Objectives: The literature on the role of integrin beta 3 (ITGB3) exonic variants in coronary artery disease (CAD) and lipid outcomes is scarce. However, the findings remained uncertain and still not clear. Therefore, the current study aims to determine the association of rs5918 polymorphism with coronary artery disease. Methodology: All the eligible literature published in the English language from February 3, 2005, up to December 19, 2021, were searched by using different electronic databases and extracted all the required information from the available literature. The statistical analysis was performed through the MetaGenyo program, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to determine the association between rs5918 and CAD. Results: The final analysis includes four studies, and the overall rs5918 risk allele in all the tested genetic models as follow: allelic model: OR 0.80 CI 0.41-1.58; homozygote model: OR 1.66, 95% CI 0.20-2.16; recessive model: OR 0.71 CI 0.44-1.14; dominant model: OR 0.81 CI 0.22-3.03. In addition, the lipid outcomes, including lipoproteins, cholesterol, and triglycerides were associated with increased disease risk. The shapes of the funnel plots suggest no publication bias in our study. Conclusion: In conclusion, our final pooled analysis revealed a non-significant role of this exonic polymorphism in coronary artery disease that may exert its effect by modulating various lipid parameters. However, more studies are required with a larger cohort size that may give us conclusive results in the future.
目的：关于整合素β3（ITGB3）外显子变体在冠状动脉疾病（CAD）和脂质结果中的作用的文献很少。然而，调查结果仍然不确定，仍然不清楚。因此，本研究旨在确定rs5918多态性与冠状动脉疾病的相关性。方法：使用不同的电子数据库搜索2005年2月3日至2021年12月19日以英语发表的所有符合条件的文献，并从现有文献中提取所有所需信息。通过MetaGenyo程序进行统计分析，并计算合并优势比（OR），以确定rs5918与CAD之间的相关性。结果：最终分析包括四项研究，并将rs5918总风险等位基因在所有测试的遗传模型中如下：等位基因模型：OR 0.80 CI 0.41-1.58；纯合模型：OR 1.66，95%CI 0.20-2.16；隐性模型：OR 0.71 CI 0.44-1.14；优势模型：OR 0.81 CI 0.22-3.03。此外，包括脂蛋白、胆固醇和甘油三酯在内的脂质结果与疾病风险增加有关。漏斗图的形状表明在我们的研究中没有发表偏倚。结论：总之，我们的最终汇总分析揭示了这种外显子多态性在冠状动脉疾病中的不显著作用，可能通过调节各种脂质参数发挥其作用。然而，还需要更多的研究，队列规模更大，这可能会在未来给我们带来结论性的结果。
{"title":"The Role of Integrin Beta 3 Polymorphisms in Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Sana Ashiq, K. Ashiq, M. Sabar","doi":"10.47144/phj.v56i1.2362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47144/phj.v56i1.2362","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The literature on the role of integrin beta 3 (ITGB3) exonic variants in coronary artery disease (CAD) and lipid outcomes is scarce. However, the findings remained uncertain and still not clear. Therefore, the current study aims to determine the association of rs5918 polymorphism with coronary artery disease.\u0000Methodology: All the eligible literature published in the English language from February 3, 2005, up to December 19, 2021, were searched by using different electronic databases and extracted all the required information from the available literature. The statistical analysis was performed through the MetaGenyo program, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to determine the association between rs5918 and CAD.\u0000Results: The final analysis includes four studies, and the overall rs5918 risk allele in all the tested genetic models as follow: allelic model: OR 0.80 CI 0.41-1.58; homozygote model: OR 1.66, 95% CI 0.20-2.16; recessive model: OR 0.71 CI 0.44-1.14; dominant model: OR 0.81 CI 0.22-3.03. In addition, the lipid outcomes, including lipoproteins, cholesterol, and triglycerides were associated with increased disease risk. The shapes of the funnel plots suggest no publication bias in our study.\u0000Conclusion: In conclusion, our final pooled analysis revealed a non-significant role of this exonic polymorphism in coronary artery disease that may exert its effect by modulating various lipid parameters. However, more studies are required with a larger cohort size that may give us conclusive results in the future.","PeriodicalId":42273,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Heart Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47969853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.47144/phj.v56isupplement_1.2456
S. Habib, Fateh Ali Tipoo Sultan, Saba Hussain, Lubna Baqai, S. Sohail
This is the first time that a local preliminary document on gender differences in CVDs has been initiated in Pakistan. International forum has been highlighting significant gender and ethnicity in CVDs. So different countries from world took the initiative to develop their local guideline or clinical scientific statements on gender differences with different socio-cultural and educational background for their own countries. GRFW in collaboration with Scientific Council of Women with Heart Disease PCS Pakistan floated this idea to develop a local guideline in various aspects CVDs for our own women population. In this regard different topics were assigned to different groups including mostly female cardiologists, senior gynecologists/obstetricians and radiologist from all over Pakistan. Primary objectives of this write up on Cardiac Imaging in Women is to provide a local clinical practice guideline for the assessment and management of CVD that will improve and standardize the physicians’ decision making for Pakistani women population. In the setting of growing awareness of providing personalized precision medicine, addressing sex differences in CVD is a key goal. The intention is to inform cardiologists, non-cardiologist physicians’, general practitioners, and, obstetrician/gynecologists about the reasonable use and understanding of technologies to help in proper approach to their treating women with HDs and when to send them for cardiac specialist diagnostic center. As we could not find our own local data on cardiac imaging to report at present, most recommendations on cardiac imaging used has been taken from international literatures (which we have found feasible, readily available, and some cost effective approach in our money constraint society which can be followed in our population) and also which were published within the past decade were given priority. In this document, we discuss the role of using different cardiac imaging modalities, with a focus on diseases which are unique/or occur more in women. So, five women specific topics more commonly seen in our population were selected currently, which are (stable/unstable angina and ACS, MINOCA), non-ischemic CMP, HD during pregnancy, cardio-oncology, and connective tissue diseases (CTD). In these topics we have tried to used our own local incidences and prevalence of these diseases in our community/internationally on gender basis and have highlighted the availability/limitations of cardiac imaging in our society. The updated recommendations in women have been taken from international guidelines. Graphs and tables layout has been taken from abroad literatures and made some few changes according to its use in our population. You will find this a preliminary review document which will be simple to read, have updated approach in evaluating the diagnosis of HD in women easily. For current cost effectiveness issues for our population will be taken up by PCS to Health ministries of Pakistan for its
