This paper presents the design and analysis of a piezoelectric cantilever beam with tip mass under ambient mechanical vibration energy source. The ambient mechanical vibration energy generates stress and strain in the piezoelectric materials, which is converted into electrical energy by the principle of piezoelectric effect. The generated energy can be used for low power electronic devices. The geometry of the cantilever beam structure was designed by using SolidWorks. The structure consists of a bimorph piezoelectric layer, Aluminium substrate, and a tungsten proof mass. The cantilever beam was simulated using the Finite Element Method (FEM) in COMSOL Multiphysics. During FEM simulation, a vibration source of 1g acceleration was applied on the beam. As a result, the maximum displacement of the beam was obtained 2.4 µm at a resonant frequency of 192.25 Hz. Stress generation on the beam was analyzed because the piezoelectric energy harvesting from vibration depends on stress generation in piezoelectric materials. The maximum amount of stress was found 1.11×105 N/m2 at the clamped end of the beam during resonance. A voltage output of 4.4mV has been obtained from the harvester. The designed beam can be operated in low-frequency ambient vibration sources.
{"title":"Finite element analysis of piezoelectric cantilever beam using vibration for energy harvesting devices","authors":"Md. Naim Uddin, M. Islam, M. Riyad, M. S. Bhuyan","doi":"10.1063/5.0037801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0037801","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design and analysis of a piezoelectric cantilever beam with tip mass under ambient mechanical vibration energy source. The ambient mechanical vibration energy generates stress and strain in the piezoelectric materials, which is converted into electrical energy by the principle of piezoelectric effect. The generated energy can be used for low power electronic devices. The geometry of the cantilever beam structure was designed by using SolidWorks. The structure consists of a bimorph piezoelectric layer, Aluminium substrate, and a tungsten proof mass. The cantilever beam was simulated using the Finite Element Method (FEM) in COMSOL Multiphysics. During FEM simulation, a vibration source of 1g acceleration was applied on the beam. As a result, the maximum displacement of the beam was obtained 2.4 µm at a resonant frequency of 192.25 Hz. Stress generation on the beam was analyzed because the piezoelectric energy harvesting from vibration depends on stress generation in piezoelectric materials. The maximum amount of stress was found 1.11×105 N/m2 at the clamped end of the beam during resonance. A voltage output of 4.4mV has been obtained from the harvester. The designed beam can be operated in low-frequency ambient vibration sources.","PeriodicalId":433621,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (ICME2019)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129232551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Finite element (FE) modeling is commonly used in many civil engineering applications, especially in structural and geotechnical engineering. However, many geotechnical problems, such as large-scale landslides and debris flow and their impact on infrastructure cannot be modeled using typical FE programs developed in the Lagrangian framework because of numerical issues related to extreme mesh distortion. In recent years, large deformation finite element (LDFE) modeling techniques have been developed that can minimize/avoid mesh distortion issues to some extent. An alternative modeling technique is the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach, which shows some advantages over LDFE modeling for some applications, especially when the soil transforms into a fluid-like state due to remolding and fluidization. This paper presents some CFD simulation results with particular applications to offshore pipelines and risers.
{"title":"Application of computational fluid dynamics approach for modeling response of offshore pipeline and riser","authors":"B. Hawlader, S. Dutta, Anup Fouzder","doi":"10.1063/5.0037890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0037890","url":null,"abstract":"Finite element (FE) modeling is commonly used in many civil engineering applications, especially in structural and geotechnical engineering. However, many geotechnical problems, such as large-scale landslides and debris flow and their impact on infrastructure cannot be modeled using typical FE programs developed in the Lagrangian framework because of numerical issues related to extreme mesh distortion. In recent years, large deformation finite element (LDFE) modeling techniques have been developed that can minimize/avoid mesh distortion issues to some extent. An alternative modeling technique is the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach, which shows some advantages over LDFE modeling for some applications, especially when the soil transforms into a fluid-like state due to remolding and fluidization. This paper presents some CFD simulation results with particular applications to offshore pipelines and risers.","PeriodicalId":433621,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (ICME2019)","volume":"30 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125699517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper demonstrates a numerical study of heat transfer in a square porous cavity filled with non-Newtonian power-law fluid. A Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) has been used to accelerate the numerical simulation, which uses the Multiple-Relaxation-Time (MRT) Lattice Boltzmann Method. A modified power-law model has been employed to characterize the flow of non-Newtonian fluids. The simulations have been conducted for the power-law index $n$ ranging from $(0.6 leq n leq 1.0)$, the Darcy number $Da$ ranging from $(10^{-3} leq Da leq 10^{-1})$ and the Rayleigh number $Ra$ ranging from $(10^3 leq Ra leq 10^5)$. Results show that the average Nusselt number ($overline{Nu}$) decreases with an increase in the value of $n$ while $overline{Nu}$ increases with an increase in the value of $Da$. Moreover, an increment in the value of $Ra$ leads to an increase in the average Nusselt number.
