Pub Date : 2019-11-13eCollection Date: 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000181
Jenifer M Brown, Brendan M Everett
In patients with diabetes, where cardiovascular morbidity is highly prevalent, recent cardiovascular outcomes trials have identified therapies in the modern glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) classes that significantly reduce cardiovascular events. A number of drugs in both classes have demonstrated reductions in the risk of the composite outcome of major adverse cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death). In addition, SGLT2i drugs have a substantial impact on hospitalization for heart failure. Because GLP-1RA and SGLT2i are effective in reducing cardiovascular events, independent of their effects on blood glucose, cardiologists should be familiar with how to use them. This review outlines the evidence of cardiovascular benefit for current GLP-1RA and SGLT2i drugs, practical information for prescribing them, and putative mechanisms, so that these therapies can be incorporated along with antihypertensives, statins, and antiplatelet therapies into the routine care of patients.
{"title":"Cardioprotective diabetes drugs: what cardiologists need to know.","authors":"Jenifer M Brown, Brendan M Everett","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In patients with diabetes, where cardiovascular morbidity is highly prevalent, recent cardiovascular outcomes trials have identified therapies in the modern glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) classes that significantly reduce cardiovascular events. A number of drugs in both classes have demonstrated reductions in the risk of the composite outcome of major adverse cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death). In addition, SGLT2i drugs have a substantial impact on hospitalization for heart failure. Because GLP-1RA and SGLT2i are effective in reducing cardiovascular events, independent of their effects on blood glucose, cardiologists should be familiar with how to use them. This review outlines the evidence of cardiovascular benefit for current GLP-1RA and SGLT2i drugs, practical information for prescribing them, and putative mechanisms, so that these therapies can be incorporated along with antihypertensives, statins, and antiplatelet therapies into the routine care of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"8 4","pages":"96-105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37546498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-13eCollection Date: 2019-12-01DOI: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000183
Ameen Mosa Mohammad, Ahmed Hasan Yousif, Bayar Ahmed Qasim, Joma Aziz Joma, Saad Younis Saeed
Aims: The role of apolipoprotein A in early onset ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is not clear. This study sought to assess the apolipoprotein A in cohort of patients diagnosed with early onset acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and to corelate it with major traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Methods: A total of 50 such patients and 40 age and sex-matched healthy controls, both aged less than 50 years with their baseline demographic, clinical characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors were studied. Apolipoprotein A was estimated for all enrollees.
Results: The mean age of cases was 43.37 ± 5.85 years. The levels of apolipoprotein A among cases were not significantly lower compared to controls (P = 0.52). They were lower among the male, current smokers and the dyslipidemia (P's < 0.05). Considering the apolipoprotein A as the dependent factor, the early onset ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was associated significantly with the male and the dyslipidemia in linear regression (P < 0.001 and 0.030), respectively.
