Pub Date : 2015-12-17DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7351998
M. Florkowski, B. Florkowska, P. Zydroń
In order to investigate partial discharge mechanism and dynamics, a novel methodology - Chopped Partial Discharges - has been elaborated. Typically, either during laboratory measurements or at on-site field testing, partial discharges are detected by applying a continuous sinusoidal excitation, most regularly 50/60 Hz. A chopped partial discharge sequence consists of a number of packets of a base waveform, separated by a variable time delay. The base waveform may be sinusoidal, square-like, trapezoidal or with the different shapes reflecting various switching phenomena and stresses occurring in insulation systems. In this paper, a chopped partial discharge approach is applied in the investigation of the internal mechanism inside voids, especially with respect to void surface conditions and charge decay phenomena. The void embedded in epoxy resin was investigated. In order to properly understand the mechanism of partial discharge in a void, it is necessary to understand the field created by surface charges which remain after previous discharge events. Such deposited charges create an internal field, which interplays with superimposed external electric field in terms of the discharge inception conditions. As a result partial discharge inception occurs at a different phase angle of the external background field relative to the equivalent inception angle for a continuous sequence.
{"title":"Analysis of Chopped Partial Discharge sequence","authors":"M. Florkowski, B. Florkowska, P. Zydroń","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7351998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7351998","url":null,"abstract":"In order to investigate partial discharge mechanism and dynamics, a novel methodology - Chopped Partial Discharges - has been elaborated. Typically, either during laboratory measurements or at on-site field testing, partial discharges are detected by applying a continuous sinusoidal excitation, most regularly 50/60 Hz. A chopped partial discharge sequence consists of a number of packets of a base waveform, separated by a variable time delay. The base waveform may be sinusoidal, square-like, trapezoidal or with the different shapes reflecting various switching phenomena and stresses occurring in insulation systems. In this paper, a chopped partial discharge approach is applied in the investigation of the internal mechanism inside voids, especially with respect to void surface conditions and charge decay phenomena. The void embedded in epoxy resin was investigated. In order to properly understand the mechanism of partial discharge in a void, it is necessary to understand the field created by surface charges which remain after previous discharge events. Such deposited charges create an internal field, which interplays with superimposed external electric field in terms of the discharge inception conditions. As a result partial discharge inception occurs at a different phase angle of the external background field relative to the equivalent inception angle for a continuous sequence.","PeriodicalId":432404,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP)","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114679983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-17DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352042
Bao Weining, Liu Yingyan, Gao Yanfeng, Liu Shaohua, Xidong Liang, Wang Jiafu
The internal macroscopic interface, which is between fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) and silicone rubber, is the weak point in the whole composite insulation system, in general. Moisture ingress may lead to interfacial adhesion loss and even cause a significant decline of insulation properties. It should be noted that, it is lack of the detection method for interface electrical properties. In this study, an electrode system is designed and manufactured to measure the interface partial discharge (PD). The electrodes are embedded into the interface during the curing process. As we know, when the composite insulators encounter liquids, the liquids may permeate into the silicone rubber housing via diffusion process and reach the interface between the silicone rubber and FRP, which may cause the damage to the interface and also the change of PD properties under ac voltages. In our study, the PD properties in the interface before and after liquids permeation were measured by a PD measurement system. The liquids we chose in this study were three kinds, including deionized water, NaCl solution and HNO3 solution, since composite insulators encountered such kinds of liquids in practice. Since the permeation time for liquids was the key point, different values of PD were gained after several different days' permeation, which may reflect the deterioration process of the interface. Our PD research, together with the past test results about interface resistivity, could provide an in-depth understanding of the interface performance in composite insulators.
