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Simulazione acustica di spazi antichi: problematiche e soluzioni 旧空间的声学模拟:问题与解决方案
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3280/ria1-2023oa14983
Francesco Martellotta
La ricostruzione acustica di spazi antichi, esistenti in condizioni molto diverse o non più esistenti, sta diventando un'attività sempre più diffusa in diversi campi di ricerca. La disponibilità di diversi software ha portato la simulazione acustica fuori dai laboratori specializzati e ha permesso a un pubblico molto più ampio di sfruttare le loro potenzialità. Tuttavia, come qualsiasi altro strumento di simulazione, l'affidabilità dei risultati deve essere attentamente valutata in quanto dipende da una serie di fattori relativi alla corretta conoscenza del processo di simulazione e delle caratteristiche dell'edificio da simulare.
在各种研究领域中,对不同条件下或已不复存在的古老空间进行声学重建正变得越来越流行。各种软件的出现使声学模拟走出了专门的实验室,让更多的人可以利用其潜力。然而,与其他任何模拟工具一样,模拟结果的可靠性必须经过仔细评估,因为它取决于与模拟过程的正确知识和被模拟建筑的特性有关的许多因素。
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引用次数: 0
AURA project: enjoyment of the auralisation experience by different target groups AURA 项目:不同目标群体对听觉化体验的享受
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3280/ria1-2023oa14815
Chiara Bartalucci, Raffaella Bellomini, Lucia Busa, Paola Pulella, Sara Delle Macchie, S. Luzzi
Modern technologies have become a familiar feature in experiencing our cultural heritage. With the AURA (Auralisation of acoustic heritage sites using Augmented and Virtual Reality) project, music and opera houses in Berlin, Florence and Lviv opened up to the potentials of auralisation for music performing arts and establishments. AURA reached out to the European music community and offer a wide range of opportunities of building new audiences, new business models, new performance practices and exciting new aural experiences. Also, it aims to create a model for cross sectoral collaboration to foster creativity and to promote European heritage in new ways. The present article describes the procedures applied by Vie en.ro.se Ingegneria project partner to engage different target groups, make them experience auralised models of the three theatres and assess their perception through a questionnaire designed ad-hoc for each group and through the participation in round tables discussions. The main outcomes from the analysis of the collected data are reported, together with the structure of video tutorials implemented to ensure a wide dissemination of results.
现代技术已成为我们体验文化遗产的一个常见特征。柏林、佛罗伦萨和利沃夫的音乐和歌剧院通过 "AURA"(利用增强现实和虚拟现实技术实现声学遗产地的声学化)项目,开启了音乐表演艺术和机构的声学化潜能。AURA 项目面向欧洲音乐界,为培养新的观众、新的商业模式、新的表演实践和令人兴奋的新听觉体验提供了广泛的机会。此外,它还旨在创建一个跨部门合作的模式,以促进创造力,并以新的方式推广欧洲遗产。本文介绍了 Vie en.ro.se Ingegneria 项目合作伙伴为吸引不同目标群体的参与而采用的程序,让他们体验三个剧院的听觉化模式,并通过为每个群体临时设计的调查问卷和参与圆桌讨论来评估他们的看法。报告了对所收集数据进行分析后得出的主要结果,以及为确保广泛传播结果而实施的视频教程结构。
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引用次数: 0
Misure acustiche presso il Teatro greco di Siracusa e confronto con modello numerico 锡拉库萨希腊剧院的声学测量结果及与数值模型的比较
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3280/ria1-2023oa14860
Andrea Cerniglia, Elisa Amato, Gelsomina Di Feo, Roberto Bettari, Enrica De Melio
L'articolo illustra i primi risultati relativi ad una campagna di misure acustiche effettuate all'interno del Teatro Greco di Siracusa, e il confronto di quanto ottenuto sperimentalmente con i risultati di una simulazione numerica effettuata con codice di calcolo. Lo studio ha evidenziato le ottime caratteristiche acustiche del teatro, la sostanziale rispondenza dello STI misurato con lo STI calcolato, e una sovrastima del C50 calcolato. Inoltre, i rilievi sperimentali hanno evidenziato un comportamento inatteso presso un area specifica del teatro, che sarà successivamente indagato.  
