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The Map of Britain in British Library, MS Harley 1808 大英图书馆的英国地图,哈雷1808年
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2130518
Alfred Hiatt
ABSTRACT This article provides a detailed description and analysis of the map of Britain in British Library, MS Harley 1808, in its manuscript context and in comparison with the Gough map of Britain. It is argued that the map in MS Harley 1808, which can be dated to between 1422 and c.1450, was almost certainly copied in York. Detailed consideration of it in its manuscript context shows that it could be read as a support to the narrative of British history which traced the lineage of English kings back to the legendary founder of the kingdom, Brutus. Concluding remarks consider the implications of that reading for the Gough map. An appendix lists toponyms on the map of Britain in MS Harley 1808 and compares them with their equivalents on the Gough map.
摘要本文对大英图书馆1808年的英国地图进行了详细的描述和分析,并与英国高夫地图进行了比较。有人认为,哈雷1808年的地图可以追溯到1422年至1450年左右,几乎可以肯定是在约克复制的。在其手稿背景下对其进行的详细研究表明,它可以被解读为对英国历史叙事的支持,英国历史叙事将英国国王的血统追溯到传说中的王国创始人布鲁图斯。结束语考虑了这一解读对高夫地图的影响。附录列出了1808年哈雷女士英国地图上的地名,并将其与高夫地图上的对应地名进行了比较。
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引用次数: 1
Ivan Kupčík (1943–2022)
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2130541
H. Feldmann
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引用次数: 0
España en Mapas Antiguos. Catálogo de la Colección Rodríguez Torres–Ayuso 旧地图上的西班牙。罗德里格斯·托雷斯-阿尤索系列目录
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2130549
A. Martínez
the so called paulistas, luso-brazilian mestizos from the plateau of São Paulo de Piratininga, had overstepped the lines imposed by contemporary treaties in their search for indigenous populations to use as slaves, even reaching the Spanish Jesuit missions. At the end of the seventeenth century, gold and emerald mines were found in the centre of South America. By the 1740s, at the peak of extraction, production reached 14 tons of gold, accelerating the need for treaties that would determine more clearly the possessions of each Crown. By approaching the topic of the paulistas, Goes delves into a thorny issue in Brazilian historiography. One of the most important figures in the revival of Alexandre de Gusmão’s writings in the twentieth century was the Portuguese scholar Jaime Cortesão (1884–1960), who, in addition to understanding the Portuguese Crown as being chiefly responsible for Portugal’s westward expansion in South America, thanks to the geopolitical importance of its territories, helped to mystify the image of the role of the paulistas in this process. Most Brazilian historiography, though, tends to question the paulista view of the construction of Brazilian space, especially from a better understanding of their movement in the hinterland in the course of slave raiding to supply the slave markets in the Brazilian Highland. Border myths are crucial elements in the legitimation of territories at the negotiating table. Thus, questioning some of Cortesão’s theses, Goes discusses two of the main myths. First, that of Brazil Island, an idea widely used in the eighteenth century with the help of maps from the previous century. According to this myth, the basins of the rivers Plate and Amazon met at some point in the centre of the continent, forming the immense Xarayes Lake, in such a way that the Portuguese territories