The discovery of novel autoantibodies in neurological disorders contributes to a better understanding of its pathogenesis, improves the accuracy of diagnosis, and leads to new treatment strategies. Advances in techniques for the screening and detection of autoantibodies have enabled the discovery of new antibodies in the central nervous system (CNS) and neuromuscular diseases. Cell-based assays using live or fixed cells overexpressing target antigens are widely used for autoantibody-based diagnosis in clinical practice. Common pathogenic autoantibodies are unknown in most patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Novel pathogenic autoantibodies to aquaporin-4 and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) have been identified in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and MOG antibody-associated disease, respectively. These diseases have clinical similarities to MS, but with the discovery of pathogenic autoantibodies, they are now recognized as distinct disease entities. Antibodies to paranodal membrane proteins such as neurofascin-155, contactin‑1, contactin‑associated protein‑1 in CIDP and muscle-specific kinase and low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein 4 in myasthenia gravis were added to the profiles of autoantibodies in neurological disorders. Despite the relatively low frequency of seropositivity, autoantibody detection is currently essential for the clinical diagnosis of CNS and neuromuscular autoimmune disorders, and differential approaches to seropositive patients will contribute to more personalized medicine. We reviewed recent discoveries of autoantibodies and their clinical implications in CNS and neuromuscular disorders.
{"title":"Autoantibodies in central nervous system and neuromuscular autoimmune disorders: A narrative review","authors":"Mi-Young Jeon, J. Seok, K. Fujihara, B. Kim","doi":"10.23838/pfm.2021.00198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2021.00198","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of novel autoantibodies in neurological disorders contributes to a better understanding of its pathogenesis, improves the accuracy of diagnosis, and leads to new treatment strategies. Advances in techniques for the screening and detection of autoantibodies have enabled the discovery of new antibodies in the central nervous system (CNS) and neuromuscular diseases. Cell-based assays using live or fixed cells overexpressing target antigens are widely used for autoantibody-based diagnosis in clinical practice. Common pathogenic autoantibodies are unknown in most patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Novel pathogenic autoantibodies to aquaporin-4 and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) have been identified in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and MOG antibody-associated disease, respectively. These diseases have clinical similarities to MS, but with the discovery of pathogenic autoantibodies, they are now recognized as distinct disease entities. Antibodies to paranodal membrane proteins such as neurofascin-155, contactin‑1, contactin‑associated protein‑1 in CIDP and muscle-specific kinase and low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein 4 in myasthenia gravis were added to the profiles of autoantibodies in neurological disorders. Despite the relatively low frequency of seropositivity, autoantibody detection is currently essential for the clinical diagnosis of CNS and neuromuscular autoimmune disorders, and differential approaches to seropositive patients will contribute to more personalized medicine. We reviewed recent discoveries of autoantibodies and their clinical implications in CNS and neuromuscular disorders.","PeriodicalId":42462,"journal":{"name":"Precision and Future Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44794483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. S. Cho, Eunkyu Lee, Hokyung Jin, D. Oh, Han-Sin Jeong
Purpose: Despite the promising palliative effects of radiation treatment, few reports have studied the role of palliative tumor surgery (PTS) in patients with unresectable head and neck cancer (HNC). Thus, we aimed to present the outcomes of PTS in HNC, and suggest a possible surgical indication for PTS.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 18 patients who underwent PTS for HNC between 2002 and 2017. PTS was defined as surgical debulking of tumor or surgery of loco-regionaltumors in patients with distant metastasis. As functional outcomes, we evaluated changes in pain, diet, respiration, and wound care before and after PTS.Results: Squamous cell carcinoma was the common cancer type (72.2%), followed by salivary gland cancers and others. The median overall survival time was 17 months (95% confidence interval, 7.3 to 26.7). PTS significantly reduced the pain score (P= 0.013), and improved cancer-related wounds (P=0.003 in wound infection). Oral swallowing and respiration status did not change after PTS. The recurrenttumor atthe operation bed was clinically detected at post-operative 1 to 2 months with intact skin (without wound problems). Of note, further chemotherapy or other additional cancer treatments was possible in 66.7% of patients with PTS (P=0.002).Conclusion: PTS could provide a meaningful benefitto selected patients with incurable HNC, in terms of pain control and cancer wound management. Thus, PTS is a considerable option for selected HNC patients, based on the accurate evaluation oftumor extent along with multi-disciplinary consultation as well as patient counseling.
