Only a few years ago people were queuing up to invest in Africa. As recently as 2012 Zambia paid less than Spain to borrow dollars. Private-equity funds dedicated to Africa raised record sums to invest in shopping malls and firms making everything from nappies to fruit juice. Businessfolk salivated at the prospect of selling to the fast-growing African middle class, which by one measure numbered 350m people. Miners sank billions into African soil to feed China’s appetite for minerals.
{"title":"Making Africa Work","authors":"Tevin Tafese","doi":"10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.07","url":null,"abstract":"Only a few years ago people were queuing up to invest in Africa. As recently as 2012 Zambia paid less than Spain to borrow dollars. Private-equity funds dedicated to Africa raised record sums to invest in shopping malls and firms making everything from nappies to fruit juice. Businessfolk salivated at the prospect of selling to the fast-growing African middle class, which by one measure numbered 350m people. Miners sank billions into African soil to feed China’s appetite for minerals.","PeriodicalId":444754,"journal":{"name":"ERIS – European Review of International Studies","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124806246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extract ----- Abstract European defence policy clearly remains heavily dependent upon the equipment of the French and British armed forces. What remains largely unknown, however, is the extent of co-operation between these forces to maintain this equipment and thereby transform theoretical capacity into actual military capability. Drawn from a study of such bilateral cooperation over servicing the Atlas (A400M) airlifter, this article shows that modest levels of co-operation have developed but also that deeper collaboration continues to be blocked by unfavourable organisational and political structures. The first level of differentiation concerns contracting with the aircraft’s manufacturer (Airbus): the British have delegated nearly all support activity to this firm, whereas the French have retained most of it ‘in-house’. Secondly, the two countries’ defence industrial policies continue to differ significantly. In the British case, defence industrial base concerns are now addressed on a bespoke basis centred upon market conditions in general, and competitiveness of supply in particular. Conversely, neo-dirigiste interventionist industrial policy still dominates French equipment support. Weak bilateral co-operation over supporting the Atlas is therefore best explained by using constructivist political economy to unpack the problem definitions and policy instruments it has entailed, together with the national hybrids it has bolstered. Keywords: A400M – contracting - defence equipment support – industrial policy
{"title":"Supporting Atlas: Franco-British Co-operation to Service Europe’s Military Airlifter","authors":"B. Giry, Andy Smith","doi":"10.3224/ERIS.V6I2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3224/ERIS.V6I2.06","url":null,"abstract":"Extract ----- Abstract European defence policy clearly remains heavily dependent upon the equipment of the French and British armed forces. What remains largely unknown, however, is the extent of co-operation between these forces to maintain this equipment and thereby transform theoretical capacity into actual military capability. Drawn from a study of such bilateral cooperation over servicing the Atlas (A400M) airlifter, this article shows that modest levels of co-operation have developed but also that deeper collaboration continues to be blocked by unfavourable organisational and political structures. The first level of differentiation concerns contracting with the aircraft’s manufacturer (Airbus): the British have delegated nearly all support activity to this firm, whereas the French have retained most of it ‘in-house’. Secondly, the two countries’ defence industrial policies continue to differ significantly. In the British case, defence industrial base concerns are now addressed on a bespoke basis centred upon market conditions in general, and competitiveness of supply in particular. Conversely, neo-dirigiste interventionist industrial policy still dominates French equipment support. Weak bilateral co-operation over supporting the Atlas is therefore best explained by using constructivist political economy to unpack the problem definitions and policy instruments it has entailed, together with the national hybrids it has bolstered. Keywords: A400M – contracting - defence equipment support – industrial policy","PeriodicalId":444754,"journal":{"name":"ERIS – European Review of International Studies","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115581573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bibliography: Dunn Cavelty, Myriam: Thomas Rid, Cyber War Will Not Take Place, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 131-134. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.17
参考文献:Dunn Cavelty, Myriam: Thomas Rid，网络战争将不会发生，ERIS, 1-2018，第131-134页。https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.17
{"title":"Thomas Rid, Cyber War Will Not Take Place","authors":"Myriam Dunn Cavelty","doi":"10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.17","url":null,"abstract":"Bibliography: Dunn Cavelty, Myriam: Thomas Rid, Cyber War Will Not Take Place, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 131-134. