S. Balaji, Gary C. David, K. R. Vishwanath, C. Ranganathan
Increasingly, the adoption of speech recognition technology (SRT ) by various hospitals has posed a threat to the medical transcription profession. As turnover intentions among medical transcriptionists are on the rise, understanding the role of technology in shaping turnover intentions requires attention, and yet is a significant gap in the literature. Drawing upon the theories of stress and turnover intentions, and prior work on professional obsolescence, we propose a new construct called technology-driven obsolescence perceptions in the medical transcription domain. We posit that technology-driven obsolescence perceptions positively impact turnover intentions, and antecedents such as work-family conflict, fairness of rewards, work excellence and job commitment have differential impacts on technology-driven obsolescence perceptions. Results indicate that all the hypotheses in the study are supported. Our study makes important contributions to the obsolescence and turnover intentions literature, and has important implications for research and practice alike.
{"title":"Would Technology Obliterate Medical Transcription?: The Antecedents and Consequences of Technology-driven Obsolescence Perceptions on Turnover Intentions of Medical Transcriptionists","authors":"S. Balaji, Gary C. David, K. R. Vishwanath, C. Ranganathan","doi":"10.1145/3084381.3084414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084381.3084414","url":null,"abstract":"Increasingly, the adoption of speech recognition technology (SRT ) by various hospitals has posed a threat to the medical transcription profession. As turnover intentions among medical transcriptionists are on the rise, understanding the role of technology in shaping turnover intentions requires attention, and yet is a significant gap in the literature. Drawing upon the theories of stress and turnover intentions, and prior work on professional obsolescence, we propose a new construct called technology-driven obsolescence perceptions in the medical transcription domain. We posit that technology-driven obsolescence perceptions positively impact turnover intentions, and antecedents such as work-family conflict, fairness of rewards, work excellence and job commitment have differential impacts on technology-driven obsolescence perceptions. Results indicate that all the hypotheses in the study are supported. Our study makes important contributions to the obsolescence and turnover intentions literature, and has important implications for research and practice alike.","PeriodicalId":441637,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGMIS Conference on Computers and People Research","volume":"326 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133371219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Influence of Research and Development (R&D), as well as regulation on the performance of the industry, is known. However, in a stronger property regime R&D activities become more focused, and innovation-oriented that result in better performance in the organization. Information Technology (IT) industry being the front runner of the knowledge economy is driven by innovation, which in turn reflects on its performance. This quest led us to not only understand the separate influence of R&D and intellectual property rights regulations but also the interaction of both on the performance of IT firms. This paper, in the context of India, investigates the effects of R&D intensity, implementation of WTO-TRIPS agreement and their interaction, on the performance of Information Technology (IT) firms in India. We included some firm-specific controls to reduce their effects on the performance. The performance is measured using Tobin's Q. Firm-level data from Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy Pvt. Ltd (CMIE) Prowess database for the period 2000-2016 are used. An empirical study is conducted using unbalanced time series data and Random-effects GLS regression method with and without controls and interaction. Our results suggest that the IT firm's performance increases with increase in the R&D intensity when interacted with World Trade Organization -- Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (WTO-TRIPS).
{"title":"Influence of R&D and IPR regulations on the performance of IT firms in India: An Empirical Analysis using Tobin's Q Approach","authors":"Senthilkumar Thangavelu, Amalendu Jyotishi","doi":"10.1145/3084381.3084400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084381.3084400","url":null,"abstract":"Influence of Research and Development (R&D), as well as regulation on the performance of the industry, is known. However, in a stronger property regime R&D activities become more focused, and innovation-oriented that result in better performance in the organization. Information Technology (IT) industry being the front runner of the knowledge economy is driven by innovation, which in turn reflects on its performance. This quest led us to not only understand the separate influence of R&D and intellectual property rights regulations but also the interaction of both on the performance of IT firms. This paper, in the context of India, investigates the effects of R&D intensity, implementation of WTO-TRIPS agreement and their interaction, on the performance of Information Technology (IT) firms in India. We included some firm-specific controls to reduce their effects on the performance. The performance is measured using Tobin's Q. Firm-level data from Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy Pvt. Ltd (CMIE) Prowess database for the period 2000-2016 are used. An empirical study is conducted using unbalanced time series data and Random-effects GLS regression method with and without controls and interaction. Our results suggest that the IT firm's performance increases with increase in the R&D intensity when interacted with World Trade Organization -- Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (WTO-TRIPS).","PeriodicalId":441637,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGMIS Conference on Computers and People Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122569869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to an increasing degree of business specialization, business systems nowadays can be very complex. Often, complex systems need to be managed by more than a handful of people from the business unit. To handle the extensive amount of information in a complex business system, the system needs to be supported by an appropriate IT system. However, for the IT unit it can be a challenging task to implement appropriate IT system in complex business environment. In our research, we argue that mutual understanding among business and IT plays a critical role in the successful management of the business system. To achieve a mutual understanding, the complexity needs to be reduced by a modularization of the system. In our empirical study, based on 119 survey results, we found that process modularity only in combination with an IT architecture which matches the modular structure enables a profound mutual understanding. While modular business processes enable mutual understanding of the business strategy, an IT architecture which match the modular process facilitates mutual understanding of the business process.
