Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20440243.2022.2048349
Julian Stern
{"title":"Critical Reflection, Spirituality and Professional Practice","authors":"Julian Stern","doi":"10.1080/20440243.2022.2048349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2022.2048349","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42985,"journal":{"name":"Journal for the Study of Spirituality","volume":"12 1","pages":"96 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42126786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20440243.2022.2048351
J. M. Arnado, Mikael Alfianus M. Kabelen, Roxanne O. Doron
ABSTRACT Amid the COVID-19 pandemic that has taken lives, devastated economies, and restricted in-person sociality, this paper interrogates spirituality as capital and accomplishment in the everyday life of ordinary Filipinos. It characterizes spirituality in general and in the pandemic context and examines its effects. It employs social capital theories and ethnomethodology to characterize spirituality as an accomplishment in everyday life with investments and returns. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with Filipino Muslims and Christians. Findings show that spirituality is accomplished through a daily life of prayer, self-transformation, and good works in new technological formats and a socially distanced manner. Constant prayer as a medium for transcendental connection is the investment and self-conversion and good works are the expressive and instrumental returns, which are desirable resources for individuals and the social structure. The findings have implications for the resilience against crises of a spiritually inclined population. The paper contributes to existing conceptualizations and accounting of spirituality within the context of religion and as social capital.
{"title":"The accomplishment of spirituality in the everyday pandemic life of religion-practicing Filipinos","authors":"J. M. Arnado, Mikael Alfianus M. Kabelen, Roxanne O. Doron","doi":"10.1080/20440243.2022.2048351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2022.2048351","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Amid the COVID-19 pandemic that has taken lives, devastated economies, and restricted in-person sociality, this paper interrogates spirituality as capital and accomplishment in the everyday life of ordinary Filipinos. It characterizes spirituality in general and in the pandemic context and examines its effects. It employs social capital theories and ethnomethodology to characterize spirituality as an accomplishment in everyday life with investments and returns. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with Filipino Muslims and Christians. Findings show that spirituality is accomplished through a daily life of prayer, self-transformation, and good works in new technological formats and a socially distanced manner. Constant prayer as a medium for transcendental connection is the investment and self-conversion and good works are the expressive and instrumental returns, which are desirable resources for individuals and the social structure. The findings have implications for the resilience against crises of a spiritually inclined population. The paper contributes to existing conceptualizations and accounting of spirituality within the context of religion and as social capital.","PeriodicalId":42985,"journal":{"name":"Journal for the Study of Spirituality","volume":"12 1","pages":"36 - 49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43265170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20440243.2022.2042948
Snežana Brumec
ABSTRACT While it is widely known that pilgrimage on the Camino de Santiago changes people, there is limited research exploring the transformative aftereffects of the experience. The purpose of this article is to contribute to filling this research gap by comparing life changes in beliefs, philosophy and behavior to life changes after three different kinds of exceptional human experiences (EHEs) from methodologically similar studies. Life changes after the pilgrimage experience are compared with life changes after unitive/mystical experiences (U/MEs), combat near-death experiences (cNDEs), and hypnotically-induced death experiences (HDEs). To measure life changes reported by pilgrims who had traveled the Camino de Santiago, an online survey (n = 630) was conducted using the established instrument for assessing aftereffects of the EHE, the ‘Life Changes Inventory-Revised’ (LCI-R). Findings suggest that pilgrimage experience may be comparable in aftereffects to other types of EHEs. In all four comparative studies, the most striking changes involve an increase in appreciation for life; a heightened quest for meaning and sense of purpose; more concern for others; greater self-acceptance; as well as a deeper sense of spirituality. Also, all four yielded a decrease in concern with worldly achievement. In the present study this decrease tends to be strongly associated with an increase in spirituality but not religiousness.
