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ESTIMATION OF FUTURE POPULATION AND WATER DEMAND OF URBAN CENTERS OF INDIA: A CASE STUDY OF JAIPUR CITY 印度城市中心未来人口与用水需求估算:以斋浦尔市为例
Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.46587/jgr.2023.v09i02.012
K. Anamika, Chilka Sharma
The rapid urbanization and population growth in India have led to increased pressure on water resources in urban centers. As one of the fastest-growing cities in the country, Jaipur is facing significant challenges in meeting the water demands of its expanding population. Therefore, it is crucial to estimate the future population and water demand of Jaipur city to develop effective strategies for sustainable water management. This case study aims to estimate the future population and water demand of Jaipur city using a comprehensive analysis of demographic and water consumption trends. The study utilizes a combination of statistical methods, demographic projections, and water demand modeling techniques to provide a holistic understanding of the city's future water requirements. The results of this case study provide valuable insights into the future population growth and water demand trends of Jaipur city. The findings can assist urban planners, policymakers, and water resource managers in formulating effective strategies for sustainable water management and infrastructure development. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating future population growth projections and water demand estimations into long-term urban planning processes. This case study contributes to the understanding of the challenges posed by population growth and urbanization on water resources in India, using Jaipur city as a specific example. The estimation of future population and water demand serves as a foundation for developing proactive measures to ensure adequate water supply and sustainable urban development in the face of increasing demand and limited resources
印度快速的城市化和人口增长导致城市中心水资源压力增加。作为印度发展最快的城市之一,斋浦尔在满足其不断增长的人口对水的需求方面面临着重大挑战。因此,对斋浦尔市未来的人口和水需求进行估算,以制定有效的可持续水管理策略至关重要。本案例研究旨在通过对斋浦尔市人口和水消费趋势的综合分析来估计未来的人口和水需求。该研究结合了统计方法、人口预测和用水需求建模技术,全面了解了城市未来的用水需求。本案例研究的结果为斋浦尔市未来的人口增长和水需求趋势提供了有价值的见解。研究结果可以帮助城市规划者、决策者和水资源管理者制定有效的可持续水资源管理和基础设施发展战略。该研究强调了将未来人口增长预测和水需求估计纳入长期城市规划过程的重要性。本案例研究以斋浦尔市为例,有助于理解人口增长和城市化对印度水资源带来的挑战。对未来人口和水需求的估计是制定积极措施的基础,以便在需求增加和资源有限的情况下确保充足的水供应和可持续的城市发展
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引用次数: 0
EXPOSURE TO BIOMASS FUEL SMOKE AND RISK OF CHILD MORBIDITY: AN ANALYSIS ON SOUTH AND SOUTH-EAST ASIAN COUNTRIES 接触生物质燃料烟雾和儿童发病风险:南亚和东南亚国家分析
Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.46587/jgr.2023.v09i02.003
Labhita Das, K. C. Das, A. Jaiswal
Around 03 billion people still cook using biomass fuels, these cooking practices are hazardous and produce a wide range of health-damaging pollutants causing high level household air pollution. Most of these people using solid fuels belong to lower wealth quintile household and resides in low and middle-income countries. The women and young children who spend most of their time near the domestic hearth are comparatively more exposed to toxic amount of household air pollutants every day. The current study compares the scenario of child respiratory health; assessing the occurrence of ARI and cough among children aged under five in South and Southeast Asian countries. The current study is comprised of analysis of Demographic Health Survey data for Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Cambodia, Bangladesh and Philippines. A comparative study was conducted between the selected countries. The differences in categorical variables were tested using Pearson’s χ2 Statistics, since both treatment and outcome variable in the study are binomial, a simultaneous equation was used (probit regression model). The results indicated that there is an increased likelihood of occurrence of ARI and cough among children aged under five belonging to the households using solid fuel in the selected South and Southeast Asian countries
约有30亿人仍在使用生物质燃料烹饪,这些烹饪做法是危险的,并产生各种有害健康的污染物,造成严重的家庭空气污染。这些使用固体燃料的人大多属于较低财富五分之一家庭,居住在低收入和中等收入国家。妇女和儿童大部分时间都在灶台附近,每天暴露在有毒的家庭空气污染物中相对较多。目前的研究比较了儿童呼吸健康的情况;评估南亚和东南亚国家五岁以下儿童急性呼吸道感染和咳嗽的发生情况。目前的研究包括对阿富汗、印度、尼泊尔、柬埔寨、孟加拉国和菲律宾的人口健康调查数据的分析。在选定的国家之间进行了比较研究。分类变量的差异采用Pearson χ2统计进行检验,由于本研究中治疗变量和结局变量均为二项,故采用联立方程(probit回归模型)。结果表明,在选定的南亚和东南亚国家,使用固体燃料的家庭中五岁以下儿童发生急性呼吸道感染和咳嗽的可能性增加
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引用次数: 0