were already separated from the Spanish by ‘natural borders’. The second myth suggested that the territories that today make up Brazil formerly belonged to an immense indigenous Tupi-Guarani group and that the whole area from the confluence of the Paraguay River and the Guaporé River to the Amazon was their ancestral territory: Pindorama. Goes questions both myths, pointing to borders as human constructs from a given time and showing the importance of Alexandre de Gusmão as an articulator of two key elements in the diplomatic negotiations: the idea of utis possidetis, by which legitimate possession was guaranteed to those who had already colonized the land, and the idea that territorial possession would be marked by natural landscape elements such as rivers and mountain chains. Thus, in Goes’s view, Brazilian territory as a geographical entity owes much to the role played by Alexandre de Gusmão. But in focusing on Gusmão, he almost leaves an important consideration out of his narrative, namely that of the actual events of exploration in Portuguese America. The construction of maps and their use in diplomacy were also dependent on th
所谓的保利斯塔人,来自圣保罗-德-皮拉蒂尼加高原的卢索-巴西混血儿,在寻找土著人口作为奴隶的过程中超越了当代条约规定的界限,甚至到达了西班牙耶稣会传教团。17世纪末,在南美洲中部发现了金矿和祖母绿矿。到17世纪40年代,在黄金开采的高峰期,黄金产量达到了14吨,这加速了对更明确地确定每个王室财产的条约的需求。Goes通过探讨保利斯塔的主题,深入探讨了巴西史学中的一个棘手问题。二十世纪亚历山大·德·古斯芒著作复兴过程中最重要的人物之一是葡萄牙学者海梅·科尔特斯ão(1884-1960),他除了认为葡萄牙王室对葡萄牙在南美洲的向西扩张负有主要责任外,由于其领土的地缘政治重要性,这有助于混淆保利斯塔在这一过程中所扮演角色的形象。然而,大多数巴西史学倾向于质疑保利斯塔对巴西空间建设的看法,尤其是从更好地了解他们在掠夺奴隶以供应巴西高地奴隶市场的过程中在腹地的运动。边界神话是谈判桌上领土合法化的关键因素。因此,Goes在质疑Cortesão的一些论点时,讨论了两个主要的神话。首先是巴西岛,这一概念在18世纪借助上个世纪的地图被广泛使用。根据这个神话,Plate河和Amazon河的流域在大陆中心的某个地方交汇,形成了巨大的Xarayes湖,葡萄牙领土已经被“自然边界”与西班牙隔开。第二个神话表明,今天组成巴西的领土以前属于一个庞大的土著图皮-瓜拉尼人群体,从巴拉圭河和瓜波雷河交汇处到亚马逊的整个地区都是他们的祖先领地:品多拉玛。对这两个神话都提出了质疑,指出边界是人类从特定时期开始构建的,并表明了亚历山大·德·古斯芒作为外交谈判中两个关键要素的代言人的重要性:实际占有权的概念,即保证已经在这片土地上殖民的人的合法占有权,以及领土占有将以河流和山脉等自然景观元素为标志的想法。因此,在Goes看来,巴西领土作为一个地理实体,在很大程度上要归功于Alexandre de Gusmão所发挥的作用。但在关注古斯芒时,他几乎在叙述中留下了一个重要的考虑因素,即葡属美洲的实际勘探事件。地图的构建及其在外交中的使用也依赖于重要启蒙网络中的信息流通,这使得整个过程更加复杂。然而,在关注神话和空间问题并将其确定为历史过程的过程中,Goes向我们展示了使用古斯芒在20世纪的思想并将古斯芒本人变成神话的危险。©Antonio JoséAlves de Oliveira Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlâtica Santa Teresa,Espírito,巴西http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5019-5983https://doi.org/10.1080/03085694.2022.2130547
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引用次数: 0
A Paradoxical Map: Edward Raczyński’s 1807–1812 Map of Greater Poland 矛盾地图:爱德华·拉钦斯基1807-1812年的《大波兰地图》
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2130524
Tomasz Panecki, Wiesława Duży
ABSTRACT Between 1807 and 1812 a Polish nobleman named Edward Raczyński funded the making of a multi-sheet topographic map at a scale of 1:125,000. Neither completed nor published, the map was lost in the Second World War and survives only in the form of photostatic copies: one set made by a local scholar, another by an occupying army. While Raczyński’s map has been mined for its historical data, the authors see it as a paradox on two levels. It is argued, first, that Raczyński was more concerned with undertaking a survey for strategic military purposes than with making a nationalist argument for reconstructing a lost Polish state, as was characteristic of other maps drawn at this time. Second, the tremendous amount of work put into the map’s extensive, systematic detail suggests the map was unusual for a simple private initiative.