{"title":"Cardiovascular Imaging in Women with Heart Diseases, A local Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pakistani Population","authors":"S. Habib, Fateh Ali Tipoo Sultan, Saba Hussain, Lubna Baqai, S. Sohail","doi":"10.47144/phj.v56isupplement_1.2456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47144/phj.v56isupplement_1.2456","url":null,"abstract":"This is the first time that a local preliminary document on gender differences in CVDs has been initiated in Pakistan. International forum has been highlighting significant gender and ethnicity in CVDs. So different countries from world took the initiative to develop their local guideline or clinical scientific statements on gender differences with different socio-cultural and educational background for their own countries. GRFW in collaboration with Scientific Council of Women with Heart Disease PCS Pakistan floated this idea to develop a local guideline in various aspects CVDs for our own women population. In this regard different topics were assigned to different groups including mostly female cardiologists, senior gynecologists/obstetricians and radiologist from all over Pakistan. Primary objectives of this write up on Cardiac Imaging in Women is to provide a local clinical practice guideline for the assessment and management of CVD that will improve and standardize the physicians’ decision making for Pakistani women population. In the setting of growing awareness of providing personalized precision medicine, addressing sex differences in CVD is a key goal.\u0000The intention is to inform cardiologists, non-cardiologist physicians’, general practitioners, and, obstetrician/gynecologists about the reasonable use and understanding of technologies to help in proper approach to their treating women with HDs and when to send them for cardiac specialist diagnostic center. As we could not find our own local data on cardiac imaging to report at present, most recommendations on cardiac imaging used has been taken from international literatures (which we have found feasible, readily available, and some cost effective approach in our money constraint society which can be followed in our population) and also which were published within the past decade were given priority. In this document, we discuss the role of using different cardiac imaging modalities, with a focus on diseases which are unique/or occur more in women. So, five women specific topics more commonly seen in our population were selected currently, which are (stable/unstable angina and ACS, MINOCA), non-ischemic CMP, HD during pregnancy, cardio-oncology, and connective tissue diseases (CTD). In these topics we have tried to used our own local incidences and prevalence of these diseases in our community/internationally on gender basis and have highlighted the availability/limitations of cardiac imaging in our society. The updated recommendations in women have been taken from international guidelines. Graphs and tables layout has been taken from abroad literatures and made some few changes according to its use in our population. You will find this a preliminary review document which will be simple to read, have updated approach in evaluating the diagnosis of HD in women easily. For current cost effectiveness issues for our population will be taken up by PCS to Health ministries of Pakistan for its ","PeriodicalId":42273,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Heart Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43091913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.47144/phj.v56isupplement_1.2455
Sumera Nasim, P. Sirichand, Nida Imran, Ayesha Zahide, Gulfareen Haider, A. Amna, N. Mohsin, A. Arain, A. Faruqui, Sohail Aziz, J. Sial, B. Mohydin, Shahbaz A Kureshi, N. Majeed, F. Memon, K. Soomro
Hypertension has been recognized as a global health concern. In developing countries, it is not addressed and described to the extent that the actual prevalence of the disease makes it necessary. In these countries, control of blood pressure (BP) remains suboptimal. Worldwide BP reduction is a serious issue, and the situation is more alarming situation in our country. Pakistan is one of them, more than 46% of the Pakistani population are hypertensive. In 2010, hypertension was the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and a greater contributor to events in women. South Asia contributes 24% of world population and is undergoing a rapid epidemiological transition with significant rates of hypertension in different countries. The prevalence of hypertension in low socioeconomic population in Pakistan is 39% in women vs. 37% in men. There is no proper data regarding hypertension in women in Pakistan, except for a few populations based surveys conducted which showed the prevalence of hypertension. The pooled prevalence in Pakistani women is 24.76% vs. 24.9% for men for an age bracket of above 40 years. The occurrence is higher in urban compared to rural areas. General practitioners (GP) in Pakistan underdiagnose and undertreat high BP, especially in the elderly women. Only in 37% of patients, the treatment was initiated by a GP. 23% of this group received only sedatives alone or combination of sedatives and hypertension control medication. We lack published guidelines regarding hypertension. Hypertension still remains the major preventable cause of cardiovascular disease. Hypertension is a leading cause of mortality globally, and especially in our continent. The purpose of these guidelines is to highlight the neglected population (i.e., Women) of Pakistan, who are physically and hormonally different from men. They have more complications as a result of hypertension. Early diagnosis and proper treatment and adherence to the treatment is therefore important. The task of developing