A. Pamula, Achyuth Ravilla, Saisantosh Vamshi Harsha Madiraju
: Sensor networks using the Internet of Things (IoT) are gaining momentum for real-time monitoring of the environment. Increased use of natural resources due to a rise in agriculture production, manufacturing, and civil infrastructure poses a challenge to sustainable growth and development of the global economy. For sustainable use of natural resources (including air, soil, and water), data-driven modeling is needed to understand and simulate contaminant transport and proliferation. Different logging devices are specifically designed to integrate with environmental sensors that send real-time data to the cloud using IoT systems for monitoring. The IoT systems use an LTE network or Wi-Fi to transmit air, water, and soil quality data to the cloud networks. This seamless integration between the logging devices and IoT sensors creates an autonomous monitoring system that can observe environmental parameters in real-time. Various federal organizations and industries have implemented the IoT-based sensor network to monitor real-time air quality parameters (particulate matter, gaseous pollutants), water quality parameters (turbidity, pH, temperature, and specific conductance), and soil parameters (moisture content, soil nutrients). Although several organizations have used IoT systems to monitor environmental parameters, a proper framework to make the monitoring systems reliable and cost-efficient was not explored. The main objective of this study is to present a framework that combines a sensing layer, a network layer, and a visualization layer, allowing modelers and other stakeholders to observe a progressive trend in environmental data while being cost-efficient. This efficient real-time monitoring framework with IoT systems helps in developing robust statistical and mathematical models. The sustainable development of smart cities while maintaining public health requires reliable environmental monitoring data that can be possible by the proposed IoT framework.
{"title":"Applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) in Real-Time Monitoring of Contaminants in the Air, Water, and Soil","authors":"A. Pamula, Achyuth Ravilla, Saisantosh Vamshi Harsha Madiraju","doi":"10.3390/ecsa-9-13335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-9-13335","url":null,"abstract":": Sensor networks using the Internet of Things (IoT) are gaining momentum for real-time monitoring of the environment. Increased use of natural resources due to a rise in agriculture production, manufacturing, and civil infrastructure poses a challenge to sustainable growth and development of the global economy. For sustainable use of natural resources (including air, soil, and water), data-driven modeling is needed to understand and simulate contaminant transport and proliferation. Different logging devices are specifically designed to integrate with environmental sensors that send real-time data to the cloud using IoT systems for monitoring. The IoT systems use an LTE network or Wi-Fi to transmit air, water, and soil quality data to the cloud networks. This seamless integration between the logging devices and IoT sensors creates an autonomous monitoring system that can observe environmental parameters in real-time. Various federal organizations and industries have implemented the IoT-based sensor network to monitor real-time air quality parameters (particulate matter, gaseous pollutants), water quality parameters (turbidity, pH, temperature, and specific conductance), and soil parameters (moisture content, soil nutrients). Although several organizations have used IoT systems to monitor environmental parameters, a proper framework to make the monitoring systems reliable and cost-efficient was not explored. The main objective of this study is to present a framework that combines a sensing layer, a network layer, and a visualization layer, allowing modelers and other stakeholders to observe a progressive trend in environmental data while being cost-efficient. This efficient real-time monitoring framework with IoT systems helps in developing robust statistical and mathematical models. The sustainable development of smart cities while maintaining public health requires reliable environmental monitoring data that can be possible by the proposed IoT framework.","PeriodicalId":427594,"journal":{"name":"The 9th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134115110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adir Krayden, Maayan Schohet, Oz Shmueli, Dima Shlenkevitch, Tanya Blank, S. Stolyarova, Y. Nemirovsky
{"title":"CMOS-MEMS Gas Sensor Dubbed GMOS for SelectiveAnalysis of Gases with Tiny Edge Machine Learning","authors":"Adir Krayden, Maayan Schohet, Oz Shmueli, Dima Shlenkevitch, Tanya Blank, S. Stolyarova, Y. Nemirovsky","doi":"10.3390/ecsa-9-13316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-9-13316","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":427594,"journal":{"name":"The 9th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130598617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Deep-Learning-Based Approach for Saliency Determination on Point Clouds","authors":"Yassine Souai, Ghazal Rouhafzay, A. Crétu","doi":"10.3390/ecsa-9-13271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-9-13271","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":427594,"journal":{"name":"The 9th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133858937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: An FPGA based hardware accelerator for bio-signal digital filtering in a neonatal heart rate monitoring system employing electric potential sensors (EPS) is presented. The proposed system contains a single hardware filter stage for antialiasing, with the remaining digital signal processing required to provide a clinical standard ECG performed on an FPGA (National Instruments myRIO 1900). This is compared with a previous microprocessor version (Raspberry Pi 3, BCM2837 processor) containing a dual hardware/software filtering scheme, with the aim of simplifying the analog front end and allowing for reconfigurable filtering in the digital domain. A custom neonate phantom was employed to emulate real world conditions and ambient noise. The developed FPGA system was shown to have a signal quality comparable with the microprocessor implementation, with an average signal to noise ratio loss of 2%. A 12 dB increase in attenuation of the predominant 50 Hz noise and a 90% reduction in energy per sample filtered was shown compared to the microprocessor version, indicating both efficiency and filter effectiveness gains. The phantom was used to broadcast data from the preterm infant cardio-respiratory signals database (PICSDB) and the FPGA filtering scheme was shown to remove the majority of the ambient 50 Hz noise with an average reduction of 30 dB, and provided a clean ECG signal. These results demonstrate that FPGA filtered EPS ECGs have comparable signal quality to the combined HW/SW filtering implementation, with a reduction in complexity and power consumption.
