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Risk-sensitive control, single controller games and linear programming 风险敏感控制、单控制器博弈和线性规划
IF 0.9 Q3 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.3934/jdg.2023024
V. Borkar
This article recalls the recent work on a linear programming formulation of infinite horizon risk-sensitive control via its equivalence with a single controller game, using a classic work of Vrieze. This is then applied to a constrained risk-sensitive control problem with a risk-sensitive cost and risk-sensitive constraint. This facilitates a Lagrange multiplier based resolution thereof. In the process, this leads to an unconstrained linear program and its dual, parametrized by a parameter that is a surrogate for Lagrange multiplier. This also opens up the possibility of a primal - dual type numerical scheme wherein the linear program is a subroutine within the subgradient ascent based update rule for the Lagrange multiplier. This equivalent unconstrained risk-sensitive control formulation does not seem obvious without the linear programming equivalents as intermediaries. We also discuss briefly other related algorithmic possibilities for future research.
本文利用 Vrieze 的经典著作,通过与单控制器博弈的等价性,回顾了近期关于无限视距风险敏感控制的线性规划表述的工作。然后将其应用于具有风险敏感成本和风险敏感约束的约束风险敏感控制问题。这有助于基于拉格朗日乘数的解决方法。在此过程中,会产生一个无约束线性程序及其对偶程序,该程序的参数是拉格朗日乘数的代用参数。这也为原始-对偶型数值方案提供了可能性,其中线性程序是基于子梯度上升的拉格朗日乘法器更新规则中的一个子程序。如果没有线性规划等价物作为中介,这种等价的无约束风险敏感控制表述似乎并不明显。我们还简要讨论了未来研究的其他相关算法可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Network games and solutions from decomposition techniques 网络游戏和解决方案从分解技术
IF 0.9 Q3 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jdg.2023009
J. Sánchez-Pérez
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引用次数: 0
Self-regulated biological transportation structures with general entropy dissipations, part Ⅰ: The 1D case 具有一般熵耗散的自我调节生物运输结构,部分Ⅰ:一维情况
Q3 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jdg.2023022
Clarissa Astuto, Jan Haskovec, Peter Markowich, Simone Portaro
We study self-regulating processes modeling biological transportation networks as presented in [15]. In particular, we focus on the 1D setting for Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions. We prove an existence and uniqueness result under the assumption of positivity of the diffusivity $ D $. We explore systematically various scenarios and gain insights into the behavior of $ D $ and its impact on the studied system. This involves analyzing the system with a signed measure distribution of sources and sinks. Finally, we perform several numerical tests in which the solution $ D $ touches zero, confirming the previous hints of local existence in particular cases.
我们研究了模拟生物运输网络的自调节过程,如[15]所示。我们特别关注Dirichlet和Neumann边界条件的一维设置。我们证明了在扩散系数为正的假设下的一个存在唯一性结果。我们系统地探索各种场景,并深入了解$ D $的行为及其对所研究系统的影响。这包括用源和汇的有符号测量分布来分析系统。最后,我们进行了几个解$ D $为零的数值测试,在特定情况下证实了前面的局部存在性提示。
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引用次数: 0
Optimal economic policy and growth in an open economy 开放经济中的最优经济政策与增长
IF 0.9 Q3 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jdg.2023008
E. Casares, M. García-Salazar
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引用次数: 0
Empowering of candidates and parties in single term vs re-election schemes 在单一任期与连任计划中赋予候选人和政党权力
Q3 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jdg.2023019
Fernanda Herrera López, David Cantala
Agenda setting is a key feature of political systems. We propose a novel approach to contrast the respective power of candidates and parties when bargaining over agenda, which consists in comparing the simulations of four institutional models: single term with candidates proposing, single term with parties proposing, two-term with candidates proposing and two-term with parties proposing. Valences of candidates and preferences for alternation of voters are two important components of the analysis. Simulations establish that two-term schemes are inefficient, while term limits is a second order component of the agenda setting bargaining, while the offering side is the main component.
议程设置是政治制度的一个重要特征。我们提出了一种新的方法来对比候选人和政党在议程讨价还价时各自的权力,该方法包括比较四种制度模型的模拟:候选人提出的单任期、政党提出的单任期、候选人提出的两任期和政党提出的两任期。候选人的价值和对选民交替的偏好是分析的两个重要组成部分。模拟结果表明,两任期方案效率低下,任期限制是议程设定谈判的次要组成部分,而要约方是主要组成部分。
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引用次数: 0
Appraising the convenience of a call-based dynamical hedging strategy for an oil-company 评价石油公司基于看涨期权的动态套期保值策略的便利性
Q3 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jdg.2023015
Claudio RISSO, Juan Piccini, Bernardo Zimberg
This paper presents a quantitative approach to hedging financial risks associated with changes in international oil prices for companies that import crude oil. The authors utilize the Geometric Brownian Motion model to capture the dynamic behavior of prices over time. To determine the optimal use of Call-options, the authors formulate a linear problem that minimizes the Conditional Value-at-Risk of the distribution of losses relative to the expected budget. The solution to this problem is obtained through a combination of Linear Programming optimization and Monte Carlo simulation. It enables the identification of the best Call-option offer that minimizes the risk of financial losses while staying within budget constraints. The validity of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through detailed examples that showcase its capabilities.
