Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0009
M. Peskin
This chapter describes the parton model of the inelastic scattering of electrons from protons, tests of this model, and the use of this model to understand the internal structure of the proton.
本章描述了质子非弹性散射电子的部分子模型，对该模型的检验，以及利用该模型来理解质子的内部结构。
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Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0015
M. Peskin
This chapter discusses the representation of the weak interaction as a current-current interaction that violates parity and charge conjugation invariance. It describes the experiments that demonstrate that this violation is maximal. The resulting theory is called the V-A theory of the weak interaction. The chapter works out the predictions of the V-A theory for muon and pion decay and high-energy neutrino scattering and shows the comparison to experiment.
{"title":"The Current-Current Model of the Weak Interaction","authors":"M. Peskin","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the representation of the weak interaction as a current-current interaction that violates parity and charge conjugation invariance. It describes the experiments that demonstrate that this violation is maximal. The resulting theory is called the V-A theory of the weak interaction. The chapter works out the predictions of the V-A theory for muon and pion decay and high-energy neutrino scattering and shows the comparison to experiment.","PeriodicalId":438621,"journal":{"name":"Concepts of Elementary Particle Physics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123507225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0019
M. Peskin
This chapter describes particle reactions that violate CP and T symmetry, the decay of the neutral K meson and the neutral B meson. It presents the Kobayashi-Maskawa model that explains how the Standard Model can provide a theory of CP and T violation and describes experimental tests of that model.
{"title":"CP Violation","authors":"M. Peskin","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0019","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes particle reactions that violate CP and T symmetry, the decay of the neutral K meson and the neutral B meson. It presents the Kobayashi-Maskawa model that explains how the Standard Model can provide a theory of CP and T violation and describes experimental tests of that model.","PeriodicalId":438621,"journal":{"name":"Concepts of Elementary Particle Physics","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114712339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0017
M. Peskin
This chapter describes the predictions of the gauge theory model of the weak interaction for the production and decay of the W and Z bosons, and the comparison of these predictions to experiment. It describes precision tests of the gauge theory model using electron-positron annihilation to the Z boson.
{"title":"The W and Z Bosons","authors":"M. Peskin","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0017","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes the predictions of the gauge theory model of the weak interaction for the production and decay of the W and Z bosons, and the comparison of these predictions to experiment. It describes precision tests of the gauge theory model using electron-positron annihilation to the Z boson.","PeriodicalId":438621,"journal":{"name":"Concepts of Elementary Particle Physics","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126549352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0004
M. Peskin
This chapter discusses the physics of the hydrogen atom and the electron-positron bound state positronium. It describes the energy levels of these atoms, including the fine structure and hyperfine structure. It discusses the lifetimes of the two species of positronium.
{"title":"The Hydrogen Atom and Positronium","authors":"M. Peskin","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the physics of the hydrogen atom and the electron-positron bound state positronium. It describes the energy levels of these atoms, including the fine structure and hyperfine structure. It discusses the lifetimes of the two species of positronium.","PeriodicalId":438621,"journal":{"name":"Concepts of Elementary Particle Physics","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133642628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0007
M. Peskin
This chapter discusses the calculation of quantities observable in elementary particle reactions — cross sections and partial decay widths. It introduces relativistic phase space. It introduces Feynman diagrams and describes their role in visualizing elementary particle reactions.
{"title":"Tools for Calculation","authors":"M. Peskin","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the calculation of quantities observable in elementary particle reactions — cross sections and partial decay widths. It introduces relativistic phase space. It introduces Feynman diagrams and describes their role in visualizing elementary particle reactions.","PeriodicalId":438621,"journal":{"name":"Concepts of Elementary Particle Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132429574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0020
M. Peskin
This chapter discusses the search for and eventual discovery of the masses of neutrinos. It explains that observability of neutrino mass depends on neutrino flavor mixing. It introduces the PMNS matrix describing neutrino mixing and describes the experimental determination of the parameters of this matrix.
{"title":"Neutrino Masses and Mixings","authors":"M. Peskin","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0020","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses the search for and eventual discovery of the masses of neutrinos. It explains that observability of neutrino mass depends on neutrino flavor mixing. It introduces the PMNS matrix describing neutrino mixing and describes the experimental determination of the parameters of this matrix.","PeriodicalId":438621,"journal":{"name":"Concepts of Elementary Particle Physics","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115673124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0003
M. Peskin
This chapter presents the wave equations that govern the behavior of quantum mechanical particles with spin 0, 1/2, and 1 in relativistic theories. These equations are the Klein-Gordon equation, the Dirac equation, and Maxwell’s equations.
{"title":"Relativistic Wave Equations","authors":"M. Peskin","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents the wave equations that govern the behavior of quantum mechanical particles with spin 0, 1/2, and 1 in relativistic theories. These equations are the Klein-Gordon equation, the Dirac equation, and Maxwell’s equations.","PeriodicalId":438621,"journal":{"name":"Concepts of Elementary Particle Physics","volume":"246 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133463626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0014
M. Peskin
This chapter introduces chiral symmetry, the extra symmetry that QCD acquires when the masses of quarks are set to zero. It introduces the concept of spontaneous symmetry breaking and explains the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry in QCD. It introduces the concept of a Goldstone boson, a particle that has zero mass as the result of spontaneous symmetry breaking, and explains how this concept explains properties of the pi and K mesons and allows us to determine the underlying values of the quark masses.
{"title":"Chiral Symmetry","authors":"M. Peskin","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter introduces chiral symmetry, the extra symmetry that QCD acquires when the masses of quarks are set to zero. It introduces the concept of spontaneous symmetry breaking and explains the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry in QCD. It introduces the concept of a Goldstone boson, a particle that has zero mass as the result of spontaneous symmetry breaking, and explains how this concept explains properties of the pi and K mesons and allows us to determine the underlying values of the quark masses.","PeriodicalId":438621,"journal":{"name":"Concepts of Elementary Particle Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122663906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-29DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0022
M. Peskin
This chapter briefly describes open problems in elementary particle physics that remain for the future.
本章简要描述了基本粒子物理学中有待解决的开放性问题。
{"title":"Epilogue","authors":"M. Peskin","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812180.003.0022","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter briefly describes open problems in elementary particle physics that remain for the future.","PeriodicalId":438621,"journal":{"name":"Concepts of Elementary Particle Physics","volume":"250 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124756459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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