MITIGATING THE CLIMATE IMPACTS OF WATER SCARCITY THROUGH ‘THE GREEN PROJECT’ IN CENTRAL INDIAN REGION, NAGPUR DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA 通过印度中部马哈拉施特拉邦那格浦尔地区的“绿色项目”减轻水资源短缺对气候的影响
Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.46587/jgr.2023.v09i02.005
Nilesh Mankar
“The Green Project” is an environment-friendly and sustainable method for achieving a clean and green environment. Based on the preliminary qualitative findings, the system will address a set of issues rising due to extreme climate induced conditions like water scarcity, increased temperatures, impact on services and availability of water without contamination and an alternative to the artificial energy. The project perfectly aligns with the mitigation expectations under the SDGs agenda including building a resilient community across service seekers and providers as well as meeting the basic rights
“绿色工程”是一种环保和可持续的方法,以实现清洁和绿色的环境。根据初步的定性研究结果,该系统将解决一系列由极端气候引发的问题,如缺水、温度升高、对服务的影响、无污染水的可用性以及人工能源的替代品。该项目完全符合可持续发展目标议程下的缓解预期,包括在服务寻求者和提供者之间建立一个有复原力的社区,以及实现基本权利
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引用次数: 0
MICRO-REGIONAL DISPARITIES AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABILITY IN SINGRAULI DISTRICT (MADHYA PRADESH): A VILLAGE LEVEL STUDY 中央邦singruli区的微观区域差异和人口变化:一项村级研究
Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.46587/jgr.2023.v09i02.006
P. Sharma, K. Chouhan
Demographic variability and micro-regional disparities are two important concepts in the study of population and development. Demographic variability refers to changes in the size, structure, and composition of a population over time, which are influenced by birth and death rates, migration patterns, and other factors. Micro-regional disparities, on the other hand, refer to the unequal distribution of economic, social, and environmental resources within a small geographic area. These disparities can lead to unequal outcomes for different population groups and negatively impact their quality of life. Understanding the interplay between demographic variability and microregional disparities is essential for developing effective policies and programs aimed at promoting equitable and sustainable development. The purpose of this study to analyse the micro-regional disparities and demographic variability in the demographic development across 727 inhabited villages and 17 are un-inhabited/forest villages of Singrauli district of Madhya Pradesh, 2011. The study is mainly based on secondary sources of data collected from various sources like, the District Census Handbook, 2011 and official websites of the government of Madhya Pradesh. To examine the status of demographic variability and the level of demographic development in the study area, have been applied the composite index (CI) method by considering 10 indicators at the village level. The study reveals that the villages of Singrauli district have huge microregional disparity and demographic variability and it is classified into various levels.
人口变异和微观区域差异是人口与发展研究中的两个重要概念。人口变异性是指受出生率和死亡率、迁移模式和其他因素影响的人口规模、结构和组成随时间的变化。另一方面,微观区域差异是指经济、社会和环境资源在一个小地理区域内的不平等分布。这些差异可能导致不同人口群体的结果不平等,并对他们的生活质量产生负面影响。了解人口变化与微观区域差异之间的相互作用,对于制定有效的政策和方案,促进公平和可持续发展至关重要。本研究的目的是分析2011年中央邦singruli地区727个有人居住村庄和17个无人居住/森林村庄的人口发展中的微观区域差异和人口变异。该研究主要基于从各种来源收集的二手数据,如2011年的《地区人口普查手册》和中央邦政府的官方网站。为考察研究区人口变异性状况和人口发展水平,采用综合指数法(CI)对10个村级指标进行综合考虑。研究表明,singruli地区的村庄存在着巨大的微观区域差异和人口变异性,并被划分为不同的等级。
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引用次数: 0
AN EFFECT OF INOCULATED SEWAGE WATER ON THE SKIN AND ALIMENTARY CANAL OF GAMBUSIA AFFINE 接种污水对赤体鼠皮肤及消化道的影响
Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.46587/jgr.2023.v09i02.013
Monika Jangir
Inoculating sewage water onto Gambusia relative can make both positive and adverse consequences. On the positive side, it can give supplements to the fish, including nitrogen, phosphorus, and other fundamental components. Also, the microscopic organisms in the sewage water can assist with lessening how much alkali and different poisons are in the water. This can be valuable to the fish by assisting with keeping the water spotless and sound. On the negative side, the microorganisms in the sewage water can be pathogenic, implying that they can cause sickness or disease. In addition, the sewage water might contain different impurities, for example, weighty metals, which can be harmful to the fish. Also, the microscopic organisms in the sewage water can make disturbance and irritation the skin and nutritious channels of the fish. This can be entirely awkward for the fish, and it might be deadly if not tended to rapidly.
