Journal of Criminal Psychology最新文献_第9页

The cognitive interview: comparing face-to-face and video-mediated interviews 认知访谈:比较面对面访谈和视频访谈

IF 1 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Criminal Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-07-26 DOI: 10.1108/jcp-10-2021-0041

Ahmad Shahvaroughi, H. Bahrami ehsan, J. Hatami, Mohammad Ali Shahvaroughi, R. Paulo

PurposeEyewitness testimony can determine the outcome of criminal investigations. The cognitive interview (CI) has been widely used to collect informative and accurate accounts. However, face-to-face interviews have been restricted during the current pandemic, raising the need for using video-conferencing. The authors tested whether virtual interviews could produce elaborate accounts from eyewitnesses and if the CI superiority effect against a structured interview (SI) could be fully replicated online.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a 2 × 2 factorial design with interview condition (CI vs SI) and environment (face-to-face vs virtual) manipulated between-subjects. A total of 88 participants were randomly assigned to one of the four conditions. Participants watched a mock robbery and were interviewed 48 h later using either the SI or the CI. Both interviews contained the same structure and interview phases but only the CI included its key cognitive mnemonics/ instructions. Both sessions were either face-to-face or online.FindingsParticipants interviewed with the CI recalled more information than participants interviewed with the SI, regardless of the interview environment. Both environments produced a comparable amount of recall. Report accuracy was high for all groups.Practical implicationsThis can be crucial to inform police practices and research in this field by suggesting investigative interviews can be conducted virtually in situations such as the current pandemic or when time and resources do not allow for face-to-face interviewing.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study showing that the CI superiority effect can be replicated online and that a fully remote CI can produce elaborate accounts.

目的证人的证词可以决定刑事调查的结果。认知访谈(cognitive interview, CI)被广泛用于收集信息丰富、准确的描述。然而，在当前大流行期间，面对面访谈受到限制，因此需要使用视频会议。作者测试了虚拟访谈是否可以从目击者那里得到详细的描述，以及CI对结构化访谈(SI)的优势效应是否可以在网上完全复制。设计/方法/方法作者采用2 × 2因子设计，访谈条件(CI vs SI)和环境(面对面vs虚拟)在受试者之间进行操纵。共有88名参与者被随机分配到四种情况中的一种。参与者观看了一场模拟抢劫，并在48小时后使用SI或CI进行了采访。两种访谈都包含相同的结构和访谈阶段，但只有CI包含关键的认知助记符/指令。两次会议都是面对面或在线进行的。研究发现，无论访谈环境如何，接受CI访谈的参与者都比接受SI访谈的参与者回忆起更多的信息。两种环境都产生了相当数量的回忆。所有组的报告准确性都很高。实际意义通过建议在当前大流行等情况下或在时间和资源不允许面对面访谈的情况下进行虚拟调查访谈，为这一领域的警察实践和研究提供信息至关重要。原创性/价值据作者所知，这是第一个表明CI优势效应可以在线复制的研究，而且一个完全远程的CI可以产生详细的账户。

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引用次数: 0

Interest in physical danger: does it mediate the relationship between gender and violent offending? 对身体危险的兴趣：它是否调解了性别和暴力犯罪之间的关系？

IF 1 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Criminal Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-07-20 DOI: 10.1108/jcp-01-2022-0003

A. Hoskin, Sarah Liftawi

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that the relationship between gender and violent offending is mediated, in part, by an interest in participating in physically dangerous activities.Design/methodology/approachThis study makes use of self-report data from a sample of college students and other adults that they recruited to participate in this study to test the hypothesis that having an interest in physically dangerous activities mediates, at least in part, the gender–violence association. Two measures of violent offending are examined: total violent offending and the number of different types of violence committed. Relevant control variables are included in multivariate models, and bootstrapping mediation analysis is also conducted.FindingsNet of the effects of controls, an index for interest in physically dangerous activities, significantly predicts both total violence and the number of types of violence committed. Bootstrapping-based mediation analysis produces support for the hypothesis that males have higher rates of interpersonal violence than females, in part, because of a greater desire to engage in physically dangerous activities.Originality/valueThis study is an important step in understanding why males are more likely to engage in interpersonal violence than females.