Conclusion: Lower levels of apolipoprotein A are significantly related to conventional risk factors in early onset ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. This apolipoprotein A that particularly develops in young patients with clustering of traditional cardiovascular risk factors should be targeted. Further studies are warranted to determine the diagnostic and prognostic indicators of this apolipoprotein in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
目的:载脂蛋白A在早发性st段抬高型心肌梗死中的作用尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估早发性急性st段抬高型心肌梗死患者的载脂蛋白A水平，并探讨其与主要传统心血管危险因素的相关性。方法:对50例年龄小于50岁的此类患者和40例年龄、性别匹配的健康对照者进行基线人口统计学、临床特征和心血管危险因素的研究。对所有受试者的载脂蛋白A进行估计。结果:患者平均年龄43.37±5.85岁。与对照组相比，病例间载脂蛋白A水平无显著降低(P = 0.52)。在男性、吸烟人群和血脂异常人群中均较低(P < 0.05)。考虑载脂蛋白A为依赖因素，经线性回归分析，早发性st段抬高型心肌梗死与男性显著相关，与血脂异常显著相关(P < 0.001, P < 0.030)。结论:载脂蛋白A水平降低与早发性st段抬高型心肌梗死的常规危险因素显著相关。这种载脂蛋白A尤其发生在具有传统心血管危险因素聚集性的年轻患者中，应该成为治疗目标。在st段抬高型心肌梗死中，该载脂蛋白的诊断和预后指标有待进一步研究。
{"title":"Estimation of apolipoprotein A in early onset ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.","authors":"Ameen Mosa Mohammad, Ahmed Hasan Yousif, Bayar Ahmed Qasim, Joma Aziz Joma, Saad Younis Saeed","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The role of apolipoprotein A in early onset ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is not clear. This study sought to assess the apolipoprotein A in cohort of patients diagnosed with early onset acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and to corelate it with major traditional cardiovascular risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 50 such patients and 40 age and sex-matched healthy controls, both aged less than 50 years with their baseline demographic, clinical characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors were studied. Apolipoprotein A was estimated for all enrollees.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of cases was 43.37 ± 5.85 years. The levels of apolipoprotein A among cases were not significantly lower compared to controls (<i>P</i> = 0.52). They were lower among the male, current smokers and the dyslipidemia (<i>P</i>'s < 0.05). Considering the apolipoprotein A as the dependent factor, the early onset ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was associated significantly with the male and the dyslipidemia in linear regression (<i>P</i> < 0.001 and 0.030), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower levels of apolipoprotein A are significantly related to conventional risk factors in early onset ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. This apolipoprotein A that particularly develops in young patients with clustering of traditional cardiovascular risk factors should be targeted. Further studies are warranted to determine the diagnostic and prognostic indicators of this apolipoprotein in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.</p>","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"8 4","pages":"106-108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37546499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-10eCollection Date: 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000177
A J Sinclair
{"title":"Addressing the impact of type 2 diabetes in ageing populations: the launch of the 2019 Endocrine Society Task Force Guideline.","authors":"A J Sinclair","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000177","DOIUrl":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000177","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"8 3","pages":"71-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6779842/pdf/xce-8-71.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41215448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000175
Hesham Alharby, Talaat Abdelati, M. Rizk, E. Youssef, K. Moghazy, N. Gaber, Saeed Yafei
Enhanced lipid peroxidation and elevated interleukin-6 levels are common in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Atherosclerotic vascular complications greatly contribute to morbidity and mortality in diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the relation of lipid peroxidation and interleukin-6 with carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods This cross-sectional study included 90 type 2 diabetes mellitus male patients with age ≥ 40 years and 30 healthy male subjects matched for age. All of them were subjected to measuring of 8-iso prostaglandin F2α as a marker of lipid peroxidation, interleukin-6 and carotid intima media thickness as a marker of carotid atherosclerosis. Results Both 8-iso prostaglandin F2α and interleukin-6 were found to have significant positive correlation with carotid intima media thickness (P < 0.001) and both were found to be significant predictors of the presence of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in multiple regression analysis. Conclusion Lipid peroxidation and interleukin-6 may play an important role in atherogenesis in type 2 diabetes mellitus and limiting their effects may reduce atherosclerotic vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