{"title":"Life changes after the Camino de Santiago pilgrimage, including a deeper sense of spirituality","authors":"Snežana Brumec","doi":"10.1080/20440243.2022.2042948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2022.2042948","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT While it is widely known that pilgrimage on the Camino de Santiago changes people, there is limited research exploring the transformative aftereffects of the experience. The purpose of this article is to contribute to filling this research gap by comparing life changes in beliefs, philosophy and behavior to life changes after three different kinds of exceptional human experiences (EHEs) from methodologically similar studies. Life changes after the pilgrimage experience are compared with life changes after unitive/mystical experiences (U/MEs), combat near-death experiences (cNDEs), and hypnotically-induced death experiences (HDEs). To measure life changes reported by pilgrims who had traveled the Camino de Santiago, an online survey (n = 630) was conducted using the established instrument for assessing aftereffects of the EHE, the ‘Life Changes Inventory-Revised’ (LCI-R). Findings suggest that pilgrimage experience may be comparable in aftereffects to other types of EHEs. In all four comparative studies, the most striking changes involve an increase in appreciation for life; a heightened quest for meaning and sense of purpose; more concern for others; greater self-acceptance; as well as a deeper sense of spirituality. Also, all four yielded a decrease in concern with worldly achievement. In the present study this decrease tends to be strongly associated with an increase in spirituality but not religiousness.","PeriodicalId":42985,"journal":{"name":"Journal for the Study of Spirituality","volume":"12 1","pages":"20 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42816895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20440243.2022.2051952
Ann Bridge Davies
ABSTRACT Paintings and drawings of spirits of the deceased have been produced by Spiritualists since 1852. Spiritualism in Britain has seven principles of belief, and the associated art has six classifications. The art is known as Spiritualist or spirit art. Spiritualist principles support the theory that life in the form of a spirit survives death; the fourth principle, ‘Continuous Existence of the Human Soul’, is central to this article and its discussion of how spirituality emerges as art is created. Spirit artists engage in creating basic portraits of the deceased without having known them, through a process of amanuensis from a believed spiritual source. For Spiritualists, the portraits provide visual evidence of life beyond death. This article explores the concept of spirituality in relation to this form of art. It includes discussion of two pieces of artwork and draws on transcripts of interviews with practicing spirit artists, as well as the author’s personal experience of spirit art. It suggests that spirit art is a useful, but neglected, lens through which to explore spirituality.
{"title":"Considering spirituality in contemporary Spiritualist art","authors":"Ann Bridge Davies","doi":"10.1080/20440243.2022.2051952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2022.2051952","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Paintings and drawings of spirits of the deceased have been produced by Spiritualists since 1852. Spiritualism in Britain has seven principles of belief, and the associated art has six classifications. The art is known as Spiritualist or spirit art. Spiritualist principles support the theory that life in the form of a spirit survives death; the fourth principle, ‘Continuous Existence of the Human Soul’, is central to this article and its discussion of how spirituality emerges as art is created. Spirit artists engage in creating basic portraits of the deceased without having known them, through a process of amanuensis from a believed spiritual source. For Spiritualists, the portraits provide visual evidence of life beyond death. This article explores the concept of spirituality in relation to this form of art. It includes discussion of two pieces of artwork and draws on transcripts of interviews with practicing spirit artists, as well as the author’s personal experience of spirit art. It suggests that spirit art is a useful, but neglected, lens through which to explore spirituality.","PeriodicalId":42985,"journal":{"name":"Journal for the Study of Spirituality","volume":"12 1","pages":"50 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48086959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20440243.2022.2050982
Joan Walton
ABSTRACT The International Network for the Study of Spirituality (INSS) has recently established a Spirituality and Consciousness Studies Special Interest Group (SaCs SIG), using Bohm Dialogue as the method for gaining knowledge and awareness. This article presents an overview of the rationale for the formation of the group. It explores the potential connections between spirituality and consciousness, and what might be gained by enquiring into the nature of a relationship between them. It also provides an explanation of Bohm Dialogue, and how it can be used as a process for enabling group participants to engage in a participative form of research which includes reflection on, and learning from, the sharing of subjective experiences.