摘要1807年至1812年间,一位名叫爱德华·拉钦斯基的波兰贵族出资绘制了一幅比例尺为1:125000的多页地形图。这张地图既没有完成,也没有出版,在第二次世界大战中丢失了,只能以复印件的形式保存下来:一套由当地学者制作,另一套由占领军制作。虽然拉钦斯基的地图已经被挖掘出了历史数据,但作者们认为这在两个层面上是一个悖论。首先,有人认为,拉钦斯基更关心的是出于战略军事目的进行调查,而不是像当时绘制的其他地图一样,为重建一个失落的波兰国家提出民族主义论点。其次,对地图广泛、系统的细节所做的大量工作表明,对于一个简单的私人倡议来说,这张地图是不寻常的。
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引用次数: 0
From Borderlands to Boundary Lines: Mapping on the Edges of the Ottoman Empire 从边疆到边界线:绘制奥斯曼帝国的边缘
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2130521
Mirela Altic
ABSTRACT The evolution, nature and characteristics of boundary mapping in Central and Eastern Europe were distinctive, especially considering the imperial borders of states neighbouring the Ottoman Empire. Affected by strong military and geopolitical needs, demarcation maps were not based on cadastres or property mapping undertaken by civil authorities but exclusively on military mapping. The maps were a part of peace treaties with the Ottoman Empire, which gave them the power of legal documents. Moreover, boundary maps constituted an important tool in defending state sovereignty and subsequently in the state- and nation-building processes. In this article I analyse how countries bordering the Ottoman Empire made their demarcation maps, which strategies they applied, what level of cooperation they had with Ottoman cartographers, what cartographic conventions they met, and how these maps were received at the Ottoman court. I argue that boundary mapping was the key driver of territorial statehood in the region.
中欧和东欧边界测绘的演变、性质和特点是独特的,特别是考虑到奥斯曼帝国邻国的帝国边界。受强烈的军事和地缘政治需要的影响,划界地图不是根据民事当局进行的地籍或财产测绘,而是完全根据军事测绘。这些地图是土耳其与奥斯曼帝国签订的和平条约的一部分,这赋予了它们法律文件的权力。此外,边界地图是捍卫国家主权以及随后在国家和民族建设过程中的重要工具。在这篇文章中,我分析了与奥斯曼帝国接壤的国家是如何绘制他们的地界地图的,他们采用了什么策略,他们与奥斯曼制图师的合作程度如何,他们遇到了什么制图惯例,以及这些地图是如何在奥斯曼法院得到接受的。我认为,边界测绘是该地区领土国家地位的关键驱动因素。
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引用次数: 0
Next International Conference on the History of Cartography 下一届制图史国际会议
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2130512
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引用次数: 0
The Genesis of a New Book Type: The City Atlas (1480–1650) 一种新型图书的起源:城市地图集(1480-1650)
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2130605
E. Grosjean
resentation of Constantinople in Christopher Buondelmonti’s Liber insularum archipelagi’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers 87:1 (1997): 72–102, at 73; and Hilary Louise Turner, ‘Christopher Buondelmonti: adventurer, explorer, and cartographer’, in Géographie du monde au moyen âge et à la Renaissance, ed. Monique Pelletier (Paris, Éditions, du CTHS, 1989), 207–216, at 209. 5. Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, NAL 2383, fol. 8r (c.1400–1500). 6. Turner, ‘Christopher Buondelmonti’ (see note 4), 209. 7. For a mapless Greek copy, see the translation made in 1897 by Émile Legrand now in Instanbul, Topkapı Palace Library, Ms. Seraglio gr. 24) into French. 8. Veronica della Dora, ‘Mapping a holy quasi-island: Mount Athos in early Renaissance isolarii’, Imago Mundi 60:2 (2008): 139–65, at 141–42. 9. See in particular J. B, Harley, ‘Maps, knowledge, and power’, in The New Nature of Maps, ed. Paul Laxton (Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001), 52–81. 10. Image in the vulgar Italian manuscript in the Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Ross. 704, fol. 14r (c.1464–1475). For Rhodes and the Knights of St John, see Anthony Luttrell and Gregory O’Malley, The Countryside of Hospitaller Rhodes 1306–1423: Original Texts and English Summaries (London, Routledge, 2019), esp. 20. 11. Arne Effenberger, ‘Entstehungszeit und Auftraggeber’, in Cristoforo Buondelmonti, Liber insularum archipelagi. Universitätsund Landesbibliothek Düsseldorf, Ms. G 13. Faksimile, ed. Irmgard Siebert andMax Plassmann (Wiesbaden, Reichert, 2005), 67. 12. Baltimore, Walters Art Museum, W. 309, fol. 31r. (c.1450–1475). 13. Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Urbs. Lat. 459, fol. 9v (c.1465). 14. For further research regarding Buondelmonti’s Island book, see Claudia Barsanti, ‘L’isola di Rodi nel “Liber insularum Archipelagi” di Cristoforo Buondelmonti’, Nea Rhome 5 (2008): 357–80; Benedetta Bessi, ‘Cristoforo Buondelmonti: Greek antiquities in Florentine humanism’, The Historical Review / La Revue Historique 9 (2012): 63–76; and della Dora, ‘Mapping a holy quasiisland’ (note 8).
