Pub Date : 2022-01-01Epub Date: 2021-03-16DOI: 10.1007/s12469-020-00259-5
Fabio Kon, Éderson Cássio Ferreira, Higor Amario de Souza, Fábio Duarte, Paolo Santi, Carlo Ratti
Bicycling has grown significantly in the past ten years. In some regions, the implementation of large-scale bike-sharing systems and improved cycling infrastructure are two of the factors enabling this growth. An increase in non-motorized modes of transportation makes our cities more human, decreases pollution, traffic, and improves quality of life. In many cities around the world, urban planners and policymakers are looking at cycling as a sustainable way of improving urban mobility. Although bike-sharing systems generate abundant data about their users' travel habits, most cities still rely on traditional tools and methods for planning and policy-making. Recent technological advances enable the collection and analysis of large amounts of data about urban mobility, which can serve as a solid basis for evidence-based policy-making. In this paper, we introduce a novel analytical method that can be used to process millions of bike-sharing trips and analyze bike-sharing mobility, abstracting relevant mobility flows across specific urban areas. Backed by a visualization platform, this method provides a comprehensive set of analytical tools to support public authorities in making data-driven policy and planning decisions. This paper illustrates the use of the method with a case study of the Greater Boston bike-sharing system and, as a result, presents new findings about that particular system. Finally, an assessment with expert users showed that this method and tool were considered very useful, relatively easy to use and that they intend to adopt the tool in the near future.
{"title":"Abstracting mobility flows from bike-sharing systems.","authors":"Fabio Kon, Éderson Cássio Ferreira, Higor Amario de Souza, Fábio Duarte, Paolo Santi, Carlo Ratti","doi":"10.1007/s12469-020-00259-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12469-020-00259-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bicycling has grown significantly in the past ten years. In some regions, the implementation of large-scale bike-sharing systems and improved cycling infrastructure are two of the factors enabling this growth. An increase in non-motorized modes of transportation makes our cities more human, decreases pollution, traffic, and improves quality of life. In many cities around the world, urban planners and policymakers are looking at cycling as a sustainable way of improving urban mobility. Although bike-sharing systems generate abundant data about their users' travel habits, most cities still rely on traditional tools and methods for planning and policy-making. Recent technological advances enable the collection and analysis of large amounts of data about urban mobility, which can serve as a solid basis for evidence-based policy-making. In this paper, we introduce a novel analytical method that can be used to process millions of bike-sharing trips and analyze bike-sharing mobility, abstracting relevant mobility flows across specific urban areas. Backed by a visualization platform, this method provides a comprehensive set of analytical tools to support public authorities in making data-driven policy and planning decisions. This paper illustrates the use of the method with a case study of the Greater Boston bike-sharing system and, as a result, presents new findings about that particular system. Finally, an assessment with expert users showed that this method and tool were considered very useful, relatively easy to use and that they intend to adopt the tool in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":43411,"journal":{"name":"Historia Actual Online","volume":"1 1","pages":"545-581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7961174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73794686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Capitalism is a non-mechanistic universe that expands globally from the constant increase in the speed of production promoting a development of social chaos. Chaos, encouraged by capitalism and its production, is built from a series of strategies in which the participants evolve the game from the knowledge of the rules that transform their scenario as an economic system. This game poses a problem based on the fact that a minority of the participants condition the participation of a majority of the participants who have incomplete information about the game. This minority, clearly not knowing the rules of the game, and conditioned by the growth of production, observe how, in their environment, the reality in which they live is surrounded by social uncertainty.