{"title":"The study of spirituality and consciousness through Bohm Dialogue","authors":"Joan Walton","doi":"10.1080/20440243.2022.2050982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2022.2050982","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The International Network for the Study of Spirituality (INSS) has recently established a Spirituality and Consciousness Studies Special Interest Group (SaCs SIG), using Bohm Dialogue as the method for gaining knowledge and awareness. This article presents an overview of the rationale for the formation of the group. It explores the potential connections between spirituality and consciousness, and what might be gained by enquiring into the nature of a relationship between them. It also provides an explanation of Bohm Dialogue, and how it can be used as a process for enabling group participants to engage in a participative form of research which includes reflection on, and learning from, the sharing of subjective experiences.","PeriodicalId":42985,"journal":{"name":"Journal for the Study of Spirituality","volume":"12 1","pages":"86 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48202865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20440243.2022.2037187
M. Powell
itation’ (p. 129). In the corresponding essay in Part 4 (The world of ‘something great’ in the eyes of a life scientist), the eponymous scientist brings his own beliefs regarding spirituality into conversation with his scientific knowledge and predicts a bright future for Japanese spirituality: ‘If we switch on that essence, then I believe it will by all means be Japan’s turn to shine as a cultural and moral power in the twenty-first century’ (p. 210). These provide something of a counterbalance to the theoretical discussion, although each is demanding in its way. By definition, any edited volume is a mixed bag. In a broad-ranging collection, drawing on a wide range of scholars and experts, there are bound to be some chapters that work better than others, some elements which seem to be more or less integrated into the overall project, and each reader will have their preferences and perspectives. The present volume is no exception to this general rule, but the overall quality and tone of the contribution are very impressive. In addition (and despite some unevenness in the execution), the structure and content of the book amply support the claim in the introduction that, for Japanese people, spirituality just happens, largely unrecognized, as part of practical, shared and social life: the theory and theology come later. This, for me, is the key message worked out through the book: in a Western context in which the very notions of a collective life and a spirituality hidden away in our collective culture are new and potentially fruitful, it is one that deserves to be heard more widely.
{"title":"The Divine Feminine: Tao Te Ching","authors":"M. Powell","doi":"10.1080/20440243.2022.2037187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2022.2037187","url":null,"abstract":"itation’ (p. 129). In the corresponding essay in Part 4 (The world of ‘something great’ in the eyes of a life scientist), the eponymous scientist brings his own beliefs regarding spirituality into conversation with his scientific knowledge and predicts a bright future for Japanese spirituality: ‘If we switch on that essence, then I believe it will by all means be Japan’s turn to shine as a cultural and moral power in the twenty-first century’ (p. 210). These provide something of a counterbalance to the theoretical discussion, although each is demanding in its way. By definition, any edited volume is a mixed bag. In a broad-ranging collection, drawing on a wide range of scholars and experts, there are bound to be some chapters that work better than others, some elements which seem to be more or less integrated into the overall project, and each reader will have their preferences and perspectives. The present volume is no exception to this general rule, but the overall quality and tone of the contribution are very impressive. In addition (and despite some unevenness in the execution), the structure and content of the book amply support the claim in the introduction that, for Japanese people, spirituality just happens, largely unrecognized, as part of practical, shared and social life: the theory and theology come later. This, for me, is the key message worked out through the book: in a Western context in which the very notions of a collective life and a spirituality hidden away in our collective culture are new and potentially fruitful, it is one that deserves to be heard more widely.","PeriodicalId":42985,"journal":{"name":"Journal for the Study of Spirituality","volume":"12 1","pages":"94 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46843412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/20440243.2022.2062149
Cheryl Hunt