{"title":"The Impact of Process and IT Modularity for Mutual Understanding among Business and IT","authors":"Christian Jentsch, Andreas Reitz, D. Beimborn","doi":"10.1145/3084381.3084412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084381.3084412","url":null,"abstract":"Due to an increasing degree of business specialization, business systems nowadays can be very complex. Often, complex systems need to be managed by more than a handful of people from the business unit. To handle the extensive amount of information in a complex business system, the system needs to be supported by an appropriate IT system. However, for the IT unit it can be a challenging task to implement appropriate IT system in complex business environment. In our research, we argue that mutual understanding among business and IT plays a critical role in the successful management of the business system. To achieve a mutual understanding, the complexity needs to be reduced by a modularization of the system. In our empirical study, based on 119 survey results, we found that process modularity only in combination with an IT architecture which matches the modular structure enables a profound mutual understanding. While modular business processes enable mutual understanding of the business strategy, an IT architecture which match the modular process facilitates mutual understanding of the business process.","PeriodicalId":441637,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGMIS Conference on Computers and People Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125282556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the credibility of mainstream journalism decreasing each passing day, Community Journalism (CJ), assisted by Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), stands out as a workable and interesting alternative. Using Rowland's Empowerment framework, this paper analyzes what impact CJ has on individual empowerment. The study is based on CGNet-Swara, a CJ project launched for tribal and marginalized communities of India. The study uses case study research design following hermeneutics as the method of data analysis. The study indicates that CJ projects do not strive to provide empowerment to the individuals in all its manifestations. Moreover, although these projects do empower individuals to certain extent, they sometimes also create false consciousness of attaining power.
{"title":"Community Journalism & Empowerment: Do they go hand in hand?","authors":"Neena Pandey","doi":"10.1145/3084381.3084404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084381.3084404","url":null,"abstract":"With the credibility of mainstream journalism decreasing each passing day, Community Journalism (CJ), assisted by Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), stands out as a workable and interesting alternative. Using Rowland's Empowerment framework, this paper analyzes what impact CJ has on individual empowerment. The study is based on CGNet-Swara, a CJ project launched for tribal and marginalized communities of India. The study uses case study research design following hermeneutics as the method of data analysis. The study indicates that CJ projects do not strive to provide empowerment to the individuals in all its manifestations. Moreover, although these projects do empower individuals to certain extent, they sometimes also create false consciousness of attaining power.","PeriodicalId":441637,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGMIS Conference on Computers and People Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127645613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diversity and inclusion are becoming major focus areas for most of the organizations these days. It has shown to bring several positive impacts to organizations such as highly engaged and motivated employees, improved team dynamics, sustainable team structure, and better work outcome. Pay and career opportunity are some of the indicators to assess diversity and inclusion practice. In this paper, we study gender pay gap in freelancing marketplace. Freelancing marketplaces are open to everyone and gender neutral; hence, it is expected that gender pay gap should not be much over these platforms as freelancers can quote or negotiate the price for the jobs as per their wish. However, our study, performed on 37,599 freelancers, reveals a gap in pay between male and female freelancers. Moreover, the study shows that female freelancers undervalue themselves compared to male freelancers having similar profile. Our study suggests that there is a need to address this large scale pay gap issue by guidance and counseling of female freelancers.