{"title":"La globalización capitalista entendida como un juego caótico. Reflexión sobre la incertidumbre social","authors":"Javier Aranda Prieto","doi":"10.36132/HAO.VI56.1988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36132/HAO.VI56.1988","url":null,"abstract":"Capitalism is a non-mechanistic universe that expands globally from the constant increase in the speed of production promoting a development of social chaos. Chaos, encouraged by capitalism and its production, is built from a series of strategies in which the participants evolve the game from the knowledge of the rules that transform their scenario as an economic system. This game poses a problem based on the fact that a minority of the participants condition the participation of a majority of the participants who have incomplete information about the game. This minority, clearly not knowing the rules of the game, and conditioned by the growth of production, observe how, in their environment, the reality in which they live is surrounded by social uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":43411,"journal":{"name":"Historia Actual Online","volume":"1 1","pages":"181-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42376308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El objetivo principal de este articulo es el de valorar la creacion artistica, en este caso musical, como una forma de resistencia anticolonial no-violenta en el contexto palestino. Diferenciando las particularidades segun el origen de artistas o bandas: diaspora/poblacion refugiada, territorios ocupados desde 1948 y territorios ocupados desde 1967. Tambien, se busca aportar una vision lo mas completa posible de como en una situacion de conflicto, en la que se esta llevando a cabo un proceso colonial, se puede desarrollar un panorama musical considerable, implicado y concienciado con diversas luchas sociales
{"title":"La música popular urbana palestina como forma de resistencia anticolonial en la actualidad (1998-2020)","authors":"J. C. Martínez","doi":"10.36132/HAO.VI56.2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36132/HAO.VI56.2021","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo principal de este articulo es el de valorar la creacion artistica, en este caso musical, como una forma de resistencia anticolonial no-violenta en el contexto palestino. Diferenciando las particularidades segun el origen de artistas o bandas: diaspora/poblacion refugiada, territorios ocupados desde 1948 y territorios ocupados desde 1967. Tambien, se busca aportar una vision lo mas completa posible de como en una situacion de conflicto, en la que se esta llevando a cabo un proceso colonial, se puede desarrollar un panorama musical considerable, implicado y concienciado con diversas luchas sociales","PeriodicalId":43411,"journal":{"name":"Historia Actual Online","volume":"1 1","pages":"7-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44280341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A partir de los anos sesenta se dio, a nivel internacional, una importante evolucion de la concepcion de la discapacidad, liderada por unos familiares y afectados cada vez mas conscientes y mejor organizados. En Espana se experimento un proceso similar, aunque condicionado por la situacion politica particular. En este articulo nos centramos en la evolucion de la opinion publica sobre la diversidad funcional en los anos del tardofranquismo, rastreando tanto la permanencia de los aspectos mas arcaicos como la irrupcion de nuevas visiones
{"title":"De invisibles a “estar de moda”: la percepción de la discapacidad en el tardofranquismo","authors":"E. Contreras","doi":"10.36132/HAO.VI56.2067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36132/HAO.VI56.2067","url":null,"abstract":"A partir de los anos sesenta se dio, a nivel internacional, una importante evolucion de la concepcion de la discapacidad, liderada por unos familiares y afectados cada vez mas conscientes y mejor organizados. En Espana se experimento un proceso similar, aunque condicionado por la situacion politica particular. En este articulo nos centramos en la evolucion de la opinion publica sobre la diversidad funcional en los anos del tardofranquismo, rastreando tanto la permanencia de los aspectos mas arcaicos como la irrupcion de nuevas visiones","PeriodicalId":43411,"journal":{"name":"Historia Actual Online","volume":"1 1","pages":"47-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49142350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Román Ruiz, Gloria, Franquismo de carne y hueso. Entre el consentimiento y las resistencias cotidianas (1939-1075), Valencia, PUV, 2020, 378 pp","authors":"L. Borrego","doi":"10.36132/HAO.VI56.2049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36132/HAO.VI56.2049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43411,"journal":{"name":"Historia Actual Online","volume":"1 1","pages":"209-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41953859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Social Political Brigade (SPB), the political police of the Franco dictatorship, played a fundamental role in the repression of the regime. Using infiltrations, torture to confront the anti-Franco opposition. The objective of this article is, first, to understand how these police functioned, and then to analyze what happened to its members during the years of the Transition and democracy. See how the different policies of historical memory that have existed in our country have affected them, how the victims of their repression have acted in these democratic years, to verify whether or not SPB members are part of that so-called “Spanish model of impunity"