文章介绍了在锡拉库扎希腊剧院内进行的声学测量活动的初步结果,并将实验结果与使用计算代码进行的数值模拟结果进行了比较。研究强调了剧院出色的声学特性,测量的 TSI 与计算的 TSI 非常吻合,而且计算的 C50 被高估了。此外,实验测量结果表明,在剧院的一个特定区域存在意想不到的行为,稍后将对此进行研究。 ;
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引用次数: 0
The function of the First Ancient Theatre of Larissa within the soundscape of the contemporary urban fabric 拉里萨第一古剧场在当代城市声音景观中的功能
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3280/ria1-2023oa14848
K. Chourmouziadou
During the process of urban development in Greece a part of the first ancient theatre of Larissa was revealed. Today, after several expropriations and support frameworks, the theatre is fully excavated and partly reconstructed. Recently, an International Open Ideas Competition was launched for the urban regeneration of the surrounding area and the enhancement of the theatre's value and function. This paper presents the historic information of the theatre, it describes its evolution through the centuries, responding to the city's development, it investigates its acoustics based on previous measurements, noise maps, land use and the contemporary soundscape. Moreover, it discusses the competition axes and urban design approaches aiming to identify the effect of the application of design proposals to the theatre's function and future use.
在希腊城市发展过程中,拉里萨第一个古剧场的一部分被揭露出来。如今,经过数次征用和支持框架,该剧院已被完全挖掘并部分重建。最近,为了对周边地区进行城市改造,提高剧院的价值和功能,举办了一次国际公开创意竞赛。本文介绍了剧院的历史信息,描述了剧院几个世纪以来的演变过程,并对城市的发展做出了回应,还根据以前的测量结果、噪声地图、土地使用情况和现代声景对剧院的声学进行了研究。此外,本文还讨论了竞赛轴和城市设计方法,旨在确定设计建议的应用对剧院功能和未来使用的影响。
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引用次数: 0
La voce negli antichi spazi 古老空间中的声音
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3280/ria1-2023oa14807
M. Francini
La voce e il canto in luoghi storici e archeologici per viaggiare nel tempo attraverso il suono. Performance sonore e vocali attraverso la ricerca e la sperimentazione all'interno di spazi che hanno straordinarie architetture e riverberi. Avere una connessione con la profondità storica, geografica e culturale delle origini attraverso le nostre "Voci di Dentro" per creare "Altri Spazi" e migliorare le qualità percettive e di emissione vocale. Con voce e strumenti musicali è possibile improvvisare in totale libertà, ispirandosi alla forte relazione con i luoghi, utilizzando strumenti che si adattano agli ambienti come percussioni, strumenti a fiato, strumenti ad arco, conchiglie, pietre e acqua. I luoghi delle performance sono: Le antiche Terme di Baia, Il Castel Sant'Elmo (Napoli), Il Castello Maschio Angioino (Napoli).  Oltre all'esperienza artistica, terapeutica, sonora e sperimentale, il progetto si propone come un percorso di valorizzare e fruizione dei siti storici, archeologici, moderni e postmoderni e della comunicazione tra antiche e nuove tradizioni, realizzando performance dal vivo e produzioni audiovisive. L'autore conduce, da oltre 10 anni, la sperimentazione e la ricerca de La Voce negli Antichi Spazi in diverse università, convegni e accademie italiane.
在历史和考古遗址中用声音和歌声穿越时空。通过研究和实验,在具有非凡建筑和回响的空间中进行声音和歌唱表演。通过我们 "来自内心的声音",与历史、地理和文化的深层渊源建立联系,创造 "其他空间",提高感知能力和声乐素质。通过声音和乐器,可以进行完全自由的即兴表演,灵感来源于与地方的紧密联系,使用的乐器包括打击乐器、管乐器、弦乐器、贝壳、石头和水等适应环境的乐器。演出地点包括巴亚古浴场、圣埃尔莫城堡(那不勒斯)、马斯奇奥-安焦诺城堡(那不勒斯)。 除了艺术、治疗、声音和实验性体验之外,该项目还将自己定位为历史、考古、现代和后现代遗址的价值评估和欣赏之路,以及古今传统之间的交流之路,实现现场表演和视听制作。十多年来,作者一直在意大利多所大学、会议和学术机构进行 La Voce negli Antichi Spazi 的实验和研究。
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引用次数: 0
The restoration of the Theatre of Arts Academy in Tirana - Acoustic analysis and design of the new Orchestra pit 地拉那艺术学院剧院修复工程--新管弦乐坑的声学分析和设计
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3280/ria1-2023oa14809
Simone Secchi, Veronica Amodeo, Fabio Capanni, Riccardo Renzi, L. Tronchin
The origin of the Theatre of Arts Academy of Tirana dates back to the early 20th Century, based on the design of the Italian architect Gherardo Bosio. It was almost abandoned in the last 20 years and only recently a complete renovation has been undertaken, including the extension of the Orchestra pit. Measurements were carried out at different points in the platea, in the gallery and in the lodges, using both balloon bursting and sine sweep convolution technique. The results of the measurements achieved in each of the areas with the two different techniques were compared with each other and with the reference values given by literature. According to the measurements, the Theatre appears to be rather dull, but is nevertheless listed as one of the best theatres in Albania. Acoustic measurements (monaural and binaural IRs) were then used to calibrate the 3D simulation model and to elaborate the new acoustic design of the Theatre, the most important part of which concerns the reopening of the Orchestra pit, which had been closed and unused for the past decades. The paper briefly reports the history of the Theatre and the most important outcomes of measurements and simulations.