When I first began to think about this Editorial, I was side-tracked by a message from a neighbour who teaches in a primary school (children aged 5–11). As part of their work on number she encourages her pupils to look for patterns in dates. That morning they had been very excited to find that it was a ‘Palindrome Day’. It was the 22nd of February and, because dates are written in the UK in day-month-year order, the sequence was 22 02 2022 – a sequence which is exactly the same when read both backwards and forwards. Technically a ‘single repetitive integer with zero’, this kind of palindrome date first appeared on 11 January 1011; there will not be another in our lifetimes. Written in the angular font which is often used on digital devices, 22022022 also forms an ambigram since it looks the same upside down. When I later drew my own young granddaughter’s attention to the phenomenon, she pointed out the coincidence that it was a Tuesday, the 2nd day of the week. She delightedly dubbed it ‘Super Twosday’! The unusual nature of the date was even acknowledged on the BBC’s Ten O’Clock News – at 22 minutes 22 seconds past 22.00 hours! I mention all this because, ironically, just two days later, on 24 February, Vladimir Putin ordered Russian troops to invade Ukraine, a sovereign state in Eastern Europe with a population of over 43 million. It is the second-largest country by area in Europe after Russia, which it borders to the east and north-east. Since then all such trivia as the shape of a date has been wiped from our news screens and replaced by horrific scenes of devastation – of towns razed to the ground by relentless aerial bombardment; of millions of women, children and elderly people fleeing the country in whatever way they can, often with only small hastily-packed bags, leaving their husbands, fathers, sons and brothers behind to fight for the survival of their country; and of people forced to remain in basements, held under siege in cities deprived of water, food and power – in every sense of that word. I entitled my Editorial in issue 10.2 of this journal ‘The best of times, the worst of times?’ (Hunt 2020). It was written at the height of the coronavirus pandemic which, although vaccines are now available and help to mitigate its worst effects, continues to afflict millions of people around the world. I questioned whether the pandemic might have brought us to a long-predicted tipping point in human affairs – a time of ‘breakdown or breakthrough’ (Myers 1990, 180). The predicted breakdown is of the belief that we live in a ‘clockwork universe’. This image has held sway over Western philosophical, political and scientific developments since the seventeenth century (Dolnick 2012). It has created a mindset in which reality is ‘out there’ in a material world of
{"title":"A tipping point? Spirituality in a time of meta crisis","authors":"Cheryl Hunt","doi":"10.1080/20440243.2022.2062149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2022.2062149","url":null,"abstract":"When I first began to think about this Editorial, I was side-tracked by a message from a neighbour who teaches in a primary school (children aged 5–11). As part of their work on number she encourages her pupils to look for patterns in dates. That morning they had been very excited to find that it was a ‘Palindrome Day’. It was the 22nd of February and, because dates are written in the UK in day-month-year order, the sequence was 22 02 2022 – a sequence which is exactly the same when read both backwards and forwards. Technically a ‘single repetitive integer with zero’, this kind of palindrome date first appeared on 11 January 1011; there will not be another in our lifetimes. Written in the angular font which is often used on digital devices, 22022022 also forms an ambigram since it looks the same upside down. When I later drew my own young granddaughter’s attention to the phenomenon, she pointed out the coincidence that it was a Tuesday, the 2nd day of the week. She delightedly dubbed it ‘Super Twosday’! The unusual nature of the date was even acknowledged on the BBC’s Ten O’Clock News – at 22 minutes 22 seconds past 22.00 hours! I mention all this because, ironically, just two days later, on 24 February, Vladimir Putin ordered Russian troops to invade Ukraine, a sovereign state in Eastern Europe with a population of over 43 million. It is the second-largest country by area in Europe after Russia, which it borders to the east and north-east. Since then all such trivia as the shape of a date has been wiped from our news screens and replaced by horrific scenes of devastation – of towns razed to the ground by relentless aerial bombardment; of millions of women, children and elderly people fleeing the country in whatever way they can, often with only small hastily-packed bags, leaving their husbands, fathers, sons and brothers behind to fight for the survival of their country; and of people forced to remain in basements, held under siege in cities deprived of water, food and power – in every sense of that word. I entitled my Editorial in issue 10.2 of this journal ‘The best of times, the worst of times?’ (Hunt 2020). It was written at the height of the coronavirus pandemic which, although vaccines are now available and help to mitigate its worst effects, continues to afflict millions of people around the world. I questioned whether the pandemic might have brought us to a long-predicted tipping point in human affairs – a time of ‘breakdown or breakthrough’ (Myers 1990, 180). The predicted breakdown is of the belief that we live in a ‘clockwork universe’. This image has held sway over Western philosophical, political and scientific developments since the seventeenth century (Dolnick 2012). It has created a mindset in which reality is ‘out there’ in a material world of","PeriodicalId":42985,"journal":{"name":"Journal for the Study of Spirituality","volume":"12 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44057783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/20440243.2021.1978137
Cheryl Hunt