{"title":"Palliative tumor surgery for incurable head and neck cancer: indications and outcomes: A retrospective case review","authors":"Y. S. Cho, Eunkyu Lee, Hokyung Jin, D. Oh, Han-Sin Jeong","doi":"10.23838/pfm.2022.00037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2022.00037","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Despite the promising palliative effects of radiation treatment, few reports have studied the role of palliative tumor surgery (PTS) in patients with unresectable head and neck cancer (HNC). Thus, we aimed to present the outcomes of PTS in HNC, and suggest a possible surgical indication for PTS.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 18 patients who underwent PTS for HNC between 2002 and 2017. PTS was defined as surgical debulking of tumor or surgery of loco-regionaltumors in patients with distant metastasis. As functional outcomes, we evaluated changes in pain, diet, respiration, and wound care before and after PTS.Results: Squamous cell carcinoma was the common cancer type (72.2%), followed by salivary gland cancers and others. The median overall survival time was 17 months (95% confidence interval, 7.3 to 26.7). PTS significantly reduced the pain score (P= 0.013), and improved cancer-related wounds (P=0.003 in wound infection). Oral swallowing and respiration status did not change after PTS. The recurrenttumor atthe operation bed was clinically detected at post-operative 1 to 2 months with intact skin (without wound problems). Of note, further chemotherapy or other additional cancer treatments was possible in 66.7% of patients with PTS (P=0.002).Conclusion: PTS could provide a meaningful benefitto selected patients with incurable HNC, in terms of pain control and cancer wound management. Thus, PTS is a considerable option for selected HNC patients, based on the accurate evaluation oftumor extent along with multi-disciplinary consultation as well as patient counseling.","PeriodicalId":42462,"journal":{"name":"Precision and Future Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48209893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ménière’s disease (MD) is a multifactorial disorder with typical symptoms of recurrent vertigo, tinnitus, fluctuating hearing loss, and sensations of ear fullness. This disease greatly reduces the quality of life for patients. Unfortunately, it is difficult to diagnose and predictthe prognosis using only diagnostic methods, including audiometry. Therefore, since the mid-2000s, various efforts have been made to directly identify endolymphatic hydrops (EH), a histologic hallmark of MD, through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the inner ear. Various studies have revealed significant correlation among degree of EH on inner ear MRI, patient symptoms, and test results. Although there are some limitations, inner ear MRI is expected to be widely used for differential diagnosis of MD, recurrent low-frequency hearing loss, non-specific vertigo, and vestibular migraine. In addition, as an automated analysis system of EH using the convolutional neural network algorithm has been developed,the usefulness of inner ear MRI is increasing. This algorithm can generate results that are highly consistent with those generated by manual calculation and can do so more quickly. Although there are some limitations to be overcome, inner ear MRI is expected to be widely used for differential diagnosis of various EH-related diseases in the not-too-distantfuture.
{"title":"The usefulness of inner ear magnetic resonance imaging in patient with Ménière’s disease: A narrative review","authors":"Y. Cho, B. Song, Baek Hwan Cho, W. Chung","doi":"10.23838/pfm.2022.00051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2022.00051","url":null,"abstract":"Ménière’s disease (MD) is a multifactorial disorder with typical symptoms of recurrent vertigo, tinnitus, fluctuating hearing loss, and sensations of ear fullness. This disease greatly reduces the quality of life for patients. Unfortunately, it is difficult to diagnose and predictthe prognosis using only diagnostic methods, including audiometry. Therefore, since the mid-2000s, various efforts have been made to directly identify endolymphatic hydrops (EH), a histologic hallmark of MD, through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the inner ear. Various studies have revealed significant correlation among degree of EH on inner ear MRI, patient symptoms, and test results. Although there are some limitations, inner ear MRI is expected to be widely used for differential diagnosis of MD, recurrent low-frequency hearing loss, non-specific vertigo, and vestibular migraine. In addition, as an automated analysis system of EH using the convolutional neural network algorithm has been developed,the usefulness of inner ear MRI is increasing. This algorithm can generate results that are highly consistent with those generated by manual calculation and can do so more quickly. Although there are some limitations to be overcome, inner ear MRI is expected to be widely used for differential diagnosis of various EH-related diseases in the not-too-distantfuture.","PeriodicalId":42462,"journal":{"name":"Precision and Future Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44998878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Message from the Precision and Future Medicine editors to our ad hoc reviewers","authors":"Oh Young Bang","doi":"10.23838/pfm.2022.00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2022.00016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42462,"journal":{"name":"Precision and Future Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44041465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and imaging techniques such as chest radiography, computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play an important role in its diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, post-operative surveillance, and treatment response evaluation. Pulmonary MRI can non-invasively visualize structural and functional abnormalities in the lungs without using ionizing radiation, although it has been suggested that it has less clinical utility than chest radiography, CT, and PET/CT for thoracic diseases, especially lung diseases. With recent advances related to MRI pulse sequences, pulmonary MRI has become practicable in an expanding number of clinical situations. This review article focuses on recent advances in MRI and discusses its clinical applications in the detection, diagnosis, staging, pre-operative evaluation, post-operative surveillance, and treatment response evaluation of lung cancer.
