Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1007/s40802-022-00226-w
S. Lekkas, Panos Merkouris
{"title":"Interpretation of International Law: Rules, Content, and Evolution","authors":"S. Lekkas, Panos Merkouris","doi":"10.1007/s40802-022-00226-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-022-00226-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43288,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands International Law Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"183 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47799303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-30DOI: 10.1007/s40802-022-00225-x
I. Buga
{"title":"The Impact of Subsequent Customary International Law on Treaties: Pushing the Boundaries of Interpretation?","authors":"I. Buga","doi":"10.1007/s40802-022-00225-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-022-00225-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43288,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands International Law Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"241 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47776923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-23DOI: 10.1007/s40802-022-00221-1
S. Lekkas
{"title":"The Uses of the Outputs of the International Law Commission in International Adjudication: Subsidiary Means or Artefacts of Rules?","authors":"S. Lekkas","doi":"10.1007/s40802-022-00221-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-022-00221-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43288,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands International Law Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"327-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44915174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-23DOI: 10.1007/s40802-022-00224-y
K. Schmalenbach
{"title":"Acts of International Organizations as Extraneous Material for Treaty Interpretation","authors":"K. Schmalenbach","doi":"10.1007/s40802-022-00224-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-022-00224-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43288,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands International Law Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"271 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47916125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-18DOI: 10.1007/s40802-022-00223-z
E. Kassoti
{"title":"Interpretation of Unilateral Acts in International Law","authors":"E. Kassoti","doi":"10.1007/s40802-022-00223-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-022-00223-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43288,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands International Law Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"295 - 326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48543964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1007/s40802-022-00222-0
Gleider Hernández
{"title":"Law’s Determinability: Indeterminacy, Interpretative Authority, and the International Legal System","authors":"Gleider Hernández","doi":"10.1007/s40802-022-00222-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-022-00222-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43288,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands International Law Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"191 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45451830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-26DOI: 10.1007/s40802-022-00219-9
Sofia Cavandoli, Gary A. Wilson
{"title":"Distorting Fundamental Norms of International Law to Resurrect the Soviet Union: The International Law Context of Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine","authors":"Sofia Cavandoli, Gary A. Wilson","doi":"10.1007/s40802-022-00219-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-022-00219-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43288,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands International Law Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"383 - 410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48415885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefano Catalano, Valentina La Morgia, Anna Rita Molinar Min, Angela Fanelli, Pier Giuseppe Meneguz, Paolo Tizzani
The Convention on Biological Diversity classifies "Invasive Alien Species" as those whose introduction and spread represents a threat for biodiversity. Introduction of alien pathogens, including parasites, is one of the main consequences of the introduction of invasive alien species. The objective of this work was to assess the parasite community composition in native lagomorphs (Lepus europaeus and Lepus timidus varronis) in sympatric and non-sympatric conditions with an alien lagomorph (Sylvilagus floridanus), and to evaluate the phenotypic traits of exotic parasites in such conditions. We firstly describe the characteristics of the parasite community in the different host species (richness, prevalence, abundance and intensity), and, secondly, the phenotypic traits of the observed parasite species in each host. Nine helminths were reported on: eight nematodes (Obeliscoides cuniculi, Trichostrongylus calcaratus, Trichostrongylus retortaeformis, Trichostrongylus affinis, Trichuris leporis, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Passalurus ambiguus, and Nematodirus sp.) and one unidentified cestode. In addition, exotic parasites showed significantly different phenotypic plasticity after spillover from S. floridanus to L. europaeus, whereas endemic parasite species were not isolated in the alien S. floridanus. Our results highlight that the community of autochthonous and allochthonous Lagomorpha in northwestern Italy represents an extremely interesting system for modelling ecological and evolutionary interactions between parasites and their hosts.
生物多样性公约》将 "外来入侵物种 "归类为其引进和传播对生物多样性构成威胁的物种。外来病原体（包括寄生虫）的引入是外来入侵物种引入的主要后果之一。这项工作的目的是评估本地长尾鼬（Lepus europaeus 和 Lepus timidus varronis）与外来长尾鼬（Sylvilagus floridanus）在同域和非同域条件下的寄生虫群落组成，并评估外来寄生虫在这种条件下的表型特征。我们首先描述了不同寄主物种中寄生虫群落的特征（丰富度、流行率、丰度和强度），其次描述了在每种寄主中观察到的寄生虫物种的表型特征。共报告了九种蠕虫：八种线虫（Obeliscoides cuniculi、钙化三代线虫、网纹三代线虫、affinis三代线虫、leporis毛滴虫、Trichostrongylus colubriformis、Passalurus ambiguus和Nematodirus sp.）和一种未确定的绦虫。此外，外来寄生虫在从 S. floridanus 转移到 L. europaeus 后表现出明显不同的表型可塑性，而本地寄生虫物种在外来 S. floridanus 中没有分离出来。我们的研究结果突出表明，意大利西北部的自生和外来Lagomorpha群落是一个非常有趣的系统，可用于模拟寄生虫及其宿主之间的生态和进化相互作用。
{"title":"Gastrointestinal Parasite Community and Phenotypic Plasticity in Native and Introduced Alien Lagomorpha.","authors":"Stefano Catalano, Valentina La Morgia, Anna Rita Molinar Min, Angela Fanelli, Pier Giuseppe Meneguz, Paolo Tizzani","doi":"10.3390/ani12101287","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani12101287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Convention on Biological Diversity classifies \"Invasive Alien Species\" as those whose introduction and spread represents a threat for biodiversity. Introduction of alien pathogens, including parasites, is one of the main consequences of the introduction of invasive alien species. The objective of this work was to assess the parasite community composition in native lagomorphs <i>(Lepus europaeus</i> and <i>Lepus timidus varronis</i>) in sympatric and non-sympatric conditions with an alien lagomorph (<i>Sylvilagus floridanus</i>), and to evaluate the phenotypic traits of exotic parasites in such conditions. We firstly describe the characteristics of the parasite community in the different host species (richness, prevalence, abundance and intensity), and, secondly, the phenotypic traits of the observed parasite species in each host. Nine helminths were reported on: eight nematodes (<i>Obeliscoides cuniculi</i>, <i>Trichostrongylus calcaratus</i>, <i>Trichostrongylus retortaeformis</i>, <i>Trichostrongylus affinis</i>, <i>Trichuris leporis</i>, <i>Trichostrongylus colubriformis</i>, <i>Passalurus ambiguus</i>, and <i>Nematodirus</i> sp.) and one unidentified cestode. In addition, exotic parasites showed significantly different phenotypic plasticity after spillover from <i>S. floridanus</i> to <i>L. europaeus</i>, whereas endemic parasite species were not isolated in the alien <i>S. floridanus.</i> Our results highlight that the community of autochthonous and allochthonous Lagomorpha in northwestern Italy represents an extremely interesting system for modelling ecological and evolutionary interactions between parasites and their hosts.</p>","PeriodicalId":43288,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands International Law Review","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9138120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74566666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1007/s40802-022-00213-1
M. Janis
{"title":"Britain and European Human Rights Law: An Author’s Apology","authors":"M. Janis","doi":"10.1007/s40802-022-00213-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-022-00213-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43288,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands International Law Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"153 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48289759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1007/s40802-022-00215-z
P. McAuliffe
{"title":"M. Salehi, Transitional Justice in Process: Plans and Politics in Tunisia","authors":"P. McAuliffe","doi":"10.1007/s40802-022-00215-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-022-00215-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43288,"journal":{"name":"Netherlands International Law Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"171 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42875022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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