地拉那艺术学院剧院的历史可以追溯到 20 世纪初,由意大利建筑师杰拉尔多-博西奥(Gherardo Bosio)设计。在过去的 20 年中,该剧院几乎被废弃,直到最近才进行了全面翻修,包括扩建管弦乐池。采用气球爆破和正弦扫频卷积技术,在高原、长廊和大厅的不同位置进行了测量。使用两种不同技术对每个区域的测量结果进行了比较,并与文献提供的参考值进行了比较。根据测量结果,剧院显得比较沉闷,但仍被列为阿尔巴尼亚最好的剧院之一。声学测量结果(单声道和双声道红外)随后被用于校准三维模拟模型,并详细说明剧院的新声学设计,其中最重要的部分涉及重新开放管弦乐团演奏厅,该演奏厅在过去几十年中一直处于关闭和闲置状态。本文简要介绍了剧院的历史以及最重要的测量和模拟结果。
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引用次数: 0
Preserving and Managing the Sonic Heritage of the Performative Spaces of the Past 保护和管理过去表演空间的声学遗产
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3280/ria1-2023oa14845
Angela Bellia
The ongoing "Sonic Heritage" project aims to develop a new multidisciplinary analytical approach that models the relationship between the intangible aspects and the spatial configuration of performative spaces of the past in order to assess the risks to sonic heritage of particular case studies in Italy, and to contribute to the monitoring of present-day sound and noise for the future management and preservation of historical cultural heritage. Moreover, this project also concerns the risk assessment of sonic heritage in ancient theatrical spaces as well as the modern reuse of these theatrical structures and the relationship with their intangible aspects, environment, and landscape. This paper will present some issues raised by the "Sonic Heritage" project concerning the study of sonic heritage of ancient theatres and how sonic heritage could be preserved and managed in the future.
正在进行的 "声波遗产 "项目旨在开发一种新的多学科分析方法,对过去表演空间的非 物质方面和空间结构之间的关系进行建模,以评估意大利特定案例研究中的声波遗产风 险,并促进对当今声音和噪音的监测,以便今后对历史文化遗产进行管理和保护。此外,该项目还涉及古代剧院空间声波遗产的风险评估,以及这些剧院结构的现代再利用及其与非物质方面、环境和景观的关系。本文将介绍 "声波遗产 "项目在研究古代剧院声波遗产方面提出的一些问题,以及今后如何保护和管理声波遗产。
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引用次数: 0
Special issue from the Symposium on the acoustics of ancient theatres 古代剧院声学研讨会特刊
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3280/ria1-2023oa16788
Arianna Astolfi, P. Fausti, John Mourjopoulos
Ancient theatres are some of the most significant cultural and architectural masterpieces of the ancient world. The Greeks and Romans developed these spaces for entertainment, political and social commentary, religious rituals and artistic expression. They were built with great attention to acoustics and sightlines. The use of materials such as marble, stone, and brick helped to reflect and amplify sound, while seating arrangements and other architectural features were used to optimize the audience's listening experience. Today, many ancient theatres have been restored or preserved and are often still used for public performances including opera, drama, speech and music. Furthermore, researchers continue to study the acoustic properties of these ancient spaces, seeking to better understand the technical and artistic innovations that enabled the creation of such remarkable buildings. These aspects, as well as more interdisciplinary studies, were presented and discussed during the Symposium on The Acoustics of Ancient Theatres, held in Verona from 6 to 8 July 2022. The Symposium, organized by the Acoustical Society of Italy (AIA) and the European Acoustics Association (EAA), with the collaboration of the Hellenic Institute of Acoustics (HELINA), was the second on this topic after the one held in Patras (Greece) in 2011. The program of the Symposium included keynote speeches, presentations in structured sessions, posters, technical visits to the Verona Arena and Roman Theatre, workshops and demos. The visit to the Verona Arena was particularly inspiring, as it was possible to enter the technical areas and backstage usually closed to visitors, thanks to the Stage Director who guided the visit. The evolution and development of new technologies for the multichannel measurement systems, together with acoustic simulations, auralisation methods and virtual reconstructions, have generated renewed interest in these ancient spaces and it is commendable that the Rivista Italiana di Acustica (RIA) is devoting an entire issue to publish some of the works presented during the Symposium. The special issue includes 10 papers, divided into 5 invited contributions, 3 scientific papers and 2 technical notes. Papers dealing with issues related to Italy and its theatres were prioritised. 
