{"title":"Literaturverzeichnis","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":418970,"journal":{"name":"Technische Hochschulen: attraktive Arbeitsorte für Frauen und Männer?","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129477357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bisher erschienene Bände der Schriftenreihe des GuTZ","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":418970,"journal":{"name":"Technische Hochschulen: attraktive Arbeitsorte für Frauen und Männer?","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125059470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nutzen und Funktion von Organisationklimaanalysen","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":418970,"journal":{"name":"Technische Hochschulen: attraktive Arbeitsorte für Frauen und Männer?","volume":"608 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115108531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":418970,"journal":{"name":"Technische Hochschulen: attraktive Arbeitsorte für Frauen und Männer?","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130119827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Abbildungen","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":418970,"journal":{"name":"Technische Hochschulen: attraktive Arbeitsorte für Frauen und Männer?","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132359850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Karrieren an Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":418970,"journal":{"name":"Technische Hochschulen: attraktive Arbeitsorte für Frauen und Männer?","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124256224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acoustic emissions exhibit complex correlations between space, time, and magnitude and as such they present a unique example for a complex time series. We apply the recently introduced method of natural time analysis, which enables the detection of long-range temporal correlations even in the presence of heavy tails and find that the acoustic emissions exhibits features similar to that of other equilibrium or nonequilibrium critical systems such as the worldwide seismicity as presented in the Centennial earthquake catalogue which includes global seismicity event with magnitude Mw>7.0. It is recognized that earthquake is the failure of the focal earth matterial accompanied by a rapid release of moment. Similarly, the acoustic emissions (AEs) in a rock experiment, are elastic waves generated in conjunction with energy release during crack onset, propagation and internal deformations in rock’s body. Experiments of rock deformation are considered as a tool for understanding the occurrence of natural earthquakes [1]. Acoustic emission studies can give us an insight into the fracture network evolution processes that take place and provide us with the opportunity to develop laws suitable for testing at larger scales [1]. The latter could be useful in understanding earthquake mechanisms and may contribute to solving the problem of earthquake prediction [2]. Fracturing is one of the most important examples of a complex process in heterogeneous materials involving a wide range of time and length scales, from the microto the structural scale. This process is governed by the nucleation, growth and coalescence of microcracks, eventually leading to failure. In this context, fracture can be seen as the outcome of the irreversible dynamics of a long-range interacting, disordered system. [3] During rock deformation, energy released as high-frequency AE from microfractures within the sample. These emissions provide a passive indicator of the progression of inelastic damage, during the approach to failure. Characterisation of the sources that produce AE can provide us with an insight into the microscopic processes that are involved in the initiation and coalescence of damage within a loaded rock sample. Laboratory AE exhibit some remarkable similarities with large scale seismological events and earthquake physics, such as power law, frequency–magnitude distributions and Omori law aftershock behaviour [4-6]. Monitoring and characterisation of AE during experiments can improve our understanding of a wide range of processes, including fault asperity rupture and volcano–seismic events [7-9]. Recently this spatio-temporal similarity has been views in the frame of non-extensive statistical physics [10] in addition to the views where brittle fracture has been associated with a first –order transition [11-13] or to a critical point phenomenon [14]. We note that both the aforementioned approaches lead to power-law distributions since second-order transitions present scaling