本文为进口原油的公司提供了一种定量的方法来对冲与国际石油价格变化相关的金融风险。作者利用几何布朗运动模型来捕捉价格随时间的动态行为。为了确定看涨期权的最佳使用,作者制定了一个线性问题,使相对于预期预算的损失分布的条件风险值最小化。通过线性规划优化和蒙特卡罗仿真相结合的方法,得到了该问题的求解方法。它能够识别最佳看涨期权报价,使财务损失风险最小化,同时保持在预算限制之内。通过详细的实例证明了所提出方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Turret escape differential game 炮塔逃生微分对策
Q3 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jdg.2023012
Alexander Von Moll, Zachariah Fuchs, Daigo Shishika, Dipankar Maity, Michael Dorothy, Meir Pachter
In this paper, a zero-sum differential game is formulated and solved in which a mobile Evader seeks to escape from within a circle at whose origin lies a stationary, turn-constrained Turret. The scenario is a variant of the famous Lady in the Lake game in which the shore-constrained Pursuer has been replaced with the Turret. As in the former, it is assumed that the Turret's maximum angular rate is greater than the linear velocity of the Evader. Since two outcomes are possible, a Game of Kind arises - either the Evader wins by reaching the perimeter of the circle, or the Turret wins by aligning with the latter's position. A barrier surface partitions the state space into two regions corresponding to these two outcomes and a Game of Degree is solved within each region. The solutions to the Games of Degree are comprised of the Value functions (i.e., the equilibrium value of the cost/utility as a function of the state) and the saddle-point equilibrium control policies for the two players. Like the Lady in the Lake game, the equilibrium policy of the Evader is not uniquely defined where it has angular rate advantage over the Turret. Unlike the Lady in the Lake game, the losing region for the Evader is present for all speed ratios, and there is an additional semi-permeable surface separating center- and shore-bound Evader trajectories. The solution depends heavily upon the speed ratio of the agents; in particular, there are two speed ratio regimes with distinctive solution structures.
本文建立并求解了一个零和微分博弈,其中一个移动的逃兵试图从一个原点有一个静止的、有回合约束的炮塔的圆内逃跑。这个场景是著名的“湖中淑女”游戏的一个变体,在这个游戏中,受海岸限制的追击者被炮塔取代。与前者一样,假设炮塔的最大角速度大于规避器的线速度。因为有两种可能的结果,所以就产生了一种“同类游戏”——要么逃避者通过到达圆圈的周长而获胜,要么炮塔通过与后者的位置对齐而获胜。屏障表面将状态空间划分为两个区域,对应这两个结果,并在每个区域内求解一个度博弈。度博弈的解决方案由价值函数(即成本/效用的均衡值作为状态的函数)和两个参与者的鞍点均衡控制策略组成。就像湖上的女人一样,逃避者的平衡策略并不是唯一定义的,因为它比炮塔有角度速率优势。与《湖中女子》游戏不同的是,Evader的损失区域适用于所有速比,并且有一个额外的半渗透表面,将中心和岸边的Evader轨迹分开。解决方案在很大程度上取决于药剂的速比;特别地,有两种速比结构具有不同的溶液结构。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic stability of the set of Nash equilibria in stable stochastic games 稳定随机对策中纳什均衡集的动态稳定性
IF 0.9 Q3 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jdg.2023004
Divya Murali, A. Shaiju
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引用次数: 0
Cooperation in problems of common-pool resources 共同资源问题的合作
IF 0.9 Q3 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jdg.2023010
Jesús Erubiel Ordaz-Cuevas, J. Sánchez-Pérez
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引用次数: 0
Existence and computation of stationary solutions for congestion-type mean field games via bifurcation theory and forward-forward problems 用分岔理论和正-正问题求解拥塞型平均场对策平稳解的存在与计算
Q3 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.3934/jdg.2023014
Joshua Sin, John W. Bonnes, Luke C. Brown, David M. Ambrose
Time-dependent mean field games are a coupled system of a forward parabolic and backward parabolic partial differential equation. Stationary solutions are of interest, and then naturally the forward-backward structure in time becomes irrelevant. Forward-forward mean field games have been introduced with the rationale that they may be used to straightforwardly compute such stationary solutions. We perform some numerical simulations to find that typically stationary solutions of mean field games are unstable to the forward-forward evolution, i.e. frequently only trivial solutions can be found in this way. We then ask whether there are situations in which one would have reason to believe that the stationary solutions would be stable, and we use the exchange-of-stability phenomenon in bifurcation theory to give a class of examples for which the forward-forward solutions do converge to nontrivial stationary solutions as time increases.
时变平均场对策是一个前向抛物型和后向抛物型偏微分方程的耦合系统。固定的解是有趣的,然后自然的向前向后的时间结构就变得无关紧要了。引入前向平均场博弈的基本原理是,它们可以直接用于计算这种固定解。我们进行了数值模拟,发现平均场博弈的典型平稳解对前向演化是不稳定的,即通常只能找到平凡解。然后,我们问是否存在人们有理由相信平稳解是稳定的情况,并且我们使用分岔理论中的稳定性交换现象给出了一类随着时间的增加,正向解确实收敛于非平凡平稳解的例子。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Dynamics and Games
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