guideline on hypertension is by Go Red Chairperson and Scientific Council Pakistan in collaboration with Pakistan cardiac society. This is first clinical practice guidelines for management of hypertension which is a need of our time with the objective to control the epidemic of hypertension in women. This scientific document on hypertension in women with local recommendation which are made local studies and randomized trials and south Asian studies. These educational tool help the health care providers GP and doctors because all see the women in theirs practice and using this guideline facilitate them for treatment because specially in elderly women usually received only sedative alone or in combination with antihypertensive medicines by GPS. Our efforts will encourage GPs and medical practitioners to practice these guidelines in their clinical judgment about risk and complications, as well as in the determination and implementation of preventive, diagnostic or the
{"title":"Management of Hypertension in Women. Pakistan Hypertension Clinical Practice Guidelines","authors":"Sumera Nasim, P. Sirichand, Nida Imran, Ayesha Zahide, Gulfareen Haider, A. Amna, N. Mohsin, A. Arain, A. Faruqui, Sohail Aziz, J. Sial, B. Mohydin, Shahbaz A Kureshi, N. Majeed, F. Memon, K. Soomro","doi":"10.47144/phj.v56isupplement_1.2455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47144/phj.v56isupplement_1.2455","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension has been recognized as a global health concern. In developing countries, it is not addressed and described to the extent that the actual prevalence of the disease makes it necessary. In these countries, control of blood pressure (BP) remains suboptimal. Worldwide BP reduction is a serious issue, and the situation is more alarming situation in our country. Pakistan is one of them, more than 46% of the Pakistani population are hypertensive. In 2010, hypertension was the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and a greater contributor to events in women. South Asia contributes 24% of world population and is undergoing a rapid epidemiological transition with significant rates of hypertension in different countries. The prevalence of hypertension in low socioeconomic population in Pakistan is 39% in women vs. 37% in men.\u0000There is no proper data regarding hypertension in women in Pakistan, except for a few populations based surveys conducted which showed the prevalence of hypertension. The pooled prevalence in Pakistani women is 24.76% vs. 24.9% for men for an age bracket of above 40 years. The occurrence is higher in urban compared to rural areas. General practitioners (GP) in Pakistan underdiagnose and undertreat high BP, especially in the elderly women. Only in 37% of patients, the treatment was initiated by a GP. 23% of this group received only sedatives alone or combination of sedatives and hypertension control medication. We lack published guidelines regarding hypertension.\u0000Hypertension still remains the major preventable cause of cardiovascular disease. Hypertension is a leading cause of mortality globally, and especially in our continent. The purpose of these guidelines is to highlight the neglected population (i.e., Women) of Pakistan, who are physically and hormonally different from men. They have more complications as a result of hypertension. Early diagnosis and proper treatment and adherence to the treatment is therefore important.\u0000The task of developing guideline on hypertension is by Go Red Chairperson and Scientific Council Pakistan in collaboration with Pakistan cardiac society. This is first clinical practice guidelines for management of hypertension which is a need of our time with the objective to control the epidemic of hypertension in women.\u0000This scientific document on hypertension in women with local recommendation which are made local studies and randomized trials and south Asian studies. These educational tool help the health care providers GP and doctors because all see the women in theirs practice and using this guideline facilitate them for treatment because specially in elderly women usually received only sedative alone or in combination with antihypertensive medicines by GPS. Our efforts will encourage GPs and medical practitioners to practice these guidelines in their clinical judgment about risk and complications, as well as in the determination and implementation of preventive, diagnostic or the","PeriodicalId":42273,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Heart Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41915555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Khan, N. Khan, F. Qadir, Muhammad Tariq Farman, K. I. Bhatti, P. Akhtar
Objectives: Among the common complications of coronary artery disease (CAD) is the ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR). Identifying IMR and assessing its severity is pertinent owing to its significance in post- myocardial infarction (MI) risk stratification. It is associated with a higher risk of heart failure and mortality. This study aimed to determine the frequency of IMR after the first acute ST-elevation MI (STEMI) in the Pakistani population. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at NICVD, Karachi between January and July 2021. One hundred and ninety-five consecutive participants of first acute ST elevation MI who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of IMR were included in the study. Demographic and clinical profile was recorded. All patients underwent echocardiography to grade the severity of IMR. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: Of 195 patients, 141 (72.3%) were males. 77 (39.5%) were diabetic, 92 (47.2%) were hypertensive, 18 (9.2%) had dyslipidemia and 58 (29.7%) used tobacco. IMR was observed in 74 (37.9%) with mild in 50 (67.6%), moderate in 18 (24.3%), and severe in 6 (8.1%) patients. IMR was statistically significantly associated with duration of symptoms, type of MI, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and tobacco use. Conclusion: IMR was prevalent in more than one-third of patients presenting with acute ST elevation MI. Severity of IMR was moderate to severe in about one-third of the patients. IMR was found to be associated with duration of symptoms, type of MI, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and tobacco use. Considering its prognostic role, assessment of IMR and its severity is necessary for appropriate management of patients.
