Pub Date : 2013-04-17DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2013.6566258
A. Cristóbal-Salas, Jed Kao-Tung Chang
This paper presents a software simulator to be used as a part of a didactic strategy based on project-based learning where students better understand technical details associated to self-organizing wireless devices. This simulator is implemented as a multi-agent, web-based system where each device is an autonomous agent that can be controlled by students via configuration. System simulates two types of wireless devices: self-organizing and clients. By using this simulator, students may detect, analyze and discuss the advantages of such devices while they can use it as a tool to implement new strategies for wireless device organization.
{"title":"A web-based simulator to train students in self-organizing wireless networks","authors":"A. Cristóbal-Salas, Jed Kao-Tung Chang","doi":"10.1109/WTS.2013.6566258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WTS.2013.6566258","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a software simulator to be used as a part of a didactic strategy based on project-based learning where students better understand technical details associated to self-organizing wireless devices. This simulator is implemented as a multi-agent, web-based system where each device is an autonomous agent that can be controlled by students via configuration. System simulates two types of wireless devices: self-organizing and clients. By using this simulator, students may detect, analyze and discuss the advantages of such devices while they can use it as a tool to implement new strategies for wireless device organization.","PeriodicalId":441229,"journal":{"name":"2013 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116737905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-17DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2013.6566260
H. Huh
For OFDM systems, link performance heavily depends on frequency-offset estimation. Since symbol timing must be done before other synchronization, perfect timing estimate is a prerequisite for the better frequency estimation. As to timing synchronization, minimum interference power (MIP) algorithm can be a good candidate for a non-data-aided timing recovery. In order to use MIP as a metric for timing synchronization, interference should be a function of timing errors and be easily separated from desired signals. In this paper, we propose a MIP algorithm for symbol timing where the extraction of interference components is implemented by oversampling the band-limited received signals and performing discrete Fourier transform (DFT) for the oversampled sequence.
{"title":"Interference analysis of OFDM signals for blind timing synchronization","authors":"H. Huh","doi":"10.1109/WTS.2013.6566260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WTS.2013.6566260","url":null,"abstract":"For OFDM systems, link performance heavily depends on frequency-offset estimation. Since symbol timing must be done before other synchronization, perfect timing estimate is a prerequisite for the better frequency estimation. As to timing synchronization, minimum interference power (MIP) algorithm can be a good candidate for a non-data-aided timing recovery. In order to use MIP as a metric for timing synchronization, interference should be a function of timing errors and be easily separated from desired signals. In this paper, we propose a MIP algorithm for symbol timing where the extraction of interference components is implemented by oversampling the band-limited received signals and performing discrete Fourier transform (DFT) for the oversampled sequence.","PeriodicalId":441229,"journal":{"name":"2013 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131467191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-17DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2013.6566248
E. R. Bastidas-Puga, G. Galaviz, Á. G. Andrade, D. Covarrubias
The scheduler is the entity within Long Term Evolution wireless systems responsible for the assignment of time and frequency resources to users. In this work we present an analysis to determine the scheduling Service Requests Capacity for Long Term Evolution Advanced systems, defined as the quantity of service requests the scheduler is able to dispatch in a given period of time. This methodology can be used to evaluate scheduling algorithms along with some other metrics widely employed such as system throughput, delay or fairness. Numerical results are presented for the proposed metric including upper and lower bounds considering a specific system with heterogeneous traffic in a non line of sight urban macro cellular scenario. For the case studied, results suggest that the file size has a more significant impact on the service requests capacity than the requested data rate.
{"title":"Analytical estimation of service requests capacity in LTE-A systems with heterogeneous traffic","authors":"E. R. Bastidas-Puga, G. Galaviz, Á. G. Andrade, D. Covarrubias","doi":"10.1109/WTS.2013.6566248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WTS.2013.6566248","url":null,"abstract":"The scheduler is the entity within Long Term Evolution wireless systems responsible for the assignment of time and frequency resources to users. In this work we present an analysis to determine the scheduling Service Requests Capacity for Long Term Evolution Advanced systems, defined as the quantity of service requests the scheduler is able to dispatch in a given period of time. This methodology can be used to evaluate scheduling algorithms along with some other metrics widely employed such as system throughput, delay or fairness. Numerical results are presented for the proposed metric including upper and lower bounds considering a specific system with heterogeneous traffic in a non line of sight urban macro cellular scenario. For the case studied, results suggest that the file size has a more significant impact on the service requests capacity than the requested data rate.","PeriodicalId":441229,"journal":{"name":"2013 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130928036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-17DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2013.6566228
Darryl D. Diptee, Jason Diptee
Each year more organizations shift from costly brick-and-mortar assets to low-cost cyber equivalents which enable geographically spread teamwork via Social Networking Applications (SNAs). While explicit knowledge exchange is densely represented in the literature, there seems to be a lack of sufficient research on the dynamics of tacit knowledge among virtual team members in SNAs. This research paper outlines the results of an international Global Chemical Warfare Team Collaboration (GCWTC) experiment which suggests that tacit knowledge does not flow between people as traditionally prescribed, but is rather only partly inoculated followed by spontaneous self-generation as a factor of trust levels, time exposure and personal communication and comprehension traits. This research triangulates upon a new and exciting theoretical model with which to understand tacit knowledge acquisition. An invitation is extended to utilize the results of this mixed methods study as a foundation to build and test hypotheses for future quantitative research.