{"title":"Study on the interface partial discharge between silicone rubber and fiber reinforced plastic in composite insulators","authors":"Bao Weining, Liu Yingyan, Gao Yanfeng, Liu Shaohua, Xidong Liang, Wang Jiafu","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352042","url":null,"abstract":"The internal macroscopic interface, which is between fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) and silicone rubber, is the weak point in the whole composite insulation system, in general. Moisture ingress may lead to interfacial adhesion loss and even cause a significant decline of insulation properties. It should be noted that, it is lack of the detection method for interface electrical properties. In this study, an electrode system is designed and manufactured to measure the interface partial discharge (PD). The electrodes are embedded into the interface during the curing process. As we know, when the composite insulators encounter liquids, the liquids may permeate into the silicone rubber housing via diffusion process and reach the interface between the silicone rubber and FRP, which may cause the damage to the interface and also the change of PD properties under ac voltages. In our study, the PD properties in the interface before and after liquids permeation were measured by a PD measurement system. The liquids we chose in this study were three kinds, including deionized water, NaCl solution and HNO3 solution, since composite insulators encountered such kinds of liquids in practice. Since the permeation time for liquids was the key point, different values of PD were gained after several different days' permeation, which may reflect the deterioration process of the interface. Our PD research, together with the past test results about interface resistivity, could provide an in-depth understanding of the interface performance in composite insulators.","PeriodicalId":432404,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125127041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-17DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352025
Yang Zhongyi, Xingliang Jiang, Zhijin Zhang, Dongdong Zhang, Liu Youchao
The external insulation contamination on real transmission line is mainly composed by the mixture of NaCl, CaSO4 and other various kinds of constituents. Different constituents have effects on the flashover performance of various types insulator, but it is still not considered by the existing standard about external insulation design in polluted region. This paper investigated the electrical property of different types of insulator string under typical pollution constituents. During the tests, the insulator samples were polluted by NaCl, CaSO4 and mixture pollution constituents in representative region respectively. The flashover data was obtained and then the waste rate of insulation were calculated based on pollution withstand voltage method. Research results indicate that, The characteristic b of ceramic, glass and composite insulator under mixture constituents pollution is obviously lower than that under NaCl, traditional design method overrates the influence of ESDD on flashover performance; the electrical property of applied insulator under mixture pollution constituents should be studied to provide better reference for the external insulation design; When using the pollution withstand method to design the external insulation, the leakage distance of insulation should be chosen basing on the mixture pollution constituents in practical region.
{"title":"Electrical property of different types insulator string under typical pollution constituents","authors":"Yang Zhongyi, Xingliang Jiang, Zhijin Zhang, Dongdong Zhang, Liu Youchao","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352025","url":null,"abstract":"The external insulation contamination on real transmission line is mainly composed by the mixture of NaCl, CaSO4 and other various kinds of constituents. Different constituents have effects on the flashover performance of various types insulator, but it is still not considered by the existing standard about external insulation design in polluted region. This paper investigated the electrical property of different types of insulator string under typical pollution constituents. During the tests, the insulator samples were polluted by NaCl, CaSO4 and mixture pollution constituents in representative region respectively. The flashover data was obtained and then the waste rate of insulation were calculated based on pollution withstand voltage method. Research results indicate that, The characteristic b of ceramic, glass and composite insulator under mixture constituents pollution is obviously lower than that under NaCl, traditional design method overrates the influence of ESDD on flashover performance; the electrical property of applied insulator under mixture pollution constituents should be studied to provide better reference for the external insulation design; When using the pollution withstand method to design the external insulation, the leakage distance of insulation should be chosen basing on the mixture pollution constituents in practical region.","PeriodicalId":432404,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP)","volume":"46 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122531822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-17DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352011
Takahiro Nagase, Takuma Mori, H. Miyake, Y. Tanaka
Irradiating an electron beam to the ETFE, it is thought that electron-hole pairs are generated inside the sample. However, there is no reported cases about this problem. Therefore, by using a blocking layer to block the charge injection from the outside, an inside of an irradiated sample electron-hole pairs were investigated whether it is produced in the DC stress.