古代剧院是古代世界最重要的文化和建筑杰作。希腊人和罗马人开发了这些空间,用于娱乐、政治和社会评论、宗教仪式和艺术表现。它们在建造时非常注重音响效果和视线。大理石、石材和砖块等材料的使用有助于反射和放大声音,而座位安排和其他建筑特征则用于优化观众的听觉体验。如今,许多古代剧院已被修复或保留下来,通常仍用于歌剧、戏剧、演讲和音乐等公共表演。此外,研究人员还在继续研究这些古代空间的声学特性,试图更好地了解促成这些非凡建筑诞生的技术和艺术创新。在 2022 年 7 月 6 日至 8 日于维罗纳举行的古代剧院声学研讨会上,对这些方面以及更多跨学科研究进行了介绍和讨论。此次研讨会由意大利声学学会(AIA)和欧洲声学协会(EAA)主办,希腊声学研究所(HELINA)协办,是继 2011 年在希腊帕特雷举行的研讨会之后的第二次研讨会。研讨会日程包括主题演讲、分阶段会议发言、海报、维罗纳竞技场和罗马剧院技术参观、研讨会和演示。对维罗纳竞技场的参观尤其令人鼓舞,因为在舞台总监的带领下,参观者可以进入通常不对参观者开放的技术区和后台。多通道测量系统新技术的演变和发展,以及声学模拟、听觉化方法和虚拟重建,重新激发了人们对这些古老空间的兴趣,值得称赞的是,《意大利声学杂志》(RIA)专门用一整期的篇幅刊登了研讨会期间发表的一些作品。特刊包括 10 篇论文,分为 5 篇特邀稿件、3 篇科学论文和 2 篇技术说明。涉及意大利及其剧院相关问题的论文被优先考虑;
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引用次数: 0
Progettazione, installazione e messa a punto di un sistema audio in un grande spazio all'aperto soggetto a vincoli artistici ed archeologici 在一个大型露天场所设计、安装和微调音响系统,但要受到艺术和考古方面的限制
Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.3280/ria1-2023oa14813
Guido Diamanti
Rispetto ad un impianto audio installato in un luogo convenzionale, aspetti come il percorso dei cavi, le dimensioni e le posizioni degli altoparlanti sono soggetti a limitazioni che richiedono una particolare attenzione da parte dell'appaltatore, nella definizione del layout dell'impianto e della sua messa a punto. Inoltre, sono presenti tutte le problematiche tipiche legate alla progettazione di un impianto audio in un grande spazio all'aperto principalmente legate alla velocità di propagazione del suono e alla capacità di integrazione dell'orecchio umano. Nel presente articolo è presentata la metodologia di progettazione del sistema.
与安装在传统场所的音响系统相比,电缆布线、尺寸和扬声器位置等方面都受到限制,承包商在确定系统布局和调试时需要特别注意。此外,在大型露天场所设计音响系统时还会遇到各种典型问题,主要与声音传播速度和人耳的整合能力有关。本文介绍了系统设计方法。
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引用次数: 0
Efficiency vs. acceptability of hearing protectors in industrial environments 工业环境中听力保护器的效率与可接受性
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.3320/1.2765824
P. Arezes, A. Miguel
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引用次数: 4
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Rivista Italiana di Acustica
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