{"title":"Magnetic resonance imaging for lung cancer: a state-of-the-art review","authors":"S. Bak, C. Kim, C. Kim, Y. Ohno, Ho Yun Lee","doi":"10.23838/pfm.2021.00170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2021.00170","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and imaging techniques such as chest radiography, computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play an important role in its diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, post-operative surveillance, and treatment response evaluation. Pulmonary MRI can non-invasively visualize structural and functional abnormalities in the lungs without using ionizing radiation, although it has been suggested that it has less clinical utility than chest radiography, CT, and PET/CT for thoracic diseases, especially lung diseases. With recent advances related to MRI pulse sequences, pulmonary MRI has become practicable in an expanding number of clinical situations. This review article focuses on recent advances in MRI and discusses its clinical applications in the detection, diagnosis, staging, pre-operative evaluation, post-operative surveillance, and treatment response evaluation of lung cancer.","PeriodicalId":42462,"journal":{"name":"Precision and Future Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42582186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Migraine is a very common brain disorder that causes throbbing headaches of moderate-to-severe intensity that are associated with a variety of symptoms like nausea, vomiting, multisensory hypersensitivity, dizziness, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and sleep problems, among others. The diverse symptomatology of migraine hints at the complexity of the disease and implies the involvement of multiple nervous system components, including the somatosensory, executive, autonomic, endocrine, and arousal networks. The major pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for migraine attacks have been identified over the past several decades, and the elucidation of these mechanisms has brought about remarkable advances in therapeutic strategies, including the creation of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide therapeutics—the newest addition to the list of anti-migraine therapies. However, current knowledge on the pathophysiologic mechanisms of migraine remains incomplete and treatments are only partially effective, with the involvement of the limbic system being less often recognized and symptoms related to the limbic system being undertreated. This article reviews recent advances in understanding the pathophysiologic roles of the limbic system in migraine and how the limbic system contributes to clinical features observed in migraine.
{"title":"The under-recognized but essential role of the limbic system in the migraine brain: a narrative review","authors":"C. Chung, T. Schwedt","doi":"10.23838/pfm.2020.00142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2020.00142","url":null,"abstract":"Migraine is a very common brain disorder that causes throbbing headaches of moderate-to-severe intensity that are associated with a variety of symptoms like nausea, vomiting, multisensory hypersensitivity, dizziness, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, and sleep problems, among others. The diverse symptomatology of migraine hints at the complexity of the disease and implies the involvement of multiple nervous system components, including the somatosensory, executive, autonomic, endocrine, and arousal networks. The major pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for migraine attacks have been identified over the past several decades, and the elucidation of these mechanisms has brought about remarkable advances in therapeutic strategies, including the creation of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide therapeutics—the newest addition to the list of anti-migraine therapies. However, current knowledge on the pathophysiologic mechanisms of migraine remains incomplete and treatments are only partially effective, with the involvement of the limbic system being less often recognized and symptoms related to the limbic system being undertreated. This article reviews recent advances in understanding the pathophysiologic roles of the limbic system in migraine and how the limbic system contributes to clinical features observed in migraine.","PeriodicalId":42462,"journal":{"name":"Precision and Future Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41661647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Health screening is an important component of health promotion programs, and run trials have promoted general health screening targeting the prevention and early man agent of common chronic diseases. In Korea, a General Health Screening Program (GHSP) gan with