Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders最新文献

{"title":"Trace Metals and Safe Consumption of Edible Fungi from Upper-Katanga (DR Congo)","authors":"Bill Kasongo Wa Ngoy Kashiki, A. Kesel, N. Noret, P. Meerts, J. Degreef, M. Shutcha","doi":"10.37532/JFND.2020.9(2).274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/JFND.2020.9(2).274","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000 \u0000In Upper Katanga region (Democratic Republic of the Congo) Wild Edible Fungi (WEF) are an important source of food and income. This study is the first to present the trace metal content of six edible mushrooms collected from the mining region around Lubumbashi. Samples were taken in places where local people collect fruit bodies for consumption. Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry (ICP-OES,) was used to determine concentrations of ten trace metals (Al, Cr, Cu, Co, Pb, Cd, Fe, Ni, Mn and Zn) in Amanita loosii, Amanita pudica, Cantharellus congolensis, Cantharellus densifolius, Cantharellus platyphyllus, and Cantharellus ruber. Concentrations of Cr, Ni, and Pb are under the EU norm in all six species, but values for Al, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, and in some cases also for Zn or Cd are above. Significant differences between species were observed for Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, and Zn. Large variations for Al and Fe concentrations are likely partly explained by soil dust contamination, as these two elements are very abundant in soils. Co, Cu, and Mn are abundant in soil samples of MMG-Kinsevere, Cr is abundant in soil samples of Mikembo. Cd concentrations are highest in Amanita while Al and Co reach the highest concentrations in Cantharellus species. Recommended tolerable, monthly, weekly or daily intake of metals and average metal concentrations in edible fungi were used to calculate the safe weekly consumption (SWC, in kg fresh weight/week) for a 60 kg person. Cd limits the consumption of A. loosii and A. pudica to 0.6 kg-1.2 kg FW/week, Fe limits Cantharellus congolensis and C. platyphyllus to 2.2 kg-2.5 kg FW/week and Al limits C. ruber and C. densifolius to 3.5 kg-3.8 kg FW/week. Recommendations are listed to further reduce the intake of metals through the consumption of wild edible fungi.","PeriodicalId":417095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders","volume":"411 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124383915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic Properties of Microalgae Spirulina platensis Produced in Turkey","authors":"Guldas Ziyanok, S-Demirtas, S. Yildiz, E. Yıldız","doi":"10.37532/JFND.2020.9(2).273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/JFND.2020.9(2).273","url":null,"abstract":"In our research, Spirulina produced in Turkey has a high antioxidant capacity that changes between 1.281 and 7.110 mg GAE/100 g and determined by the three common methods (ABTS, CUPRAC, and DPPH). The major phenolics found in Spirulina were acacetin (53.62%) and pinocembrin (41.28%). The bio-accessibility values of the phenolic compounds in Spirulina were approximately 60%. PUFA’s are the significant antioxidant compounds to prevent lipid peroxidation. S. platensis has been found to reduce blood sugar and oxidative stress due probably to the high amount of omega-6 PUFA. Antioxidant enzyme levels of GSH-Px and SOD were increased 140% and 59% in the healthy rats treated with Spirulina and the diabetics treated with Spirulina. In diabetic rats fed with Spirulina, glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol levels in blood and malondialdehyde content in body tissues were decreased by 20, 31, 22 and up to 56%, respectively. \u0000 \u0000In-vitro and in-vivo tests have shown that Spirulina has anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-hyperlipidaemia and antioxidative effects on diabetic rats.","PeriodicalId":417095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders","volume":"1997 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125582534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilevel Analysis of Determinants of Stunting Prevalence Among Children Under Age Five in Ethiopia: Evidence from 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey Data","authors":"Yenefenta Wube Bayileyegn","doi":"10.37532/JFND.2020.9(2).272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/JFND.2020.9(2).272","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stunting is a well established child health indicator of chronic malnutrition related to environmental and socio economic circumstances. In Ethiopia, childhood stunting is the most widely prevalent among children under age five years. Thus, this study aimed to assess and model the determinants of stunting prevalence among children under age five in Ethiopia. \u0000 \u0000Methods: Samples of 8487 children under age five and 640 community clusters were selected from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey in this study. The survey sample was designed to provide national, urban/rural, and regional representative estimates for key health and demographic indicators. The sample was selected using a two-stage stratified sampling process. The statistical model applied to determine the individual and community