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Self-Control, Decision Theory, and Rationality最新文献

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The Many Ways to Achieve Diachronic Unity 实现历时统一的多种方法
Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1017/9781108329170.012
K. Easwaran, Reuben Stern
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引用次数: 0
Frames, Rationality, and Self-Control 框架,理性和自我控制
Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1017/9781108329170.009
J. Bermúdez
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引用次数: 6
Putting Willpower into Decision Theory 将意志力纳入决策理论
Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1017/9781108329170.011
Natalie Gold
. In decision-theory, problems of self-control can be modelled as problems of intra-personal cooperation, between a series of transient agents who each make choices at particular times. Early agents in the series can try to influence the actions of later agents, but there is no rational way to exert willpower. I show how willpower can be introduced into decision theory by applying the theory of team reasoning, which was originally developed to understand cooperation between individuals in groups and allows that there can be multiple levels of agency, the individual and the team. In the case of intertemporal choice, the levels are the transient agent and the person over time. Intra-personal team reasoning, understood as a psychological process of identifying with the person over time, can generate a plausible theory of rational control if the intertemporal problem is structured as a threshold public goods game. In this framework, willpower is the ability to align one’s present self with one’s extended interests by identifying with the person over time. I show how intra-personal team reasoning creates a space for resolutions in decision theory and how it resolves a puzzle that exists in accounts that understand willpower as making and then not reconsidering resolutions.
. 在决策理论中,自我控制的问题可以被建模为个人内部合作的问题,在一系列短暂的代理之间,每个代理在特定的时间做出选择。系列中的早期主体可以尝试影响后期主体的行为,但没有合理的方式来发挥意志力。我展示了如何通过应用团队推理理论将意志力引入决策理论,团队推理最初是为了理解群体中个人之间的合作而发展起来的,并允许有多个层次的代理,个人和团队。在跨期选择的情况下,水平是短暂的代理和人随着时间的推移。个人内部团队推理被理解为一种随着时间的推移而认同他人的心理过程,如果跨期问题被构建为一种门槛公共产品博弈,则可以产生一种合理的理性控制理论。在这个框架中,意志力是一种通过长期认同他人,将现在的自己与长远利益结合起来的能力。我展示了个人内部的团队推理如何在决策理论中为决心创造空间,以及它如何解决存在于将意志力理解为做出决定然后不重新考虑的账户中的难题。
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引用次数: 4
Index 指数
Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1017/9781108329170.013
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引用次数: 0
Temptation and Preference-Based Instrumental Rationality 基于诱惑和偏好的工具理性
Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1017/9781108329170.002
J. Thoma
In the dynamic choice literature, temptations are usually understood as temporary shifts in an agent’s preferences. What has been puzzling about these cases is that, on the one hand, an agent seems to do better by her own lights if she does not give into the temptation, and does so without engaging in costly commitment strategies. This seems to indicate that it is instrumentally irrational for her to give into temptation. On the other hand, resisting temptation also requires her to act contrary to the preferences she has at the time of temptation. But that seems to be instrumentally irrational as well. I here consider the two most prominent types of argument why resisting temptation could nevertheless be instrumentally rational, namely two-tier and intra-personal cooperation arguments. I establish that the arguments either fail or are redundant. In particular, the arguments fail under the pervasive assumption in both decision theory and the wider literature on practical rationality that the agent’s preferences over the objects of choice are themselves the standard of instrumental rationality. And they either still fail or they become redundant when we give up that assumption.
在动态选择的文献中,诱惑通常被理解为代理人偏好的暂时变化。在这些案例中,令人困惑的是,一方面,如果一个行为人不屈服于诱惑,而且不采取代价高昂的承诺策略,那么根据她自己的判断,她似乎会做得更好。这似乎表明,她屈服于诱惑是一种非理性的行为。另一方面,抵制诱惑也要求她采取与她在诱惑时的偏好相反的行动。但这在工具上似乎也是非理性的。我在这里考虑两种最突出的论点,为什么抵制诱惑仍然可以是工具理性的,即双层和个人内部合作的论点。我确定这些论证要么是失败的,要么是多余的。特别是,在决策理论和更广泛的实践理性文献中普遍存在的假设下,这些论点都失败了,即行为主体对选择对象的偏好本身就是工具理性的标准。当我们放弃这个假设时,它们要么仍然失败,要么变得多余。
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引用次数: 4
Preference Reversals, Delay Discounting, Rational Choice, and the Brain 偏好逆转、延迟贴现、理性选择和大脑
Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1017/9781108329170.006
L. Green, J. Myerson
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引用次数: 2
Self-Control and Hyperbolic Discounting 自我控制和双曲贴现
Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1017/9781108329170.005
Arif Ahmed
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引用次数: 14
Rational Plans 合理的计划
Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1017/9781108329170.004
P. Weirich
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引用次数: 1
Self-Prediction and Self-Control 自我预测与自我控制
Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1017/9781108329170.003
M. Peterson, P. Vallentyne
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引用次数: 1
Exercising Self-Control 锻炼自我控制
Pub Date : 2018-12-06 DOI: 10.1017/9781108329170.010
A. Mele
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Self-Control, Decision Theory, and Rationality
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