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A Study on Behavior Characteristics of Reinforcement Zone of Block Type Mechanically Stabilized E arth Wall by F ield Measurement in Curved Section 块式机械稳定E型土墙弯曲截面配筋区特性的场测量研究
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12814/JKGSS.2019.18.2.023
Lee Soyen, Young-Je Kim, D. Oh, Y. Lee, Hyuk-sang Jung
In this paper, field measurement of the Block Type Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE) wall curved section was performed, and the reinforced area of the curved part is studied through the result. MSE method has been applied to various fields because of easy construction and excellent economic efficiency, so that it can be easily access in our life. However due to lack of compaction and stress concentration phenomenon, cracks and collapse occur in the curve of MSE wall, which is important for safety. The cause of collapse is lack of research on curved section, lack of design criteria, lack of construction due to economical efficiency and shortening of construction period, insufficient compaction space. In this study, therefore, it was examined the existing design and construction standards, analyzed the cause through accident examples of the curved section of the Block Type MSE wall. As a result, the horizontal displacement of the curved section was 90% higher than that of the straight section and 60% higher than that of the concave section. In the case of the convex section in the curved section reinforcement region, the maximum displacement is shown in the H/2 section in the horizontal direction from the center of the MSE wall, and the range of influence from H is shown. In the case of the concave section, the maximum displacement is shown in the center, The minimum displacement was confirmed in H/4 section in the horizontal direction from the center of the MSE wall. As a basic study on the reinforcement area rehabilitation through the actual construction of block type MSE wall, the behaviors of the straight part and the curved part were compared and analyzed. And analyzed the reinforced area in order to reduce the damage of the stress concentration phenomenon and secure the safety.
本文对块式机械稳定土(MSE)墙体弯曲截面进行了现场实测,并通过实测结果对弯曲部分的加固面积进行了研究。MSE法由于施工简便、经济效益优异,已被广泛应用于各个领域,在我们的生活中得到了广泛的应用。然而,由于缺乏压实和应力集中现象,MSE墙体曲线出现裂缝和倒塌,这对安全至关重要。导致坍塌的原因主要有:对曲线断面研究不足、设计规范缺乏、施工考虑经济性和缩短工期不足、压实空间不足等。因此,本研究对现有的设计和施工标准进行了审查,并通过砌块式MSE墙体弯曲截面的事故实例分析了原因。结果表明,弯曲截面的水平位移比直线截面高90%,比凹截面高60%。对于弯曲截面加固区域的凸截面,从MSE墙中心向水平方向的H/2截面显示最大位移,并显示H的影响范围。在凹截面情况下,最大位移显示在中心,最小位移确定在H/4截面从MSE壁中心向水平方向。通过砌块式MSE墙体的实际施工对加固区域进行修复的基础研究,对其直线部分和弯曲部分的性能进行了比较分析。并对加固区域进行了分析,以减少应力集中现象的破坏,确保安全。
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引用次数: 1
A Study on the Open Cut Restoration of Underground Cavity Using Concrete Mat 利用混凝土垫块进行地下空腔露天修复的研究
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12814/JKGSS.2019.18.1.055
Jeongjun Park, H. Shin, Yoonseok Chung, S. You, G. Hong
This paper describes results of experimental and numerical analyses, in order to analyze a reinforcement effect of concrete mat on open cut restoration of underground cavity. The plate loading tests were conducted to evaluate a reinforcement effect of concrete mat, at reinforcement depths from the ground surface of 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm. The result showed that the reduction ratio of stress (earth pressure) was about 60% at all reinforcement depth. The reinforcement effect considering ground surface settlement and reduction ratio of stress based on laboratory tests and numerical analysis was significant, at reinforcement depths from the ground surface of 10 cm∼20 cm. LFWD test results showed that subgrade modulus was the largest when concrete mat was installed 20 cm below ground surface. Therefore, it is effective to reinforce concrete mat within 20 cm from the surface, when the underground cavity due to damage of underground utilities was formed in the height direction to the bottom of the pavement layer.