本研究的目的是检验性别和暴力犯罪之间的关系是由参与身体危险活动的兴趣部分介导的假设。设计/方法/方法本研究使用了来自大学生和其他成年人样本的自我报告数据，他们被招募参加这项研究，以检验对身体危险活动感兴趣至少在一定程度上调解了性别暴力联系的假设。研究了暴力犯罪的两种衡量标准:暴力犯罪总量和所犯不同类型暴力的数量。在多元模型中引入相关控制变量，并进行自举中介分析。控制措施的影响指数是对身体危险活动的兴趣指数，它显著地预测了暴力总量和暴力类型的数量。基于自我引导的调解分析支持这样一个假设，即男性比女性有更高的人际暴力发生率，部分原因是男性更愿意从事身体危险的活动。原创性/价值这项研究是理解为什么男性比女性更容易参与人际暴力的重要一步。

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引用次数: 2

Pilot exploration of low-intensity psychoeducation workbook interventions in a prison setting, adapted for use throughout the COVID-19 pandemic 在监狱环境中试点探索适用于2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的低强度心理教育工作手册干预措施

IF 1 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Criminal Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-06-22 DOI: 10.1108/jcp-02-2022-0006

Lauren Wilson, Rebekah Dervley

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the use of low intensity in-cell workbooks within a psychological therapies service for male prisoners, an intervention adapted for use during the COVID-19 pandemic. It seeks to explore the effectiveness of the intervention in reducing psychological distress, explore individuals’ progression through the service following engagement with the workbooks and, finally, to understand individual’s experiences of the intervention through evaluating feedback provided.Design/methodology/approachCORE-10 scores from 66 male prisoners at a Category C prison were evaluated pre and post completion of an adapted in-cell workbook intervention, to explore the potential effectiveness of the intervention in reducing psychological distress. Qualitative feedback given by participants was also explored to understand individual’s experiences of engaging with the intervention.FindingsEvaluation of 66 male prisoners revealed significant reductions in psychological distress on the CORE-10. Findings demonstrated that over half of men included in the evaluation were “stepped-up” for further interventions as per the stepped-care treatment model. Feedback forms highlighted the value of the therapeutic relationship and a “something versus nothing” approach.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper considers several limitations to the research approach, of which future studies should seek to explore when carrying out similar research.Practical implicationsThe paper includes implications for the use of low intensity self-help interventions in prison psychological services, during a time when the provision of face-to-face interventions was limited due to the COVID-19 pandemic.Originality/valueThe paper explores the use of self-help materials in psychological treatment settings, of which there is very little research on in prisons. In addition, the paper contributes to the body of research on psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic.

本文旨在探索在男性囚犯心理治疗服务中使用低强度牢房内练习册，这是一种适用于COVID-19大流行期间的干预措施。它试图探索干预在减少心理困扰方面的有效性，探索个人在参与工作手册后通过服务的进展，最后，通过评估提供的反馈来了解个人对干预的体验。设计/方法/方法对C类监狱66名男性囚犯的core -10分数进行了评估，评估对象在完成一项改造后的牢房内工作手册干预之前和之后，以探索干预在减少心理困扰方面的潜在有效性。研究还探讨了参与者给出的定性反馈，以了解参与干预的个人体验。对66名男性囚犯的评估显示，CORE-10的心理困扰显著减少。调查结果表明，根据逐步护理治疗模式，评估中超过一半的男性被“加强”进一步干预。反馈表格强调了治疗关系的价值和“有对无”的方法。研究的局限性/启示本文认为研究方法的几个局限性，未来的研究应该在进行类似的研究时寻求探索。实际影响本文包括在COVID-19大流行导致面对面干预措施的提供有限的情况下，在监狱心理服务中使用低强度自助干预措施的影响。本文探讨了自助材料在心理治疗环境中的使用，这方面的研究在监狱中很少。此外，本文还为COVID-19大流行期间的心理健康研究做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Alibi corroboration: an examination of laypersons’ expectations 不在场证明:外行期望的检验

