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Adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the COVID-19 stress scales in Turkish sample 土耳其样本COVID-19应激量表的适应性和心理测量学评价
IF 0.9 Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.21449/ijate.1067542
M. Şahin, S. Şen, Deniz Güler
This study aimed to adapt the COVID-19 Stress Scales (CSS) into Turkish and provide evidence for construct validity. For this purpose, firstly, Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was applied for the 5-factor model obtained during the development of CSS and the theoretically expected 6-factor model with total of 546 respondents. The findings revealed that the 6-factor model of CSS had a better fit in the Turkish sample. Factor loadings varied between .62 - .95 and correlations between subscales were between .44 - .76. Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald’s ω coefficients for each subscale indicated good-to-excellent internal consistency. To evaluate the criterion-related validity, the Turkish version of The Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) was administered to the participants and the correlation coefficients between this scale and the six subscale of CSS were calculated. We also conducted the Rasch analysis with related items to provide psychometric evidence for their unidimensional structure of each of the six subscales. Lastly, Differential item functioning (DIF) analysis was performed across subgroups by gender, having COVID-19, and being a student. Overall, the results of both CFA and Rasch analyses provided evidence to support the substantive aspect of validity and the appropriateness of the CSS as a measure of COVID-19 stress level in a Turkish sample.
本研究旨在将COVID-19压力量表(CSS)改编为土耳其语,并为结构效度提供证据。为此,首先对CSS开发过程中获得的5因素模型和理论预期的6因素模型进行验证性因子分析(Confirmatory factor analysis, CFA),共有546名受访者。结果表明,CSS的6因素模型在土耳其样本中具有更好的拟合性。因子负荷在0.62 - 0.95之间变化,子量表之间的相关性在0.44 - 0.76之间。每个子量表的Cronbach's Alpha和McDonald 's ω系数表明内部一致性良好至优异。为了评估标准相关效度,对参与者使用土耳其版新冠病毒恐惧量表(FCV-19S),并计算该量表与CSS六个子量表之间的相关系数。我们还对相关项目进行了Rasch分析,为六个分量表的单维结构提供了心理测量学证据。最后,按性别、是否患有COVID-19和是否为学生进行了不同项目功能(DIF)分析。总体而言,CFA和Rasch分析的结果都提供了证据,支持CSS作为衡量土耳其样本中COVID-19压力水平的有效性和适当性的实质性方面。
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引用次数: 1
The role of individual differences on epistemic curiosity (EC) and self-regulated learning (SRL) during e-learning: the Turkish context 电子学习中个体差异对认知好奇心和自我调节学习的影响:土耳其语境
IF 0.9 Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.21449/ijate.907186
Ergün Akgün, E. Mede, S. Saraç
This study aims to examine the relations and associations between gender, epistemic curiosity (EC), self-regulated learning (SRL), and attitudes toward e-learning in higher education students. The participants were 2438 (862 males, 1576 females) undergraduate students enrolled in a Turkish university. The regression analysis findings showed that although the effect size was low, attitudes towards e-learning can be predicted significantly by gender, EC, and SRL. Datasets are further analyzed using data mining. The findings of the association rule mining revealed that gender plays an influential role. Several association rules among EC, SRL, and attitudes towards e-learning were detected for female students. The results provide recommendations about using data mining as a statistical method in educational and psychological research.
