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HIV in Faith Communities: Utilizing Clergy as opinion leaders to reduce HIV/AIDS stigma 信仰团体中的HIV:利用神职人员作为意见领袖来减少HIV/AIDS的污名
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2019.1580236
S. Grigsby
Abstract HIV/AIDS continues to impact communities of color at disproportionate rates. The Black church remains the most influential institution in the African-American community. This single institution has the power to influence stigma and beliefs needed to change perceptions about persons and families directly impacted by this disease. This research brief utilizes the Theory of Innovation as a framework to describe a training designed to prepare clergy to be the catalyst to influence their congregation and surrounding community about the importance of developing a response to HIV/AIDS. The training described prepared congregational faith leaders with suggestions for developing sermons as well as practical suggestions to help contextualize the reasons that the church is critical in the development of a response to the elimination of HIV in the African-American community.
摘要艾滋病毒/艾滋病继续以不成比例的比率影响有色人种社区。黑人教会仍然是非裔美国人社区中最具影响力的机构。这一单一机构有能力影响污名和信念,以改变人们对直接受这种疾病影响的人和家庭的看法。本研究简报以创新理论为框架,描述了一项培训,旨在让神职人员成为影响其会众和周围社区的催化剂,了解制定应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病措施的重要性。培训描述了准备好的会众信仰领袖,他们提出了发展布道的建议,并提出了切实可行的建议,以帮助了解教会在制定应对非裔美国人社区消除艾滋病毒的措施方面至关重要的原因。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of HIV and syphilis infections among men who have sex with men attending an integrated counseling and testing centre at Agra: Comparison with studies in other regions of India 在阿格拉综合咨询和检测中心与男性发生性关系的男性中艾滋病毒和梅毒感染的流行率:与印度其他地区的研究比较
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-08-03 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2018.1463119
T. Hussain, K. Kulshreshtha, V. Yadav
Abstract Men who have sex with men (MSMs) are a group of high-risk individuals in India, who have remained neglected for a long time. Stigma, discrimination and laws criminalizing sex between men undermine access to HIV/AIDS and other health care services. In this study, we determined the seroprevalence and risk factors for HIV and syphilis infections among a group of MSMs attending an Integrated Counseling & Testing Centre (ICTC) at Agra during 2009–11. The results have been compared with those in other regions of the country. There were 277 MSMs registered with a nongovernmental organization (NGO), Khushi, involved in a Targeted Intervention (TI) project, who were tested for HIV and venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) infections. Sociodemographic profile, risk factors, sexual identity, general health care access, and previous HIV and/or sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, etc., were documented. The prevalence of HIV and syphilis infections among the MSMs are 11.9% (33/277) and 11.1% (31/277), respectively. There were 74% of them in the age group of 15–35 years, illiterate, and having no specific job. Alcohol, drug abuse, and high-risk behavior were common as they preferred to be in groups. There were 70% of HIV-positive MSMs, and 87% of those having sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) were unmarried and had multiple partners. Some of the MSMs were married and in bisexual relationships, and they might serve as an important bridge population between men and women. High prevalence of HIV and STDs in this group emphasizes the need for public health interventions aimed at reduction of risky behavior, education and counseling to urge them to seek health care advice when needed.
摘要在印度,男男性行为者是一组长期被忽视的高危人群。污名化、歧视和将男性之间的性行为定为犯罪的法律破坏了获得艾滋病毒/艾滋病和其他医疗服务的机会。在这项研究中,我们确定了2009-2011年期间在阿格拉综合咨询与检测中心(ICTC)就诊的一组MSM中HIV和梅毒感染的血清流行率和风险因素。结果已与该国其他地区的结果进行了比较。在非政府组织Khushi注册的277名MSM参与了一个靶向干预(TI)项目,他们接受了艾滋病毒和性病研究实验室(VDRL)感染检测。记录了社会地理概况、风险因素、性身份、获得一般医疗保健的机会以及以前的艾滋病毒和/或性传播感染(STI)检测等。MSM中HIV和梅毒感染率分别为11.9%(33/277)和11.1%(31/277)。其中74%的人年龄在15-35岁之间 年,文盲,没有特定的工作。酒精、药物滥用和高风险行为很常见,因为他们更喜欢分组。70%的艾滋病毒阳性MSM,87%的性传播疾病患者未婚且有多个伴侣。一些MSM已婚并处于双性恋关系中,他们可能是男女之间的重要桥梁。这一群体中艾滋病毒和性传播疾病的高流行率强调了公共卫生干预措施的必要性,这些干预措施旨在减少危险行为、教育和咨询,以敦促他们在需要时寻求医疗保健建议。
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引用次数: 2
Syndemic factors and HIV infection among men who have sex with men in Taiwan 台湾男性性行为人群的综合征因素与HIV感染
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-06-01 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2018.1454866
Deng-Min Chuang, P. Newman, A. Li
Abstract We tested the applicability of syndemic theory to men who have sex with men (MSM) in Taiwan. Of 200 MSM (mean age = 27.1 years) surveyed, the majority (54%) experienced at least one syndemic burden due to problem drug use, intimate partner violence, or HIV stigma. In multivariable analysis, MSM with one or more syndemic burdens had greater than threefold higher odds of being HIV-positive. The impact of co-occurring psychosocial health conditions on HIV infection among MSM in Taiwan indicates the importance of identifying and engaging HIV-positive MSM in effective treatment, and implementing interventions more broadly to decrease syndemic burden.