IF 1 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Criminal Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-06-06 DOI: 10.1108/jcp-07-2021-0030

Kelly L. Warren, M. Snow, Heidi V. Abbott

PurposeThe study aims to examine what laypersons expect those corroborating an alibi to remember about an interaction with an alibi provider.Design/methodology/approachParticipants (N = 314) were presented with a mock crime scenario and answered questions about an alibi provider (i.e. the criminal suspect) and alibi corroborators. Participants also completed a lineup task based on the scenario and rated the likelihood of their own ability to corroborate the suspect’s alibi.FindingsOverall, participants believed that it was moderately likely that an alibi corroborator with no prior relationship with the suspect would be able to vouch for the suspect, provide a description and to remember his general physical characteristics. Those who were inaccurate in their lineup decision demonstrated lower expectations of their own ability to corroborate the suspect’s alibi relative to those who were accurate in their decision.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first known study to assess what those judging an alibi expect when making a decision about the outcome of a case. Results demonstrate that laypeople have arguably unrealistic expectations of alibi corroborators, potentially jeopardizing innocent people’s ability to prove their innocence.

目的本研究旨在检验那些证实不在场证明的人对与不在场证明提供者互动的记忆。设计/方法/方法向参与者（N=314）展示了一个模拟犯罪场景，并回答了关于不在场证明提供者（即犯罪嫌疑人）和不在场证明确证的问题。参与者还根据场景完成了一项排队任务，并对自己证实嫌疑人不在场证明的可能性进行了评级。调查结果总体而言，参与者认为，与嫌疑人没有先前关系的不在场证明人能够为嫌疑人提供担保、提供描述并记住其一般身体特征的可能性不大。与那些决策准确的人相比，那些在阵容决策中不准确的人对自己证实嫌疑人不在场证明的能力的期望较低。原创性/价值据作者所知，这是第一项已知的研究，旨在评估那些判断不在场证明的人在对案件结果做出决定时的预期。结果表明，外行人对不在场证明有着不切实际的期望，这可能会危及无辜者证明自己清白的能力。

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引用次数: 1

The International Handbook of Threat Assessment, Second Edition: A Book Review 国际威胁评估手册，第二版：书评

IF 1 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Criminal Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.1108/jcp-05-2022-054

C. Allely

引用次数: 0

Perceived personality traits and presumptions of vulnerability to victimization in women 感知到的个性特征和对女性易受害性的假设

IF 1 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Criminal Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-05-05 DOI: 10.1108/jcp-04-2021-0011

Jayme Stewart, A. Smodis, A. Forth

PurposeIn women, having a history of sexual victimization has been linked to certain personality traits (e.g. low levels of assertiveness) and nonverbal behaviors (e.g. fewer head movements). The majority of research in this area, however, has considered how self-reported personality traits and gait relate to victimization. As such, the present study aims to examine how observers’ perceptions of personality impact judgments of targets’ vulnerability to sexual and violent victimization, and how the nonverbal behaviors used when making these judgments may vary depending on perceived personality traits.Design/methodology/approachA total of 309 participants watched eight audio-less videos of a woman speaking. Following each video, participants rated each woman on varying personality and emotionality traits, as well as their perception of how vulnerable the woman was to future victimization, and how they came to their decision according to a number of predetermined nonverbal cues.FindingsConsistent with previous research, observers’ perceptions of sexual vulnerability were negatively related to perceptions of targets’ self-esteem and confidence, and positively related to anxiety. While violent vulnerability displayed a similar pattern of results, the nonverbal behaviors cited during the vulnerability appraisal process varied between personality traits. Though few results emerged within the latter query, anxiety exhibited the majority of all significant relationships, including being positively associated with facial expressions and upper and lower body movements.Originality/valueResults suggest that different behavioral and personality interventions (e.g. increasing self-esteem) may serve to increase self-efficacy, autonomy and confidence, as well as help women feel more in control of their destiny and interpersonal communications.