The British Association for the Study of Spirituality (BASS) was planning to host its Sixth International Conference, Spirituality in Research, Professional Practice and Education, in the beautiful city of York, UK, in June 2020; it was to include a celebration of the tenth anniversary of the publication of the Journal for the Study of Spirituality (JSS). Sadly, the Covid-19 pandemic cut across those plans, like so many others around the globe, and the conference was rescheduled to take place in June this year. However, in December 2020, BASS formally changed its name to become the International Network for the Study of Spirituality (INSS) and, by January 2021, the continuing disruption of the pandemic and restrictions on travel meant that a face-to-face conference would remain impossible. The sixth BASS conference therefore became not only the first to be hosted by INSS but the first of the whole series to be held online (on 7/8 June 2021). These changes required most members of the INSS Executive to embark on a steep learning curve as they came to terms with the simultaneous development of a new website, the use of online communication technologies, and programming an event to accommodate participation from across the world’s time-zones. BASS/INSS conferences, as the website notes,
{"title":"Cultivating a joined-up field of spirituality studies through theory and practice","authors":"Cheryl Hunt","doi":"10.1080/20440243.2021.1978137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2021.1978137","url":null,"abstract":"The British Association for the Study of Spirituality (BASS) was planning to host its Sixth International Conference, Spirituality in Research, Professional Practice and Education, in the beautiful city of York, UK, in June 2020; it was to include a celebration of the tenth anniversary of the publication of the Journal for the Study of Spirituality (JSS). Sadly, the Covid-19 pandemic cut across those plans, like so many others around the globe, and the conference was rescheduled to take place in June this year. However, in December 2020, BASS formally changed its name to become the International Network for the Study of Spirituality (INSS) and, by January 2021, the continuing disruption of the pandemic and restrictions on travel meant that a face-to-face conference would remain impossible. The sixth BASS conference therefore became not only the first to be hosted by INSS but the first of the whole series to be held online (on 7/8 June 2021). These changes required most members of the INSS Executive to embark on a steep learning curve as they came to terms with the simultaneous development of a new website, the use of online communication technologies, and programming an event to accommodate participation from across the world’s time-zones. BASS/INSS conferences, as the website notes,","PeriodicalId":42985,"journal":{"name":"Journal for the Study of Spirituality","volume":"11 1","pages":"97 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41363903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/20440243.2021.1955453
H. Henning, Maxine Henning
ABSTRACT Spiritual traditions and practices promote a positive and lasting transformation of our experience of self and of the world. Such traditions and practices are ubiquitous in human societies, but it remains unclear why and how they developed. Existing theories on the nature of spirituality range from the suggestion that human minds are inherently predisposed to spirituality, to the idea that spirituality developed adaptively to offer moral guidance and to promote mutually beneficial, cooperative behaviors. Here, we assess this question from the perspective of biological and cultural evolution, and propose that spirituality developed as a cultural adaptation to a characteristic feature of human mental experience – the duality, or differentiation, of mental subject and mental object. This model traces the development of spirituality to evolutionary events at the core of human exceptionalism, and supports the transformational potential of spirituality in language consistent with scientific knowledge.
{"title":"Reflections on the nature of spirituality: Evolutionary context, biological mechanisms, and future directions","authors":"H. Henning, Maxine Henning","doi":"10.1080/20440243.2021.1955453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2021.1955453","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Spiritual traditions and practices promote a positive and lasting transformation of our experience of self and of the world. Such traditions and practices are ubiquitous in human societies, but it remains unclear why and how they developed. Existing theories on the nature of spirituality range from the suggestion that human minds are inherently predisposed to spirituality, to the idea that spirituality developed adaptively to offer moral guidance and to promote mutually beneficial, cooperative behaviors. Here, we assess this question from the perspective of biological and cultural evolution, and propose that spirituality developed as a cultural adaptation to a characteristic feature of human mental experience – the duality, or differentiation, of mental subject and mental object. This model traces the development of spirituality to evolutionary events at the core of human exceptionalism, and supports the transformational potential of spirituality in language consistent with scientific knowledge.","PeriodicalId":42985,"journal":{"name":"Journal for the Study of Spirituality","volume":"11 1","pages":"174 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42574404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/20440243.2021.1955452
B. Flanagan
{"title":"Spiritual needs in research and practice: The spiritual needs questionnaire as a global resource for health and social care","authors":"B. Flanagan","doi":"10.1080/20440243.2021.1955452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2021.1955452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42985,"journal":{"name":"Journal for the Study of Spirituality","volume":"11 1","pages":"184 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49542122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：