将污水接种到赤霉病属植物上可以产生积极和消极的影响。从积极的方面来说,它可以给鱼补充营养,包括氮、磷和其他基本成分。此外,污水中的微生物可以帮助减少水中碱和各种毒物的含量。这对鱼来说是很有价值的,因为它有助于保持水的一尘不染和健康。消极的一面是,污水中的微生物可能是致病的,这意味着它们可以引起疾病或疾病。此外,污水可能含有不同的杂质,例如重金属,这可能对鱼类有害。此外,污水中的微生物会对鱼类的皮肤和营养渠道产生干扰和刺激。这对鱼来说是非常尴尬的,如果不迅速处理,可能会致命。
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引用次数: 0
GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF SANITATION AND PERSONAL HYGIENE IN HARYANA: A CASE STUDY OF JIND DISTRICT, HARYANA 哈里亚纳邦环境卫生和个人卫生的地理分析:以哈里亚纳邦金德区为例
Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.46587/jgr.2023.v09i02.015
Manjit ., R. -
Having the quality of sanitation makes man a social animal. Clean habitat, clean living habits save man from various diseases. Sanitation is the main part of the culture in India. Mahatma Gandhi has been given special importance on sanitation. At present, the Prime Minister of India has given a special intention to the Ganga cleaning campaign and swachh Bharat mission. Many programs are run for the sanitation of India. Many campaigns have been started in Haryana for the purpose of sanitation and to make the Swachh Bharat mission successful. In this study an attempt has been made to know the importance of sanitation and the status of sanitation in the context of Jind district. Through this research, the sanitation related habits of the people of rural areas of Jind have been ascertained, and it represented through simple tables. In this research, primary data has been collected and information has been taken from each respondent by simple random sampling. By the help of this data status of sanitation and personal hygiene of Jind district has been shown.
拥有卫生条件使人成为社会动物。清洁的栖息地,清洁的生活习惯使人类免于各种疾病。卫生是印度文化的主要组成部分。圣雄甘地特别重视卫生问题。目前,印度总理对恒河清洁运动和清洁巴拉特任务给予了特别的关注。许多项目都是为了印度的卫生而开展的。在哈里亚纳邦开展了许多运动,目的是改善卫生条件,并使“清洁印度”任务取得成功。在本研究中,试图了解卫生的重要性和卫生状况在金德区的背景下。通过本研究,了解了晋晋市农村居民的卫生习惯,并通过简单的表格表示。在本研究中,收集了原始数据,并通过简单的随机抽样从每个受访者中获取信息。通过该数据显示了金德区环境卫生和个人卫生状况。
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引用次数: 0
SPATIO-TEMPORAL DIFFERENTIATION AND FUTURE TRENDS ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN HATHRAS DISTRICT, UTTAR PRADESH 北方邦哈特拉斯地区农业生产力时空分异及未来趋势分析
Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.46587/jgr.2023.v09i02.001
M. Ahmad, Pasarul Islam, E. Bano
The agriculture sector has gone through different phases of growth, embracing a wide variety of institutional interventions, technology and policy regimes in India. It is important to assess whether the past, present and future trends of agricultural productivity are compatible with the growing demand of people. This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal differentiation and future trends of agricultural productivity in Hathras district, Uttar Pradesh. This study is based on secondary sources of data for the period 2000-01 and 2014-15. Yang’s Crop Yield Index (CYI), Standard Deviation (SD) and Data Projection techniques have been used in this work. The study reveals that the whole district has made reasonable enhancements in their agricultural productivity from 2000-01 to 2014-15 which are varied over space and time. The future trends of agricultural productivity for the year 2030-31 indicate that the study area has continuously boosted its productivity since 2000-01. It concludes that the problems which are needed to address are accessibility, invention, and equal delivery mechanism of government-sponsored schemes, programs, policies and projects like irrigation, capacity building programs, farmer sensitization issues and others.