{"title":"FPGA Implementation of ECG Signal Processing for Use in a Neonatal Heart Rate Monitoring System","authors":"Henry Dore, R. Aviles-Espinosa, E. Rendon-Morales","doi":"10.3390/ecsa-9-13258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-9-13258","url":null,"abstract":": An FPGA based hardware accelerator for bio-signal digital filtering in a neonatal heart rate monitoring system employing electric potential sensors (EPS) is presented. The proposed system contains a single hardware filter stage for antialiasing, with the remaining digital signal processing required to provide a clinical standard ECG performed on an FPGA (National Instruments myRIO 1900). This is compared with a previous microprocessor version (Raspberry Pi 3, BCM2837 processor) containing a dual hardware/software filtering scheme, with the aim of simplifying the analog front end and allowing for reconfigurable filtering in the digital domain. A custom neonate phantom was employed to emulate real world conditions and ambient noise. The developed FPGA system was shown to have a signal quality comparable with the microprocessor implementation, with an average signal to noise ratio loss of 2%. A 12 dB increase in attenuation of the predominant 50 Hz noise and a 90% reduction in energy per sample filtered was shown compared to the microprocessor version, indicating both efficiency and filter effectiveness gains. The phantom was used to broadcast data from the preterm infant cardio-respiratory signals database (PICSDB) and the FPGA filtering scheme was shown to remove the majority of the ambient 50 Hz noise with an average reduction of 30 dB, and provided a clean ECG signal. These results demonstrate that FPGA filtered EPS ECGs have comparable signal quality to the combined HW/SW filtering implementation, with a reduction in complexity and power consumption.","PeriodicalId":427594,"journal":{"name":"The 9th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115979746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Arnela, Mariona Ferrandiz-Rovira, M. Freixes, D. Garcia, Carme Martínez-Suquía, M. E. Parés, Oriol Serra, Ester Vidaña-Vila, R. M. Alsina-Pagès
: Environmental noise and air pollution as well as the poor green infrastructure quality is a major concern for the European population due to its impact of citizens health, especially for those citizens living in urban environments, which is materialized in a rising number of complaints to public administration. This issue is further stressed for urban areas located close to aggressive pollutants such as airports, railways, highways, or leisure areas. To attend this situation from the citizen everyday life, this paper proposes a hybrid methodology of a collective campaign, where citizens, especially from those environments that have a stronger impact on them, and scientists collect high quality acoustic, chemical and biodiversity data. The campaign consists in a conscious walk that considers both the acoustic measurements conducted by experts but also by citizens, as well as air quality measurements and biodiversity descriptions. The final goal of the method is to obtain subjective and objective data coming from soundscape, air quality and biodiversity to evaluate a pre-designed walk in an urban location, in the surroundings of Parc de la Ciutadella, in Barcelona.
{"title":"Conscious Walk Methodology Design for Acoustic, Air Quality and Biodiversity Evaluation in Urban Environments","authors":"M. Arnela, Mariona Ferrandiz-Rovira, M. Freixes, D. Garcia, Carme Martínez-Suquía, M. E. Parés, Oriol Serra, Ester Vidaña-Vila, R. M. Alsina-Pagès","doi":"10.3390/ecsa-9-13336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-9-13336","url":null,"abstract":": Environmental noise and air pollution as well as the poor green infrastructure quality is a major concern for the European population due to its impact of citizens health, especially for those citizens living in urban environments, which is materialized in a rising number of complaints to public administration. This issue is further stressed for urban areas located close to aggressive pollutants such as airports, railways, highways, or leisure areas. To attend this situation from the citizen everyday life, this paper proposes a hybrid methodology of a collective campaign, where citizens, especially from those environments that have a stronger impact on them, and scientists collect high quality acoustic, chemical and biodiversity data. The campaign consists in a conscious walk that considers both the acoustic measurements conducted by experts but also by citizens, as well as air quality measurements and biodiversity descriptions. The final goal of the method is to obtain subjective and objective data coming from soundscape, air quality and biodiversity to evaluate a pre-designed walk in an urban location, in the surroundings of Parc de la Ciutadella, in Barcelona.","PeriodicalId":427594,"journal":{"name":"The 9th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114714277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Composites of Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube and Sodium Alginate for Tactile Sensing Applications","authors":"Yeter Sekertekin, Dincer Gokcen","doi":"10.3390/ecsa-9-13349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-9-13349","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":427594,"journal":{"name":"The 9th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121708427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Santiago Gonzalez-Irigoyen, Ana C. Castillo, Jesus A. Marroquin-Escobedo, Marlene Martinez-Santoyo, Julietth Fernanda Contreras-Venegas, Juan Misael Gongora-Torres, C. Vargas-Rosales