摘要本研究旨在探讨高等教育学生性别、认知好奇心(EC)、自我调节学习(SRL)与网络学习态度之间的关系与关联。研究对象为土耳其一所大学的2438名本科生(862名男性,1576名女性)。回归分析结果显示,虽然效应量较低,但性别、电子商务、学习语言对电子学习态度有显著的预测作用。使用数据挖掘进一步分析数据集。关联规则挖掘的结果表明,性别在关联规则挖掘中起着重要作用。在女生的电子学习态度中,发现了电子学习行为、自主学习行为和电子学习态度之间的若干关联规则。研究结果为在教育和心理学研究中使用数据挖掘作为统计方法提供了建议。
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引用次数: 0
To what extent are item discrimination values realistic? A new index for two-dimensional structures 项目歧视价值观在多大程度上是现实的?一种新的二维结构索引
IF 0.9 Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.21449/ijate.1098757
A. Kılıç, Ibrahim Uysal
Most researchers investigate the corrected item-total correlation of items when analyzing item discrimination in multi-dimensional structures under the Classical Test Theory, which might lead to underestimating item discrimination, thereby removing items from the test. Researchers might investigate the corrected item-total correlation with the factors to which that item belongs; however, getting a general overview of the entire test is impossible. Based on this problem, this study aims to recommend a new index to investigate item discrimination in two-dimensional structures through a Monte Carlo simulation. The new item discrimination index is evaluated by identifying sample size, item discrimination value, inter-factor correlation, and the number of categories. Based upon the results of the study it can be claimed that the proposed item discrimination index proves acceptable performance for two-dimensional structures. Accordingly, using this new item discrimination index could be recommended to researchers when investigating item discrimination in two-dimensional structures.
在经典测试理论下,大多数研究人员在分析多维结构中的项目歧视时,都会调查项目的修正项目总相关性,这可能会导致低估项目歧视,从而将项目从测试中删除。研究人员可能会调查修正项目与该项目所属因素的总体相关性;然而,要全面了解整个测试是不可能的。基于这一问题,本研究旨在通过蒙特卡罗模拟,推荐一种新的指标来研究二维结构中的项目区分。通过识别样本量、项目判别值、因素间相关性和类别数量来评估新的项目判别指数。基于研究结果,可以声称所提出的项目判别指数证明了二维结构的可接受性能。因此,在研究二维结构中的项目歧视时,可以向研究人员推荐使用这一新的项目歧视指数。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring how the use of a simulation technique can affect EFL students’ willingness to communicate 探究模拟技术的使用如何影响EFL学生的交流意愿
IF 0.9 Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.21449/ijate.987659
Houman Bijani, M. Abbasi
This study is intended to explore an applicable and effective model of simulated situation for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners and also investigate the effects of the simulated environment on Willingness to Communicate (WTC) of the learners. To carry out this study, 300 elementary level EFL learners were chosen. A Key English Test (KET) was administered to ensure homogeneity on the learners. They were divided into two groups of experimental and control. A WTC questionnaire developed by Macintyre, Baker, Clement, and Conrod (2001) was used, after validation through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Modeling, as an instrument to obtain primary data. The results of Mann- Whitney U test revealed that simulated environment had positive effects on the participants’ WTC. The findings of this study suggest that understanding how a simulated environment affects EFL learners’ success in speaking proficiency can help institutes to provide such environments for EFL learners and instructors. This method can be presented at different levels of English proficiency. The focus of this study was mainly on speaking skill; therefore, similar studies can be conducted regarding other language skills, e.g., writing, listening and reading.
本研究旨在为英语学习者探索一种适用且有效的模拟情境模型,并探讨模拟环境对学习者沟通意愿的影响。为了进行这项研究,选择了300名小学英语学习者。为了确保学习者的同质性,进行了关键英语测试(KET)。他们被分为实验组和对照组。Macintyre、Baker、Clement和Conrod(2001)开发的WTC问卷在通过探索性因素分析(EFA)、验证性因素分析和建模进行验证后,被用作获得初步数据的工具。Mann-Whitney U测试结果表明,模拟环境对参与者的WTC有积极影响。本研究的结果表明,了解模拟环境如何影响英语学习者的口语能力,有助于研究机构为英语学习者和教师提供这样的环境。这种方法可以在不同的英语水平上使用。本研究的重点主要是口语技巧;因此,可以对其他语言技能进行类似的研究,例如写作、听力和阅读。
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引用次数: 0
Differential item functioning across gender with MIMIC modeling: PISA 2018 financial literacy items 基于MIMIC模型的跨性别差异项目功能:2018年PISA金融知识项目
IF 0.9 Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.21449/ijate.1076464
F. Saatçi̇oğlu
The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of DIF over the gender variable with the latent class modeling approach. Data were 880 students from the USA who participated in the PISA 2018 8th-grade financial literacy assessment. Latent class analysis (LCA) approach was used to determine the latent classes and the data fit the three-class model better in line with fit indices. To obtain more information about the characteristics of the emerging classes, uniform and non-uniform DIF sources were determined by using the Multiple Indicator Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model. The findings are very important in terms of contributing to the interpretation of latent classes. According to the results, the gender variable is a potential source of DIF for latent class indicators. Gathering unbiased estimates for the measurement and structural parameters, it is important to include direct effects in the classes. Ignoring these effects can lead to incorrect determination of implicit classess. An example of the application of Multiple Indicator Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model showed in a latent class framework with a stepwise approach with this study.