在印度,农业部门经历了不同的增长阶段,采用了各种各样的机构干预、技术和政策制度。重要的是要评估农业生产力的过去、现在和未来趋势是否与人民日益增长的需求相适应。本文分析了印度北方邦哈特拉斯地区农业生产力的时空分分性和未来趋势。本研究基于2000-01年和2014-15年期间的二手数据来源。本研究采用了杨氏作物产量指数(CYI)、标准差(SD)和数据投影技术。研究表明:2000-01 ~ 2014-15年间,全区农业生产力均有合理提升,且在时空上存在差异。2030-31年农业生产力的未来趋势表明,研究区自2000-01年以来农业生产力持续提高。报告的结论是,需要解决的问题是政府资助的计划、项目、政策和项目(如灌溉、能力建设项目、农民敏感问题等)的可及性、创新和平等交付机制。
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引用次数: 0
STATUS OF URBAN HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE TO COMBAT COVID-19 IN BIRBHUM DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL 西孟加拉邦birbhum地区应对COVID-19的城市卫生基础设施状况
Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.46587/jgr.2023.v09i02.014
Mahuya Sen
The outbreak of Covid-19 was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 31st January, 2020. Every country can take at national, sub regional and local levels to reorganize essential health services in the pandemic context and maintain a safe access to every citizen. To deal with this catastrophic Corona Virus India is making preparedness with its high urban population density, deficiency in hygiene and sanitation facilities and most crucially insufficient treatment capacity. The first 2000 cases were reported in 56 days. The next 2000 in 15 days and the next 2000 cases in a week. According to the data released by the state health department, West Bengal took just 5 days from June 3 rd to June 7th to register the next 2000 cases. Till Tuesday (9th June) total cases in the state stood at 8985. With increased number of testing and the entry of migrant labourers, there was a sudden spike in the number of cases. The returning migrant workers from the highly infected zones after an unplanned lockdown delivers a major catastrophe at our doorstep. The objective of the study is to focus on the arrangement of health services for this disaster in Birbhum District, West Bengal. According to the direction of the Bengal health department, separate hospitals for Covid-19 patients are to be set up in each district in order to arrange a local set-up before the contamination expands into the community transmission stage.
2019冠状病毒病疫情于2020年1月31日被宣布为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件。每个国家都可以在国家、分区域和地方各级采取措施,在大流行背景下重组基本卫生服务,并确保每个公民都能安全获得服务。为了应对这一灾难性的冠状病毒,印度正在做好准备,其城市人口密度高,卫生和环境卫生设施不足,最重要的是治疗能力不足。在56天内报告了首批2000例病例。接下来的2000个病例在15天内,接下来的2000个病例在一周内。根据邦卫生部门公布的数据,西孟加拉邦从6月3日到6月7日仅用了5天时间就登记了接下来的2000例病例。截至周二(6月9日),该州的病例总数为8985例。随着检测数量的增加和外来务工人员的进入,病例数量突然激增。在意外封锁后从高感染区返回的移民工人在我们家门口带来了一场重大灾难。这项研究的目的是把重点放在西孟加拉邦Birbhum区的这次灾难的保健服务安排上。根据孟加拉卫生部门的指示,将在每个地区为Covid-19患者建立单独的医院,以便在污染扩大到社区传播阶段之前安排当地设施。
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引用次数: 0
VULNERABILITIES OF CHILD LABOUR MIGRANTS IN RURAL AREA OF DUNGARPUR DISTRICT, RAJASTHAN 拉贾斯坦邦邓加尔普尔农村地区童工移民的脆弱性
Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.46587/jgr.2023.v09i02.011
Savitri Patidar
The intent of this study is to concentrate on the rising rate of migration among tribal children in the Dungrpur District. Migration of children for labour has been an increasing cause of concern. Both primary and secondary data have been used at the level of villages to highlight the problem at hand. Migration, which accounts of 56 percent of the aggregate income in this area, is the main source of income for households. Tribes and non-tribe people migrate from the district in search of employment because it seems impoverished. In this paper looks at the circumstances surrounding the migration of children into the district's rural areas for work. Additionally, the locations of migrants' final destinations, their working environments, and the challenges that these migrants' children encounter with their schooling were highlighted. Results from primary and secondary sources comes out that in search of employment in the BT cotton fields, brick manufacturing, construction, hotels, Dhabas, and tea-stoles. Numerous individuals physically and mentally harass them at their place of employment. At destinations, these children become extremely vulnerable. They experience numerous illnesses as children and lose their childhood without any fun. This issue is so serious that the government wants to implement some measures to stop this kind of migration in the Dungarpur district.