level factors associated with childhood stunting in Ethiopia was multilevel logistic regression model. \u0000 \u0000Results: This study revealed that the prevalence of stunting among children under age five years in Ethiopia was around 39.39%. The multilevel binary logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the variation of predictor variables of the prevalence of stunting among children under age five. Accordingly, it has been identified that ages of the child above 12 months, male gender, children from poor households and no mother education have a significant effect on prevalence of stunting in Ethiopia. It is found that variances related to the random term were statistically significant implying that there is variation in prevalence of stunting across the regional states of Ethiopia. \u0000 \u0000Conclusion: The current study confirmed that prevalence of stunting among children under aged five years in Ethiopia was severe public health problem, where 39.39% of them are stunting. Therefore, governmental and nongovernmental organizations or stakeholders should pay attention to all significant factors mentioned in the analysis of this study.","PeriodicalId":417095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127101390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Processing on Phytochemicals and Nutrient Composition of Tiger Nut (Cyperus esculentus L)","authors":"Ogunka-Nnoka Cu, Ben-Piakor Te, Mepba Hd, I. Mo","doi":"10.37532/JFND.2020.9(2).271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/JFND.2020.9(2).271","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the effect of processing on phytochemicals and nutrient composition of tiger nut (Cyperus esclentus L). Tiger nut also is known as Earth-almond was purchased as dried tiger nut tubers, carefully selected to remove dust particles and shared into four sets. The first set was further air-dried (EAAd) for four days and blended using laboratory miller. The second, third and fourth sets were soaked in water for four days to rehydrate. After which the following processing methods were applied; blanching at 80°C for 10 minutes (EAB), soaking in water to ferment for 4 days (EAF) and dehydrated (EAD) by oven drying again after rehydration respectively. The 2nd-4th sets were then oven-dried at a temperature of 60°C for 17 hours before milling into flour. Results of proximate analysis of the processed Earth-almond showed EAF to have the highest concentration of protein (8.37 ± 0.12), carbohydrate (49.01 ± 0.17) and ash (6.20 ± 0.12). The highest lipid (7.55 ± 0.06) and crude fibre (19.50 ± 0.23) was recorded for EAD, while the highest moisture content was recorded for EAB (19.71 ± 0.35). EAF, significantly (p<0.05) improved mineral and amino acid contents; while processing generally reduced the phytochemical content when compared with the air-dried sample (EAAd).","PeriodicalId":417095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115377946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dehydration and Cognition","authors":"S. Frank, T. Burkhalter","doi":"10.37532/JFND.2020.9(1).268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/JFND.2020.9(1).268","url":null,"abstract":"Dehydration is a common issue that many people will face at some point during their lifetime. Dehydration can cause an abundance of health problems, both physically and mentally. However, many people are unaware that a lack of hydration can impair their cognitive ability, which can be especially harmful to individuals enrolled in a university. College students are often overwhelmed by the chaos of homework and other obligations, causing them to spend little time reflecting on their health and well-being. Individuals may forget to eat or drink water on a daily basis, which can have negative consequences for both physical and mental health. Specifically, dehydration can cause a significant decline in a student’s academic performance.","PeriodicalId":417095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125717438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Physical Activity, Diet, Fatty Acid Composition and Obesity, in Tunisian Population","authors":"W. Khamlaoui, S. Mehri, R. Chaaba, S. Hammami, M. Hammami","doi":"10.37532/JFND.2020.9(1).269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/JFND.2020.9(1).269","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To study the situation of obesity in the Tunisian population by identifying the factors of contributing to obesity and exploring its impact on both genders. \u0000Methods: This is a descriptive retrospective study. We studied 401 randomly selected Tunisian subjects. Participants were characterized as obese if their BMI was ≥ 30 kg/m2. \u0000Results: A total of 401 patients aged 30-62 years were included in this study with a mean age of 48.94 ± 9.57 years. About 60.8% of patients are men and 39.2% are women. One hundred fifty three of patients were overweight and 61.8% were obese. Regarding diet, the majority of men consumed high amounts of fried potato, biscuits and sweets, Fruits and vegetables, sandwiches and Soft drinks and processed juices. Most of patients were physically inactive (63.9% of male and 59.2% of female practiced light physical activity). The majority of patients was farmers, employers and retires (36.4%, 30.2 and 18% respectively). Two hundred and sixteen of patients had high school level (53.3% of men and 54.8% of women). The major complication was dyslipidemia (58.1%), digestive diseases (11%) and immune disorders (9.5%).  