{"title":"Space charge accumulation characteristics in ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer under DC high stress","authors":"Takahiro Nagase, Takuma Mori, H. Miyake, Y. Tanaka","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352011","url":null,"abstract":"Irradiating an electron beam to the ETFE, it is thought that electron-hole pairs are generated inside the sample. However, there is no reported cases about this problem. Therefore, by using a blocking layer to block the charge injection from the outside, an inside of an irradiated sample electron-hole pairs were investigated whether it is produced in the DC stress.","PeriodicalId":432404,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121877218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-17DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352043
Jinhua Dong, Kai Wu, Z. Shao, Rui Su
Space charge accumulation in the dielectrics can greatly distort the electric field, and then greatly influence the in-situ property, degradation and breakdown properties. It is affected by several factors like electrical field, temperature and fillers. The focus of this paper is the behavior of space charge in the unfilled/filled epoxy resin under temperature gradient. In this work, neat epoxy resin and SiO2-epoxy resin nanocomposites were prepared, and the measurements were carried out under different electrical field (5-50kV/mm) and different temperature gradient (ΔT=0-60°C) by a modified pulsed electro-acoustic system. At room temperature (T=20°C, ΔT=0°C), only homocharge accumulation near the anode is observed in neat epoxy resin, while no charge accumulation is detected in the bulk of nanocomposites. When the temperature gradient is high enough (ΔT≥40°C), a lot of charge is injected from the high temperature electrode (cathode) and accumulates in the bulk of samples. Most of charge accumulates near the cathode in epoxy resin, while the charge accumulated in nanocomposites extends through the thickness of the sample. The reason for the different behavior of space charge in neat epoxy resin and nanocomposites is discussed.
{"title":"Space charge accumulation in epoxy resin and its nanocomposites under temperature gradient","authors":"Jinhua Dong, Kai Wu, Z. Shao, Rui Su","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352043","url":null,"abstract":"Space charge accumulation in the dielectrics can greatly distort the electric field, and then greatly influence the in-situ property, degradation and breakdown properties. It is affected by several factors like electrical field, temperature and fillers. The focus of this paper is the behavior of space charge in the unfilled/filled epoxy resin under temperature gradient. In this work, neat epoxy resin and SiO2-epoxy resin nanocomposites were prepared, and the measurements were carried out under different electrical field (5-50kV/mm) and different temperature gradient (ΔT=0-60°C) by a modified pulsed electro-acoustic system. At room temperature (T=20°C, ΔT=0°C), only homocharge accumulation near the anode is observed in neat epoxy resin, while no charge accumulation is detected in the bulk of nanocomposites. When the temperature gradient is high enough (ΔT≥40°C), a lot of charge is injected from the high temperature electrode (cathode) and accumulates in the bulk of samples. Most of charge accumulates near the cathode in epoxy resin, while the charge accumulated in nanocomposites extends through the thickness of the sample. The reason for the different behavior of space charge in neat epoxy resin and nanocomposites is discussed.","PeriodicalId":432404,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129939325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-17DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352106
Joakim P. M. Jambeck, M. Unge, S. Laihonen
In order to increase the energy density in capacitors the properties of dielectric media has to be enhanced. One way of achieving this is to add voltage stabilizing additives, however, these may lead to increased the dielectric losses. In the current study Molecular Dynamics simulations are used to compute dielectric permittivities and losses for a polyethylene system with additives. From the dipole moment of the system the dielectric constant was computed. From the autocorrelation function of the total dipole moment the dielectric losses were computed. In order to decrease the wall clock time of the simulations a multi-scale model was developed which speeds up the calculations. The strengths and weaknesses of this model is discussed and it is concluded that it performs well in determining absolute dielectric permittivities and relative dielectric losses.
{"title":"Determining the dielectric losses in polymers by using Molecular Dynamics simulations","authors":"Joakim P. M. Jambeck, M. Unge, S. Laihonen","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352106","url":null,"abstract":"In order to increase the energy density in capacitors the properties of dielectric media has to be enhanced. One way of achieving this is to add voltage stabilizing additives, however, these may lead to increased the dielectric losses. In the current study Molecular Dynamics simulations are used to compute dielectric permittivities and losses for a polyethylene system with additives. From the dipole moment of the system the dielectric constant was computed. From the autocorrelation function of the total dipole moment the dielectric losses were computed. In order to decrease the wall clock time of the simulations a multi-scale model was developed which speeds up the calculations. The strengths and weaknesses of this model is discussed and it is concluded that it performs well in determining absolute dielectric permittivities and relative dielectric losses.","PeriodicalId":432404,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125805945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-17DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352035
H. Ahmad, A. Haddad, H. Griffiths, S. Robson, T. Nishimura, N. Tsukamoto
One of the most challenging design aspects of high voltage equipment is to ensure adequate electrical field distribution and controlled magnitudes within the insulation regions of the equipment to ensure integrity and long term satisfactory in-service performance. Electrode geometry can be designed to improve distribution and lower peak magnitudes of electrical fields. However, this is not sufficient in many cases. In order to influence the distribution of the field within the insulation medium and its surroundings, a number of techniques were introduced for bushing, cable terminations and electrical machines. These include semi-conducting and specialist grading materials. In recent years, the development of zinc oxide (ZnO) microvaristors has allowed a further opportunity for field control, in particular, in outdoor insulators and cable terminations applications. This paper gives an overview of the fabrication process of ZnO microvaristors loaded grading compound materials for electrical field control and details an experimental approach to characterize the material. Further analysis was carried out to obtain the electrical properties of the material, such as conductivity and permittivity as a function applied voltage. An application to outdoor insulators is proposed and modelled.