本文对充满非牛顿幂律流体的方形多孔腔内的传热进行了数值研究。图形处理单元(GPU)采用多重弛豫时间(MRT)晶格玻尔兹曼方法来加速数值模拟。一个修正的幂律模型被用来描述非牛顿流体的流动。对幂律指数$n$ ($(0.6 leq n leq 1.0)$)、达西数$Da$ ($(10^{-3} leq Da leq 10^{-1})$)和瑞利数$Ra$ ($(10^3 leq Ra leq 10^5)$)进行了模拟。结果表明，平均努塞尔数($overline{Nu}$)随$n$值的增大而减小，$overline{Nu}$随$Da$值的增大而增大。此外，$Ra$值的增加会导致平均努塞尔数的增加。
{"title":"GPU accelerated lattice Boltzmann simulation of non-Newtonian power-law fluid in a porous enclosure","authors":"Mashnoon Islam, P. Nag, M. Molla","doi":"10.1063/5.0037577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0037577","url":null,"abstract":"This paper demonstrates a numerical study of heat transfer in a square porous cavity filled with non-Newtonian power-law fluid. A Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) has been used to accelerate the numerical simulation, which uses the Multiple-Relaxation-Time (MRT) Lattice Boltzmann Method. A modified power-law model has been employed to characterize the flow of non-Newtonian fluids. The simulations have been conducted for the power-law index $n$ ranging from $(0.6 leq n leq 1.0)$, the Darcy number $Da$ ranging from $(10^{-3} leq Da leq 10^{-1})$ and the Rayleigh number $Ra$ ranging from $(10^3 leq Ra leq 10^5)$. Results show that the average Nusselt number ($overline{Nu}$) decreases with an increase in the value of $n$ while $overline{Nu}$ increases with an increase in the value of $Da$. Moreover, an increment in the value of $Ra$ leads to an increase in the average Nusselt number.","PeriodicalId":433621,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (ICME2019)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124914219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md Shajedul Hoque Thakur, M. Islam, N. Monisha, Pritom Bose, Md. Adnan Mahathir Munshi, T. H. Pial
Functionally graded materials (FGM) eliminate the stress singularity in the interface between two different materials and therefore have a wide range of applications in high temperature environments such as engines, nuclear reactors, spacecrafts etc. Therefore, it is essential to study the mechanical properties of different FGM materials. This paper aims at establishing a method for modelling FGMs in molecular dynamics (MD) to get a better insight of their mechanical properties. In this study, the mechanical characteristics of Cu-Ni FGM nanowires (NW) under uniaxial loading have been investigated using the proposed method through MD simulations. In order to describe the inter-atomic forces and hence predict the properties properly, EAM (Embedded atom model) potential has been used. The nanowire is composed of an alloying constituent in the core and the other constituent graded functionally along the outward radial direction. Simple Linear and Exponential functions have been considered as the functions which defines the grading pattern. The alloying percentage on the surface has been varied from 0% to 50% for both Cu-cored and Ni-cored nanowires. All the simulations have been carried out at 300 K. The L/D ratios are 10.56 and 10.67 for Cu-cored and Ni-cored NWs, respectively. This study suggests that Ultimate Tensile Stress and Young's modulus increase with increasing surface Ni percentage in Cu-cored NWs. However, in Ni-cored NWs these values decrease with the increase of surface Cu percentage. Also, for the same surface percentage of Ni in Cu-cored NW, the values are higher in linearly graded FGMs than that in exponentially graded FGMs. While in Ni-cored NWs, exponentially graded FGM shows higher values of UTS and E than those in linearly graded FGM. Thus, grading functions and surface percentages can be used as parameters for modulating the mechanical properties of FGM nanowires.