摘要我们检验了综合征理论在台湾男男性行为者(MSM)中的适用性。200名男男性行为者(平均年龄 = 27.1年),大多数人(54%)至少经历过一次由于问题药物使用、亲密伴侣暴力或艾滋病毒污名化而造成的综合征负担。在多变量分析中,有一种或多种综合征负担的男男性行为者HIV阳性的几率高出三倍以上。台湾男男性行为者同时发生的心理社会健康状况对艾滋病毒感染的影响表明,识别和参与艾滋病毒阳性男男性行为者进行有效治疗,并更广泛地实施干预措施以减少综合征负担的重要性。
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引用次数: 4
Utilization of Ryan White-funded mental health services and mental health functioning among people living with HIV in New York City Ryan White资助的纽约市艾滋病毒感染者心理健康服务和心理健康功能的利用情况
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-03-12 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2018.1428841
M. Feldman, Stephen J. Hile, Mary K. Irvine, Guadalupe Dominguez-Plummer, Darryl Fields, Trang T. Tran, L. Arakaki
ABSTRACT Few studies have examined the relationship between mental health service utilization and health/mental health outcomes among people living with HIV (PLWH). Such studies are needed to inform the delivery of mental health services for this population, particularly in identifying treatment dosages that will result in clinically significant improvements. We examined the association between mental health service utilization and mental health functioning among 429 PLWH in New York City. Of these, 40% (n = 170) demonstrated an improvement in mental health functioning (≥3.5 point increase on the Mental Component Summary score on the SF-12) from program intake to the follow-up assessment. In a multivariable analysis, higher proportions of individuals with medium (38%) and high (37%) mental health service utilization levels experienced an improvement in mental health functioning, compared to those with low utilization levels (25%). Future analyses should include additional follow-up periods to assess service utilization patterns over time and their association with mental health functioning.
很少有研究调查了艾滋病毒感染者(PLWH)心理健康服务利用与健康/心理健康结果之间的关系。需要进行这样的研究,以便为这一人群提供心理健康服务,特别是在确定将导致临床显著改善的治疗剂量方面。我们调查了纽约市429名PLWH的心理健康服务利用与心理健康功能之间的关系。其中,40% (n = 170)表现出心理健康功能的改善(SF-12的心理成分总结得分增加≥3.5分)。在一项多变量分析中,与低利用水平(25%)的个体相比,中等(38%)和高(37%)心理健康服务利用水平的个体在心理健康功能方面的改善比例更高。未来的分析应包括额外的随访期,以评估一段时间内服务利用模式及其与心理健康功能的关系。
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引用次数: 1
Mental health screening in integrated care settings: Identifying rates of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress among youth with HIV 综合护理环境中的心理健康筛查:确定艾滋病毒感染青年的抑郁、焦虑和创伤后压力发生率
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-03-12 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2018.1437585
C. Lynn, Kathy L. Bradley-Klug, T. Chenneville, A. Walsh, R. Dedrick, C. Rodriguez
ABSTRACT Rates of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are greater in youth living with HIV (YLWH) than in the general population. Currently, depression screening guidelines exist for YLWH but not anxiety and PTSD. This study examined data from comprehensive mental health screenings conducted with YLWH, which included measures of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Percentages of positive screeners were 35%, 25.7%, and 20.6% for depression, anxiety, and PTSD, respectively. Older participants reported more depression and anxiety symptoms. Participants with less education reported more PTSD symptoms. These findings support the need for universal and comprehensive mental health screenings for YLWH.