{"title":"Electrical characterisation of ZnO microvaristor materials and compounds","authors":"H. Ahmad, A. Haddad, H. Griffiths, S. Robson, T. Nishimura, N. Tsukamoto","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352035","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most challenging design aspects of high voltage equipment is to ensure adequate electrical field distribution and controlled magnitudes within the insulation regions of the equipment to ensure integrity and long term satisfactory in-service performance. Electrode geometry can be designed to improve distribution and lower peak magnitudes of electrical fields. However, this is not sufficient in many cases. In order to influence the distribution of the field within the insulation medium and its surroundings, a number of techniques were introduced for bushing, cable terminations and electrical machines. These include semi-conducting and specialist grading materials. In recent years, the development of zinc oxide (ZnO) microvaristors has allowed a further opportunity for field control, in particular, in outdoor insulators and cable terminations applications. This paper gives an overview of the fabrication process of ZnO microvaristors loaded grading compound materials for electrical field control and details an experimental approach to characterize the material. Further analysis was carried out to obtain the electrical properties of the material, such as conductivity and permittivity as a function applied voltage. An application to outdoor insulators is proposed and modelled.","PeriodicalId":432404,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127945744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-17DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352000
M. M. Hussain, S. Farokhi, S. McMeekin, M. Farzaneh
Pollution flashover on high voltage insulators is a major problem for power transmission lines. It is a very complex issue due to many factors i.e. modelling and design difficulties, unknown environmental stress, non-uniform distribution of pollution on insulator surface and different pollution levels in different regions. The deposition of pollution layers on high-voltage (HV) insulator surface is the first stage of pollution flashover. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of dry band formation and its characteristics on HV insulators with different salt mixtures and variable pollution layer thickness. The non-uniformity of the contaminant distribution, wetting and drying process leads to the development and formation of multiple dry bands on the insulator surface. From the test results it is clear that the dry band formation is not uniform with different salt mixtures. COMSOL Multiphysics™ has been used to simulate an insulator surface to find the variation of dry band formation with applied voltage. In particular, this paper aims to obtain a better reproduction method of pollution layers deposited on insulators which is very important to improve the reliability of HV insulators installed near coastal regions.
