The West and the Word最新文献

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Chapter 2: The Incommensurable West between Integration and Separation 第二章:整合与分离之间不可通约的西方

The West and the Word

Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.1515/9783110690132-006

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Index 指数

The West and the Word

Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.1515/9783110690132-011

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Methods and Theories: Doing Over Geography 方法与理论:超越地理

The West and the Word

Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.1515/9783110690132-003

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Chapter 1: Integrating the Old Northwest through Utopian, Regionalist, Feminist, and Local Colour Discourse 第一章:通过乌托邦、地域主义、女权主义和地方色彩话语整合旧西北

The West and the Word

Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.1515/9783110690132-005

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List of Figures 数字一览表

The West and the Word

Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.1515/9783110690132-009

Figure 1 Chinese Book Bindings. Images courtesy of Fu Sinian Library, Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, Taiwan 7 Figure 2 An example of palm-leaf manuscript, Gita Govinda (Song of the Cowherd), LA County Museum of Arts, from Wikimedia Commons (http://collections.lacma. org/sites/default/files/remote_images/piction/ma-31967135-O3.jpg) 8 Figure 1.1 A page of Venetus A, Homer’s Iliad, Biblioteca Marciana in Venice, from G. Zuntz, Die Aristophanes-Scholien der Papyri. Berlin: Seitz, 1975, Tafel VI 29 Figure 1.2 Construction of a sheet of papyrus, from E. G. Turner, Greek Manuscripts of the Ancient World. London: Institute of Classical Studies, University of London, 1987, Plate 1 32 Figure 1.3 Pindar, Paeans, P. Oxy 5.841 (2nd c. AD), from G. Zuntz, Die AristophanesScholien der Papyri. Berlin: Seitz, 1975, Tafel II 38 Figure 2.1 Torah Scroll in the Sephardic tradition, from Aden, Yemen (14th century?). Trinity College Library, Cambridge. Reproduced by kind permission of the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge 64 Figure 2.2 Late 15th-century Hispano-Portuguese Bible. Trinity College Library, Cambridge, Ms. F.12.106. Reproduced by kind permission of the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge 72 Figure 2.3 Illuminated Sephardic Hebrew Bible codex known as the Cervera Bible (1300). Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, Lisbon, MS. Iluminado 72. Reproduced by kind permission of the National Library of Portugal 73 Figure 2.4 Illuminated Hebrew Masoretic Bible (Lisbon, 1496), known as the Philadelphia Bible. Free Library of Philadelphia, Ms Lewis O 140. Reproduced by courtesy of the Free Library of Philadelphia, Rare Book Department 75 Figure 2.5 Hebrew Bible (Bologna, 1482), printed on vellum, Trinity College Library, Cambridge, shelf mark VI.15.26. Reproduced by kind permission of the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge 78 Figure 2.6 Complutensian Polyglot Bible (Alcalá de Henares, 1514–1517), volume 1. Trinity College Library, Cambridge, shelf mark. A.15.1. Reproduced by kind permission of the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge 81 Figure 2.7 Pentateuch and Megillot (Venice: Daniel Bomberg, 1517). Trinity College Library, Cambridge, shelf mark F.7.73. Reproduced by kind permission of the Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge 83 Figure 2.8 J. Piza, Ezrat ha-Sofer (Amsterdam: Janson and Mondovy, 1767–9). Allard Pierson, Universiteit van Amsterdam, OTM: RON A-5292 87 Figure 3.1 Primary text and commentary for the Record of the Rites (Liji zhushu 禮記注疏, commentaries by Zheng Xuan 鄭玄 and Kong Yingda 孔穎達, in Shisanjing zhushu 十三經注疏, edited by Ruan Yuan 阮元, 1815; reprint, Taipei: Yiwen, 1973) 95 Figure 3.2 Bamboo slips from the Laozi A text from the Guodian tomb (Guodian chumu zhujian 郭店楚墓竹簡, Beijing: Wenwu, 1998, page 1) 100 Figure 3.3 Two pages from the Correct Meaning of the Mao Songs (Maoshi zhengyi毛詩正義, Sibu beiyao四部備要 edition; reprint, Taipei: Zhonghua shuju, 1965) 103 Figure 4.1 The

图1中文图书装帧。图2棕榈叶手稿范例，Gita Govinda(歌of the Cowherd)，洛杉矶县艺术博物馆，维基共享资源(http://collections.lacma)。图1.1《维纳斯A》的一页，荷马的《伊利亚特》，威尼斯马夏那图书馆，摘自G. Zuntz，《阿里斯托芬-肖林纸莎草》。柏林:塞茨，1975,Tafel VI 29图1.2一张纸莎草纸的构造，来自E. G.特纳，《古代希腊手稿》。伦敦:伦敦大学古典研究所，1987，版1 32图1.3 Pindar, Paeans, P. Oxy 5.841(公元2世纪)，摘自G. Zuntz, Die aristophanesschoolien der Papyri。柏林:Seitz, 1975, Tafel II 38图2.1 Sephardic传统的Torah卷轴，来自也门亚丁(14世纪?)剑桥大学三一学院图书馆。图2.2 15世纪晚期西班牙-葡萄牙语《圣经》剑桥大学三一学院图书馆，F.12.106女士。经剑桥大学三一学院院长和研究员的许可复制图2.3被称为Cervera圣经的西班牙系希伯来语圣经手抄本(1300)。葡萄牙国家图书馆，里斯本，MS. Iluminado 72。经葡萄牙国家图书馆许可复制73图2.4插图希伯来语马所拉圣经(里斯本，1496)，被称为费城圣经。费城自由图书馆，刘易斯女士，140。图2.5《希伯来圣经》(博洛尼亚，1482年)，牛皮纸印刷，剑桥三一学院图书馆，书架标记VI.15.26。图2.6康普顿多语圣经(alcal de Henares, 1514-1517)，卷1。剑桥大学三一学院图书馆，书架标记。A.15.1。图2.7《摩西五经》和《梅吉洛特》(威尼斯:丹尼尔·邦伯格，1517年)。剑桥大学三一学院图书馆，书架标志F.7.73。图2.8 J. Piza, Ezrat ha-Sofer(阿姆斯特丹:Janson and Mondovy, 1767-9)。图3.1《礼记》(《礼记》)的主要文本和注释(《礼记》)，郑玄、孔英达的注释，载于《十三经》，阮源编，1815年;图3.2国殿墓《老子A》文本竹简(国殿楚穆祝剑，北京:文武，1998年，第1页)100图3.3《毛歌正义》两页(《毛歌正义》，《四布北瑶》，1973年版;图4.1西藏pecha的“装订”。117年，台湾新北市，曾德明博士和王宝德博士摄