{"title":"FREQUENCY OF ISCHEMIC MITRAL REGURGITATION AFTER ACUTE ST- ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AT A TERTIARY CARE CARDIAC CENTER","authors":"K. Khan, N. Khan, F. Qadir, Muhammad Tariq Farman, K. I. Bhatti, P. Akhtar","doi":"10.47144/phj.v55i4.2367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47144/phj.v55i4.2367","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Among the common complications of coronary artery disease (CAD) is the ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR). Identifying IMR and assessing its severity is pertinent owing to its significance in post- myocardial infarction (MI) risk stratification. It is associated with a higher risk of heart failure and mortality. This study aimed to determine the frequency of IMR after the first acute ST-elevation MI (STEMI) in the Pakistani population.\u0000Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at NICVD, Karachi between January and July 2021. One hundred and ninety-five consecutive participants of first acute ST elevation MI who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of IMR were included in the study. Demographic and clinical profile was recorded. All patients underwent echocardiography to grade the severity of IMR. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20.\u0000Results: Of 195 patients, 141 (72.3%) were males. 77 (39.5%) were diabetic, 92 (47.2%) were hypertensive, 18 (9.2%) had dyslipidemia and 58 (29.7%) used tobacco. IMR was observed in 74 (37.9%) with mild in 50 (67.6%), moderate in 18 (24.3%), and severe in 6 (8.1%) patients. IMR was statistically significantly associated with duration of symptoms, type of MI, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and tobacco use.\u0000Conclusion: IMR was prevalent in more than one-third of patients presenting with acute ST elevation MI. Severity of IMR was moderate to severe in about one-third of the patients. IMR was found to be associated with duration of symptoms, type of MI, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and tobacco use. Considering its prognostic role, assessment of IMR and its severity is necessary for appropriate management of patients.","PeriodicalId":42273,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Heart Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45436645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Ahmed, J. Shah, Rajesh Kumar, M. Batra, K. A. Shaikh, A. Ammar, Ambreen Nisar, Gulzar Ali, T. Saghir, N. Qamar
Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the differences in clinical and angiographic profiles of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) at a tertiary care cardiac hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care cardiac hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. The study included consecutive adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) diagnosed with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Diabetic and non-diabetic patients were compared for clinical and angiographic profiles. Results: The study sample consisted of 43.8% (218) diabetic patients. The mean age was 59.03 ± 9.69 years vs. 49.54 ± 11.53 years; p<0.001, proportion of females was 35.3% (77) vs. 14.6% (41); p<0.001, Killip class III or IV was (17) vs. 2.5% (7), and hypertension was 83% (181) vs. 56.8% (159); p<0.001 among the diabetic and non-diabetic group, respectively. The frequency of multi-vessel disease was 50.9% (111) vs. 39.6% (111), the significant left main disease was 5% (11) vs. 2.5% (7), and initial TIMI III flow was 19.3% (42) vs. 25.4% (71) in diabetic and non-diabetic patients, respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, diabetes in STEMI setting is associated with complex coronary artery diseases, more hemodynamic instability at presentation, and the presence of multiple co-morbid conditions.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF CLINICAL AND ANGIOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION","authors":"B. Ahmed, J. Shah, Rajesh Kumar, M. Batra, K. A. Shaikh, A. Ammar, Ambreen Nisar, Gulzar Ali, T. Saghir, N. Qamar","doi":"10.47144/phj.v55i4.2309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47144/phj.v55i4.2309","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the differences in clinical and angiographic profiles of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) at a tertiary care cardiac hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.\u0000Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care cardiac hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. The study included consecutive adult patients (≥ 18 years of age) diagnosed with STEMI undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Diabetic and non-diabetic patients were compared for clinical and angiographic profiles.\u0000Results: The study sample consisted of 43.8% (218) diabetic patients. The mean age was 59.03 ± 9.69 years vs. 49.54 ± 11.53 years; p<0.001, proportion of females was 35.3% (77) vs. 14.6% (41); p<0.001, Killip class III or IV was (17) vs. 2.5% (7), and hypertension was 83% (181) vs. 56.8% (159); p<0.001 among the diabetic and non-diabetic group, respectively. The frequency of multi-vessel disease was 50.9% (111) vs. 39.6% (111), the significant left main disease was 5% (11) vs. 2.5% (7), and initial TIMI III flow was 19.3% (42) vs. 25.4% (71) in diabetic and non-diabetic patients, respectively.\u0000Conclusion: In conclusion, diabetes in STEMI setting is associated with complex coronary artery diseases, more hemodynamic instability at presentation, and the presence of multiple co-morbid conditions.","PeriodicalId":42273,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Heart Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45620190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bilal Ahmed, W. Hussain, Jamilul Hussain, Abdul Basit, Javeria Haider, A. Muhammad, Ahmed Raheem
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the burden and trends of non-rheumatic valvular heart disease (VHD) in Pakistan compared to the South Asian (SA) and Global figures based on estimates of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study for the years 1990 to 2019. Methodology: Data for the estimated prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), along with age-standardized death rate (ASDR) due to non-rheumatic VHD in Pakistan, was extracted from the GBD study. Results: The prevalence of non-rheumatic VHD in Pakistan increased by 14.1% from 1990 to 2019, from 6.4 to 7.3/100,000. The ASDR per 100,000 population has shown a 12.9% increase between the years 1990 and 2019 (from 1.32 to 1.49) with an IRR of 1.102 [1.002-1.1983]. However, global and SA's decreased slightly with an IRR of 0.997 [0.971-1.024] and 0.996 [0.959-1.034]. The estimated number of deaths has shown a 1.1% increase from 0.6 to 0.6/100,000 from 1990 to 2019. Similarly, the estimated number of DALYs has shown an increased (17%) from 14.1 in 1990 to 16.5/100,000 in 2019. Interestingly, Sindh, Baluchistan, and Azad Jammu & Kashmir also had seen the most significant increase in DALYs over 30 years, accounting for 30.3%, 23.7%, and 23.9% respectively. Conclusion: Based on the analysis of GBD estimates, it can be concluded that, in Pakistan, the prevalence, deaths, and DALYs rate of non-rheumatic VHD per 100 thousand individuals increased substantially between 1990 and 2019. The age-standardized death rate also significantly increased over the past 30 years.