本文通过试验和数值分析,分析了混凝土垫块对地下空腔露天修复的加固效果。在距地面10 cm、20 cm和30 cm的钢筋深度处进行了钢板加载试验,以评估混凝土垫块的加固效果。结果表明,在各加固深度,应力(土压力)减小率约为60%。在距地表10 cm ~ 20 cm的加固深度处,基于室内试验和数值分析的考虑地表沉降和应力折减比的加固效果显著。LFWD试验结果表明,当混凝土垫块安装在地表以下20 cm时,路基模量最大。因此,在至路面底层高度方向上,由于地下公用设施破坏而形成地下空腔时,在距地表20 cm范围内进行混凝土垫层加固是有效的。
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引用次数: 1
An Experimental Study on Bearing Capacity of Drilled Shaft with Mid-size 中等尺寸钻孔井承载力试验研究
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12814/JKGSS.2019.18.4.263
K. Lee, S. You, Jeongjun Park, Jung-Mann Yun, G. Hong
This paper describes the results of bearing capacity using field loading test of pile, in order to extend the applicability of drilled shaft with mid-size, and the results were compared with the prediction results of design bearing capacity by empirical formular. The static load test result showed that the allowable bearing capacity of high pile strength was about 2.4 times higher than that of low pile strength. The dynamic load test result showed that the allowable bearing capacity of high pile strength was about 1.4 times∼1.5 times higher than that of low pile strength. The comparison result of allowable bearing capacity between static and dynamic load test showed that the difference of allowable load ranged from 3% to 6% under the same settlement conditions. As a result of comparing the ultimate bearing capacity by load test and design bearing capacity, it was found that the FHWA proposed equation could be more reasonable than the other proposed equation in load sharing ratios of end bearing and skin friction.
为了扩大中等尺寸钻孔井的适用性,本文采用现场荷载试验方法对桩的承载力进行了分析,并与经验公式计算的设计承载力预测结果进行了比较。静载试验结果表明,高强度桩的许用承载力约为低强度桩的2.4倍。动载试验结果表明,高强度桩的容许承载力比低强度桩的容许承载力约高1.4 ~ 1.5倍。静、动荷载试验的许用承载力对比结果表明,在相同沉降条件下,许用荷载的差异在3% ~ 6%之间。通过荷载试验极限承载力与设计极限承载力的比较,发现FHWA提出的方程在端部承载分担比和表面摩擦分担比上比其他提出的方程更为合理。
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引用次数: 1
Scour Characteristics of Artificial Reef through Experiment and Numerical Analysis 人工鱼礁冲刷特性试验与数值分析
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12814/JKGSS.2019.18.3.023
Daeho Yun, Yuntae Kim
This study investigated the scour characteristics of artificial reef according to unreinforced and reinforced artificial reefs through laboratory test and numerical analysis. In this study, geogrid was used as a reinforcement of seabed. Three different reinforced areas were selected; one time, three times and five times bottom area of artificial reef. Two-dimensional water channel test was carried out to investigate scour patten of sand and silt grounds. Numerical analysis was also performed to see the velocity vector and scouring patten around artificial reef which was same condition with experiment. The numerical results were in good agreements with the experimental test results. It was found that the geogrid-installed soft ground under artificial reef tends to reduce scour, compared to unreinforced soft ground.
通过室内试验和数值分析,对未加筋和加筋人工鱼礁的冲刷特性进行了研究。在本研究中,土工格栅被用作海底的加固。选择了三个不同的加固区域;人工礁底面积的1倍、3倍、5倍。采用二维水道试验研究了砂土和粉土地基的冲刷规律。对人工鱼礁周围的速度矢量和冲刷模式进行了数值分析,结果与实验结果一致。数值计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。研究发现,人工礁下加装土工格栅的软土地基与未加装土工格栅的软土地基相比,有减小冲刷的趋势。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Bearing Capacity of Rock Socketed Pre-Bored Super Strength Piles Based on Dynamic Load Test Results 基于动载试验结果的嵌岩预钻超强桩承载力分析
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12814/JKGSS.2019.18.3.089
Rak-Young Kim, Dongwook Kim
The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of bearing capacity of pre-bored super strength PHC (SSPHC) piles socketed in rocks based on dynamic load test results. Because the SSPHC piles have high compressive concrete strengths compared with those of regular high strength PHC piles, the allowable structural strengths of the SSPHC piles were increased. For optimal design of the super strength PHC piles, the geotechnical bearing capacity of the SSPHC piles should also increased to balance the increased allowable structural strength of the SSPHC piles. Current practices of pile installation apply the same amount of driving energy on both SSPHC and high strength PHC piles. As results of analyzing factors that influence bearing strength of SSPHC piles using dynamic load test, there was no relationship between SPT-N value at pile toe and end bearing capacity. But driving energy effects on end bearing capacity. In case of skin friction, driving energy had no effects. And reasonable method verifying design bearing strength is necessary because end bearing capacity is not considered sufficiently in restrike test results.