{"title":"Analyzing Gender Pay Gap in Freelancing Marketplace","authors":"Alpana Dubey, K. Abhinav, M. Hamilton, A. Kass","doi":"10.1145/3084381.3084402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084381.3084402","url":null,"abstract":"Diversity and inclusion are becoming major focus areas for most of the organizations these days. It has shown to bring several positive impacts to organizations such as highly engaged and motivated employees, improved team dynamics, sustainable team structure, and better work outcome. Pay and career opportunity are some of the indicators to assess diversity and inclusion practice. In this paper, we study gender pay gap in freelancing marketplace. Freelancing marketplaces are open to everyone and gender neutral; hence, it is expected that gender pay gap should not be much over these platforms as freelancers can quote or negotiate the price for the jobs as per their wish. However, our study, performed on 37,599 freelancers, reveals a gap in pay between male and female freelancers. Moreover, the study shows that female freelancers undervalue themselves compared to male freelancers having similar profile. Our study suggests that there is a need to address this large scale pay gap issue by guidance and counseling of female freelancers.","PeriodicalId":441637,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGMIS Conference on Computers and People Research","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127581317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Institutional isomorphism is a concept at the core of institutional theory to explain the homogeneity of organizations in a field. DiMaggio and Powell (1983) developed a framework that presented the different mechanisms, including coercive, mimetic and normative, through which isomorphism occurs. Information systems (IS) have become a critical asset in the industry today, with firms heavily dependent on IS for either their day-to-day operational processes or to gain a strategic edge. This paper proposes that IS drives isomorphism in organizations. The IS impact affecting isomorphism is greater when the dependence of the firm on information technology is greater. McFarlan and McKenney's (1983) IS strategic grid identifies four kinds of IS dependence' strategic, turnaround, operational, and support. We propose a framework to understand the degree of isomorphism (through different mechanisms) that a firm is likely to experience under the influence of IS, based on the firm's position in the strategic grid. There has been studies linking institutional theory and strategic IT, and evidences of importance of such research, but none of the studies develops a framework observing the mechanisms of isomorphism due to IT impact. The paper analyses relevant cases from the industry using a framework that we developed. The framework has practical implications for firms to be prepared for the isomorphic changes they are expected to experience when their IS dependence places them in a particular strategic quadrant.
{"title":"Institutional Isomorphism due to the Influence of Information Systems and Its Strategic Position","authors":"Abhipsa Pal, A. Ojha","doi":"10.1145/3084381.3084395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084381.3084395","url":null,"abstract":"Institutional isomorphism is a concept at the core of institutional theory to explain the homogeneity of organizations in a field. DiMaggio and Powell (1983) developed a framework that presented the different mechanisms, including coercive, mimetic and normative, through which isomorphism occurs. Information systems (IS) have become a critical asset in the industry today, with firms heavily dependent on IS for either their day-to-day operational processes or to gain a strategic edge. This paper proposes that IS drives isomorphism in organizations. The IS impact affecting isomorphism is greater when the dependence of the firm on information technology is greater. McFarlan and McKenney's (1983) IS strategic grid identifies four kinds of IS dependence' strategic, turnaround, operational, and support. We propose a framework to understand the degree of isomorphism (through different mechanisms) that a firm is likely to experience under the influence of IS, based on the firm's position in the strategic grid. There has been studies linking institutional theory and strategic IT, and evidences of importance of such research, but none of the studies develops a framework observing the mechanisms of isomorphism due to IT impact. The paper analyses relevant cases from the industry using a framework that we developed. The framework has practical implications for firms to be prepared for the isomorphic changes they are expected to experience when their IS dependence places them in a particular strategic quadrant.","PeriodicalId":441637,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGMIS Conference on Computers and People Research","volume":"120 1 Suppl 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131787978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study examines the process through which a new organization field is formed around an issue and identifies the mechanism behind that process. Adopting a single case method and discourse analysis tool, it examines the field formation around an issue of Healthcare Information Technology (HIT) in the case of Indian healthcare. Based on the data collected from the secondary sources, the study finds that formation of a field around an issue follows the discursive process and organizational field is the discursive function of issue, power and subjectivity .
{"title":"A Discursive Perspective on the Organizational Field Formation Process: Issues of Information Technology in Indian Healthcare","authors":"Mayank Kumar","doi":"10.1145/3084381.3084411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084381.3084411","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the process through which a new organization field is formed around an issue and identifies the mechanism behind that process. Adopting a single case method and discourse analysis tool, it examines the field formation around an issue of Healthcare Information Technology (HIT) in the case of Indian healthcare. Based on the data collected from the secondary sources, the study finds that formation of a field around an issue follows the discursive process and organizational field is the discursive function of issue, power and subjectivity .","PeriodicalId":441637,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGMIS Conference on Computers and People Research","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134184740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is part of the SIGMIS CPR doctoral consortium, summarizing a dissertation in progress. This dissertation analyzes the social presence construct in three essays from three perspectives: consequences, "competition" aspect, and antecedents.
{"title":"Social Presence in Social Media: Persuasion, Design and Discourse","authors":"S. Parameswaran","doi":"10.1145/3084381.3084428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3084381.3084428","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is part of the SIGMIS CPR doctoral consortium, summarizing a dissertation in progress. This dissertation analyzes the social presence construct in three essays from three perspectives: consequences, \"competition\" aspect, and antecedents.","PeriodicalId":441637,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGMIS Conference on Computers and People Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114772151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Paper Session 2.2: Digital Business and Innovation","authors":"Poonacha K. Medappa","doi":"10.1145/3248720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3248720","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":441637,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGMIS Conference on Computers and People Research","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121172588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Industry Case Session 5.1","authors":"S. Srivastava","doi":"10.1145/3248725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3248725","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":441637,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGMIS Conference on Computers and People Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121285010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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