本研究的目的是集中研究邓格普尔地区部落儿童移民率上升的问题。儿童移徙从事劳动日益引起人们的关注。在村庄一级使用了初级和二级数据,以突出当前的问题。移民占该地区总收入的56%,是家庭收入的主要来源。部落和非部落的人从这个地区迁移出去寻找工作,因为这个地区看起来很贫穷。在本文中,着眼于围绕儿童迁移到该地区的农村地区工作的情况。此外,还强调了移民最终目的地的地点、他们的工作环境以及这些移民子女在上学过程中遇到的挑战。第一手和第二手资料显示,在BT棉田、制砖、建筑、酒店、Dhabas和茶馆寻找就业机会。许多人在他们的工作地点对他们进行身体和精神上的骚扰。在目的地,这些孩子变得极其脆弱。他们小时候经历了许多疾病,失去了没有任何乐趣的童年。这个问题是如此严重,以至于政府想要实施一些措施来阻止邓加尔普尔地区的这种移民。
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引用次数: 0
PROMOTING RAINFED POND FOR THE TOWN’S WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY OF THE SOUTH-WEST COASTAL REGION IN BANGLADESH 促进城镇供水系统的雨养池塘:孟加拉国西南沿海地区的案例研究
Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.46587/jgr.2023.v09i02.008
M. Hossain, Ghulam Murtaza
Bangladesh’s coastal area is vulnerable to the changing climatic condition because of its geographic location and low-lying topography, and this vulnerability has been acute due to reducing upland flow during dry periods and sea level rise contributing to saline intrusion and inundation of coastal freshwater resources. Over the past 25 years, salinity intrusion in Bangladesh has increased by about 26 percent with the affected areas expanding each year. According to a study by World Bank in 2014, climate change is likely to further increase river and groundwater salinity dramatically by 2050 and exacerbate shortages of drinking water in the southwest coastal areas. Because of the salinity of both groundwater and surface water in the Mongla port municipality area, compound river water and rainfed pond water became the main source of drinking water here. Currently, Mongla Port municipality located in the coastal belt is supplying water to town dwellers by pipeline with a water treatment system taking raw water from both harvested rainwater and a limited period of river water through ponds. From physical observation, focus group discussion with water users, and interaction with key information providers, the study team assessed the quantity of water against the demand and also analyzed the quality of water both are satisfied. By using secondary data, the study team also analyzed the Mongla River’s water salinity and rainfall intensity for assessing its long-run feasibility of it. The result of the study on Mongla Port municipality’s water supply shows that it is a well-functional system, that could be replicated in another coastal area as it is a nature-based solution which makes the people and authority adapt it easily with keeping well-functioning
由于其地理位置和低洼地形,孟加拉国沿海地区容易受到气候条件变化的影响,由于干旱时期高地流量减少和海平面上升导致盐水入侵和沿海淡水资源淹没,这种脆弱性变得更加严重。在过去的25年里,孟加拉国的盐度入侵增加了约26%,受影响的地区每年都在扩大。根据世界银行2014年的一项研究,到2050年,气候变化可能会进一步大幅增加河流和地下水的盐度,并加剧西南沿海地区的饮用水短缺。由于蒙拉港区地下水和地表水的含盐量较高,复合河水和雨养塘水成为该区饮用水的主要来源。目前,位于沿海地带的勐拉港市通过管道向城镇居民供水,水处理系统从收集的雨水和通过池塘的有限时间的河水中提取原水。通过实地观察、与用水者的焦点小组讨论以及与关键信息提供者的互动,研究小组评估了水量与需求之间的关系,并分析了水质与需求之间的关系。研究小组还利用二手资料,分析了勐拉河的盐度和降雨强度,以评估其长期可行性。对勐拉港务局供水系统的研究结果表明,这是一个功能良好的系统,可以在另一个沿海地区复制,因为它是一个基于自然的解决方案,使人们和当局很容易适应它,保持良好的运行
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Global Resources
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