OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how the COVID-19 lockdown influenced patients receiving orthodontic therapy. METHODOLOGY: An Ambispective study was done by collecting the data from July to August 2022. An investigative questionnaire containing 17 questions wascirculated to 325 respondents/patients. The data wascollected using a convenience sampling technique. Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances aged 18 to 40 years were included in the study. Both male and female respondents who participated in the survey varied in terms of their ages, i.e., between 18 to 40 years. Version 24 of a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) has been used for data analysis. RESULTS: According to the study's findings, the lockdown's impact on patients undergoing orthodontic treatments was significant. For instance, anxiety & psychological distress were created during the lockdown because of concerns regarding the closure of hospitals and delayed visits to orthodontists or problems in getting appointments. Because of this, patients feared prolonged treatment durations and orthodontic emergencies,including discomfort, wires pinching them, ruptured skin, damaged brackets, ligature ties and bondable buccal tubes, etc. CONCLUSION: Due to covid-19 lockdown, patients found difficulty in their regular appointments or monthly checkups as the hospitals were closed. Patients also experienced mental distress, making it imperative to comprehend the psychology of individuals experiencing orthodontic care. KEYWORDS: COVID-19 lockdown, Orthodontic treatment, Psychological distress, Treatment needs, Pandemic, Emergencies
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Patients Undergoing Orthodontic Treatment: A Survey Based Study","authors":"Pirah Haque, Sadia Rizwan, Imtiaz Ahmed, Taskeen Khan, Hiba Tabassum, Sarfaraz Hussain","doi":"10.22442/jlumhs.2023.01013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22442/jlumhs.2023.01013","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how the COVID-19 lockdown influenced patients receiving orthodontic therapy. METHODOLOGY: An Ambispective study was done by collecting the data from July to August 2022. An investigative questionnaire containing 17 questions wascirculated to 325 respondents/patients. The data wascollected using a convenience sampling technique. Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances aged 18 to 40 years were included in the study. Both male and female respondents who participated in the survey varied in terms of their ages, i.e., between 18 to 40 years. Version 24 of a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) has been used for data analysis. RESULTS: According to the study's findings, the lockdown's impact on patients undergoing orthodontic treatments was significant. For instance, anxiety & psychological distress were created during the lockdown because of concerns regarding the closure of hospitals and delayed visits to orthodontists or problems in getting appointments. Because of this, patients feared prolonged treatment durations and orthodontic emergencies,including discomfort, wires pinching them, ruptured skin, damaged brackets, ligature ties and bondable buccal tubes, etc. CONCLUSION: Due to covid-19 lockdown, patients found difficulty in their regular appointments or monthly checkups as the hospitals were closed. Patients also experienced mental distress, making it imperative to comprehend the psychology of individuals experiencing orthodontic care. KEYWORDS: COVID-19 lockdown, Orthodontic treatment, Psychological distress, Treatment needs, Pandemic, Emergencies","PeriodicalId":43685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136344074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.22442/jlumhs.2023.01073
Rano Mal Piryani, Suneel Piryani
COPD is an acronym used for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Globally, it is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. It is among the significant causes of death in the developing countries of the world too. A major established causal risk factor for COPD is tobacco smoking.