workers in the 1950s and continuously expanded its target population, And currently includes the adult population. The main target diseases are cerebro - and cardiovascular diseases, including hypertensions, diabetes Mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity, and related health behaviors. Other target conditions include other diseases (e.g., animia, live diseases, visual/auditor improvement), mental health (e.g., depression)), The National Health Information Database, including GHSP information, is now extensively used in clinical and public health research. The participation rate is currently 70% to 80%, but varies according to age, disability, And the socio-economic status. There is a need for a more systematic evaluation of the screening items, reducing dispersion gaps in segmentation, and linking GHSP to actual health promotion
{"title":"National General Health Screening Program in Korea: history, current status, and future direction: A scoping review","authors":"D. Shin, Juhee Cho, Jae-Hyun Park, B. Cho","doi":"10.23838/pfm.2021.00135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2021.00135","url":null,"abstract":"Health\u0007screening\u0007is\u0007an\u0007important\u0007component\u0007of\u0007health\u0007promotion\u0007programs,\u0007and\u0007coun-tries\u0007have\u0007promoted\u0007general\u0007health\u0007screening\u0007targeting\u0007the\u0007prevention\u0007and\u0007early\u0007man- agement\u0007of\u0007common\u0007chronic\u0007diseases.\u0007In\u0007Korea,\u0007a\u0007General\u0007Health\u0007Screening\u0007Program\u0007 (GHSP)\u0007began\u0007with\u0007workers\u0007in\u0007the\u00071950s\u0007and\u0007continuously\u0007expanded\u0007its\u0007target\u0007popula-tion,\u0007and\u0007currently\u0007includes\u0007the\u0007adult\u0007population.\u0007The\u0007main\u0007target\u0007diseases\u0007are\u0007cerebro-\u0007 and\u0007cardiovascular\u0007diseases,\u0007including\u0007hypertension,\u0007diabetes\u0007mellitus,\u0007dyslipidemia,\u0007 obesity,\u0007and\u0007related\u0007health\u0007behaviors.\u0007Other\u0007target\u0007conditions\u0007include\u0007other\u0007diseases\u0007 (e.g.,\u0007anemia,\u0007liver\u0007disease,\u0007visual/auditory\u0007impairment),\u0007mental\u0007health\u0007(e.g.,\u0007depres-sion),\u0007and\u0007geriatric\u0007disease\u0007and\u0007function\u0007(osteoporosis,\u0007dementia,\u0007risk\u0007of\u0007fall,\u0007etc.).\u0007The\u0007 National\u0007Health\u0007Information\u0007Database,\u0007including\u0007GHSP\u0007information,\u0007is\u0007now\u0007extensively\u0007 used\u0007in\u0007clinical\u0007and\u0007public\u0007health\u0007research.\u0007The\u0007participation\u0007rate\u0007is\u0007currently\u000770%\u0007to\u0007 80%,\u0007but\u0007varies\u0007according\u0007to\u0007age,\u0007disability,\u0007and\u0007the\u0007socioeconomic\u0007status.\u0007There\u0007is\u0007a\u0007 need\u0007for\u0007a\u0007more\u0007systematic\u0007evaluation\u0007of\u0007the\u0007screening\u0007items,\u0007reducing\u0007disparity\u0007gaps\u0007 in\u0007participation,\u0007and\u0007linking\u0007GHSP\u0007to\u0007actual\u0007health\u0007promotion.","PeriodicalId":42462,"journal":{"name":"Precision and Future Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46986770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common among cardiac arrhythmias, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. For its diagnosis, documentation of the electrocardiographic tracing is required. The use of eletrocardiogram has been established as a valuable noninvasive diagnostic tool, and the interpretation of electrocardiographic records using deep learning models has attracted significant attention in recent years. Relying on signal-to-image and transfer learning approaches, this study is aimed at the development of a deep neural network for classifying binary electrocardiographic records according to their rhythm, i.e., normal or AF.Methods: Electrocardiographic records labeled as normal (n = 917) or AF (n = 1,097) from the China Physiological Signal Challenge 2018 were collected and used to generate images, which were split into training and test sets and used as inputs to a dense convolutional neural network (DCNN). For the training, transfer learning with a fine tuning of all layers was applied. For a performance evaluation of the test set, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1-score, and area under the curve (AUC) were used as metrics.Results: For the test set, the proposed model achieved an accuracy of 99.34%, sensitivity of 98.85%, specificity of 100.00%, F1-score, of 99.42%, and AUC of 0.99.Conclusion: To validate the methodology, as well as apply it to the multilabel classification of arrhythmia, it is important that further studies adopting this approach be conducted for the detection of AF in larger volumes of data.