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Frontmatter

The West and the Word

Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.1515/9783110690132-fm

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Spatialization Processes: Towards a New Language of Space in Literary and Cultural Studies 空间化过程:文学与文化研究中的一种新的空间语言

The West and the Word

Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.1515/9783110690132-004

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Introduction: Imagining the American West 引言:想象美国西部

The West and the Word

Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.1515/9783110690132-001

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Abstract 摘要

The West and the Word

Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.1515/9783110690132-206

William Grodzicki

DONNELLY, TALLIS M. Water Loss Exceeds Uptake in Burning Trees, But May Not Be Sufficient to Cause Whole-Plant Hydraulic Failure. It has been recently recognized that hydraulic dysfunction may be an underappreciated contributor to tree mortality following some fires. The heat plume hypothesis proposes that fire can produce hydraulic dysfunction via cavitation, due to high water loss resulting from high vapor pressure deficit that develops above the flames. This mechanism is distinct from fire damage resulting from direct incineration or lethal temperatures. It is not clear whether the plant water pathway remains sufficiently functional during burning to allow enough water loss to cause substantial plant water deficits. Here, I measured water uptake during and after burning to test (i) whether the water transport pathway remained intact and functional under burn conditions, (ii) if the loss of water during burning was great enough to potentially induce acute water deficit in the rest of the plant, and (iii) how these responses may vary across species. I recorded water uptake in eight species before and during burning, and I characterized post-burn water uptake patterns in two of those species that had contrasting functional traits. Burning resulted in an average 24-fold increase in water uptake across all species. Water transport continued during and after burning, indicating that xylem function was sustained, at least to some extent. However, water uptake represented only a small fraction of leaf water lost during burning, indicating that some loss of function did occur. Overall, water uptake during burning was equivalent to only 6% of total water in the leaves of the sample, revealing that water supplied to terminal branches during burning is small, relative to the total amount of water in the plant. There were significant differences across species in the magnitude of water uptake during burning which were not explained by specific leaf area, leaf water content, deciduousness, or wood type (ringor diffuse-porous). My results show that the heat plume hypothesis is applicable across a wide range of species and burn conditions, but that the resulting water losses may not be sufficient to result in whole-plant mortality. Water Loss Exceeds Uptake in Burning Trees, But May Not Be Sufficient to Cause Whole-Plant Hydraulic Failure. by Tallis M. Donnelly A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science

燃烧树木的水分流失超过吸收，但可能不足以导致整个植物的水力衰竭。最近已经认识到，水力功能障碍可能是一些火灾后树木死亡的一个未被充分认识的因素。热羽假说认为，火灾可以通过空化产生水力功能障碍，这是由于火焰上方的高蒸汽压赤字导致的高水分损失。这种机制不同于直接焚烧或致命温度造成的火灾损害。目前尚不清楚植物水分通路是否在燃烧过程中保持足够的功能，以允许足够的水分损失导致植物大量缺水。在这里，我测量了燃烧期间和之后的水分吸收，以测试(I)在燃烧条件下，水分运输途径是否保持完整和功能，(ii)燃烧期间的水分损失是否大到足以潜在地引起植物其余部分的急性水分亏缺，以及(iii)这些反应如何在物种之间变化。我记录了8个物种在燃烧前和燃烧过程中的水分吸收情况，并对其中两个物种在燃烧后的水分吸收模式进行了表征，这些物种具有截然不同的功能特征。燃烧导致所有物种的吸水量平均增加24倍。在燃烧过程中和燃烧后，水分输送仍在继续，这表明木质部的功能至少在一定程度上得到了维持。然而，在燃烧过程中，水分的吸收只占叶片水分损失的一小部分，这表明确实发生了一些功能损失。总体而言，燃烧过程中的水分吸收量仅相当于样品叶片总水量的6%，这表明燃烧过程中供应给末端分支的水相对于植物的总水量来说是很小的。不同树种在燃烧过程中的吸水量存在显著差异，这不能用比叶面积、叶含水量、落叶性或木材类型(环状或扩散多孔)来解释。我的研究结果表明，热羽假说适用于广泛的物种和燃烧条件，但由此产生的水分损失可能不足以导致整个植物死亡。燃烧树木的水分流失超过吸收，但可能不足以导致整个植物的水力失效。提交给北卡罗莱纳州立大学研究生院的论文，部分满足了理学硕士学位的要求

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Conclusion: Reimagining the American West 结论:重塑美国西部

The West and the Word

Pub Date : 2020-10-12 DOI: 10.1515/9783110690132-007

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