{"title":"Tacit knowledge acquisition in virtual teams","authors":"Darryl D. Diptee, Jason Diptee","doi":"10.1109/WTS.2013.6566228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WTS.2013.6566228","url":null,"abstract":"Each year more organizations shift from costly brick-and-mortar assets to low-cost cyber equivalents which enable geographically spread teamwork via Social Networking Applications (SNAs). While explicit knowledge exchange is densely represented in the literature, there seems to be a lack of sufficient research on the dynamics of tacit knowledge among virtual team members in SNAs. This research paper outlines the results of an international Global Chemical Warfare Team Collaboration (GCWTC) experiment which suggests that tacit knowledge does not flow between people as traditionally prescribed, but is rather only partly inoculated followed by spontaneous self-generation as a factor of trust levels, time exposure and personal communication and comprehension traits. This research triangulates upon a new and exciting theoretical model with which to understand tacit knowledge acquisition. An invitation is extended to utilize the results of this mixed methods study as a foundation to build and test hypotheses for future quantitative research.","PeriodicalId":441229,"journal":{"name":"2013 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS)","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127188176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-17DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2013.6566247
Shikhar P. Acharya, I. Guardiola
Radio Frequency devices produce Unintended Electromagnetic Emissions (UEEs). These emissions have been found to be unique from device to device due to small differences in the physical components that make up the device. The property of uniqueness of UEE has been used to detect and identify the device producing the emission. However, UEEs are low power signals often buried within the noise band, which makes them difficult to detect. In this paper, we present a novel approach of the application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in detecting UEEs. UEE samples are collected from two RF devices at three different distances of 3 feet, 6 feet and 10 feet using spectrum analyzer. Our approach can detect if these low power signals are UEEs or noise. A decision table based on PCA parameters to detect UEE signals is also proposed.
{"title":"Detection of RF devices based on their unintended electromagnetic emissions using Principal Components Analysis","authors":"Shikhar P. Acharya, I. Guardiola","doi":"10.1109/WTS.2013.6566247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WTS.2013.6566247","url":null,"abstract":"Radio Frequency devices produce Unintended Electromagnetic Emissions (UEEs). These emissions have been found to be unique from device to device due to small differences in the physical components that make up the device. The property of uniqueness of UEE has been used to detect and identify the device producing the emission. However, UEEs are low power signals often buried within the noise band, which makes them difficult to detect. In this paper, we present a novel approach of the application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in detecting UEEs. UEE samples are collected from two RF devices at three different distances of 3 feet, 6 feet and 10 feet using spectrum analyzer. Our approach can detect if these low power signals are UEEs or noise. A decision table based on PCA parameters to detect UEE signals is also proposed.","PeriodicalId":441229,"journal":{"name":"2013 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130447210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-17DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2013.6566238
F. A. P. Figueiredo, K. Lenzi, J. Filho, F. Figueiredo
This paper presents a high-level functional model for the 3GPP LTE-Advanced channel coding generic procedures. Due to the complexity of modern wireless communication systems, it is fundamental to have a well-defined high-level model to guide low-level implementations, like C/C++ or HDL. Highlevel modeling not only serves the purpose of proving the correctness of a given system, but also to present measures of its optimal performance, since we are not yet restricted by any technology. The LTE-Advanced channel coding is composed by five generic procedures: CRC calculation, code block segmentation and CRC attachment, channel coding, rate matching and code block concatenation. The aggregation of these procedures creates the great majority of the downlink and uplink transport channels. In this paper, we present a very simple way of modeling the channel coding, offering a reference for future LTE channel coding developments.