摘要艾滋病毒感染青年(YLWH)的抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)发生率高于普通人群。目前,有针对YLWH的抑郁症筛查指南,但没有针对焦虑和创伤后应激障碍的指南。这项研究检查了YLWH进行的全面心理健康筛查的数据,其中包括抑郁、焦虑和创伤后应激障碍的测量。抑郁症、焦虑症和创伤后应激障碍的阳性筛查者比例分别为35%、25.7%和20.6%。年龄较大的参与者报告了更多的抑郁和焦虑症状。受教育程度较低的参与者报告了更多的创伤后应激障碍症状。这些发现支持了对YLWH进行普遍和全面的心理健康筛查的必要性。
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引用次数: 9
Social Perceptions of HIV/AIDS among the Wayuu of Colombia 哥伦比亚Wayuu人对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的社会认知
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-03-12 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2018.1437584
Diana María Castro-Arroyave, Juan F. Gamella Mora, Carlos Alberto Rojas Arbeláez, J. Mignone
ABSTRACT Understanding how Indigenous populations perceive HIV/AIDS is of high relevance for the implementation of culturally appropriate interventions. The study analyzed the ways in which Indigenous Wayuu communities of Colombia socially perceive and respond to HIV/AIDS from their sociocultural realities and their knowledge of the illness. It analyzed qualitative data from 9 focus groups and 29 semi-structured interviews. The Wayuu think of HIV/AIDS as “the illness”, that it is incurable, fatal, transmitted from alijunas (non Wayuu), and beyond their understanding. They seem to perceive HIV/AIDS similarly to the ways Western societies perceived unknown or misunderstood epidemics in the past.
了解土著居民如何看待艾滋病毒/艾滋病与实施文化上适当的干预措施高度相关。该研究分析了哥伦比亚土著瓦尤社区从其社会文化现实和对这种疾病的认识出发,在社会上看待和应对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的方式。它分析了来自9个焦点小组和29个半结构化访谈的定性数据。瓦尤人认为艾滋病毒/艾滋病是一种“疾病”,它是无法治愈的,致命的,是由非瓦尤人传播的,超出了他们的理解范围。他们对艾滋病毒/艾滋病的看法似乎与西方社会过去对未知或被误解的流行病的看法相似。
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引用次数: 1
Barriers to addressing HIV-Associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND): Community-based service provider perspectives 解决HIV相关神经认知障碍(HAND)的障碍:基于社区的服务提供者视角
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-02-23 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2018.1431168
R. Liboro, F. Ibáñez-Carrasco, S. Rourke, A. Eaton, C. Medina, D. Pugh, Al Rae, L. Ross, P. Shuper
ABSTRACT HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) is an emergent public health issue in developed countries. Consequently, people living with HIV who experience HAND will increasingly require support from community-based HIV service providers. The objective of our qualitative study was to identify barriers service providers face in addressing HAND among people living with HIV. Thirty-three providers from 22 AIDS service organizations across Ontario, Canada, were interviewed. Using thematic analysis, three types of barriers were identified: (a) personal/professional, (b) service access, and (c) systemic. This paper draws attention to HAND-related obstacles that service providers encounter in their work and presents options to overcome them.
摘要艾滋病相关神经认知障碍(HAND)是发达国家突发的公共卫生问题。因此,经历HAND的艾滋病毒感染者将越来越需要社区艾滋病毒服务提供者的支持。我们的定性研究的目的是确定服务提供者在解决艾滋病毒感染者HAND问题时面临的障碍。来自加拿大安大略省22个艾滋病服务组织的33名提供者接受了采访。通过专题分析,确定了三类障碍:(a)个人/专业障碍,(b)获得服务的障碍,以及(c)系统性障碍。本文提请注意服务提供商在工作中遇到的与HAND相关的障碍,并提出了克服这些障碍的选择。
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引用次数: 8
Review of the evidence of gender-focused interventions including men to reduce HIV risk and violence against women in sub-Saharan Africa 审查以性别为重点的干预措施的证据,包括男子减少撒哈拉以南非洲艾滋病毒风险和暴力侵害妇女行为的证据
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-02-02 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2017.1407727
S. Nikolova, E. Small
ABSTRACT This review investigates gender-informed intervention studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa that measure an outcome related to HIV. The review included 20,340 abstracts published between January 1990 and July 2015, 84 of which met our inclusion criteria for full review, resulting in 17 articles that are the current analysis. The findings demonstrate a wide variation in the types of interventions, from low-intensity educational content to multicomponent interventions. The review groups study outcomes into biological, HIV risk interventions, behavioral, violence, and risk reduction. Most interventions showed positive effects, and although research methodologies varied considerably, longer interventions appeared to be more effective. Cultural and behavioral practices require a multidimensional interventional approach to prevent the spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. Studies of sexual violence, oppressive cultural norms, and cultural acceptance of men having multiple partners may contribute to disproportionate HIV rates in the region.