Regarding treatments, most participants did not use treatment (43.1%: 27.9% males and 15.2% females).  Bariatricsurgery was more prevalent in male patients than females (8% vs. 7%). Plasma from female participants had significantly higher content of linoleic acid, γ-linolenic, Dihomo-γ-linolenic, docosatetraenoic, eicosapentaenoic, clupanodonic, docosahexaenoic acids than males. \u0000Conclusion: Obesity rates across Tunisia are alarming. The present study serves to highlight the need for better-quality surveillance data and effective public health interventions to curb rising obesity rates.","PeriodicalId":417095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128565399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer Therapeutic and Preventive Effects of Dried Seaweed (Porphyra yezoensis) Extract by Gut Immunity Activation","authors":"H. Ichihara, Masaki Okumura, T. Doi, Tatsuro Inano, K. Goto, Y. Matsumoto","doi":"10.37532/JFND.2020.9(1).270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/JFND.2020.9(1).270","url":null,"abstract":"The application of active ingredients in biomass in pharmaceutical products is eagerly anticipated, such as the use of dried seaweed (nori, Porphyra yezoensis) currently discarded as biomass. In this study, we used mice subcutaneously transplanted with malignant melanoma and lymphoma cells as models to examine the cancer-preventive and therapeutic effects of dried seaweed extract mediated by the immuno-stimulatory effects of components of the extract. The 15-day oral administration of seaweed extract resulted in lower tumor (melanoma) weight in the model mice. Time-dependent increases in IgA and IgG levels were observed in the serum of melanoma model mice following oral administration of seaweed extract. We observed an increase in IgA levels in a solution of the supernatant from homogenized ileal tissue from the melanoma model mice following the administration of seaweed extract. Furthermore, immunostaining revealed multiple IgA-positive cells in the ileal tissue sections of the melanoma model mice that were orally administered seaweed extract. In addition, when the model mice were orally administered seaweed extract for 7 days, the size of the subcutaneous lymphoma tumors tended to decrease, suggesting the therapeutic effect of the extract. When the mice were administered seaweed extract as a pre-treatment for 7 days before lymphoma tumor transplantation, significant shrinkage of the tumor was observed in the seaweed extract-treated mice compared with the control mice, which suggested the preventive effect of seaweed extract.","PeriodicalId":417095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131132609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effects of Garlic, Yogurt, Beniseed Liquor and Fresh Orange Juice on Induced Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus in Rabbits using Streptozotocin","authors":"Omoya Fo, M. Ao","doi":"10.37532/jfnd.2019.8(3).267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/jfnd.2019.8(3).267","url":null,"abstract":"Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce type-1 diabetes mellitus in animal models (twenty-one rabbits) at 60 mg/kg birth weight with two weekly booster doses to cause chronic diabetes in New Zealand White rabbits. They were given single intravenous dose of STZ in 1mL citrate buffer having a pH 4.6 and the booster dose given after 7 days and 14 days respectively. The blood glucose level was monitored along with the clinical signs including changes in behavior and weight loss. Treatment commenced immediately after the third booster when the rise in blood sugar was observed (4 hours later). They were treated with glucovance (a drug), fresh garlic extract, yogurt, beniseed liquor and orange juice for a period of 12 weeks (3 months) with the effect of the treatments checked on the glucose level of their blood, full blood count analysis using Mindray BC3300 auto-hematology analyzer and histopathology analysis of their pancreas. The results showed that the glucose level of the rabbits was within 70.02 ± 1.0 mg/dl at p ≤ 0.05 before they were induced. The level rose to 187.33 ± 0.9 mg/dl after the 3rd booster dose of streptozotocin was given to the rabbits. Gross morphology of selected organs showed that the inducement caused discoloration of the kidneys, oedema of the pancreas and significant increase in weight of the heart at p ≤ 0.05. There were no significant differences at p ≤ 0.05 between Packed Cell Volume (PCV) of the control group and the group induced and treated with diabetes drug; while there were significant differences in the fibrinogen values for the experimental groups. The induced type 1 diabetes mellitus caused an increase in the basophils, monocytes, and neutrophils while it caused significant decrease in the percentage of lymphocytes. Histopathologically, the inducement caused poor formation of the islet of Langerhans cells and dot necrotized cells. There is profuse hemorrhage from highly vascularized pancreatic acini surrounded by parenchyma