{"title":"LTE-Advanced channel coding generic procedures A high-level model to guide low-level implementations","authors":"F. A. P. Figueiredo, K. Lenzi, J. Filho, F. Figueiredo","doi":"10.1109/WTS.2013.6566238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WTS.2013.6566238","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a high-level functional model for the 3GPP LTE-Advanced channel coding generic procedures. Due to the complexity of modern wireless communication systems, it is fundamental to have a well-defined high-level model to guide low-level implementations, like C/C++ or HDL. Highlevel modeling not only serves the purpose of proving the correctness of a given system, but also to present measures of its optimal performance, since we are not yet restricted by any technology. The LTE-Advanced channel coding is composed by five generic procedures: CRC calculation, code block segmentation and CRC attachment, channel coding, rate matching and code block concatenation. The aggregation of these procedures creates the great majority of the downlink and uplink transport channels. In this paper, we present a very simple way of modeling the channel coding, offering a reference for future LTE channel coding developments.","PeriodicalId":441229,"journal":{"name":"2013 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS)","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131808631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-17DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2013.6566237
A. Nsour, Alhaj-Saleh Abdallah, M. Zohdy
Several industries are developing innovative devices with integrated Bluetooth technology to enhance user experience. Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK), a special case of Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) schemes, is the modulation scheme chosen for achieving basic data rate of 1Mbps with Bluetooth receivers. In this paper, we apply the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to non-coherently estimate the phase of GFSK modulation scheme in Bluetooth receivers. The paper examines the performance of Extended Kalman filters in the presence of Non-Gaussian impulsive noise with IEEE802.11 coexistence. Both technologies operate in the unlicensed 2.4GHz Industrial Scientific Medical (ISM) Band. Mean Square Error (MSE) was used as a measurement for the performance. Experimental results obtained for Extended Kalman Filter for Non-Gaussian noise are provided.
{"title":"GFSK phase estimation using Extended Kalman filtering for Non-Gaussian noise","authors":"A. Nsour, Alhaj-Saleh Abdallah, M. Zohdy","doi":"10.1109/WTS.2013.6566237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WTS.2013.6566237","url":null,"abstract":"Several industries are developing innovative devices with integrated Bluetooth technology to enhance user experience. Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK), a special case of Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) schemes, is the modulation scheme chosen for achieving basic data rate of 1Mbps with Bluetooth receivers. In this paper, we apply the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to non-coherently estimate the phase of GFSK modulation scheme in Bluetooth receivers. The paper examines the performance of Extended Kalman filters in the presence of Non-Gaussian impulsive noise with IEEE802.11 coexistence. Both technologies operate in the unlicensed 2.4GHz Industrial Scientific Medical (ISM) Band. Mean Square Error (MSE) was used as a measurement for the performance. Experimental results obtained for Extended Kalman Filter for Non-Gaussian noise are provided.","PeriodicalId":441229,"journal":{"name":"2013 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127390807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-17DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2013.6566235
Liangliang Xu, Huihui Wu, Jiguang He, Lin Wang
In this paper, a novel unequal error protection (UEP) scheme, which is constructed from protograph double low-density parity-check (PD-LDPC) codes, and tailored for medical images is proposed to minimize the end to end image distortion over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. The UEP scheme is carried out by adopting different coding strategies in terms of the different significant levels and different entropies of image data streams from discrete cosine transform (DCT). A typical radiography image and other two gray-scale images are exploited in the simulation. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can evidently increase the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) value of the received images and reconstruct the transmitted images with good quality even at a very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In particular, the proposed scheme outperforms the other UEP schemes based on regular D-LDPC codes and turbo codes by up to 0.5 and 2.5 dB in the SNR when the PSNR of the reconstructed images reach the expected upper bound, respectively.