基于动荷载试验结果,分析嵌岩预钻孔超强PHC (SSPHC)桩的承载力特征。由于SSPHC桩与普通高强度PHC桩相比具有较高的混凝土抗压强度,因此提高了SSPHC桩的许用结构强度。对于超强PHC桩的优化设计,还应提高SSPHC桩的岩土承载力,以平衡SSPHC桩允许结构强度的提高。目前的桩安装实践对SSPHC和高强度PHC桩采用相同的驱动能量。通过动载试验对SSPHC桩承载强度影响因素进行分析,发现桩头SPT-N值与桩端承载力之间没有关系。但驱动能量对端部承载力有影响。在表面摩擦的情况下,驱动能量没有影响。再冲击试验结果中未充分考虑端部承载力,有必要采用合理的方法验证设计承载力。
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引用次数: 1
A Numerical Analysis on Stability Analysis of Cavity Ground considering Pavement Thickness and Traffic Load 考虑路面厚度和交通荷载的空腔地面稳定性数值分析
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12814/JKGSS.2019.18.4.287
S. You, Ahn heechul, Youngho Kim, Junggeun Han, G. Hong, Jeongjun Park
In this study, a series of finite element numerical analyzes were performed considering the pavement thickness and traffic load for the purpose of stability analysis on the cavity ground. In order to verify the validity of this numerical method, the previous numerical analysis was used to simulate the mechanical behavior of cavity ground, and the results were compared and analyzed. Also, from the numerical results, it was possible to confirm the dynamic behavior of the ground by confirming the change of ground void ratio, surface settlement, and shear stress, and using the relationship between stress ratio, non-destructive depth and surface settlement, the safety of the was analyzed. As a result, as the pavement thickness decreased and the traffic load increased, the non-destructive depth and the overall stability of the ground decreased with the increase of surface settlement.
在本研究中,考虑路面厚度和交通荷载,对空腔地面进行了一系列有限元数值分析。为了验证该数值方法的有效性,利用前人的数值分析方法对空腔地基的力学行为进行了模拟,并对模拟结果进行了对比分析。此外,数值计算结果可以通过确定地表空洞比、地表沉降和剪应力的变化来确定地基的动力特性,并利用应力比、无损深度和地表沉降之间的关系来分析基坑的安全性。结果表明,随着路面厚度的减小和交通荷载的增大,地面的无损深度和整体稳定性随地表沉降的增大而减小。
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引用次数: 1
Development of AI-based Prediction and Assessment Program for Tunnelling Impact 基于人工智能的隧道影响预测与评估程序开发
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12814/JKGSS.2019.18.4.039
C. Yoo, S. Haider, Jaewon Yang, Tabish Ali
In this paper the development and implementation of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based Tunnelling Impact prediction and assessment program (SKKU-iTunnel) is presented. Program predicts tunnelling induced surface settlement and groundwater drawdown by utilizing well trained ANNs and uses these predicted values to perform the damage assessment likely to occur in nearby structures and pipelines/utilities for a given tunnel problem. Generalised artificial neural networks (ANNs) were trained, to predict the induced parameters, through databases generated by combining real field data and numerical analysis for cases that represented real field conditions. It is shown that program equipped with carefully trained ANN can predict tunnel impact assessments and perform damage assessments quiet efficiently and comparable accuracy to that of numerical analysis. This paper describes the idea and implementation details of the SKKU-iTunnel with an example for demonstration.
本文介绍了基于人工智能(AI)的隧道影响预测与评估程序(SKKU-iTunnel)的开发与实现。程序通过使用训练有素的人工神经网络来预测隧道施工引起的地表沉降和地下水下降,并使用这些预测值对给定隧道问题可能发生在附近结构和管道/公用设施中的损害进行评估。通过结合实际现场数据和代表实际现场情况的数值分析生成的数据库,训练广义人工神经网络(ann)来预测诱导参数。结果表明,经过精心训练的人工神经网络程序能够有效地预测隧道影响评估,并进行损伤评估,其精度与数值分析相当。本文描述了skku - tunnel的思想和实现细节,并通过实例进行了演示。
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引用次数: 0
An Experimental Study on Ground Reinforcement Effect of Concrete and Expansion Mat for Prevention of Buried Pipe Damage 混凝土与膨胀垫块对防止埋管破坏的地面加固效果试验研究
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12814/JKGSS.2019.18.1.091
Jeongjun Park, H. Shin, J. Yuu, G. Hong
Recently, small-scale excavation like ground cavity restoration and buried pipe replacement works are being carried out in urban area, in order to improve living convenience. This paper describes experiment results on the ground reinforcement method that can reduce the buried pipe damage, when the differential settlement occurred due to poor compaction of ground below the buried pipe. Plate load tests were conducted to evaluate a reinforcement effect of ground using concrete mat and expansion mat in the ground below the buried pipe. The results showed that the stress reduction ratio by concrete mat and expansion mat according to the surcharge load was about 46%∼48% and 39%∼42%, respectively. Therefore, the differential settlement of the buried pipe and the ground deformation below the buried pipes were reduced by the reinforcement effect of the concrete mat and expansion mat. This means that it is possible to prevent a buried pipe damage due to underground cavity and ground subsidence, if concrete mat and expansion mat are reinforced in the ground below the buried pipe or on the ground between the buried pipes.