脂质过氧化增强和白细胞介素-6水平升高在2型糖尿病患者中很常见。动脉粥样硬化性血管并发症是糖尿病发病率和死亡率的重要因素。本研究的目的是评估脂质过氧化和白细胞介素-6与2型糖尿病患者颈动脉粥样硬化的关系。方法本研究纳入90例年龄≥40岁的2型糖尿病男性患者和30例年龄匹配的健康男性。测定8-异前列腺素F2α(脂质过氧化指标)、白细胞介素6 (il -6)和颈动脉内膜中膜厚度(颈动脉粥样硬化指标)。结果8-异前列腺素F2α和白细胞介素6与颈动脉内膜中膜厚度呈显著正相关(P < 0.001)，均为亚临床颈动脉粥样硬化的重要预测因子。结论脂质过氧化和白细胞介素-6可能在2型糖尿病动脉粥样硬化中起重要作用，限制其作用可减少2型糖尿病动脉粥样硬化血管并发症。
{"title":"Association of lipid peroxidation and interleukin-6 with carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Hesham Alharby, Talaat Abdelati, M. Rizk, E. Youssef, K. Moghazy, N. Gaber, Saeed Yafei","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000175","url":null,"abstract":"Enhanced lipid peroxidation and elevated interleukin-6 levels are common in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Atherosclerotic vascular complications greatly contribute to morbidity and mortality in diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the relation of lipid peroxidation and interleukin-6 with carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000This cross-sectional study included 90 type 2 diabetes mellitus male patients with age ≥ 40 years and 30 healthy male subjects matched for age. All of them were subjected to measuring of 8-iso prostaglandin F2α as a marker of lipid peroxidation, interleukin-6 and carotid intima media thickness as a marker of carotid atherosclerosis.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000Both 8-iso prostaglandin F2α and interleukin-6 were found to have significant positive correlation with carotid intima media thickness (P < 0.001) and both were found to be significant predictors of the presence of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in multiple regression analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000Lipid peroxidation and interleukin-6 may play an important role in atherogenesis in type 2 diabetes mellitus and limiting their effects may reduce atherosclerotic vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48060683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000180
Erhan Aslanhan, Dávid Ojalvo, Ekmek Burak Özsenel, Sema Uçak Basat, F. Borlu
Diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy are serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have demonstrated that neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) may be accompanied by these complications during and before the appearance of microalbuminuria. In this study, we set out to research the role of NGAL in patients with diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. Material and methods Eighty-two patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in our study. Urinary microalbumine and NGAL levels were measured in urine samples over 24 hours. We also studied NGAL levels in serum. All patients went through an ophthalmologic examination. The results were evaluated based on the presence of microalbuminuria and retinopathy. Results There were no significant differences in serum and urine NGAL levels between normoalbuminuric (n = 66) and microalbuminuric (n = 16) patients. We also did not find any significant difference in patients with retinopathy (n = 16) or without retinopathy (n = 66). Conclusion There are controversial findings about the role of NGAL in diabetic patients in medical literature. Standard values of urine and serum NGAL levels have yet to be determined. Our study suggests that NGAL is not a useful marker to differentiate microalbuminuric patients from normoalbuminuric subjects. We also did not find a relationship between NGAL levels and the presence of retinopathy. Additional studies with larger sample sizes will be required to confirm or refute these findings.
{"title":"Association of neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin with microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Erhan Aslanhan, Dávid Ojalvo, Ekmek Burak Özsenel, Sema Uçak Basat, F. Borlu","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000180","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy are serious microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have demonstrated that neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) may be accompanied by these complications during and before the appearance of microalbuminuria. In this study, we set out to research the role of NGAL in patients with diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy.\u0000\u0000\u0000Material and methods\u0000Eighty-two patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in our study. Urinary microalbumine and NGAL levels were measured in urine samples over 24 hours. We also studied NGAL levels in serum. All patients went through an ophthalmologic examination. The results were evaluated based on the presence of microalbuminuria and retinopathy.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000There were no significant differences in serum and urine NGAL levels between normoalbuminuric (n = 66) and microalbuminuric (n = 16) patients. We also did not find any significant difference in patients with retinopathy (n = 16) or without retinopathy (n = 66).\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000There are controversial findings about the role of NGAL in diabetic patients in medical literature. Standard values of urine and serum NGAL levels have yet to be determined. Our study suggests that NGAL is not a useful marker to differentiate microalbuminuric patients from normoalbuminuric subjects. We also did not find a relationship between NGAL levels and the presence of retinopathy. Additional studies with larger sample sizes will be required to confirm or refute these findings.","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46253365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000176
