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Moving the Dark to Wholeness : the Elegies of Wendell Berry 从黑暗走向完整:温德尔·贝里的挽歌
Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.7282/T3QZ2CQ0
J. Triggs
With each year, Wendell Berry claims a more significant position among contemporary American poets. 1 From his common beginnings as one of a generation of poets trained in the precepts of the New Criticism he has pursued his own “path,” as he calls it, with uncommon intellectual rigor and poetic sensitivity. In our age of weak religious faith, many poets, faced with death and the threat of nuclear devastation, have fallen into sterility or despair. Berry, however, over the course of his career has come to terms with death and made its acceptance central to his philosophy of affirmation. For him, acceptance of death makes possible human love, fidelity, and the perpetuation of the community of men on earth. Like so many poets of his generation, Berry has developed as an artist by escaping the ubiquitous enchantment of Understanding Poetry . Under the influence of Brooks and Warren, Berry began his career writing individual, “well-made” lyrics that emphasized paradox and irony, and drew for inspiration from the Elizabethans by way of Yeats and T. S. Eliot. A former Kentucky farm boy “exiled” to the freshman writing department of New York University, Berry found in the new critical approach a distancing irony to protect his sensibility from the city’s hostile, alien environment:
温德尔·贝瑞在当代美国诗人中的地位逐年上升。作为受新批评主义训诫训练的一代诗人,他的出发点很普通,但他以不同寻常的智力严谨和诗歌的敏锐追求着自己的“道路”。在我们这个宗教信仰薄弱的时代,许多诗人面对死亡和核毁灭的威胁,陷入了不育或绝望。然而,在他的职业生涯中,贝瑞已经接受了死亡,并将接受死亡作为他的肯定哲学的核心。对他来说,接受死亡使人类的爱、忠诚和地球上人类共同体的延续成为可能。像他那一代的许多诗人一样,贝瑞通过逃避无处不在的“理解诗歌”的魅力而发展成为一名艺术家。在布鲁克斯和沃伦的影响下,贝瑞开始创作个人的、“精心制作”的歌词,强调悖论和讽刺,并从叶芝和t·s·艾略特的伊丽莎白时代获得灵感。贝瑞曾是肯塔基州的一个农场男孩,被“流放”到纽约大学的新生写作系,他在新的批评方法中发现了一种疏远的讽刺,以保护他的感性,不受城市敌对、陌生环境的影响。
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