最近,为了提高生活便利性,在市区进行了地面空腔修复、地埋管更换等小规模开挖工程。本文介绍了在地埋管下方因地基压实不良而产生差异沉降时,采用降低地埋管损伤的地面加固方法的试验结果。通过板载试验,评价了埋管下方地面采用混凝土垫层和膨胀垫层对地面的加固效果。结果表明,混凝土垫层和膨胀垫层根据附加荷载的应力消减率分别为46% ~ 48%和39% ~ 42%。因此,混凝土垫层和膨胀垫层的加固作用减小了埋地管的差异沉降和埋地管下方的地面变形。这意味着,如果在埋地管下方或埋地管之间的地面上加固混凝土垫层和膨胀垫层,就有可能防止埋地管因地下空腔和地面沉降而损坏。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on Strength Reduction Factor of Pile-soil Interface for Evaluation of Pile Pullout Resistance by Soil Condition 基于土体条件评价桩抗拔能力的桩-土界面强度折减系数研究
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12814/JKGSS.2019.18.2.045
S. You, H. Shin, K. Lee, Jeongjun Park, C. Choi, G. Hong
This paper describes the results of finite element analysis (FEA), in order to investigate a characteristics of pile pullout behavior according to the conditions of the relative density and fines content in original ground. In the FEA, a boundary elements and strength reduction factors (  ) on pile-soil interface were applied to simulate appropriately the shear behavior at the pile-soil interface, and then the reliability of numerical analysis method was verified by comparison of FEA results and previous experimental research(You et al., 2018). In addition, a the deformation characteristics at the pile-soil interface and determination method of   value was laid out. The results showed that the FEA, based on the analytical model applied in this study simulates appropriately the characteristics of the pile-soil interface by pullout model test of pile. In order to apply the suggested   value, it is necessary to consider the condition of the relative density and the fines content in ground.
本文介绍了有限元分析(FEA)的结果,探讨了在原地基相对密度和细粒含量条件下桩的拉拔行为特征。在有限元分析中,采用桩-土界面上的边界元和强度折减因子()对桩-土界面处的剪切行为进行了适当的模拟,并将有限元分析结果与前人的实验研究结果进行了对比,验证了数值分析方法的可靠性(You et al., 2018)。给出了桩-土界面变形特征及值的确定方法。结果表明,通过桩拉拔模型试验,本文所采用的分析模型较好地模拟了桩-土界面的特性。为了应用建议的值,需要考虑相对密度和地面细粒含量的情况。
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引用次数: 0
A study on the Evaluation of Permeability and Structure for Calcium Bentonite-Sand Mixtures 钙-膨润土-砂混合料渗透性及结构评价研究
IF 0.5 Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.12814/jkgss.2019.18.2.001
윤성열, 안현규, 오민아, Lee Jai-Young
This study was intended to evaluate the water permeability and structure for calcium bentonite-sand mixtures to utilize calcium bentonite as a liner. This study conducted physico-chemical properties tests, compaction tests, permeability test and Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis (SEM) analysis. It was found the higher the ratio of calcium bentonite, the lower the dry density with coefficient of permeability, and the higher the optimum moisture content. In particular, SEM analysis was found the higher the ratio of calcium bentonite, the higher the area of the montmorillonite particles. In conclusion, the optimum coefficient of permeability that finds the landfill liner condition (must be less than 1 × 10 cm/sec) was obtained when the ratio of calcium bentonite was 40% or higher. These findings may improve the understanding of the calcium bentonite as a liner. Calcium bentonite shows a similar permeability to sodium bentonite 7% when mixed at 40% or more. Therefore, it is considered that calcium bentonite can be utilized as a liner.
以钙基膨润土为衬垫材料,对钙基膨润土-砂混合材料的透水性和结构进行了研究。对其进行了理化性能测试、压实性测试、渗透性测试和扫描电镜分析。结果表明,钙基膨润土掺量越高,其干密度和渗透系数越低,最佳含水率越高。特别是SEM分析发现,含钙膨润土比例越高,蒙脱土颗粒面积越大。综上所述,当钙基膨润土掺量在40%及以上时,获得了满足填埋衬垫条件的最佳渗透系数(必须小于1 × 10 cm/sec)。这些发现有助于提高对钙基膨润土作为衬垫的认识。钙基膨润土在掺量为40%及以上时,渗透率与钠基膨润土7%相近。因此,认为钙基膨润土可用作衬里。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
Journal of the Korean Geosynthetic Society
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