在女性中，有过性侵史与某些人格特征(如缺乏自信)和非语言行为(如头部运动较少)有关。然而，这一领域的大多数研究都考虑了自我报告的人格特征和步态与受害行为的关系。因此，本研究旨在探讨观察者对人格的感知如何影响对目标的性侵害和暴力侵害脆弱性的判断，以及在做出这些判断时所使用的非语言行为如何随感知到的人格特征而变化。设计/方法/方法总共有309名参与者观看了8段女性讲话的无音频视频。看完每个视频后，参与者根据不同的性格和情绪特征，以及他们对女性未来受害的脆弱程度的感知，以及他们如何根据一些预先确定的非语言线索做出决定，对每个女性进行打分。研究结果与先前的研究一致，观察者对性脆弱性的感知与目标的自尊和自信的感知呈负相关，与焦虑呈正相关。虽然暴力脆弱表现出类似的结果模式，但在脆弱性评估过程中引用的非语言行为因人格特质而异。尽管后一个问题的结果很少，但焦虑表现出了大多数重要的关系，包括与面部表情和上半身和下半身的运动呈正相关。原创性/价值研究结果表明，不同的行为和人格干预(例如提高自尊)可能有助于提高自我效能感、自主性和自信心，并帮助女性更好地控制自己的命运和人际交往。

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引用次数: 2

Barriers and gaps within services which affect Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic access to community Forensic CAMHS 影响黑人、亚裔和少数族裔获得社区法医CAMHS服务的服务障碍和差距

IF 1 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Criminal Psychology

Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1108/jcp-02-2021-0004

Bethany Holt

Purpose

This paper aims to determine any barriers and gaps within one community Forensic Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (FCAMHS) provision for young people presenting with risk of harm to others or involvement with the youth justice system, from Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) backgrounds.

Design/methodology/approach

This study presents a systematic review of literature into the barriers and gaps within community FCAMHS, which showed little research in the area. Because of this, referral numbers for five major cities within the Yorkshire and Humber community FCAMHS region were compared to population statistics and youth justice caution and sentencing data.

Findings

Comparison suggests that BAME young people are under-represented across referrals to community FCAMHS. Also, there were differences in the representation of BAME young people when compared to youth justice data across the five major cities.

Research limitations/implications

The lack of literature, combined with disparities in proportional representation of BAME young people within the Yorkshire and Humber FCAMHS, shows the need for a detailed study and analysis within national community FCAMHS.

Practical implications

More needs to be done within community FCAMHS to ensure that services are meeting the needs of young people at risk of criminalisation.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, there is currently no published literature that explores ethnic representation and access to community-based FCAMH services. Exploration within one regional service suggests that young people from BAME backgrounds may be under-represented within such services, whilst at the same time being over-represented within formal criminal justice.