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.17","PeriodicalId":444754,"journal":{"name":"ERIS – European Review of International Studies","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127026262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extract ----- Abstract The global citizen is a recognisable element in the discourse of many actors that advocate a form of identification beyond the national level. In this paper, the aim is to analyse the ways the figure of the global citizen is discursively grounded by a selection of international actors, two of which are small and US-based, and two (the World Economic Forum and the World Bank) are high profile elite institutions. It is argued that at the level of discourse, the notion of a ‘global citizen’ represents a point of identification above and beyond the civil sphere. This means that the legitimacy bestowed on this figure is ultimately projected into the institutions advocating it. In terms of discourse the role of the global citizen is linked to the fulfilment of a historical and normative task within a foundational vision of the world. Framed in this way, the global citizen embodies a particular form of subjectivity that develops social legitimacy while being presented as a non-political actor in all the actions accredited to it. This framing is subjected to critical analysis, considering the inherently political dimension of all social identities and the implications that a process of identification has for the subject. Keywords: Political subjectivity, global citizen, discursive grounds, identity ----- Bibliography: Iglesias Ortiz, Angel: The Political Dimension and Discursive Grounds of the Global Citizen, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 28-47. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.02
{"title":"The Political Dimension and Discursive Grounds of the Global Citizen","authors":"Á. Ortiz","doi":"10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Extract ----- Abstract The global citizen is a recognisable element in the discourse of many actors that advocate a form of identification beyond the national level. In this paper, the aim is to analyse the ways the figure of the global citizen is discursively grounded by a selection of international actors, two of which are small and US-based, and two (the World Economic Forum and the World Bank) are high profile elite institutions. It is argued that at the level of discourse, the notion of a ‘global citizen’ represents a point of identification above and beyond the civil sphere. This means that the legitimacy bestowed on this figure is ultimately projected into the institutions advocating it. In terms of discourse the role of the global citizen is linked to the fulfilment of a historical and normative task within a foundational vision of the world. Framed in this way, the global citizen embodies a particular form of subjectivity that develops social legitimacy while being presented as a non-political actor in all the actions accredited to it. This framing is subjected to critical analysis, considering the inherently political dimension of all social identities and the implications that a process of identification has for the subject. Keywords: Political subjectivity, global citizen, discursive grounds, identity ----- Bibliography: Iglesias Ortiz, Angel: The Political Dimension and Discursive Grounds of the Global Citizen, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 28-47. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.02","PeriodicalId":444754,"journal":{"name":"ERIS – European Review of International Studies","volume":"884 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113999247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extract ----- Bibliography: Pomarede, Julien: Foucault and the Modern International: Pluralizing IR, power, domination and … Foucault, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 80-85. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.06
{"title":"Foucault and the Modern International: Pluralizing IR, power, domination and … Foucault","authors":"Julien Pomarède","doi":"10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Extract ----- Bibliography: Pomarede, Julien: Foucault and the Modern International: Pluralizing IR, power, domination and … Foucault, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 80-85. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.06","PeriodicalId":444754,"journal":{"name":"ERIS – European Review of International Studies","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123884204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bibliography: Guild, Elspeth: Wayne Sandholtz and Christopher A. Whytock (Eds.), Research Handbooks on the Politics of International Law, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 135-138. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.18
{"title":"Wayne Sandholtz and Christopher A. Whytock (Eds.), Research Handbooks on the Politics of International Law","authors":"E. Guild","doi":"10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Bibliography: Guild, Elspeth: Wayne Sandholtz and Christopher A. Whytock (Eds.), Research Handbooks on the Politics of International Law, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 135-138. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.18","PeriodicalId":444754,"journal":{"name":"ERIS – European Review of International Studies","volume":"190 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116402278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extract ----- Abstract Are the numerous judicial bodies that we tend to very generally subsume under “international courts” or “international adjudicative bodies” really like-units, or are they rather highly diverse institutions that call for a more careful, not only typological, but also theoretical differentiation? The aim of this article is to make a theoretically grounded contribution to the questions of (a) in what ways international judicial institutions are dependent on the functionally differentiated settings they are embedded in, and (b) in what ways they are influenced and altered by the organisational frameworks of their operation. The starting point of the inquiry will be a critical discussion of systems theory and rationalist approaches, as these approaches involve opposite positions with regards to the embeddedness and interaction of judicial bodies in a functionally differentiated world society: while the former entails an exclusive logic, the latter is essentially based on an inclusive model. The claim is that both models enable us to better understand rather ideal-type cases of how judicial institutions (inter)act in practice. It will be argued that the modus operandi of diverse courts, (arbitral) tribunals, and quasi-judicial institutions is typically subtler and more complex and can be most likely understood – due to their entanglement with other functional settings – as being transclusive or substitutive in nature. Both concepts will be introduced and applied here as parts of a contextualist approach towards understanding international judicial institutions. Keywords: international organisations, contextualism, international courts, Niklas Luhmann, systems theory, rationalism ----- Bibliography: Grimmel, Andreas: Understanding Courts in Context: On the Embeddedness and Interaction of Judicial Bodies in a Functionally Differentiated World Society, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 5-27. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.01