{"title":"Unequal error protection for radiography image transmission using protograph double LDPC codes","authors":"Liangliang Xu, Huihui Wu, Jiguang He, Lin Wang","doi":"10.1109/WTS.2013.6566235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WTS.2013.6566235","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a novel unequal error protection (UEP) scheme, which is constructed from protograph double low-density parity-check (PD-LDPC) codes, and tailored for medical images is proposed to minimize the end to end image distortion over additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. The UEP scheme is carried out by adopting different coding strategies in terms of the different significant levels and different entropies of image data streams from discrete cosine transform (DCT). A typical radiography image and other two gray-scale images are exploited in the simulation. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can evidently increase the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) value of the received images and reconstruct the transmitted images with good quality even at a very low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In particular, the proposed scheme outperforms the other UEP schemes based on regular D-LDPC codes and turbo codes by up to 0.5 and 2.5 dB in the SNR when the PSNR of the reconstructed images reach the expected upper bound, respectively.","PeriodicalId":441229,"journal":{"name":"2013 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS)","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122184830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-17DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2013.6566232
Daoyuan Yao, G. Givens, Jianchu Yao
The purpose of this research is to investigate how wireless telecommunication technologies, more specifically Bluetooth, can be utilized in a tele-audiology assessment system to promote remote hearing diagnosis in the following aspects: supporting multiple hearing test modalities (e.g., pure-tone audiogram and speech test); providing a convenient communication means among three-party (i.e., audiologist, assistant and patient) involved in a typical test session with fairly limited software and hardware resources; and improving its reliability when unexpected scenarios occur during test sessions. This enhanced tele-audiology assessment system is composed of a web server, an integrated console device, and a Bluetooth-enabled audiometer. The console device is the portal to the users, which exchanges numeric commands and responses of various data types between the audiologist and patient, transmits audio and video data among the three parties, and introduces a reliability mechanism. Test results show that this tele-audiology assessment system can satisfy the requirement of clinical diagnostic hearing assessment.
{"title":"Using wireless telecommunication technology to promote tele-audiology","authors":"Daoyuan Yao, G. Givens, Jianchu Yao","doi":"10.1109/WTS.2013.6566232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WTS.2013.6566232","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to investigate how wireless telecommunication technologies, more specifically Bluetooth, can be utilized in a tele-audiology assessment system to promote remote hearing diagnosis in the following aspects: supporting multiple hearing test modalities (e.g., pure-tone audiogram and speech test); providing a convenient communication means among three-party (i.e., audiologist, assistant and patient) involved in a typical test session with fairly limited software and hardware resources; and improving its reliability when unexpected scenarios occur during test sessions. This enhanced tele-audiology assessment system is composed of a web server, an integrated console device, and a Bluetooth-enabled audiometer. The console device is the portal to the users, which exchanges numeric commands and responses of various data types between the audiologist and patient, transmits audio and video data among the three parties, and introduces a reliability mechanism. Test results show that this tele-audiology assessment system can satisfy the requirement of clinical diagnostic hearing assessment.","PeriodicalId":441229,"journal":{"name":"2013 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127578934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-17DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2013.6566231
A. Grover, B. Sangar, Rohit Gupta, Neeti Grover
The main challenges in the design of wireless communication systems are the limited resources, such as constrained transmission power, scarce frequency bandwidth, and limited implementation complexity-and the impairments of the wireless channels, including noise, interference, and fading effects. Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication has been shown to be one of the most promising emerging wireless technologies that can efficiently boost the data transmission rate, improve system coverage, and enhance link reliability. Equalization is a well known technique for combating inter-symbol interference. In this paper, we are considering the equalization; a filtering approach that minimizes the error between actual output and desired output by continuous updating its filter coefficients. Moreover, this article compares the performance of MIMO Systems in Rayleigh and Rician Flat fading channels. We observed that the successive interference methods provide better performance as compare to others, but their complexity is high. Simulation results shows that ML equalizer with BPSK gives better performance as compare to QPSK. Finally we concluded that Sphere decoder provides the best performance.
{"title":"MIMO systems equalization in Flat fading","authors":"A. Grover, B. Sangar, Rohit Gupta, Neeti Grover","doi":"10.1109/WTS.2013.6566231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WTS.2013.6566231","url":null,"abstract":"The main challenges in the design of wireless communication systems are the limited resources, such as constrained transmission power, scarce frequency bandwidth, and limited implementation complexity-and the impairments of the wireless channels, including noise, interference, and fading effects. Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) communication has been shown to be one of the most promising emerging wireless technologies that can efficiently boost the data transmission rate, improve system coverage, and enhance link reliability. Equalization is a well known technique for combating inter-symbol interference. In this paper, we are considering the equalization; a filtering approach that minimizes the error between actual output and desired output by continuous updating its filter coefficients. Moreover, this article compares the performance of MIMO Systems in Rayleigh and Rician Flat fading channels. We observed that the successive interference methods provide better performance as compare to others, but their complexity is high. Simulation results shows that ML equalizer with BPSK gives better performance as compare to QPSK. Finally we concluded that Sphere decoder provides the best performance.","PeriodicalId":441229,"journal":{"name":"2013 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126378568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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