Christopher Buondelmonti的《岛屿自由群岛》中对君士坦丁堡的怨恨,《美国地理学家协会年鉴》87:1(1997):72–102,第73页;Hilary Louise Turner,“Christopher Buondelmonti:冒险家、探险家和制图师”,载于《世界地图与文艺复兴》(Géographe du monde au moyenâge etàla Renaissance),编辑Monique Pelletier(巴黎,Éditions,du CTHS,1989),207–216,第209页。5.巴黎,法国国家图书馆,NAL 2383,fol。8r(约1400–1500年)。特纳,“Christopher Buondelmonti”(见注释4),209。7.关于无地图的希腊文本,请参阅Émile Legrand于1897年将其翻译成法语,现藏于托普卡普宫图书馆的Instanbul,Seraglio女士gr.24)。8.Veronica della Dora,“绘制神圣的准岛屿:文艺复兴早期伊索拉里的阿索斯山”,Imago Mundi 60:2(2008):139–65,第141–42页。9.特别参见J.B,Harley,“地图、知识和权力”,载于《地图的新本质》,Paul Laxton主编(巴尔的摩,约翰·霍普金斯大学出版社,2001年),52–81。10.梵蒂冈粗俗的意大利手稿中的图像,梵蒂冈使徒图书馆,罗斯。704,fol。14r(约1464-1475年)。关于罗兹和圣约翰骑士团,见Anthony Luttrell和Gregory O'Malley,《罗兹医院的乡村》1306-1423:原文和英语摘要(伦敦,劳特利奇,2019),特别是20。11.Arne Effenberger,“Entstehungszeit und Auftraggeber”,位于群岛自由岛的Cristoforo Buondelmonti。杜塞尔多夫大学,G 13。Fakm明,Irmgard Siebert和Max Plassmann编辑(威斯巴登,Reichert,2005),67。12.巴尔的摩,沃尔特斯美术馆,W.309,fol。31r。(约1450–1475年)。梵蒂冈,梵蒂冈使徒图书馆,Urbs。Lat.459,fol。9v(约1465年)。关于Buondelmonti的《岛屿》一书的进一步研究,见Claudia Barsanti,“L'isola di Rodi nel“Liber islandium Archipelagi”di Cristoforo Buondelonti”,Nea Rhome 5(2008):357-80;Benedetta Bessi,“Cristoforo Buondelmonti:佛罗伦萨人文主义中的希腊文物”,《历史评论》/《历史评论报》第9期(2012):63–76;和della Dora,“绘制一个神圣的准岛屿”(注8)。
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引用次数: 0
Imago Mundi Prize 蒙迪奖图片
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2130542
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引用次数: 0
Corradino Astengo (1939–2022) 科拉迪诺·阿斯滕戈(1939-2022)
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2130540
Mauro Spotorno
ical awareness: their representation and influence on early European exploration and geographical knowledge’, in North American Exploration, vol. 1: A New World Disclosed, ed. John Logan Allen (Lincoln, University of Nebraska Press, 1997), 71–126. (ed.), Cartographic Encounters: Perspectives on Native American Mapmaking and Map Use (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1998). Includes an Introduction and five essays by G. Malcolm Lewis. (with David Woodward, ed.), The History of Cartography, vol. 2, book 3: Cartography in the Traditional African, American, Arctic, Australian, and Pacific Societies (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1998). Includes: Lewis, G. Malcolm. ‘Maps, mapmaking, and map use by Native North Americans’, 51–182. ‘History of cartography’, in International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, ed. Neil J. Smelser, and Paul B. Baltes (Amsterdam, Elsevier, 2001), 1501–9. ‘First Nations mapmaking in the Great Lakes region in intercultural contexts: a historical review’, Michigan Historical Review 30:2 (2004): 1–34. Reprinted in Mapping in Michigan and the Great Lakes Region, ed. David I. MacLeod (East Lansing, Michigan State University Press, 2007), 39–61. ‘Intracultural mapmaking by First Nations Peoples in the Great Lakes region: a historical review’, Michigan Historical Review 32:1 (2006): 1–17. ‘Indigenous cartography’, in Oxford Encyclopedia of Maritime History, ed. John J. Hattendorf (Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2007), 1:366–69.