O. Kobo, R. Leiba, O. Avizohar, A. Karban
Relative fat mass (RFM) had been recently developed. We aimed to examine RFM predictability to various cardiometabolic risk factors, compared to BMI. Methods Observational, cohort study, among patients who visited the Rambam Periodic Examinations Institute (RPEI). We compared the correlation of BMI and RFM to hypertension, impaired fasting glucose, high LDL, low HDL and metabolic syndrome, by gender. Results During study years, 20 167 patients visited the RPEI and included in the trial. Compared to BMI, RFM showed significantly better predictability (odds ratio [OR], [95% confidence interval (CI), P value]) of high LDL [1.618 (1.441-1.816, P < 0.001) vs. 0.732 (0.67-0.8, P < 0.001) in men; 1.572 (1.377-1.794, P < 0.001) vs. 0.938 (0.849-1.163, P = 0.94) in women], low HDL [2.944 (2.569-3.373, P < 0.001) vs. 2.177 (2-2.369, P < 0.001) in men, 2.947 (2.519-3.448, P < 0.001) vs. 1.9 (1.658-2.176, P < 0.001) in women], high triglycerides [4.019 (3.332-4.847, P < 0.001) vs. 1.994 (1.823-2.181, P < 0.001) in men, 3.93 (2.943-5.247, P < 0.001) vs. 2.24 (1.887-2.62, P < 0.001) in women] and metabolic syndrome [7.479, (4.876-11.47, P < 0.001) vs. 3.263 (2.944-3.616, P < 0.001) in men, 16.247 (8.348-31.619, P < 0.001) vs. 5.995 (5.099-7.048, P < 0.001) in women]. There was no significant difference in the predictability of BMI and RFM to hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Conclusion RFM provides high predictability for dyslipidemias and metabolic syndrome.
{"title":"Relative fat mass is a better predictor of dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome than body mass index.","authors":"O. Kobo, R. Leiba, O. Avizohar, A. Karban","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000176","url":null,"abstract":"Relative fat mass (RFM) had been recently developed. We aimed to examine RFM predictability to various cardiometabolic risk factors, compared to BMI.\u0000\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000Observational, cohort study, among patients who visited the Rambam Periodic Examinations Institute (RPEI). We compared the correlation of BMI and RFM to hypertension, impaired fasting glucose, high LDL, low HDL and metabolic syndrome, by gender.\u0000\u0000\u0000Results\u0000During study years, 20 167 patients visited the RPEI and included in the trial. Compared to BMI, RFM showed significantly better predictability (odds ratio [OR], [95% confidence interval (CI), P value]) of high LDL [1.618 (1.441-1.816, P < 0.001) vs. 0.732 (0.67-0.8, P < 0.001) in men; 1.572 (1.377-1.794, P < 0.001) vs. 0.938 (0.849-1.163, P = 0.94) in women], low HDL [2.944 (2.569-3.373, P < 0.001) vs. 2.177 (2-2.369, P < 0.001) in men, 2.947 (2.519-3.448, P < 0.001) vs. 1.9 (1.658-2.176, P < 0.001) in women], high triglycerides [4.019 (3.332-4.847, P < 0.001) vs. 1.994 (1.823-2.181, P < 0.001) in men, 3.93 (2.943-5.247, P < 0.001) vs. 2.24 (1.887-2.62, P < 0.001) in women] and metabolic syndrome [7.479, (4.876-11.47, P < 0.001) vs. 3.263 (2.944-3.616, P < 0.001) in men, 16.247 (8.348-31.619, P < 0.001) vs. 5.995 (5.099-7.048, P < 0.001) in women]. There was no significant difference in the predictability of BMI and RFM to hypertension and diabetes mellitus.\u0000\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000RFM provides high predictability for dyslipidemias and metabolic syndrome.","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000176","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43062544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-01DOI: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000179
C. Bonner, John Jones, M. Paula Macedo, A. Gastaldelli
The 27th annual European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance meeting was held in Lisbon, birthplace of Ernesto Roma, founder of the worlds oldest diabetes association ‘Associação Protetora dos Diabéticos de Portugal’ (Association for the Protection of Poor Diabetics) in 1926. Although he graduated in medicine (psychiatry) in Lisbon, it was in Boston (1922), where he witnessed the revolution of insulin. On his return to Portugal, he vowed to make this treatment available to everyone with diabetes, regardless of his or her capacity to pay. He immediately introduced diabetes education enabling people with diabetes to make lifestyle modifications (self-injections and an adequate diet). This concept of patient empowerment through education has since become the hallmark of diabetes associations around the world. The 27th meeting of the group was hosted by Dr. John Jones and Dr. Maria Paula Macedo (Coimbra and Lisboa, Portugal) with the overall theme of ‘New Voyages of Discovery Towards Understanding Insulin Actions.’