{"title":"Dry band formation on HV insulators polluted with different salt mixtures","authors":"M. M. Hussain, S. Farokhi, S. McMeekin, M. Farzaneh","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352000","url":null,"abstract":"Pollution flashover on high voltage insulators is a major problem for power transmission lines. It is a very complex issue due to many factors i.e. modelling and design difficulties, unknown environmental stress, non-uniform distribution of pollution on insulator surface and different pollution levels in different regions. The deposition of pollution layers on high-voltage (HV) insulator surface is the first stage of pollution flashover. The aim of this paper is to investigate the influence of dry band formation and its characteristics on HV insulators with different salt mixtures and variable pollution layer thickness. The non-uniformity of the contaminant distribution, wetting and drying process leads to the development and formation of multiple dry bands on the insulator surface. From the test results it is clear that the dry band formation is not uniform with different salt mixtures. COMSOL Multiphysics™ has been used to simulate an insulator surface to find the variation of dry band formation with applied voltage. In particular, this paper aims to obtain a better reproduction method of pollution layers deposited on insulators which is very important to improve the reliability of HV insulators installed near coastal regions.","PeriodicalId":432404,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP)","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115803862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-17DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352045
Gao Yanfeng, Wu Chao, Liang Xidong, Liu Yingyan, Wang Guoli, G. Chao
In order to further utilize the transmission line cooridor, meanwhile, achieve a relatively friendly electromagnetic environment, composite cross arm is developed and employed in the transmission system. The electric field distribution as well as the electromagentic environment of composite cross arm deserves a detailed and in-depth study to verify its performance. In this research, the three-dimension (3D) finite element method (FEM) was employed to calculate the electric field distribution of composite cross arm. The electromagnetic environment was characterized by electric field intensity on the ground, radio interference and audible noise and these parameters were investigated and analysed. Calculation results indicated that by using proper metal hardware, composite cross arm could obtain a relatively suitable distribution of electric field and potential. The electromagnetic environment calculation results demonstrated that composite cross arm could meet the standard design requirement. Furthermore, some suggestions were made based on this research to achieve an optimization use of composite cross arm.
{"title":"Electric field and electromagnetic environment analyses of a 500 kV composite cross arm","authors":"Gao Yanfeng, Wu Chao, Liang Xidong, Liu Yingyan, Wang Guoli, G. Chao","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352045","url":null,"abstract":"In order to further utilize the transmission line cooridor, meanwhile, achieve a relatively friendly electromagnetic environment, composite cross arm is developed and employed in the transmission system. The electric field distribution as well as the electromagentic environment of composite cross arm deserves a detailed and in-depth study to verify its performance. In this research, the three-dimension (3D) finite element method (FEM) was employed to calculate the electric field distribution of composite cross arm. The electromagnetic environment was characterized by electric field intensity on the ground, radio interference and audible noise and these parameters were investigated and analysed. Calculation results indicated that by using proper metal hardware, composite cross arm could obtain a relatively suitable distribution of electric field and potential. The electromagnetic environment calculation results demonstrated that composite cross arm could meet the standard design requirement. Furthermore, some suggestions were made based on this research to achieve an optimization use of composite cross arm.","PeriodicalId":432404,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133350902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-17DOI: 10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352148
A. Garner, Joshua J. Maciejewski, Anand Vadlamani, Ryan J. Byer
Electric pulses (EPs) can permeabilize cell membranes and intracellular organelles through pore formation. Changing the pulse duration and the shape of the pulses can alter the biological effects. Here, simulation results based upon the coupling of the asymptotic Smoluchowski equation for pore formation and the Nernst-Planck equation for ion motion show that a single 10ns or 600 ns EP permeabilizes the cell membrane on the side of field exposure to facilitate electrophoresis of calcium ions into the cell. Following the EP, the pores partially reseal and calcium concentration initially declines before increasing again across the cell due to diffusion. Calcium concentrations increase to ~5 mM due after approximately 1 ms. Preliminary simulations for other pulse durations and discussed and extensions for bipolar pulses and novel pulse shapes are discussed.
{"title":"Electric pulse shape impact on biological effects: A modeling study","authors":"A. Garner, Joshua J. Maciejewski, Anand Vadlamani, Ryan J. Byer","doi":"10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CEIDP.2015.7352148","url":null,"abstract":"Electric pulses (EPs) can permeabilize cell membranes and intracellular organelles through pore formation. Changing the pulse duration and the shape of the pulses can alter the biological effects. Here, simulation results based upon the coupling of the asymptotic Smoluchowski equation for pore formation and the Nernst-Planck equation for ion motion show that a single 10ns or 600 ns EP permeabilizes the cell membrane on the side of field exposure to facilitate electrophoresis of calcium ions into the cell. Following the EP, the pores partially reseal and calcium concentration initially declines before increasing again across the cell due to diffusion. Calcium concentrations increase to ~5 mM due after approximately 1 ms. Preliminary simulations for other pulse durations and discussed and extensions for bipolar pulses and novel pulse shapes are discussed.","PeriodicalId":432404,"journal":{"name":"2015 IEEE Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena (CEIDP)","volume":"408 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133205820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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