目的:本文旨在确定一个社区法医儿童和青少年心理健康服务(FCAMHS)为来自黑人、亚洲人和少数民族(BAME)背景的有伤害他人风险或参与青年司法系统的年轻人提供的任何障碍和差距。设计/方法/方法本研究对社区FCAMHS的障碍和差距进行了系统的文献回顾，这些文献在该领域的研究很少。正因为如此，在约克郡和亨伯社区FCAMHS区域内的五个主要城市的转诊数字与人口统计和青少年司法谨慎和量刑数据进行了比较。研究结果比较表明，BAME年轻人在转介到社区FCAMHS时代表性不足。此外，与五个主要城市的青年司法数据相比，BAME年轻人的代表性存在差异。由于文献的缺乏，再加上约克郡和亨伯FCAMHS中BAME年轻人比例代表的差异，表明需要在全国社区FCAMHS中进行详细的研究和分析。实际影响社区家庭与家庭健康服务需要做更多的工作，以确保服务能够满足有犯罪风险的年轻人的需求。原创性/价值据作者所知，目前还没有发表的文献探讨种族代表性和获得基于社区的FCAMH服务。在一个区域服务机构内进行的调查表明，来自种族歧视背景的年轻人在这些服务机构中的代表性可能不足，而在正式刑事司法机构中的代表性却过高。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring female involvement in acts of terrorism and mass shootings: a systematic review 探索女性参与恐怖主义和大规模枪击事件:系统回顾

IF 1 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Criminal Psychology

Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.1108/jcp-05-2021-0017

Danielle Nicholson, C. Allely

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the current literature which assesses the incidence of completed or attempted mass shooting events in which a female party acted either alone or as an accomplice; explore the involvement of women in the planning or execution of acts of terrorism; evaluate the pathology of women involved in these acts of extreme violence; highlight any gender-specific pathological and environmental risk factors associated with the planning or completion of the mass shooting, spree killing or terrorist attack events.Design/methodology/approachUsing the 27-item preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines (Moher et al., 2009), the present systematic review explored peer-reviewed literature published between 1908 and September 2020 using six databases [SalfordUniversityJournals@Ovid; Journals@Ovid Full Text; APA PsycArticles Full Text; APA PsycExtra; APA PsycInfo; Ovid MEDLINE(R)], in addition to conducting a grey literature search on “Google Scholar” using specific search terms, predetermined following use of the patient/population, intervention, comparison framework.FindingsFindings of the review did identify several distinguishing characteristics exclusive to women allied to terror organisations; including lower levels of extremism and religious ideology, lower age of radicalisation, higher levels of education than currently hypothesized and the significance of relational affiliation with extremist causes. Despite the synthesis of descriptive characterises being achieved, data relating to female mass shooters was scant and relied upon case study review and discussion. As a result, identification of precipitating psychopathological and environmental triggers was difficult, however, there does appear to be a higher proportion of female mass shooters targeting current or previous places of employment.Research limitations/implicationsOne of the potential limitations of this review is that some relevant studies were not identified during the search. The risk of this was minimised as much as possible by screening the reference section of relevant reviews and theoretical papers (which were identified in the search of the databases) for any potentially relevant studies that may have been missed. In addition, numerous permutations of the search criteria that were entered into the databases were also entered into “GoogleScholar”.Practical implicationsCurrent literature has highlighted that the age of radicalisation among women across both jihadi-inspired, right-wing and far-left extremist organisations are decreasing, with many new recruits being born after 1990 (Jacques and Taylor, 2012). This finding aids in identifying a target of entry to minimise the chance of radicalisation, through targeted educational training and anti-radicalisation programmes intervening in at risk groups at the correct time. However, further exploration will be necessary to identify specific risk fac