功能梯度材料(FGM)消除了两种不同材料之间界面的应力奇异性，因此在发动机、核反应堆、航天器等高温环境中有着广泛的应用。因此，研究不同FGM材料的力学性能是十分必要的。本文旨在建立一种分子动力学(MD)建模方法，以更好地了解其力学性能。在本研究中，采用该方法通过MD模拟研究了Cu-Ni FGM纳米线(NW)在单轴载荷下的力学特性。为了描述原子间力从而正确地预测其性质，采用了嵌入原子模型(Embedded atom model)势。所述纳米线由一种合金成分和另一种成分沿向外径向梯度组成。简单的线性函数和指数函数被认为是定义分级模式的函数。无论是铜芯纳米线还是镍芯纳米线，其表面的合金含量都在0% ~ 50%之间。所有的模拟都是在300k下进行的。cu - NWs和ni - NWs的L/D分别为10.56和10.67。研究表明，随着表面Ni含量的增加，NWs的极限拉伸应力和杨氏模量也随之增加。然而，在ni核的NWs中，这些值随着表面Cu百分比的增加而降低。此外，对于相同的Ni表面百分比，线性梯度的fgm的数值高于指数梯度的fgm。而在ni核NWs中，指数分级FGM的UTS和E值高于线性分级FGM。因此，分级函数和表面百分比可以作为调节FGM纳米线力学性能的参数。
{"title":"Atomistic modelling of functionally graded Cu-Ni alloy and its implication on the mechanical properties of nanowires","authors":"Md Shajedul Hoque Thakur, M. Islam, N. Monisha, Pritom Bose, Md. Adnan Mahathir Munshi, T. H. Pial","doi":"10.1063/5.0037478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0037478","url":null,"abstract":"Functionally graded materials (FGM) eliminate the stress singularity in the interface between two different materials and therefore have a wide range of applications in high temperature environments such as engines, nuclear reactors, spacecrafts etc. Therefore, it is essential to study the mechanical properties of different FGM materials. This paper aims at establishing a method for modelling FGMs in molecular dynamics (MD) to get a better insight of their mechanical properties. In this study, the mechanical characteristics of Cu-Ni FGM nanowires (NW) under uniaxial loading have been investigated using the proposed method through MD simulations. In order to describe the inter-atomic forces and hence predict the properties properly, EAM (Embedded atom model) potential has been used. The nanowire is composed of an alloying constituent in the core and the other constituent graded functionally along the outward radial direction. Simple Linear and Exponential functions have been considered as the functions which defines the grading pattern. The alloying percentage on the surface has been varied from 0% to 50% for both Cu-cored and Ni-cored nanowires. All the simulations have been carried out at 300 K. The L/D ratios are 10.56 and 10.67 for Cu-cored and Ni-cored NWs, respectively. This study suggests that Ultimate Tensile Stress and Young's modulus increase with increasing surface Ni percentage in Cu-cored NWs. However, in Ni-cored NWs these values decrease with the increase of surface Cu percentage. Also, for the same surface percentage of Ni in Cu-cored NW, the values are higher in linearly graded FGMs than that in exponentially graded FGMs. While in Ni-cored NWs, exponentially graded FGM shows higher values of UTS and E than those in linearly graded FGM. Thus, grading functions and surface percentages can be used as parameters for modulating the mechanical properties of FGM nanowires.","PeriodicalId":433621,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (ICME2019)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132905973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present numerical dissertation investigates a steady two-dimensional natural convection flow of viscous incompressible fluid considering viscous dissipation along a uniformly heated vertical wavy surface in presence of internal heat generation and Joule heating. Using the appropriate transformations the governing equations are transformed into non-dimensional boundary layer equations manually. After getting dimensionless differential equations manually, the equations are solved numerically by employing the implicit finite difference method together with Keller-box scheme with the help of coding software FORTRAN. Numerical results including the development of velocity profiles, the temperature profiles, the skin friction coefficient Cfx, the rate of heat transfer in terms of Nusselt number Nux, the streamlines as well as the isotherms are shown graphically and in a table form for comparison. The results illustrated that increasing values of heat generation, viscous dissipation and Joule heating parameters, increase the velocity, temperature, skin friction of fluid flow but decrease the rate of heat transfer.
{"title":"Free convection flow with Joule heating, heat generation and viscous dissipation along a vertical wavy surface","authors":"MD. NURUL AMIN","doi":"10.1063/5.0037584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0037584","url":null,"abstract":"The present numerical dissertation investigates a steady two-dimensional natural convection flow of viscous incompressible fluid considering viscous dissipation along a uniformly heated vertical wavy surface in presence of internal heat generation and Joule heating. Using the appropriate transformations the governing equations are transformed into non-dimensional boundary layer equations manually. After getting dimensionless differential equations manually, the equations are solved numerically by employing the implicit finite difference method together with Keller-box scheme with the help of coding software FORTRAN. Numerical results including the development of velocity profiles, the temperature profiles, the skin friction coefficient Cfx, the rate of heat transfer in terms of Nusselt number Nux, the streamlines as well as the isotherms are shown graphically and in a table form for comparison. The results illustrated that increasing values of heat generation, viscous dissipation and Joule heating parameters, increase the velocity, temperature, skin friction of fluid flow but decrease the rate of heat transfer.","PeriodicalId":433621,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering (ICME2019)","volume":"290 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123439668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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