{"title":"COPD in Non-Smokers in South Asia: An Under Estimated and Unrecognized Condition","authors":"Rano Mal Piryani, Suneel Piryani","doi":"10.22442/jlumhs.2023.01073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22442/jlumhs.2023.01073","url":null,"abstract":"COPD is an acronym used for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Globally, it is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. It is among the significant causes of death in the developing countries of the world too. A major established causal risk factor for COPD is tobacco smoking.","PeriodicalId":43685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135031898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OBJECTIVE: To determine the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients with Cirrhosis of the liver using a short form of liver disease quality of life (SF-LDQOL) instrument, also to correlate HRQOL scores with relevant factors. METHODOLOGY: This is a prospective, cross-sectional study carried out in the medical department of Civil Hospital Karachi from May 2021 to April 2022. One hundred ninety-seven confirmed cases of Cirrhosis from either gender over 18 years of age without malignancy, HIV infection, or Psychiatric/Neurological diseases were enrolled using convenient sampling. The SF-LDQOL instrument assessed HRQOL, summarizing overall disease-targeted HRQOL (0 to 100), where a higher score shows good HRQOL or otherwise. HRQOL was correlated with various sociodemographic factors and the severity of liver cirrhosis. RESULTS: Using SPSS version 23, the SF-LDQOL score was 44±7.3. The severity of liver cirrhosis by (Child Turcotte Pugh) CTP-A correlated weakly (-0.1294), while CTP B and CTP C strongly correlated with SF-LDQOL scores (-0.9894 and -0.9912), respectively. The p-value for CTP A (0.705) is insignificant; however, for CTP B and C (p < 0.00001 & p < 0.00001) is significant. Demographically, the age and income status correlated strongly to SF-LDQOL scores, displaying considerable p-values (p <0.00001 and p < 0.00001). CONCLUSION: Most patients had compromised HRQOL as assessed by well-validated and more disease-specific tool SF-LDQOL score. HRQOL correlated positively with the severity of Cirrhosis by applying CTP and Model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) scoring. Sociodemographic parameters of age and income status also correlated well with HRQOL. KEYWORDS: Cirrhosis of the liver, Child Turcotte Pugh, Model of end-stage liver disease, Health-related quality of life.
{"title":"Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: Its Determination and Correlation with Relevant Factors","authors":"Iftikhar Haider Naqvi, Muhamad Salman, Sadia Siddiqui","doi":"10.22442/jlumhs.2023.01031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22442/jlumhs.2023.01031","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among patients with Cirrhosis of the liver using a short form of liver disease quality of life (SF-LDQOL) instrument, also to correlate HRQOL scores with relevant factors. METHODOLOGY: This is a prospective, cross-sectional study carried out in the medical department of Civil Hospital Karachi from May 2021 to April 2022. One hundred ninety-seven confirmed cases of Cirrhosis from either gender over 18 years of age without malignancy, HIV infection, or Psychiatric/Neurological diseases were enrolled using convenient sampling. The SF-LDQOL instrument assessed HRQOL, summarizing overall disease-targeted HRQOL (0 to 100), where a higher score shows good HRQOL or otherwise. HRQOL was correlated with various sociodemographic factors and the severity of liver cirrhosis. RESULTS: Using SPSS version 23, the SF-LDQOL score was 44±7.3. The severity of liver cirrhosis by (Child Turcotte Pugh) CTP-A correlated weakly (-0.1294), while CTP B and CTP C strongly correlated with SF-LDQOL scores (-0.9894 and -0.9912), respectively. The p-value for CTP A (0.705) is insignificant; however, for CTP B and C (p < 0.00001 & p < 0.00001) is significant. Demographically, the age and income status correlated strongly to SF-LDQOL scores, displaying considerable p-values (p <0.00001 and p < 0.00001). CONCLUSION: Most patients had compromised HRQOL as assessed by well-validated and more disease-specific tool SF-LDQOL score. HRQOL correlated positively with the severity of Cirrhosis by applying CTP and Model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) scoring. Sociodemographic parameters of age and income status also correlated well with HRQOL. KEYWORDS: Cirrhosis of the liver, Child Turcotte Pugh, Model of end-stage liver disease, Health-related quality of life.","PeriodicalId":43685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135202434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.22442/jlumhs.2023.01025
Maria Ali Soomro
OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and severity of depression and anxiety, social support and demographic characteristics that could be associated with their disease. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study with TD-BTM patients conducted from four different thalassemia centres (Kashif Iqbal, HELP, Saylani, and Omair Sana Foundation) located in Karachi from December 2018 to May 2019, 197 young (8-18 years) males and 203 (50.8%) young females requiring at least one unit of packed red cells in a month were included with the convenient sampling technique. We used psychometrically standardized tests. RESULTS: Eleven percent of patients suffered severe depression, and a majority (44.2%) had high anxiety. Male patients, patients with comorbid conditions, and patients not satisfied with their treatment had significantly (p < .05) more significant depression; and male patients, patients with no schooling and patients not satisfied with their treatment had significantly (p < .05) greater anxiety. Patients who were schooled belonged to lower socioeconomic status and were not satisfied with their treatment had significantly (p < .05) more significant support from family. Patients who were schooled and had no comorbid conditions were significantly (p < .05) supported by friends. Finally, patients with comorbid conditions were significantly (p < .05) supported by others. CONCLUSION: In TD-BTM patients we sampled, most suffered from anxiety and less so with depression. Most patients had strong family support, followed by friends and others. Assessment of depression, anxiety and social support are discussed in the context of psychotherapeutic interventions, which could attenuate full-blown mental disorders in these patients. KEYWORDS: Anxiety, beta thalassemia major, B.M.T, depression, social support, school going, TDBTM, transfusion dependent beta thalassemia major
{"title":"Anxiety, Depression, and Perceived Social Support in Patients with Transfusion Dependent Beta Thalassemia Major","authors":"Maria Ali Soomro","doi":"10.22442/jlumhs.2023.01025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22442/jlumhs.2023.01025","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency and severity of depression and anxiety, social support and demographic characteristics that could be associated with their disease. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study with TD-BTM patients conducted from four different thalassemia centres (Kashif Iqbal, HELP, Saylani, and Omair Sana Foundation) located in Karachi from December 2018 to May 2019, 197 young (8-18 years) males and 203 (50.8%) young females requiring at least one unit of packed red cells in a month were included with the convenient sampling technique. We used psychometrically standardized tests. RESULTS: Eleven percent of patients suffered severe depression, and a majority (44.2%) had high anxiety. Male patients, patients with comorbid conditions, and patients not satisfied with their treatment had significantly (p < .05) more significant depression; and male patients, patients with no schooling and patients not satisfied with their treatment had significantly (p < .05) greater anxiety. Patients who were schooled belonged to lower socioeconomic status and were not satisfied with their treatment had significantly (p < .05) more significant support from family. Patients who were schooled and had no comorbid conditions were significantly (p < .05) supported by friends. Finally, patients with comorbid conditions were significantly (p < .05) supported by others. CONCLUSION: In TD-BTM patients we sampled, most suffered from anxiety and less so with depression. Most patients had strong family support, followed by friends and others. Assessment of depression, anxiety and social support are discussed in the context of psychotherapeutic interventions, which could attenuate full-blown mental disorders in these patients. KEYWORDS: Anxiety, beta thalassemia major, B.M.T, depression, social support, school going, TDBTM, transfusion dependent beta thalassemia major","PeriodicalId":43685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135363483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.22442/jlumhs.201920666
{"title":"Early or Delayed Reversal of Temporary Ileostomy after Typhoid Perforation: A Comparative Study at Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"","doi":"10.22442/jlumhs.201920666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22442/jlumhs.201920666","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76631338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.22442/jlumhs.201920671
{"title":"Detection of Amino Acid Mutations in Dihydrofolate Reductase & Dihydro Pteroate Synthase Gene in Plasmodium Vivax Isolates","authors":"","doi":"10.22442/jlumhs.201920671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22442/jlumhs.201920671","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79162371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.22442/jlumhs.201920674
{"title":"Are we Clean Enough? A Cross Sectional Study Conducted among General Dental Practitioners and Consultants of Karachi","authors":"","doi":"10.22442/jlumhs.201920674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22442/jlumhs.201920674","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76364023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.22442/jlumhs.201920668
{"title":"Impact of Followup Visits on the Integrated Management of Childhood and Neonatal Illness Strategy Implementation in the Health Facilities of District Jamshoro","authors":"","doi":"10.22442/jlumhs.201920668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22442/jlumhs.201920668","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90422251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.22442/jlumhs.201920670
{"title":"Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on the Sense of Hearing of Adult Population of Hyderabad","authors":"","doi":"10.22442/jlumhs.201920670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22442/jlumhs.201920670","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74070192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.22442/jlumhs.201920676
{"title":"Jejunal Polyps that Lead to Small Bowel Intussusception in Adults: A Rare Case Report","authors":"","doi":"10.22442/jlumhs.201920676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22442/jlumhs.201920676","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43685,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75746290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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