本研究的目的是利用潜在类别建模方法研究性别变量上DIF的存在。数据来自参加2018年国际学生评估项目(PISA) 8年级金融素养评估的880名美国学生。采用潜类分析(LCA)方法确定潜类,数据与三类模型拟合较好,符合拟合指标。为了获得更多关于新兴类别特征的信息,使用多指标多原因(MIMIC)模型确定了均匀和非均匀的DIF源。这些发现对于解释潜在类别非常重要。根据结果,性别变量是潜在类别指标DIF的潜在来源。收集测量和结构参数的无偏估计,重要的是在类中包括直接影响。忽略这些影响可能导致隐式类的错误确定。应用多指标多原因(MIMIC)模型的一个例子显示,在一个潜在的类框架与逐步的方法与本研究。
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引用次数: 0
Which scale short form development method is better? A Comparison of ACO, TS, and SCOFA 哪种规模的短文开发方法更好?ACO、TS和SCOFA的比较
IF 0.9 Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.21449/ijate.946231
Hakan Koğar
The purpose of this study is to identify which scale short-form development method produces better findings in different factor structures. A simulation study was designed based on this purpose. Three different factor structures and three simulation conditions were selected. As the findings of this simulation study, the model-data fit and reliability coefficients were reported for each factor structure in each simulation condition. All analyses were conducted under the R environment. According to the findings of this study, the increase in the level of misspecification and the decrease in the sample size can significantly affect the model-data fit. In a situation where the factor structure of the scale is getting more and more complex, model-data fit and Omega coefficients decrease. For scales with a unidimensional factor structure, all of the scale short-form development methods are recommended. For scales with multidimensional factor structure, Ant Colony Optimization, and Stepwise Confirmatory Factor Analysis algorithms and for scales with bifactor factor structure, the ACO algorithm is recommended. When viewed from the framework of metaheuristic algorithms, it has been identified that ACO produces better findings than Tabu Search.
本研究的目的是确定哪种规模的短期发展方法在不同的因素结构中产生更好的结果。基于此目的设计了一个模拟研究。选择了三种不同的因子结构和三种模拟条件。作为本模拟研究的结果,报告了每个模拟条件下每个因素结构的模型数据拟合和可靠性系数。所有分析均在R环境下进行。根据这项研究的结果,错误指定水平的增加和样本量的减少会显著影响模型数据的拟合。在尺度的因子结构越来越复杂的情况下,模型数据拟合和Omega系数减小。对于具有一维因子结构的量表,推荐所有的量表简式开发方法。对于具有多维因子结构的量表、蚁群优化和逐步验证因子分析算法,以及具有双因子因子结构的尺度,推荐使用ACO算法。从元启发式算法的框架来看,已经发现ACO比Tabu搜索产生更好的结果。
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引用次数: 1
A Comparison of Type I Error and Power Rates in Procedures Used Determining Test Dimensionality 用于确定测试尺寸的程序中I型误差和功率率的比较
IF 0.9 Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.21449/ijate.1059628
Gülru Güler, Nükhet Çikrikçi
The purpose of this study was to investigate the Type I Error findings and power rates of the methods used to determine dimensionality in unidimensional and bidimensional psychological constructs for various conditions (characteristic of the distribution, sample size, length of the test, and interdimensional correlation) and to examine the joint effect of the conditions (effect of the interaction of conditions) as well as the main effect of each condition. The simulative data were generated for the study using the SAS program. Within the scope of the study, the data were analyzed using the DIMTEST T statistic and the Dimensionality DETECT IDN index, which is one of the non-parametric methods. The Nonlinear Factor Analysis (NOHARM) method was preferred from among parametric methods. As a result of the study, it was noted that the most consistent results in making the unidimensionality decisions belong to the Nonlinear Factor Analysis method showing standard normal distribution according to the shape of the distribution. When the power study results were examined, it was noted that the DIMTEST T statistic gave more accurate results in conditions with large samples, consisting of data with standard normal distribution. On the other hand, while results of the DETECT IDN index and Nonlinear factor analysis were more internally consistent, it was noted that in conditions where the sample size was 1000 and above, the DIMTEST T statistic also made the right decisions in determining dimensionality.