{"title":"THIRTY-YEAR TREND OF NON-RHEUMATIC VALVULAR HEART DISEASE: A COMPARISON OF PAKISTAN WITH SOUTH ASIA AND GLOBAL SCENARIO","authors":"Bilal Ahmed, W. Hussain, Jamilul Hussain, Abdul Basit, Javeria Haider, A. Muhammad, Ahmed Raheem","doi":"10.47144/phj.v55i4.2452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47144/phj.v55i4.2452","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the burden and trends of non-rheumatic valvular heart disease (VHD) in Pakistan compared to the South Asian (SA) and Global figures based on estimates of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study for the years 1990 to 2019.\u0000Methodology: Data for the estimated prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), along with age-standardized death rate (ASDR) due to non-rheumatic VHD in Pakistan, was extracted from the GBD study.\u0000Results: The prevalence of non-rheumatic VHD in Pakistan increased by 14.1% from 1990 to 2019, from 6.4 to 7.3/100,000. The ASDR per 100,000 population has shown a 12.9% increase between the years 1990 and 2019 (from 1.32 to 1.49) with an IRR of 1.102 [1.002-1.1983]. However, global and SA's decreased slightly with an IRR of 0.997 [0.971-1.024] and 0.996 [0.959-1.034]. The estimated number of deaths has shown a 1.1% increase from 0.6 to 0.6/100,000 from 1990 to 2019. Similarly, the estimated number of DALYs has shown an increased (17%) from 14.1 in 1990 to 16.5/100,000 in 2019. Interestingly, Sindh, Baluchistan, and Azad Jammu & Kashmir also had seen the most significant increase in DALYs over 30 years, accounting for 30.3%, 23.7%, and 23.9% respectively.\u0000Conclusion: Based on the analysis of GBD estimates, it can be concluded that, in Pakistan, the prevalence, deaths, and DALYs rate of non-rheumatic VHD per 100 thousand individuals increased substantially between 1990 and 2019. The age-standardized death rate also significantly increased over the past 30 years.","PeriodicalId":42273,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Heart Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49221372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes is a common metabolic disease that causes cardiovascular disease. Insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs are the treatment for diabetes, but high percentage of patients cannot use allopathic drugs and rely on natural alternative healings. Camel milk with therapeutic properties, is a good source of vitamins C, minerals such as Mn, iron, Cu, Zn; and immunoglobulins compared to cow milk. Insulin of camel milk is a great substitute due to no coagulum formation in the stomach. Raw camel milk increases insulin secretion, reduces insulin resistance and affects signaling and glucose transport. It also decreases the complications due to diabetes like cardiovascular disorders, obesity, oxidative stress and promotes wound healing. There is high amount of unsaturated fatty acids in camel milk for heart health. Also, probiotic bacteria and hypocholesterolemia peptides reduce cholesterol absorption and hence better control of its blood level and cardiovascular issues. Therefore, camel milk is effective in preventing complications due to diabetes and cardiovascular disorders.
{"title":"MECHANISM OF CAMEL MILK ON DIABETES COMPLICATIONS AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS","authors":"Taherah Mohammadabadi, Asif Ur Rehman, R. Jain","doi":"10.47144/phj.v55i4.2388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47144/phj.v55i4.2388","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is a common metabolic disease that causes cardiovascular disease. Insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs are the treatment for diabetes, but high percentage of patients cannot use allopathic drugs and rely on natural alternative healings. Camel milk with therapeutic properties, is a good source of vitamins C, minerals such as Mn, iron, Cu, Zn; and immunoglobulins compared to cow milk. Insulin of camel milk is a great substitute due to no coagulum formation in the stomach. Raw camel milk increases insulin secretion, reduces insulin resistance and affects signaling and glucose transport. It also decreases the complications due to diabetes like cardiovascular disorders, obesity, oxidative stress and promotes wound healing. There is high amount of unsaturated fatty acids in camel milk for heart health. Also, probiotic bacteria and hypocholesterolemia peptides reduce cholesterol absorption and hence better control of its blood level and cardiovascular issues. Therefore, camel milk is effective in preventing complications due to diabetes and cardiovascular disorders.","PeriodicalId":42273,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Heart Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47261897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sajjad Bahariniya, M. Ghanbari, Mohammad Ezati Asar, F. Madadizadeh