第27届欧洲胰岛素抵抗研究小组年度会议于1926年在里斯本举行，里斯本是世界上最古老的糖尿病协会“葡萄牙糖尿病协会”（保护贫困糖尿病协会）的创始人埃内斯托·罗姆的出生地。尽管他毕业于里斯本的医学（精神病学），但在波士顿（1922年），他见证了胰岛素的革命。在返回葡萄牙时，他发誓要让所有糖尿病患者都能接受这种治疗，无论他或她的支付能力如何。他立即引入了糖尿病教育，使糖尿病患者能够改变生活方式（自我注射和适当的饮食）。这种通过教育赋予患者权力的概念已经成为世界各地糖尿病协会的标志。该小组第27次会议由John Jones博士和Maria Paula Macedo博士（葡萄牙科英布拉和里斯本）主持，总主题为“了解胰岛素作用的新发现之旅”
{"title":"27th Annual Meeting of the European Group for the study of Insulin Resistance, Lisbon, Portugal, 8-9th May 2019.","authors":"C. Bonner, John Jones, M. Paula Macedo, A. Gastaldelli","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000179","url":null,"abstract":"The 27th annual European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance meeting was held in Lisbon, birthplace of Ernesto Roma, founder of the worlds oldest diabetes association ‘Associação Protetora dos Diabéticos de Portugal’ (Association for the Protection of Poor Diabetics) in 1926. Although he graduated in medicine (psychiatry) in Lisbon, it was in Boston (1922), where he witnessed the revolution of insulin. On his return to Portugal, he vowed to make this treatment available to everyone with diabetes, regardless of his or her capacity to pay. He immediately introduced diabetes education enabling people with diabetes to make lifestyle modifications (self-injections and an adequate diet). This concept of patient empowerment through education has since become the hallmark of diabetes associations around the world. The 27th meeting of the group was hosted by Dr. John Jones and Dr. Maria Paula Macedo (Coimbra and Lisboa, Portugal) with the overall theme of ‘New Voyages of Discovery Towards Understanding Insulin Actions.’","PeriodicalId":43231,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000179","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49496881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-15DOI: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000173
A. Krentz, S. Jacob
Diabetes, of which type 2 diabetes accounts for approximately 90% of cases, is a major preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease that has reached pandemic proportions [1]. The presence of diabetes compounds the effects of other risk factors to increase the probability of vascular disease. Type 2 diabetes escalates the threat of heart failure, worsens the clinical course of cardiovascular diseases and shortens life expectancy albeit with variations in risk between subgroups of patients [2,3]. Although hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction in western countries have declined in recent decades [4] diabetes continues to confer excess modifiable cardiovascular morbidity and premature mortality [5]. Encouragingly from a therapeutic standpoint, a recent study demonstrated that patients with type 2 diabetes who had five risk-factor variables within the target ranges appeared to have little or no excess risk of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke compared to the general population of Sweden [5].
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Pub Date : 2019-05-15DOI: 10.1097/XCE.0000000000000174
A. Krentz
The 2019 Diabetes UK conference in Liverpool was notable for the range of home-grown innovative research – much of which had clinical translational relevance – on display. Examples ranged from updates on the potential utility of pharmacogenomics through advances in the diagnosis and care of patients with monogenic forms of diabetes to an intriguing demonstration of the potential value of current assays of C-peptide to reclassify diabetes subtypes. Other presentations at the conference also served to illustrate the gathering momentum of precision medicine in diabetes.
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