alfonso Romero-Arias
La amenaza que representa la inseguridad publica en America Latina ha conllevado que muchos de los gobiernos asolados por ella recurran a las politicas de militarizacion. En el caso de Mexico, el gobierno creo la Guardia Nacional para pacificar el pais. El objetivo del articulo es responder la pregunta ?por que, pese a los argumentos y posturas de diferentes actores nacionales e internacionales, la Administracion Federal en Mexico (2018-2024) decidio crear una Guardia Nacional para combatir y reducir los indices de violencia? El estudio emplea un metodo explicativo y utiliza informacion del Banco Mundial, el Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI), el Forum Brasileno de Seguridad Publica, World Prision Brief, el Indice de Paz Global, y el Secretariado Ejecutivo del Sistema Nacional de Seguridad Publica (SESNSP).
{"title":"La Guardia Nacional y la militarización de la seguridad pública en México/ The National Guard and the militarization of public security in Mexico","authors":"G. Hernández, Carlos-Alfonso Romero-Arias","doi":"10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3995","url":null,"abstract":"La amenaza que representa la inseguridad publica en America Latina ha conllevado que muchos de los gobiernos asolados por ella recurran a las politicas de militarizacion. En el caso de Mexico, el gobierno creo la Guardia Nacional para pacificar el pais. El objetivo del articulo es responder la pregunta ?por que, pese a los argumentos y posturas de diferentes actores nacionales e internacionales, la Administracion Federal en Mexico (2018-2024) decidio crear una Guardia Nacional para combatir y reducir los indices de violencia? El estudio emplea un metodo explicativo y utiliza informacion del Banco Mundial, el Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Geografia (INEGI), el Forum Brasileno de Seguridad Publica, World Prision Brief, el Indice de Paz Global, y el Secretariado Ejecutivo del Sistema Nacional de Seguridad Publica (SESNSP).","PeriodicalId":41674,"journal":{"name":"URVIO-Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad","volume":"1 1","pages":"87-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45144486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-27DOI: 10.17141/urvio.25.2019.4006
Javier Miguel-Gil
El articulo tiene como objetivo analizar el tratamiento informativo que los medios de comunicacion han realizado de las campanas de desinformacion rusa en un supuesto contexto de guerra hibrida. A partir de noticias de los principales medios de comunicacion que informaron sobre el tema, el analisis se centra en el uso del concepto de guerra hibrida y lo compara con su concepcion tradicional estrategica, para determinar si las actividades en cuestion pueden inscribirse en este tipo de conflictos.
{"title":"El tratamiento informativo de la guerra híbrida de Rusia/ The Informative Treatment of the Russian Hybrid War","authors":"Javier Miguel-Gil","doi":"10.17141/urvio.25.2019.4006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/urvio.25.2019.4006","url":null,"abstract":"El articulo tiene como objetivo analizar el tratamiento informativo que los medios de comunicacion han realizado de las campanas de desinformacion rusa en un supuesto contexto de guerra hibrida. A partir de noticias de los principales medios de comunicacion que informaron sobre el tema, el analisis se centra en el uso del concepto de guerra hibrida y lo compara con su concepcion tradicional estrategica, para determinar si las actividades en cuestion pueden inscribirse en este tipo de conflictos.","PeriodicalId":41674,"journal":{"name":"URVIO-Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad","volume":"1 1","pages":"108-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42379028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-27DOI: 10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3824
Sebastían Saborío
This article analyses the phenomena of territorial control that is carried on by small scale drug trafficking groups in Latin American cities. It shows that existing publications on this topic take for granted what “territorial control” is, but end up referring to different social processes. Leaning in the concepts of territory, territoriality and territorialization, the author defines which elements shape the different modalities of territorial control implemented by small scale drug trafficking groups. In this way, he provides an analytical tool composed by different indicators: who are the subjects controlled by drug gangs, what is the extension, modality and objectives of territorial control and how do these groups influence political and associative life as well as other spheres of everyday life of the communities in which they are located.
{"title":"Narcomenudeo y control territorial en América Latina/ Small Scale Drug Trafficking and Territorial Control in Latin America","authors":"Sebastían Saborío","doi":"10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17141/urvio.25.2019.3824","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses the phenomena of territorial control that is carried on by small scale drug trafficking groups in Latin American cities. It shows that existing publications on this topic take for granted what “territorial control” is, but end up referring to different social processes. Leaning in the concepts of territory, territoriality and territorialization, the author defines which elements shape the different modalities of territorial control implemented by small scale drug trafficking groups. In this way, he provides an analytical tool composed by different indicators: who are the subjects controlled by drug gangs, what is the extension, modality and objectives of territorial control and how do these groups influence political and associative life as well as other spheres of everyday life of the communities in which they are located.","PeriodicalId":41674,"journal":{"name":"URVIO-Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad","volume":"1 1","pages":"71-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41986988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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