Coronavirus was first reported as an acute respiratory syndrome in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. This infectious disease spreads rapidly in many countries , and humans worldwide, shows different symptoms of the disease. High fever, cough, and fatigue were the most common symptoms that patients with covid-19 showed.1 The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented challenges for health care in many countries worldwide. In addition to patients, COVID-19 is very dangerous for health care staff at the frontline of fighting this disease. The large number of COVID-19 virus patients who need to be hospitalized puts a heavy burden on the health system of countries so the treatment of other diseases is seriously disrupted.2 Cardiovascular disease is one of the most important diseases that has been neglected due to the focus of the Covid-19 pandemic and its special conditions, including completing the capacity of clinical departments and full-time participation of hospital staff.3 Among various diseases, cardiovascular diseases are the most common and the main cause of death in the world (Estimated 17.9 million death each year) and the most important factor of disability (Generally, about eleven percent of the total disease burden).4 Despite significant advances in the field of medicine, one-third of patients who suffer from a heart attack (myocardial infarction) still die, and two-thirds of those who never survive fully recover and are unable to lead normal lives.5 There is a close relationship between COVID-19 and cardiovascular diseases so cardiovascular diseases are more common in patients with COVID-19, and these patients are at higher risk of death.6 Cardiovascular disease is associated with more severe symptoms of COVID-19 and higher mortality rates. COVID-19 can have primary cardiac involvement (arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, and myocarditis) and secondary cardiac involvement (myocardial damage/elevated biomarkers and heart failure). COVID-19 can have several effects on the cardiovascular system of patients. Acute cardiovascular complications can cause many challenges. For example, one of these challenges can be the need for a multidisciplinary heart and lung team to assess the condition of patients with severe symptoms.7,8 Currently, the outbreak of COVID-19 disease has created unprecedented pressure on patients, physicians, and in general, the health care systems of the world and led to delays in the treatment of cardiovascular patients. Delay or neglect of treatment of cardiovascular patients is associated with inevitable complications and mortality. Because the living conditions of many of them are threatening and dangerous.9 Some early signs of cardiovascular disease (shortness of breath, chest pain) in patients may be confused with COVID-19 symptoms, and the patient may be misdiagnosed.10 The COVID-19 pandemic has faced the world in a difficult position. Hospitals and health centers have been severely affected by treating patients with C
2019年12月，冠状病毒首次在中国武汉被报道为急性呼吸综合征。这种传染病在许多国家迅速传播，全世界的人类表现出不同的疾病症状。高热、咳嗽和疲劳是covid-19患者最常见的症状2019冠状病毒病大流行给全球许多国家的卫生保健带来了前所未有的挑战。除了患者之外，COVID-19对在与这种疾病作斗争的第一线的卫生保健人员也非常危险。需要住院治疗的大量COVID-19病毒患者给各国卫生系统带来了沉重负担，严重扰乱了其他疾病的治疗。2 .由于新冠肺炎疫情的重点及其特殊条件，包括完成临床科室的能力和医院工作人员的专职参与，心血管疾病是最重要的被忽视的疾病之一在各种疾病中，心血管疾病是世界上最常见和最主要的死亡原因(估计每年有1790万人死亡)，也是最重要的残疾因素(通常约占总疾病负担的11%)尽管医学领域取得了重大进展，但三分之一的心脏病(心肌梗死)患者仍然死亡，三分之二的患者从未完全康复，无法过正常的生活。5 . COVID-19与心血管疾病有密切的关系，因此COVID-19患者心血管疾病更为常见，并且这些患者的死亡风险更高心血管疾病与COVID-19更严重的症状和更高的死亡率相关。COVID-19可能有原发性心脏受累(心律失常、心肌梗死和心肌炎)和继发性心脏受累(心肌损伤/生物标志物升高和心力衰竭)。COVID-19可对患者的心血管系统产生多种影响。急性心血管并发症可引起许多挑战。例如，其中一个挑战可能是需要一个多学科的心肺团队来评估有严重症状的患者的状况。7,8目前，COVID-19疫情给患者、医生以及世界各地的卫生保健系统带来了前所未有的压力，并导致心血管患者的治疗延误。延误或忽视心血管患者的治疗与不可避免的并发症和死亡率有关。因为他们中的许多人的生活条件受到威胁和危险患者的一些心血管疾病早期症状(呼吸短促、胸痛)可能与COVID-19症状混淆，患者可能被误诊。10 . 2019冠状病毒病大流行使世界面临困境。医院和保健中心因治疗COVID-19患者而受到严重影响。各国政府正试图有效地防止这种疾病的进一步爆发。当然，重要的一点是，政府不应忽视其他卫生优先事项，如非传染性疾病和心血管疾病虽然医务人员为抗击COVID-19所做的许多努力是可以理解的，但医院不应忘记自己在照顾其他患者方面的主要作用，而忽视他们的基本需求。忽视心血管疾病，如先天性心脏病(CHD)和急性冠状动脉综合征将导致不可挽回的损害卫生保健系统必须在治疗COVID-19患者和治疗心血管疾病之间建立适当的平衡为更好地控制新冠肺炎疫情，平衡其他疾病的管理，建议仅对该疾病分配一定的医院容量。由于COVID-19缺乏明确的治疗方法，不应延误对其他疾病的治疗。参考文献谢卫华，程明英，何明伟，周春华，林鹏程，迟春英，等。台湾省中部医疗中心流感季节筛查与流行病学有关联的症状患者，发现新冠肺炎病例。中华微生物学杂志，2014;33(3):559 - 566。Chieffo A, Stefanini GG, Price S, barbatto E, Tarantini G, Karam N，等。EAPCI关于COVID-19大流行期间急性冠状动脉综合征侵入性治疗的立场声明。[j] .中华心脏杂志，2011;41(19):1839- 1851。Huet F, Prieur C, Schurtz G, Gerbaud É， Manzo-Silberman S, Vanzetto G，等。一列火车可能掩盖另一列火车:由于COVID-19大流行，急性心血管疾病可能被忽视。中华心血管病杂志，2020;113(5):303-7。Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, adolorato G, Ammirati E, badour LM，等。1990-2019年全球心血管疾病负担和风险因素:GBD 2019研究的最新进展中华心血管病杂志，2011;31(5):391 - 391。Levin SR, Farber A, Cheng TW, Jones DW, Rybin D, Kalish JA，等。 大多数颈动脉内膜切除术后30天中风的患者最初会出现残疾。中华血管外科杂志，2019;37(5):559 - 559。Clerkin KJ, Fried JA, Raikhelkar J, Sayer G, Griffin JM, Masoumi A，等。COVID-19和心血管疾病。循环。2020;141(20):1648 - 55。Ranard LS, Fried JA, Abdalla M, Anstey DE, Givens RC, Kumaraiah D，等。COVID-19感染急性心血管并发症的处理中国心脏衰竭杂志，2020;13(7):e007220。Hendren NS, Drazner MH, Bozkurt B, Cooper Jr LT.急性COVID-19心血管综合征的描述和建议处理。循环。2020;141(23):1903 - 14所示。王晓明，王晓明，王晓明，等。新型冠状病毒肺炎大流行期间结构性心脏病和急性冠状动脉综合征的临床分析。中华动脉粥样硬化杂志，2020;22(7):1-4。胡特F, Prieur C, Schurtz G, Gerbaud E, Manzo-Silberman S, Vanzetto G，等。由于2019冠状病毒病大流行，急性心血管疾病可能不太可能被考虑——我们的职责首先是保持警惕，然后进行更深入的分析:对T. Imamura题为“2019冠状病毒病大流行期间心血管疾病的严重程度”的信的回应。中华心血管病杂志，2020;13(6):486-7。chiazi M, Duffy EY, Thakkar A, Michos ED. COVID与心血管疾病:我们对2021年的了解。中华动脉粥样硬化杂志，2011;23(7):1-12。Gatzoulis马。透视COVID-19和先天性心脏病:关于健康、患者和福祉的简短报告，作者:迈克尔·加佐利斯，伦敦牛津大学出版社;2020.Iyengar KP, Vaishya R, Bahl S, Vaish A.冠状病毒大流行对医疗保健供应链的影响。中华卫生杂志，2020;26(6):1-4。