本研究的目的是调查在各种条件下(分布特征、样本量、测试长度和维度间相关性),用于确定一维和二维心理结构维度的方法的I型错误发现和幂率,并检查这些条件的联合影响(条件相互作用的影响)以及每个条件的主要影响。使用SAS程序生成用于研究的模拟数据。在研究范围内,使用DIMTEST T统计量和Dimensionality DETECT IDN指数(非参数方法之一)对数据进行分析。在参数方法中,非线性因子分析(NOHARM)方法是优选的。研究结果表明,在做出一维决策时,最一致的结果属于非线性因素分析方法,该方法根据分布的形状显示标准正态分布。当检验功率研究结果时,注意到DIMTEST T统计在大样本条件下给出了更准确的结果,这些数据由标准正态分布的数据组成。另一方面,虽然DETECT IDN指数和非线性因子分析的结果在内部更加一致,但值得注意的是,在样本量为1000及以上的条件下,DIMTEST T统计量在确定维度方面也做出了正确的决定。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Ratio of Items Indicating Differential Item Functioning on Computer Adaptive and Multi-Stage Tests 指示差异项目功能的项目比率对计算机自适应和多阶段测试的影响
IF 0.9 Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.21449/ijate.1105769
Başak ERDEM KARA, Nuri Doğan
Recently, adaptive test approaches have become a viable alternative to traditional fixed-item tests. The main advantage of adaptive tests is that they reach desired measurement precision with fewer items. However, fewer items mean that each item has a more significant effect on ability estimation and therefore those tests are open to more consequential results from any flaw in an item. So, any items indicating differential item functioning (DIF) may play an important role in examinees' test scores. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate the effect of DIF items on the performance of computer adaptive and multi-stage tests. For this purpose, different test designs were tested under different test lengths and ratios of DIF items using Monte Carlo simulation. As a result, it was seen that computer adaptive test (CAT) designs had the best measurement precision over all conditions. When multi-stage test (MST) panel designs were compared, it was found that the 1-3-3 design had higher measurement precision in most of the conditions; however, the findings were not enough to say that 1-3-3 design performed better than the 1-2-4 design. Furthermore, CAT was found to be the least affected design by the increase of ratio of DIF items. MST designs were affected by that increment especially in the 10-item length test.
最近,自适应测试方法已成为传统固定项目测试的可行替代方案。自适应测试的主要优点是,他们达到所需的测量精度较少的项目。然而,更少的项目意味着每个项目对能力估计有更重要的影响,因此这些测试可以从项目中的任何缺陷中获得更重要的结果。因此,任何表明差异项目功能(DIF)的项目都可能在考生的考试成绩中发挥重要作用。因此,本研究旨在探讨DIF项目对计算机自适应测验和多阶段测验成绩的影响。为此,采用蒙特卡罗模拟的方法,在不同的测试长度和DIF项目的比例下,对不同的测试设计进行了测试。结果表明,计算机自适应测试(CAT)设计在所有条件下都具有最佳的测量精度。通过对多阶段试验面板设计的比较,发现1-3-3设计在大多数情况下具有更高的测量精度;然而,研究结果并不足以说明1-3-3设计优于1-2-4设计。此外,增加DIF项目比例对CAT设计的影响最小。MST设计受到这一增量的影响,特别是在10项长度测试中。
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引用次数: 2
Evaluation of Impact Factors of Articles in Scientific Open Access Journals in Turkey 土耳其科学开放获取期刊文章影响因子评价
IF 0.9 Pub Date : 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.21449/ijate.1076989
Orhan Alav
In this study, the phonographic view of the acceleration of scientific publishing in Türkiye has been revealed with TÜBİTAK/DergiPark data and the values of the measurements of the impact factors of scientific journals have been sampled with the SOBIAD Index data. SOBIAD Index dataset was used in the study. Using the "full count" research method, the data were analyzed by providing access to the entire mass, which is the research population, based on purpose-oriented descriptive analysis. In the calculation of the impact factors of the articles in the SOBIAD index, multiple parameters such as the total number of citations of the articles in the journal, citation comparison (percentage) and area-weighted citation impact, new metric joint values and the similarity criteria in the content evaluation were determined. In the study, the measurement and evaluation standards of international impact factor measuring institutions (WOS-SSCI, Google Scholar, Eigenfactor Metrix and Elsevier/Scopus Index) were also used. According to the results of the research, while the average value of the impact factors of scientific journals in Türkiye is 0.19, this is seen as 6,19 in WOS-SSCI. With the research, the examination of the impact factors of scientific journals and articles in Türkiye was presented as an original review through the SOBIAD index sample. In order to increase the quality and impact factor of journal/article in academic publishing in Türkiye, qualified growth is required rather than quantitative growth.