摘要本综述调查了在撒哈拉以南非洲进行的性别知情干预研究,这些研究衡量了与艾滋病毒相关的结果。该综述包括1990年1月至2015年7月期间发表的20340篇摘要,其中84篇符合我们全面综述的纳入标准,导致17篇文章成为当前分析。研究结果表明,从低强度的教育内容到多成分的干预措施,干预措施的类型差异很大。审查小组研究了生物学、HIV风险干预、行为、暴力和降低风险的结果。大多数干预措施都显示出积极的效果,尽管研究方法差异很大,但更长的干预措施似乎更有效。文化和行为实践需要一种多层面的干预方法,以防止艾滋病毒在撒哈拉以南非洲的传播。对性暴力、压迫性文化规范以及对有多个伴侣的男性的文化接受的研究可能会导致该地区不成比例的艾滋病毒感染率。
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引用次数: 22
HIV testing history among young adults: The roles of sex, race, and sexual orientation 年轻人的HIV检测史:性别、种族和性取向的作用
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-24 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2017.1409149
Sirry M. Alang, S. Bornstein
ABSTRACT One in five new HIV diagnoses in the United States is among persons younger than 25 years old. Routine testing is a crucial prevention strategy. We assessed the relationships between sex, race, sexual orientation, and HIV testing among young adults. Odds of affirmative testing history were higher among women than men, and among Latino gay/bisexual men than their White counterparts. Among straight men, odds of having tested were greatest among Blacks. Mechanisms through which race/ethnicity affect HIV vulnerability among young gay/bisexual men of color need to be explored, especially as these populations are more likely to have affirmative testing histories, yet are disproportionately impacted.
摘要:在美国,每五个新的艾滋病毒诊断病例中就有一个是25岁以下的人。常规检测是至关重要的预防策略。我们评估了年轻人的性别、种族、性取向和艾滋病毒检测之间的关系。女性有肯定性测试史的几率高于男性,拉丁裔同性恋/双性恋男性有肯定性检测史的几率也高于白人。在直男中,黑人接受测试的几率最大。需要探索种族/族裔影响有色人种年轻同性恋/双性恋男性艾滋病毒脆弱性的机制,特别是因为这些人群更有可能有肯定性检测史,但受到的影响不成比例。
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引用次数: 3
Front-line service providers’ appraisal of Saskatchewan’s HIV services and strategy: A qualitative study 一线服务提供者对萨斯喀彻温省艾滋病毒服务和战略的评价:一项定性研究
IF 0.7 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2018-01-24 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2017.1407731
Maleeha Sami, Sithokozile Maposa, Heather Exner-Pirot, J. Anonson
ABSTRACT This qualitative study examined front-line health care providers’ understandings of the Saskatchewan Ministry of Health’s 2010–2014 HIV strategy, their capacity building needs, and perspectives on how well they were implementing HIV services. Providers’ experiences of engaging people living with HIV, community leaders, and communities affected by the epidemic reveal a need to strengthen interprofessional networks. Our findings also indicate the need for HIV services to respond to coexisting challenges, including substance use, violence, and mental health care for people living with HIV. Programs in rural northern Saskatchewan should also address homelessness, disparities in access to care, and HIV stigma issues.
摘要:这项定性研究考察了一线卫生保健提供者对萨斯喀彻温省卫生部2010-2014年艾滋病毒战略的理解、他们的能力建设需求,以及他们对艾滋病毒服务实施情况的看法。提供者与艾滋病毒感染者、社区领导人和受疫情影响的社区接触的经验表明,有必要加强跨专业网络。我们的研究结果还表明,艾滋病毒服务需要应对共存的挑战,包括药物使用、暴力和艾滋病毒感染者的心理健康护理。萨斯喀彻温省北部农村的项目还应解决无家可归、获得护理的差距和艾滋病毒污名化问题。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of HIV-AIDS & Social Services
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