《地理意识:他们对早期欧洲探索和地理知识的代表和影响》,载于《北美探索》,第1卷:《新世界的披露》,约翰·罗根·艾伦主编(林肯,内布拉斯加大学出版社,1997年),71-126。(编辑),《制图遭遇:美洲原住民地图制作和地图使用的视角》(芝加哥,芝加哥大学出版社,1998年)。包括G.Malcolm Lewis的引言和五篇文章。(与David Woodward主编),《制图史》,第2卷,第3册:传统非洲、美洲、北极、澳大利亚和太平洋社会的制图(芝加哥,芝加哥大学出版社,1998年)。包括:Lewis,G.Malcolm《北美原住民的地图、地图制作和地图使用》,51-182《地图学史》,载于《国际社会和行为科学百科全书》,Neil J.Smelser和Paul B.Baltes编辑(阿姆斯特丹,爱思唯尔,2001年),1501-9《跨文化背景下的大湖区原住民地图绘制:历史回顾》,《密歇根历史回顾》30:2(2004):1-34。转载于《密歇根州和五大湖区地图》,David I.MacLeod编辑(东兰辛,密歇根州立大学出版社,2007年),39–61《大湖区原住民的跨文化地图绘制:历史回顾》,《密歇根历史回顾》32:1(2006):1-17土著制图”,载于《牛津航海史百科全书》,约翰·J·哈滕多夫主编(牛津,牛津大学出版社,2007年),1:366–69。
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引用次数: 0
‘To what extent you have to be satisfied with your situation there … ’: August(us) Petermann in Britain, 1845–1854 “你必须在多大程度上对自己在那里的处境感到满意 … ’: 奥古斯特·彼得曼在英国,1845-1854
IF 0.2 4区 历史学 Q4 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/03085694.2022.2130526
Imre Josef Demhardt
ABSTRACT After his apprenticeship with Heinrich Berghaus in Potsdam, August(us) Petermann worked from 1845 to 1847 for W. & A. K. Johnston in Edinburgh to assist in the production of the English version of Berghaus’s Physikalischer Atlas. In June 1847, Petermann became a freelance cartographer in London focusing on innovative maps of population, infrastructure, hydrography and other themes in Britain, as well as on exploration maps of Africa and the Arctic. From 1853, his commercial ties with Justus Perthes’s Geographische Anstalt intensified, and in 1854 a now professionally well-rounded Petermann moved to Gotha. This article, written to commemorate the bicentenary of his birth, is a comprehensive appraisal of Petermann’s nine years in the United Kingdom. It is posited that his work there was both formative and ultimately essential to the innovations in cartography and geography that he encouraged in his journal Petermanns Mittheilungen from 1855 on. The article is complemented by the first thoroughly revised carto-bibliography and bibliography of his oeuvre in more than a century.
在波茨坦师从海因里希·伯格豪斯之后,奥古斯特·彼得曼于1845年至1847年在爱丁堡为w & A. K.约翰斯顿工作,协助制作伯格豪斯的《物理地图》英文版。1847年6月,彼得曼在伦敦成为一名自由制图师,专注于英国人口、基础设施、水文和其他主题的创新地图,以及非洲和北极的勘探地图。从1853年起,他与贾斯图斯·佩尔特的《安斯塔特地理学》的商业联系加强了,1854年,一个现在专业知识丰富的彼得曼搬到了哥达。这篇文章是为纪念彼得曼诞辰200周年而写的,是对彼得曼在英国9年的全面评价。有人认为,他在那里的工作对制图学和地理学的创新既有形成作用,又最终至关重要,他从1855年开始在他的杂志Petermanns Mittheilungen中鼓励这种创新。这篇文章是一个多世纪以来他的作品的第一个彻底修订的书目和参考书目的补充。
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引用次数: 0
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Imago Mundi-The International Journal for the History of Cartography
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