{"title":"COVID-19 AND NEGLECT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES TREATMENT","authors":"Sajjad Bahariniya, M. Ghanbari, Mohammad Ezati Asar, F. Madadizadeh","doi":"10.47144/phj.v55i4.2351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47144/phj.v55i4.2351","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus was first reported as an acute respiratory syndrome in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. This infectious disease spreads rapidly in many countries , and humans worldwide, shows different symptoms of the disease. High fever, cough, and fatigue were the most common symptoms that patients with covid-19 showed.1 The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented challenges for health care in many countries worldwide. In addition to patients, COVID-19 is very dangerous for health care staff at the frontline of fighting this disease. The large number of COVID-19 virus patients who need to be hospitalized puts a heavy burden on the health system of countries so the treatment of other diseases is seriously disrupted.2\u0000Cardiovascular disease is one of the most important diseases that has been neglected due to the focus of the Covid-19 pandemic and its special conditions, including completing the capacity of clinical departments and full-time participation of hospital staff.3 Among various diseases, cardiovascular diseases are the most common and the main cause of death in the world (Estimated 17.9 million death each year) and the most important factor of disability (Generally, about eleven percent of the total disease burden).4 Despite significant advances in the field of medicine, one-third of patients who suffer from a heart attack (myocardial infarction) still die, and two-thirds of those who never survive fully recover and are unable to lead normal lives.5\u0000There is a close relationship between COVID-19 and cardiovascular diseases so cardiovascular diseases are more common in patients with COVID-19, and these patients are at higher risk of death.6 Cardiovascular disease is associated with more severe symptoms of COVID-19 and higher mortality rates. COVID-19 can have primary cardiac involvement (arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, and myocarditis) and secondary cardiac involvement (myocardial damage/elevated biomarkers and heart failure). COVID-19 can have several effects on the cardiovascular system of patients. Acute cardiovascular complications can cause many challenges. For example, one of these challenges can be the need for a multidisciplinary heart and lung team to assess the condition of patients with severe symptoms.7,8\u0000Currently, the outbreak of COVID-19 disease has created unprecedented pressure on patients, physicians, and in general, the health care systems of the world and led to delays in the treatment of cardiovascular patients. Delay or neglect of treatment of cardiovascular patients is associated with inevitable complications and mortality. Because the living conditions of many of them are threatening and dangerous.9 Some early signs of cardiovascular disease (shortness of breath, chest pain) in patients may be confused with COVID-19 symptoms, and the patient may be misdiagnosed.10\u0000The COVID-19 pandemic has faced the world in a difficult position. Hospitals and health centers have been severely affected by treating patients with C","PeriodicalId":42273,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Heart Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47313368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Gul, I. Hussain, Haseen Dil, I. Ullah, Y. Rehman, Effat Hissamuddin, Muhammad Sohail Khan, Abdul Moeed, F. Gohar, FA Ali
Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the basis for cardiology consultation and the rationale for different clinical conditions in the pediatric population. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted in Pediatric Cardiology department, Peshawar institute of Cardiology from June 2021 to December 2021. A data of 817 patients was collected from monthly log of patients maintained by the consultation services, files of admitted patients, echocardiographic and laboratory reports. Patients enlisted through consecutive sampling irrespective of patients age, gender. Data collected was analyzed on IBM SPSS version 20. For numerical variables, mean/standard deviations were determined. For categorical variables, frequency and percentages were determined, and a p-value of 0.05 was deemed a significant difference. Results: Age at the time of consultation was 3.2 ± 11.7 years (range 1 day to 47 years). The most common basis for consultation were intercurrent illness in underlying congenital heart disease 288 (35.25%). A total of 551(67%) had Single consultation and 266(32.92%) had multiple consultation ranging from 2 to 4. Conclusion: Systematic approach should be followed to assess these patients in tertiary care hospital and all consultants must follow the curricula to get the required knowledge and gain expertise in these diseases to diagnose properly. None the less these data confirm the impression of increasing demands of the pediatric cardiologist, and thus may be useful in planning consultant services within the specialty.