{"title":"La Brigada Político Social y el \"modelo de impunidad español\": Del franquismo a nuestros días","authors":"P. A. Pérez","doi":"10.36132/HAO.VI56.2120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36132/HAO.VI56.2120","url":null,"abstract":"The Social Political Brigade (SPB), the \u0000political police of the Franco dictatorship, played a fundamental role in the repression of the \u0000regime. Using infiltrations, torture to confront \u0000the anti-Franco opposition. The objective of this \u0000article is, first, to understand how these police \u0000functioned, and then to analyze what happened \u0000to its members during the years of the Transition \u0000and democracy. See how the different policies of \u0000historical memory that have existed in our country have affected them, how the victims of their \u0000repression have acted in these democratic years, \u0000to verify whether or not SPB members are part \u0000of that so-called “Spanish model of impunity\"","PeriodicalId":43411,"journal":{"name":"Historia Actual Online","volume":"1 1","pages":"91-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42816801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to analyze the photographic images used as evidence in the judicial processes carried out by both sides during the Spanish Civil War and, later, by the Francoist dictatorship. By establishing their genre, uses and iconography we argue that these images were created under the codes of the pre-war and war period, acquiring new meanings and readings over the decades, becoming part of the narrative of both the generation that brought them to life and subsequent generations
{"title":"Fotografía y Guerra Civil Española: Usos de la imagen no b´élica y posmemoria","authors":"E. Palacios","doi":"10.36132/HAO.VI56.2055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36132/HAO.VI56.2055","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyze the photographic images used as evidence in the judicial \u0000processes carried out by both sides during the \u0000Spanish Civil War and, later, by the Francoist dictatorship. By establishing their genre, uses and \u0000iconography we argue that these images were \u0000created under the codes of the pre-war and war \u0000period, acquiring new meanings and readings \u0000over the decades, becoming part of the narrative \u0000of both the generation that brought them to life \u0000and subsequent generations","PeriodicalId":43411,"journal":{"name":"Historia Actual Online","volume":"1 1","pages":"61-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47164489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Carrera, Nicolás Iñigo, Estrategias de la clase obrera en los orígenes del peronismo, Buenos Aires, EUDEM, Grupo Editor Universitario, 2019, 138 pp.","authors":"Gonzalo Pérez Álvarez","doi":"10.36132/HAO.VI56.1990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36132/HAO.VI56.1990","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43411,"journal":{"name":"Historia Actual Online","volume":" ","pages":"195-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45748331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Las mas de ochenta transiciones ocurridas en el mundo desde que se produjo la Transicion a la democracia en Espana han permitido a la Justicia Transicional convertirse en una practica bien asentada. De momento no hay consenso en la relacion que existe entre la practica transicional y la redistribucion de la riqueza a largo plazo, pero se ha descrito recientemente como las transiciones lideradas por sus elites son menos redistributivas que aquellas que se llevan a cabo por medio de un proceso revolucionario o de ruptura. La investigacion realizada constituye un estudio de caso acerca de la evolucion de las democracias del Sur de Europa, tras sus transiciones democraticas en terminos de redistribucion de la riqueza. En ella se observa una tendencia divergente en esta materia de Espana respecto a Portugal y Grecia. Para el analisis causal se propone una teoria de esqueletos en el armario, adaptando el modelo de Nalepa; basado, a su vez, en los efectos sobre la calidad democratica de la falta de transparencia en la informacion secreta sobre los colaboradores con el regimen autoritario anterior. Esta comparativa ilustra como el ocultamiento de informacion ha derivado en el fortalecimiento de la posicion de determinadas elites, a traves de redes clandestinas de poder originadas en el anterior estado autoritario en el caso de Espana
{"title":"Esqueletos en el armario de la transición española. Transparencia y desigualdad en transiciones a la democracia","authors":"Vanesa Damiano Sánchez","doi":"10.36132/HAO.VI56.2118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36132/HAO.VI56.2118","url":null,"abstract":"Las mas de ochenta transiciones ocurridas en el mundo desde que se produjo la Transicion a la democracia en Espana han permitido a la Justicia Transicional convertirse en una practica bien asentada. De momento no hay consenso en la relacion que existe entre la practica transicional y la redistribucion de la riqueza a largo plazo, pero se ha descrito recientemente como las transiciones lideradas por sus elites son menos redistributivas que aquellas que se llevan a cabo por medio de un proceso revolucionario o de ruptura. La investigacion realizada constituye un estudio de caso acerca de la evolucion de las democracias del Sur de Europa, tras sus transiciones democraticas en terminos de redistribucion de la riqueza. En ella se observa una tendencia divergente en esta materia de Espana respecto a Portugal y Grecia. Para el analisis causal se propone una teoria de esqueletos en el armario, adaptando el modelo de Nalepa; basado, a su vez, en los efectos sobre la calidad democratica de la falta de transparencia en la informacion secreta sobre los colaboradores con el regimen autoritario anterior. Esta comparativa ilustra como el ocultamiento de informacion ha derivado en el fortalecimiento de la posicion de determinadas elites, a traves de redes clandestinas de poder originadas en el anterior estado autoritario en el caso de Espana","PeriodicalId":43411,"journal":{"name":"Historia Actual Online","volume":"1 1","pages":"105-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46569944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fernández López, José Manuel, Con las botas puestas. La historia del soldado a través del cine, Madrid, Edaf, 2020, 392 pp.","authors":"María Benítez Medina","doi":"10.36132/HAO.VI56.2133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36132/HAO.VI56.2133","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43411,"journal":{"name":"Historia Actual Online","volume":"1 1","pages":"204-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46100932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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