{"title":"Channel Estimation in the Interplanetary Internet Using Deep Learning and Federated Learning","authors":"Santiago Gonzalez-Irigoyen, Ana C. Castillo, Jesus A. Marroquin-Escobedo, Marlene Martinez-Santoyo, Julietth Fernanda Contreras-Venegas, Juan Misael Gongora-Torres, C. Vargas-Rosales","doi":"10.3390/ecsa-9-13325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-9-13325","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":427594,"journal":{"name":"The 9th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123137817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. O. Joudeh, Ana-Maria Creţu, S. Guimond, S. Bouchard
{"title":"Prediction of Emotional Measures via Electrodermal Activity (EDA) and Electrocardiogram (ECG)","authors":"I. O. Joudeh, Ana-Maria Creţu, S. Guimond, S. Bouchard","doi":"10.3390/ecsa-9-13358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-9-13358","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":427594,"journal":{"name":"The 9th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications","volume":"786 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127842482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emily Lam, Danielle DuPlessis, Michael Hutchison, Shannon E Scratch, E. Biddiss
: The Polar H10 is a low-cost wearable with a heart rate monitor and tri-axial accelerometer with potential for many applications. While the device’s heart rate monitor has been widely studied, there is no research validating the accelerometer specifically. The purpose of this study was to conduct a validation of the Polar H10 accelerometer to establish static and dynamic validity during a sports-based task. Static validity was determined by computing the relative error when using a level guide to hold each axis of the Polar H10 against gravity. Fifteen healthy adults (8F/7M) participated in sports-based tasks while wearing the Polar H10 (Polar Electro, Kempele, Finland) and a comparison device, the MetaMotionR inertial measurement unit (MbientLab Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA). Dynamic validity was characterized using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and root mean square error (RMSE). Additionally, common features in human activity recognition (mean magnitude, root mean square, power, and signal magnitude area) were computed in 2 s windows and compared via RMSE and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. When held against gravity, the Polar H10 had relative errors ranging from 2.620% to 4.288%, suggesting high static validity. During sports-based tasks, the accelerometers had correlations between 0.888 and 0.954, indicating sufficient concurrent validity for all axes, as well as acceleration magnitude. The differences in acceleration features were minimal (RMSE for mean, root mean square, power, and signal magnitude were 0.003 G, 0.004 G, 0.112 G, and 0.017 G, respectively), but all reached significance ( p < 0.001). These results provide evidence for the use of the Polar H10 accelerometer to measure movement during sport-like activities.
{"title":"Validation of the Polar H10 Accelerometer in a Sports-Based Environment","authors":"Emily Lam, Danielle DuPlessis, Michael Hutchison, Shannon E Scratch, E. Biddiss","doi":"10.3390/ecsa-9-13346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-9-13346","url":null,"abstract":": The Polar H10 is a low-cost wearable with a heart rate monitor and tri-axial accelerometer with potential for many applications. While the device’s heart rate monitor has been widely studied, there is no research validating the accelerometer specifically. The purpose of this study was to conduct a validation of the Polar H10 accelerometer to establish static and dynamic validity during a sports-based task. Static validity was determined by computing the relative error when using a level guide to hold each axis of the Polar H10 against gravity. Fifteen healthy adults (8F/7M) participated in sports-based tasks while wearing the Polar H10 (Polar Electro, Kempele, Finland) and a comparison device, the MetaMotionR inertial measurement unit (MbientLab Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA). Dynamic validity was characterized using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and root mean square error (RMSE). Additionally, common features in human activity recognition (mean magnitude, root mean square, power, and signal magnitude area) were computed in 2 s windows and compared via RMSE and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. When held against gravity, the Polar H10 had relative errors ranging from 2.620% to 4.288%, suggesting high static validity. During sports-based tasks, the accelerometers had correlations between 0.888 and 0.954, indicating sufficient concurrent validity for all axes, as well as acceleration magnitude. The differences in acceleration features were minimal (RMSE for mean, root mean square, power, and signal magnitude were 0.003 G, 0.004 G, 0.112 G, and 0.017 G, respectively), but all reached significance ( p < 0.001). These results provide evidence for the use of the Polar H10 accelerometer to measure movement during sport-like activities.","PeriodicalId":427594,"journal":{"name":"The 9th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications","volume":"17 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114019269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust Underwater Image Classification Using Image Segmentation, CNN, and Dynamic ROI Approximation","authors":"Stefan Bosse, P. Kasundra","doi":"10.3390/ecsa-9-13218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-9-13218","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":427594,"journal":{"name":"The 9th International Electronic Conference on Sensors and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130962356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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