目的:本研究旨在确定儿科人群中不同临床状况的心脏病学咨询依据和基本原理。方法:本描述性研究于2021年6月至2021年12月在白沙瓦心脏病研究所儿科心内科进行。收集门诊每月患者记录、住院患者档案、超声心动图及实验室报告等817例患者资料。不论患者的年龄、性别，均通过连续抽样纳入患者。收集的数据在IBM SPSS version 20中进行分析。对于数值变量，确定均值/标准差。对于分类变量，确定频率和百分比，p值为0.05为显著性差异。结果:就诊时年龄为3.2±11.7岁(1天至47岁)。最常见的会诊基础是先天性心脏病的合并疾病288例(35.25%)。单次就诊551例(67%)，2 ~ 4次多次就诊266例(32.92%)。结论:三级医院应采用系统的方法对这些患者进行评估，所有会诊医师必须按照课程要求学习这些疾病所需的知识和技能，以便正确诊断。然而，这些数据证实了对儿科心脏病专家的需求不断增加的印象，因此可能有助于规划该专业的咨询服务。
{"title":"CONDITION LEADING TO PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY CONSULTATION IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL PESHAWAR","authors":"H. Gul, I. Hussain, Haseen Dil, I. Ullah, Y. Rehman, Effat Hissamuddin, Muhammad Sohail Khan, Abdul Moeed, F. Gohar, FA Ali","doi":"10.47144/phj.v55i4.2323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47144/phj.v55i4.2323","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the basis for cardiology consultation and the rationale for different clinical conditions in the pediatric population.\u0000Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted in Pediatric Cardiology department, Peshawar institute of Cardiology from June 2021 to December 2021. A data of 817 patients was collected from monthly log of patients maintained by the consultation services, files of admitted patients, echocardiographic and laboratory reports. Patients enlisted through consecutive sampling irrespective of patients age, gender. Data collected was analyzed on IBM SPSS version 20. For numerical variables, mean/standard deviations were determined. For categorical variables, frequency and percentages were determined, and a p-value of 0.05 was deemed a significant difference.\u0000Results: Age at the time of consultation was 3.2 ± 11.7 years (range 1 day to 47 years). The most common basis for consultation were intercurrent illness in underlying congenital heart disease 288 (35.25%). A total of 551(67%) had Single consultation and 266(32.92%) had multiple consultation ranging from 2 to 4.\u0000Conclusion: Systematic approach should be followed to assess these patients in tertiary care hospital and all consultants must follow the curricula to get the required knowledge and gain expertise in these diseases to diagnose properly. None the less these data confirm the impression of increasing demands of the pediatric cardiologist, and thus may be useful in planning consultant services within the specialty.","PeriodicalId":42273,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Heart Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42824688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Iqbal, Shams Rehan, M. N. Khan, N. Soomro, Shakir Zada, Salman Abbas
Objectives: Patients with significant multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) are approximately one-half to two-thirds of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the in-hospital mortality of incomplete percutaneous revascularization in a patient with multi-vessel CAD presenting with ACS at a single tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Methodology: This descriptive study with 282 included consecutive patients from March 22, 2021, to September 21, 2021, fulfilling the inclusion criteria of aged between 18 and 75 years and of any gender, diagnosed with ACS, multi-vessel diseases, and undergone percutaneous revascularization of culprit artery only. Patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease or cardiogenic shock at presentation were excluded. All patients were kept under observation during the hospital stay for up to one week, and in-hospital mortality was recorded. Results: Mean age was 55.7±10.8 years with 185 (65.6%) male patients. Types of ACS were noted as ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in 109 (38.7%), 117 (41.5%) non-STEMI, while unstable angina was noted in 56 (19.9%) patients. Three-vessel disease was noted in 126 (44.7%), 108 (38.3%) were diabetics, 164 (58.2%) were hypertensive, and 128 (45.4%) were smokers. In-hospital mortality was documented in 22 (7.8%) patients. Conclusion: A significant proportion of in-hospital mortality was observed after incomplete percutaneous revascularization in ACS patients with multi-vessel CAD.
{"title":"IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY AFTER INCOMPLETE PERCUTANEOUS REVASCULARIZATION IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIVESSEL CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE PRESENTING WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME","authors":"M. Iqbal, Shams Rehan, M. N. Khan, N. Soomro, Shakir Zada, Salman Abbas","doi":"10.47144/phj.v55i4.2308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47144/phj.v55i4.2308","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Patients with significant multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) are approximately one-half to two-thirds of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the in-hospital mortality of incomplete percutaneous revascularization in a patient with multi-vessel CAD presenting with ACS at a single tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.\u0000Methodology: This descriptive study with 282 included consecutive patients from March 22, 2021, to September 21, 2021, fulfilling the inclusion criteria of aged between 18 and 75 years and of any gender, diagnosed with ACS, multi-vessel diseases, and undergone percutaneous revascularization of culprit artery only. Patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease or cardiogenic shock at presentation were excluded. All patients were kept under observation during the hospital stay for up to one week, and in-hospital mortality was recorded.\u0000Results: Mean age was 55.7±10.8 years with 185 (65.6%) male patients. Types of ACS were noted as ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in 109 (38.7%), 117 (41.5%) non-STEMI, while unstable angina was noted in 56 (19.9%) patients. Three-vessel disease was noted in 126 (44.7%), 108 (38.3%) were diabetics, 164 (58.2%) were hypertensive, and 128 (45.4%) were smokers. In-hospital mortality was documented in 22 (7.8%) patients.\u0000Conclusion: A significant proportion of in-hospital mortality was observed after incomplete percutaneous revascularization in ACS patients with multi-vessel CAD.","PeriodicalId":42273,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Heart Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46480111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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