目的本研究的目的是探索目前评估已完成或未遂大规模枪击事件发生率的文献，在这些事件中，女性一方单独或作为共犯；探讨妇女参与策划或实施恐怖主义行为的问题；评估参与这些极端暴力行为的妇女的病理状况；强调与策划或完成大规模枪击、疯狂杀戮或恐怖袭击事件相关的任何特定性别的病理和环境风险因素。设计/方法/方法本系统综述使用系统综述和荟萃分析指南的27个首选报告项目（Moher et al.，2009），使用六个数据库探讨了1908年至2020年9月发表的同行评审文献[SalfordUniversityJournals@Ovid；Journals@Ovid全文；APA PsycArticles全文；APA PsycExtra；APA PsycInfo；Ovid MEDLINE（R）]，除了使用特定搜索词在“谷歌学者”上进行灰色文献搜索外，还预先确定了患者/人群的使用、干预和比较框架。审查结果确实确定了与恐怖组织结盟的女性独有的几个显著特征；包括较低的极端主义和宗教意识形态水平，较低的激进化年龄，比目前假设的更高的教育水平，以及与极端主义原因的关系关系的重要性。尽管已经实现了描述性特征的综合，但与女性大规模枪击者有关的数据很少，而且依赖于案例研究审查和讨论。因此，很难确定引发心理病理和环境问题的诱因，然而，针对当前或以前工作场所的女性大规模枪击案凶手的比例似乎更高。研究局限性/含义本综述的潜在局限性之一是，在搜索过程中没有确定一些相关研究。通过筛选相关综述和理论论文（在数据库搜索中确定）的参考部分，找出可能遗漏的任何潜在相关研究，尽可能将这种风险降至最低。此外，输入数据库的许多搜索标准的排列也被输入了“谷歌学者”。实际含义当前的文献强调，受圣战启发的右翼和极左翼极端组织中女性的激进化年龄正在下降，许多新兵都出生在1990年之后（Jacques和Taylor，2012）。这一发现有助于确定进入目标，通过有针对性的教育培训和反激进化计划，在正确的时间干预高危群体，最大限度地减少激进化的机会。然而，在这些群体激进化之前，有必要进行进一步的探索，以确定具体的风险因素。原创性/价值在定量评估这一人群中精神病理学变量发生率的文献中似乎存在很大差距。当镜头进一步缩小到女性大规模枪击者身上时，即使是特征变量的实证文献也继续回避学术范围。可以说，这种对当前对女性实施暴力的理解的阻碍，无论是在有组织的恐怖活动中还是在大规模枪击事件中，都限制了有意义地评估先前评估大规模枪击事件风险的模型是否在性别之间有效的能力。

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引用次数: 2

The role of criminal expertise in serial sexual offending: a comparison to “novices” 犯罪专家在连环性犯罪中的作用:与“新手”的比较

IF 1 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Criminal Psychology

Pub Date : 2021-10-25 DOI: 10.1108/jcp-07-2021-0032

Kylie S. Reale, Eric Beauregard, J. Chopin

PurposeSerial offenders have been described as more forensically aware, better able to control their victim, and ultimately, more adept at eluding detection. Despite these assertions, there is a lack of research examining differences in “criminal expertise” (i.e. offense-related skills and competencies) between serial and non-serial offenders. The purpose of the current study is to address this empirical research gap.Design/methodology/approachThe current study uses binary logistic regression to examine a sample of 83 serial offenses and 322 offenses involving “novices” (i.e. offenders without a previous criminal history) to determine whether criminal expertise is a distinctive feature of the crime-commission process of serial offenders, compared to novices.FindingsBinary logistic regression findings indicated that offenders who did not verbally reassure their victim, who brought a weapon to the offense and who selected a victim who was walking were more likely to be serial. Taken together, these behaviors do not suggest that serial offenders are “experts” at avoiding detection, but rather, indicate some general offense competencies and skills related to violent offending.Originality/valueThe current study offers the first direct application of the criminal expertise framework to serial sexual offending. The findings offer new insights for the treatment and management of offenders who possess offense-related competencies and skills, which can offer a complementary view to more deficit-based models.