{"title":"Understanding Courts in Context: On the Embeddedness and Interaction of Judicial Bodies in a Functionally Differentiated World Society","authors":"Andreas Grimmel","doi":"10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Extract ----- Abstract Are the numerous judicial bodies that we tend to very generally subsume under “international courts” or “international adjudicative bodies” really like-units, or are they rather highly diverse institutions that call for a more careful, not only typological, but also theoretical differentiation? The aim of this article is to make a theoretically grounded contribution to the questions of (a) in what ways international judicial institutions are dependent on the functionally differentiated settings they are embedded in, and (b) in what ways they are influenced and altered by the organisational frameworks of their operation. The starting point of the inquiry will be a critical discussion of systems theory and rationalist approaches, as these approaches involve opposite positions with regards to the embeddedness and interaction of judicial bodies in a functionally differentiated world society: while the former entails an exclusive logic, the latter is essentially based on an inclusive model. The claim is that both models enable us to better understand rather ideal-type cases of how judicial institutions (inter)act in practice. It will be argued that the modus operandi of diverse courts, (arbitral) tribunals, and quasi-judicial institutions is typically subtler and more complex and can be most likely understood – due to their entanglement with other functional settings – as being transclusive or substitutive in nature. Both concepts will be introduced and applied here as parts of a contextualist approach towards understanding international judicial institutions. Keywords: international organisations, contextualism, international courts, Niklas Luhmann, systems theory, rationalism ----- Bibliography: Grimmel, Andreas: Understanding Courts in Context: On the Embeddedness and Interaction of Judicial Bodies in a Functionally Differentiated World Society, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 5-27. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.01","PeriodicalId":444754,"journal":{"name":"ERIS – European Review of International Studies","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130732452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bibliography: Rosano-Grange, Marlene: Esther Barbe, Oriol Costa and Robert Kissack (Eds.), EU Policy Responses to a Shifting Multilateral System, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 95-98. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.08
参考文献:Rosano-Grange, Marlene; Esther Barbe, Oriol Costa和Robert Kissack(编)，欧盟对转移多边体系的政策反应，ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 95-98。https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.08
{"title":"Esther Barbé, Oriol Costa and Robert Kissack (Eds.), EU Policy Responses to a Shifting Multilateral System","authors":"Marlène Rosano-grange","doi":"10.3224/eris.v5i1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.08","url":null,"abstract":"Bibliography: Rosano-Grange, Marlene: Esther Barbe, Oriol Costa and Robert Kissack (Eds.), EU Policy Responses to a Shifting Multilateral System, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 95-98. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.08","PeriodicalId":444754,"journal":{"name":"ERIS – European Review of International Studies","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126349180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bibliography: Thompson, Helen: Roberto Cantoni, Oil exploration, diplomacy, and security in the early cold war: the enemy underground, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 99-102. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.09
参考文献:Thompson, Helen: Roberto Cantoni，《冷战早期的石油勘探、外交与安全:地下敌人》，ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 99-102。https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.09
{"title":"Roberto Cantoni, Oil exploration, diplomacy, and security in the early cold war: the enemy underground","authors":"Helen Thompson","doi":"10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.09","url":null,"abstract":"Bibliography: Thompson, Helen: Roberto Cantoni, Oil exploration, diplomacy, and security in the early cold war: the enemy underground, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 99-102. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.09","PeriodicalId":444754,"journal":{"name":"ERIS – European Review of International Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124075832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bibliography: Kurze, Arnaud: William A. Schabas and Shannonbrooke Murphy, (Eds.): Research Handbook on International Courts and Tribunals, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 139-142. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.19
参考书目:Kurze, Arnaud: William A. Schabas和Shannonbrooke Murphy，(编辑):国际法院和法庭研究手册，ERIS, 1-2018，第139-142页。https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.19
{"title":"William A. Schabas and Shannonbrooke Murphy, (Eds.): Research Handbook on International Courts and Tribunals","authors":"Arnaud Kurze","doi":"10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3224/ERIS.V5I1.19","url":null,"abstract":"Bibliography: Kurze, Arnaud: William A. Schabas and Shannonbrooke Murphy, (Eds.): Research Handbook on International Courts and Tribunals, ERIS, 1-2018, pp. 139-142. https://doi.org/10.3224/eris.v5i1.19","PeriodicalId":444754,"journal":{"name":"ERIS – European Review of International Studies","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121462905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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