在本研究中,利用TÜBİTAK/DergiPark数据揭示了 rkiye科学出版加速的留音图观点,并利用SOBIAD指数数据对科学期刊影响因子的测量值进行了抽样。本研究采用SOBIAD索引数据集。采用“全计数”研究方法,基于目的导向的描述性分析,通过提供对整个群体(即研究人群)的访问来分析数据。在SOBIAD指数中文章影响因子的计算中,确定了期刊文章总被引次数、被引比较(百分比)和面积加权引用影响等多个参数,以及新的度量联合值和内容评价中的相似度标准。本研究还采用了国际影响因子测量机构的测量评价标准(WOS-SSCI、谷歌Scholar、Eigenfactor Metrix和Elsevier/Scopus Index)。研究结果显示, rkiye科学期刊的影响因子平均值为0.19,而WOS-SSCI的影响因子平均值为6.19。本研究通过SOBIAD索引样本,将科学期刊和论文影响因子的检验作为原创性综述呈现。为了提高期刊/文章在学术出版中的质量和影响因子,需要的是合格的增长,而不是数量的增长。
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引用次数: 1
Investigation of education value perception scale's psychometric properties according to CTT and IRT 基于CTT和IRT的教育价值感知量表心理测量特性研究
IF 0.9 Pub Date : 2022-07-22 DOI: 10.21449/ijate.986530
Harun Di̇lek, Ufuk Akbaş
The purpose of this study is to develop Education Value Perception Scale (EVPS) based on Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Theory and to investigate its psychometric properties according to Classical Test Theory (CTT) and Item Response Theory (IRT). The data were collected from 2872 secondary school students by stratified purposeful sampling method. Measurement invariance of EVPS was tested by multigroup confirmatory factor analysis based on gender, and scalar invariance was observed to have been provided. The estimations based on IRT were conducted based on Graded Response Model. While high positive correlations were found between the item discriminations estimated according to different test theories, high negative correlations were identified between item means. McDonald’s Omega was calculated to be .79 according to CTT from reliability estimation methods, marginal reliability coefficient was determined to be .77 according to IRT. In the test-retest applications performed at 20-day intervals, the stability coefficient was found to be.81.
本研究的目的是在Bronfenbrenner生态理论的基础上开发教育价值感知量表(EVPS),并根据经典测试理论(CTT)和项目反应理论(IRT)研究其心理测量特性。采用分层有目的的抽样方法,从2872名中学生中收集数据。基于性别的多组验证性因素分析检验了EVPS的测量不变性,并观察到其具有标量不变性。基于IRT的估计是基于分级响应模型进行的。虽然根据不同的测试理论估计的项目辨别力之间存在高度正相关,但项目平均值之间存在高度负相关。根据可靠性估计方法的CTT,McDonald’s Omega计算为.79,根据IRT,边际可靠性系数确定为.77。在每隔20天进行的重新测试应用中,发现稳定性系数为81。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education
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