fat cells. The group induced and treated with garlic extract showed some good features that not only depict a good and fast recovery from diabetes but showed some other health benefits of garlic. They are presence of well-formed pancreatic acini and cell infiltrations with well-spaced interstitial cells of the pancreas that shows active cell division of the pancreatic ducts and acini. There is splay and intrafaradization of the cracked pancreatic ducts. The presence of artifacts is seen at the anterior portion of the plate with well-formed interlobular and intralobular ducts. The effect of garlic extract as a good antidiabetic agent has been well established in this research. The curative strength of other foods such as yogurt and fruit extract has been proven in the findings of this research. Therefore, garlic has the most outstanding positive effect on diabetes and is recommended for people who are diabetic to feed on it or use it as food supplement.","PeriodicalId":417095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders","volume":"33 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116670554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactose-free Yogurts do not Show any Benefits for Lactose-Intolerant Subjects, Compared with Lactose- Containing Yogurts","authors":"Martin Gottel, Brittany Ghio, Daniel Márquez, Benjamín Peche, Franco Peña, Felipe Saavedra, Nicolas Palma, Constanza Cárcamo","doi":"10.37532/jfnd.2019.8(3).262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37532/jfnd.2019.8(3).262","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, there is constant increase of commercial lactose-free yogurts for lactose-intolerant individuals. However, the real interest of these yogurts is unclear considering that several clinical trials have shown that the living bacteria present in the yogurt improved lactose tolerance in hypolactasic subjects, due to their s-galactosidase activity that remains functional in the small intestine of these individuals. The aim of this study was to determine whether the intake of lactose-free yogurt (LFY) is beneficial for hypolactasic lactose-intolerant subjects compared with that of traditional, lactose-containing yogurt (LCY). Twenty-two subjects with auto-reported digestive symptoms after milk consumption carried out a hydrogen breath test (HBT) with 25g lactose to confirm their hypolactasic status. Fourteen subjects (63.6%) who exhibit a positive HBT accompanied by digestive symptoms were finally incorporated to the study. In two independent days, they have to ingest, in a double-blind and randomized form, 250g of LFY or LCY. These products brought 0.5g and 19.8g of lactose, respectively and both exhibited total counts of lactic acid bacteria higher than 107 CFU/g. Changes in breath H2 excretion and digestive symptoms were registered during 180 min. When the volunteers carried out the HBT with LFY and LCY, no differences were detected in H2 excretion or the intensity of digestive symptoms (individual or total). Accordingly, our results suggest than the intake of LFY that are more expensive than LCY, does not bring any supplementary detectable benefits for the lactose intolerant subjects.","PeriodicalId":417095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127796431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unhealthy Diet in Children with Cancer: A Case-Reference Study","authors":"A. Passariello","doi":"10.4172/2324-9323.1000260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2324-9323.1000260","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractObjective: To explore the dietary intake of a children’s cohort with cancer incomparison with an age-matched cohort of healthy children. \u0000MethodsWe enrolled children with a confirmed diagnosis of cancer (solid tumors, brain and blood malignancies) aged 1-18 years and agematched children as controls. A 3-days standardized food record was collected by a dietician blinded to the diagnosis. Differences of consumptions of nutrients were compared by parametric andnon-parametric tests, as appropriate. A multivariate discriminant analysis was used to identify the most effective nutrients to discriminate between the patients and controls.Results \u0000The diet of patients with solid tumors differed from that of the controls: they consumed a lower level of monounsaturated fats, a higher level of potential renal acid load and had a lower intake of vitamin E and B6. Children with blood malignancies showed greater differences with controls: they consumed lower quantities \u0000of calories, proteins, carbohydrates, monounsaturated fats, fibers and higher quantities of potential renal acid load and cholesterol. A multivariate analysis  iscriminated blood malignancy patients by controls, with 90% efficiency, by a lower intake of vitamin E, B6, saturated fats, starch and a higher intake of sodium andvitamin A. \u0000Conclusions \u0000This extensive analysis of nutrients showed imbalances from recommended dietary intake in children affected by cancer, with significantly less protective nutrients.","PeriodicalId":417095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food and Nutritional Disorders","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114909212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}