前人的研究表明，本研究中使用的埃特纳玄武岩中存在普遍存在的微裂缝网络，微裂缝网络呈相对各向同性分布，新的、膨胀的微裂缝会出现，其长轴平行于σ1方向。图1a显示了在地震中定义的ae震级与时间的关系。我们观察到声发射主要发生在变形的最后阶段，与文献[7-9]一致，脆性岩石在三轴变形的最后阶段往往会出现快速加速破坏，伴随着声发射活动的快速增加。箭头A和B之间的记录(图1a)跨越了裂纹扩展和动态破坏的时期，用于分析自然时间的声发射。如[7-9]所述，在A-B周期内，微裂纹在样品的右下方出现成核，然后传播到样品的左上方，整个实验的大部分总声发射活动都包含在这一周期内。如图1c所示，在A-B期间，声发射簇沿对角线在整个样本中传播。复杂系统的自然时间分析首先在[16]中提出，[18]中详细介绍。本文总结了自然时分析在声发射数据中的应用。在由N个声发射组成的时间序列中，自然时间χ作为k事件发生的指标，定义为χk = k/N。对于声发射的分析，考虑对(χk, Mk)，其中Mk是k事件期间释放的地震矩。考虑到(χk, Mk)的演化，定义连续函数F(ω)为:F ω = Mk N k=1 exp iω k N(1)，其中ω = 2πφ， φ表示固有频率。我们归一化F(ω)除以F(0) Φ ω = Mk N k=1 exp iω k N Mn N N =1 = pk N k=1 exp iω k N(2)其中pk = Mk Mn N N =1。量pk描述在自然时间观测到声学事件的概率χk。由式(2)可得到归一化功率谱:Π ω = |Φ(ω)|。对于固有频率φ小于0.5，Π(ω)或Φ(ω)可简化为概率论中概率分布pk的特征函数。已经证明了下列关系成立:Π ω = 18 5ω2−6 cos ω 5ω2−12 sin ω 5ω3(3)根据概率论，一旦分布的特征函数的行为在零附近已知，分布的矩和分布本身就可以近似地确定。对于ω→0，(3)得到:Π ω≈1 - κ1ω 2(4)，其中κ1是自然时间的方差，为κ1 = χ 2−χ 2 = pk N k=1 χk 2−pk N k=1 χk 2(5)。基于三个重要发现，已提出将κ1作为地震活跃性的序参量:(a)一旦发生最终断裂(即在有地震活动的情况下发生强烈地震)，数量κ1的获取值就会突然改变，非常接近于零;(b)通过使用其比例概率分布函数的事件目录研究κ1的波动时，会出现一条通用曲线;(c)所得的通用曲线显示出与在其他平衡和非平衡临界系统中观察到的波动相似。利用长度为l的滑动自然时窗研究由W事件组成的声发射目录，并考察从k = k0开始的窗口，定义了物理量pj = Mk0−j−1/ Mk0+m−1 l m=1，得到了平均值μj =: μj =1 W−l+1 Mk0+j−1 Mk0+m−1 l m=1 W−l+1 k0=1。Var pj = 1 W−l + 1 Mk0 + j−1 Mk0 + m l m = 1−−1μj 2 W−l + 1 k0 = 1,而协方差(18、21)计算表达式:浸pj,π= 1 W−l + 1 Mk0 + j−1 Mk0 + m l m = 1−−1μj W−l + 1 k0 = 1×Mk0 + i−1 Mk0 + m l m = 1−−1μ然后我的期望价值κ1(18、21)表示为:Eκ1 = 1 W−l + 1 j l 2 Mk0 + j−1 Mk0 + m−1 l m = 1−j l Mk0 +−1 Mk0 + m−1 l m = 1 l j = 1 2 l = 1 W−l + 1 k0 = 1(7)从W−l获得+ 1的窗户声排放目录和由:Eκ1 =κ1 m +。l i=j+1 l−1 j=1 j−1 2 l2 Cov pj, pi(8)，其中κ1,M为由式(5)将μk代入pk，[21]得到的值。自然时分析通过比较原始声发射序列的E κ1值与使用许多随机打乱的原始声发射目录时得到的E(κ1,shuf h)的分布，可以识别和量化与地震活动性[21]相似物质的声发射目录中的震级相关性。根据后一种方法，我们考虑原始AEs目录的随机洗牌副本，期望所有pj与j无关，因此μj= 1/l。 已经证明，在随机洗发复制情况的集合中，κ1的期望值E(κ1,shuf)表示为:E(κ1,shuf) = κu 1−1 l2−κu 1 + 1 Var p(8)，其中κu = 1/12对应于均匀分布，Var(p)为(p)的期望值
{"title":"Abstract","authors":"F. Vallianatos, G. Michas","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.3","url":null,"abstract":"Acoustic emissions exhibit complex correlations between space, time, and magnitude and as such they present a unique example for a complex time series. We apply the recently introduced method of natural time analysis, which enables the detection of long-range temporal correlations even in the presence of heavy tails and find that the acoustic emissions exhibits features similar to that of other equilibrium or nonequilibrium critical systems such as the worldwide seismicity as presented in the Centennial earthquake catalogue which includes global seismicity event with magnitude Mw>7.0. It is recognized that earthquake is the failure of the focal earth matterial accompanied by a rapid release of moment. Similarly, the acoustic emissions (AEs) in a rock experiment, are elastic waves generated in conjunction with energy release during crack onset, propagation and internal deformations in rock’s body. Experiments of rock deformation are considered as a tool for understanding the occurrence of natural earthquakes [1]. Acoustic emission studies can give us an insight into the fracture network evolution processes that take place and provide us with the opportunity to develop laws suitable for testing at larger scales [1]. The latter could be useful in understanding earthquake mechanisms and may contribute to solving the problem of earthquake prediction [2]. Fracturing is one of the most important examples of a complex process in heterogeneous materials involving a wide range of time and length scales, from the microto the structural scale. This process is governed by the nucleation, growth and coalescence of microcracks, eventually leading to failure. In this context, fracture can be seen as the outcome of the irreversible dynamics of a long-range interacting, disordered system. [3] During rock deformation, energy released as high-frequency AE from microfractures within the sample. These emissions provide a passive indicator of the progression of inelastic damage, during the approach to failure. Characterisation of the sources that produce AE can provide us with an insight into the microscopic processes that are involved in the initiation and coalescence of damage within a loaded rock sample. Laboratory AE exhibit some remarkable similarities with large scale seismological events and earthquake physics, such as power law, frequency–magnitude distributions and Omori law aftershock behaviour [4-6]. Monitoring and characterisation of AE during experiments can improve our understanding of a wide range of processes, including fault asperity rupture and volcano–seismic events [7-9]. Recently this spatio-temporal similarity has been views in the frame of non-extensive statistical physics [10] in addition to the views where brittle fracture has been associated with a first –order transition [11-13] or to a critical point phenomenon [14]. We note that both the aforementioned approaches lead to power-law distributions since second-order transitions present scaling","PeriodicalId":418970,"journal":{"name":"Technische Hochschulen: attraktive Arbeitsorte für Frauen und Männer?","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130828640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wirkmächtige Geschlechterstereotypien","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":418970,"journal":{"name":"Technische Hochschulen: attraktive Arbeitsorte für Frauen und Männer?","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131029942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Einleitung","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":418970,"journal":{"name":"Technische Hochschulen: attraktive Arbeitsorte für Frauen und Männer?","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134473719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organisationsklimaanalyse an der Beuth Hochschule für Technik","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13pk8vd.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":418970,"journal":{"name":"Technische Hochschulen: attraktive Arbeitsorte für Frauen und Männer?","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134503928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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