{"title":"Automated atrial fibrillation recognition in 12- lead electrocardiographic records: a signal to image and transfer learning approach: A case-control accuracy study","authors":"Elena Caires Silveira","doi":"10.23838/pfm.2021.00058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2021.00058","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common among cardiac arrhythmias, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. For its diagnosis, documentation of the electrocardiographic tracing is required. The use of eletrocardiogram has been established as a valuable noninvasive diagnostic tool, and the interpretation of electrocardiographic records using deep learning models has attracted significant attention in recent years. Relying on signal-to-image and transfer learning approaches, this study is aimed at the development of a deep neural network for classifying binary electrocardiographic records according to their rhythm, i.e., normal or AF.Methods: Electrocardiographic records labeled as normal (n = 917) or AF (n = 1,097) from the China Physiological Signal Challenge 2018 were collected and used to generate images, which were split into training and test sets and used as inputs to a dense convolutional neural network (DCNN). For the training, transfer learning with a fine tuning of all layers was applied. For a performance evaluation of the test set, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1-score, and area under the curve (AUC) were used as metrics.Results: For the test set, the proposed model achieved an accuracy of 99.34%, sensitivity of 98.85%, specificity of 100.00%, F1-score, of 99.42%, and AUC of 0.99.Conclusion: To validate the methodology, as well as apply it to the multilabel classification of arrhythmia, it is important that further studies adopting this approach be conducted for the detection of AF in larger volumes of data.","PeriodicalId":42462,"journal":{"name":"Precision and Future Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44412026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pharmacogenetics-based personalized treatment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease A narrative review","authors":"Ji-Young Chang, J. Cheon","doi":"10.23838/pfm.2021.00128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2021.00128","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42462,"journal":{"name":"Precision and Future Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45293712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Son, I. Lee, Sung Hwan Cho, B. Park, H. S. Kim, S. B. Park, H. W. Kim, Sang-Bo Oh, Tae Un Kim, D. Shin
The early rectal cancer (ERC) has increased with the national cancer screening project for early detection of colorectal cancer. The gold standard treatment for low rectal cancer is low anterior resection (LAR) based on total mesorectal excision. However, radical resection results in a high mortality and complication rate, and the deterioration of quality of life due to LAR syndrome, genitourinary dysfunction, and possible permanent stoma. Local excision with chemoradiation therapy could be one of the alternative therapeutic strategies for the organ preservation and a cure of cancer. To decide the treat-ment strategies, it is important to establish sophisticated indications that can maximize the therapeutic effect. ERC has heterogeneous pathological features, including aggressive behavior and occult lymph node metastasis, with different responses to chemora-diotherapy. Therefore, radiologic, endoscopic and pathologic evaluation to predict the risk of lymph node metastasis and local recurrence has been evolving to determine the optimal treatment strategy in the patient-tailored medicine. Recently, the long-term outcomes of prospective randomized clinical trials provide new hope for organ preservation in patients with ERC. In this paper, we aim to review various risk factors related to local recurrence and discuss the optimal treatment strategy for ERC
{"title":"Multidisciplinary treatment strategy for early rectal cancer A review","authors":"G. Son, I. Lee, Sung Hwan Cho, B. Park, H. S. Kim, S. B. Park, H. W. Kim, Sang-Bo Oh, Tae Un Kim, D. Shin","doi":"10.23838/pfm.2021.00163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2021.00163","url":null,"abstract":"The early rectal cancer (ERC) has increased with the national cancer screening project for early detection of colorectal cancer. The gold standard treatment for low rectal cancer is low anterior resection (LAR) based on total mesorectal excision. However, radical resection results in a high mortality and complication rate, and the deterioration of quality of life due to LAR syndrome, genitourinary dysfunction, and possible permanent stoma. Local excision with chemoradiation therapy could be one of the alternative therapeutic strategies for the organ preservation and a cure of cancer. To decide the treat-ment strategies, it is important to establish sophisticated indications that can maximize the therapeutic effect. ERC has heterogeneous pathological features, including aggressive behavior and occult lymph node metastasis, with different responses to chemora-diotherapy. Therefore, radiologic, endoscopic and pathologic evaluation to predict the risk of lymph node metastasis and local recurrence has been evolving to determine the optimal treatment strategy in the patient-tailored medicine. Recently, the long-term outcomes of prospective randomized clinical trials provide new hope for organ preservation in patients with ERC. In this paper, we aim to review various risk factors related to local recurrence and discuss the optimal treatment strategy for ERC","PeriodicalId":42462,"journal":{"name":"Precision and Future Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46768831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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