目的连环罪犯被描述为更具法律意识，更能控制受害者，最终更善于逃避侦查。尽管有这些断言，但缺乏研究连环罪犯和非连环罪犯在“犯罪专业知识”（即与犯罪相关的技能和能力）方面的差异。本研究的目的是解决这一实证研究空白。设计/方法/方法当前的研究使用二元逻辑回归来检验83起连环犯罪和322起涉及“新手”（即没有前科的罪犯）的犯罪样本，以确定与新手相比，刑事专业知识是否是连环罪犯犯罪过程的一个显著特征。二元逻辑回归结果表明，没有口头安抚受害者、携带武器犯罪以及选择步行受害者的罪犯更有可能是连环犯。总之，这些行为并不表明连续犯罪者是逃避侦查的“专家”，而是表明了一些与暴力犯罪有关的一般犯罪能力和技能。独创性/价值当前的研究首次将刑事专业知识框架直接应用于连续性犯罪。这些发现为具有犯罪相关能力和技能的罪犯的治疗和管理提供了新的见解，可以为更多基于赤字的模型提供补充。

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引用次数: 2

Federal sex offender registration and notification act (SORNA) offenders: sexual versatility, criminal careers and supervision outcomes 联邦性犯罪者登记和通知法(SORNA)犯罪者:性多样性、犯罪生涯和监管结果

IF 1 Q2 Social Sciences

Journal of Criminal Psychology

Pub Date : 2021-10-04 DOI: 10.1108/jcp-07-2021-0033

Alan J. Drury, M. Delisi, Michael J. Elbert

PurposeSex offender registration and notification act (SORNA) offenders are a source of scholarly study across the social, behavioral, forensic and legal sciences with the bulk of literature focusing on the legal standing and deterrent value of sexual offender registries. Less research focuses on the offending careers of current SORNA offenders relative to other types of sexual offenders whose current offense is not SORNA. The purpose of the current study is to examine this issue empirically.Design/methodology/approachUsing cross-sectional data from a census of male federal offenders who ever perpetrated a sexual offense from the central USA between 2016 and 2020, the current study used t-tests, logistic regression and negative binomial regression to compare current SORNA offenders to other federal correctional clients in terms of their lifetime offending history, sexual violence and compliance on federal supervision.FindingsCurrent SORNA offenders are significantly more severe and versatile in their sexual offending, have more extensive criminal careers and criminal justice system involvement, and exhibit significantly increased odds of revocation on supervised release despite controls for age, race and ethnicity. However, sensitivity models that specified the federal Post-Conviction Risk Assessment reduced the effects of SORNA status to non-significance in all models.Originality/valueSORNA offenders are potentially a significant offender group with evidence of both and given their versatile and specialized lifetime offending and noncompliance on federal supervision. However, current SORNA status is rendered spurious once a risk assessment is controlled suggesting more research is needed to evaluate whether sex offender registries posit greater crime control benefit.

目的性罪犯登记和通知法（SORNA）罪犯是社会、行为、法医和法律科学的学术研究来源，大部分文献集中在性罪犯登记的法律地位和威慑价值上。较少的研究关注当前SORNA罪犯相对于其他类型的性罪犯的犯罪生涯，这些性罪犯的当前罪行不是SORNA。本研究的目的是对这一问题进行实证研究。设计/方法/方法使用2016年至2020年间美国中部曾实施性犯罪的男性联邦罪犯人口普查的横断面数据，本研究使用t检验、逻辑回归和负二项回归，将当前SORNA罪犯与其他联邦惩教客户的终身犯罪史进行比较，性暴力和遵守联邦监督。发现目前的SORNA罪犯在性犯罪方面更加严重和多才多艺，有着更广泛的犯罪生涯和刑事司法系统的参与，尽管对年龄、种族和民族进行了控制，但在监督释放时被撤销的几率显著增加。然而，指定联邦定罪后风险评估的敏感性模型将SORNA状态的影响在所有模型中降低为不显著。独创性/价值SORNA罪犯可能是一个重要的罪犯群体，有证据表明这两种情况，并且考虑到他们一生的犯罪和不遵守联邦监管的行为都是多方面的、专门的。然而，一旦风险评估得到控制，目前的SORNA状态就会变得虚假，这表明需要更多的研究来评估性犯罪登记处是否能带来更大的犯罪控制效益。

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引用次数: 1