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2020 IEEE Colombian Conference on Applications of Computational Intelligence (IEEE ColCACI 2020)最新文献

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Work of Breathing Estimation during Spontaneous Breathing Test using Machine Learning Techniques 基于机器学习技术的自主呼吸测试中呼吸估计工作
Luis Felipe Buitrago Castro, Luis Fernando Enriquez Santacruz, M. B. S. Sánchez
Prolonged support or premature weaning of mechanical ventilation leads to several complications of cardiopulmonary physiology. Recently, work of breathing is proposed as an alternative that provides objective information about the weaning process. However, the availability and ease of use of techniques for its estimation in a clinical context are limited. Thus, the application of computerized methods for work of breathing estimation becomes necessary to assist professionals. In this article, we compare the performance of different machine learning techniques in the work of breathing estimation tasks. The problem is divided into two classes: high and low work of breathing, based on information extracted from the pressure, volume, and flow signals recorded by the mechanical ventilator. The classification algorithms used were: support vector machines, neural networks, k nearest neighbors, which were trained and tested on ventilatory signals of subjects with high and low work of breathing. The results show that the classification system can recognize the work of breathing levels with an accuracy of up to 80%.
机械通气的长期支持或过早脱机会导致心肺生理学的几种并发症。最近,呼吸工作被提出作为一种替代方法,提供关于断奶过程的客观信息。然而,在临床环境中用于其估计的技术的可用性和易用性是有限的。因此,应用计算机化的呼吸估计方法来协助专业人员是必要的。在本文中,我们比较了不同机器学习技术在呼吸估计任务中的性能。根据机械呼吸机记录的压力、容积和流量信号提取的信息,将问题分为呼吸的高功和低功两类。使用的分类算法有:支持向量机、神经网络、k近邻,分别对呼吸功高和功低受试者的呼吸信号进行训练和测试。结果表明,该分类系统可以识别呼吸水平的工作,准确率高达80%。
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引用次数: 3
Convolutional neural network proposal for wrist position classification from electromyography signals 基于肌电信号的腕部位置分类的卷积神经网络方案
A. Orjuela-Cañón, O. J. Perdomo-Charry, C. H. Valencia-Niño, Leonardo Forero
Commonly, electromyography (EMG) signals have been employed for movements or pattern classification. For this, different digital signals processing methods are applied to extract features, before a classification stage. The present work deals with a proposal based on the use of image classification employing deep learning techniques. The images were obtained from a spectrogram analysis as a previous process of the convolutional neural network employment. Then, a classification of five positions from wrist movements is carried out the model. Results showed that the accuracy is comparable to similar techniques employed with a shallow neural network and a deep neural network applied to the same dataset.
通常,肌电图(EMG)信号已被用于运动或模式分类。为此,在分类阶段之前,采用不同的数字信号处理方法提取特征。目前的工作涉及基于使用深度学习技术的图像分类的建议。作为卷积神经网络使用的前一个过程,图像是从频谱分析中获得的。然后,对该模型进行腕部运动的五种体位分类。结果表明,在相同的数据集上使用浅神经网络和深度神经网络所采用的类似技术的准确性相当。
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引用次数: 0
Echo State Network Performance Analysis using Non-random Topologies 基于非随机拓扑的回声状态网络性能分析
D. C. R. Arroyo, A. Florez, D. Flores, R. Romero, Liang Zhao
Echo State Network (ESN) has been widely studied and applied to many problems due to the simplicity of its training phase. This is because since in this network only the output weights are trained, avoiding to deal with the gradient’s vanishing problem presents in most of the recurrent neural networks. However, this technique has been criticized recently because of the echo property limitation and its random topology that may cause chaotic activity in the reservoir layer. In this paper, we present an application of the classic ESN model modifying the reservoir topology to a non-random approaches: clustered and complex networks, as an alternative solution to the chaotic activity problem. Further, the modified and classical models are compared considering two study cases: Rössler and Lorenz systems. Numerical experiments show that the proposed model has a better performance than the classical model.
回声状态网络(ESN)由于其训练阶段简单,得到了广泛的研究和应用。这是因为在该网络中只训练输出权值,避免了处理大多数递归神经网络中存在的梯度消失问题。然而,该技术由于其回波特性的限制以及其随机拓扑结构可能导致储层的混沌活动,最近受到了批评。在本文中,我们提出了一个经典的回声状态网络模型的应用,将油藏拓扑结构修改为非随机方法:聚类和复杂网络,作为混沌活动性问题的替代解决方案。在此基础上,以Rössler和Lorenz系统为研究对象,对修正模型和经典模型进行了比较。数值实验表明,该模型比经典模型具有更好的性能。
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引用次数: 2
Locomotion Control of PhantomX Hexapod Robot with Touch-Pressure Sensor and RoboComp 基于触摸压力传感器和RoboComp的PhantomX六足机器人运动控制
John Euler Chamorro Fuertes, Jairo Jose Marin Arciniegas, Pablo Bustos García de Castro, Oscar Andrés Vivas Albán
The present paper was developed in order to show the feasibility of using touch-pressure sensors and RoboComp framework, in the PhantomX hexapod robot, so that it can develop displacement. Previously, the robot included some complementary tools to its default version, so that it can develop two types of gait: regular and adaptive. A comparison of results was developed between two types of gates based on the calculation of joints angles from the kinematic model of the robot. For the adaptive gait, a stabilization system was developed with the use of touch-pressure sensors to locate the support points on which the robot’s legs can be kept stable. The results show that the robot can perform movements in a satisfactory way, although a small difference is generated between the trajectories sent and trajectories executed due to the use of some tools and software, this does not prevent good performance in locomotion.
本论文的开发是为了展示在PhantomX六足机器人中使用触摸压力传感器和RoboComp框架的可行性,从而使其能够发展位移。此前,该机器人在其默认版本的基础上加入了一些补充工具,这样它就可以发展出两种步态:常规和自适应。根据机器人的运动学模型计算关节角度,对两种浇口进行了结果比较。对于自适应步态,开发了一种稳定系统,使用触摸压力传感器来定位机器人腿可以保持稳定的支撑点。结果表明,尽管由于使用了一些工具和软件,机器人发送的轨迹和执行的轨迹之间产生了很小的差异,但这并不妨碍机器人良好的运动性能。
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引用次数: 1
Systematic Literature Review: Artificial Neural Networks Applied in Satellite Images 系统文献综述:人工神经网络在卫星图像中的应用
Paola Andrea Zárate Luna, Jesús Alfonso López Sotelo
For approximately 50 years, artificial neural networks have been playing a decisive role in the technological advances of the world, however, their application in the treatment of satellite images has not reached the expected potential since researchers have had to face to several problems such as object recognition, classification and semantic segmentation in images of low spatial resolution due to the high costs generated by building an optimal training and testing data set. This article presents the systematic review of large research literature and the most relevant papers presented in the last decade. The main sources chosen for the review were the IEEE digital library, the indexing of the SCOPUS system database and the Science Direct repository, with a total search of 386 articles related to the case study that after applying different filters, Inclusion and exclusion criteria are deepened in detail with 30 of them, finding an ascending scale in the amount of research developed in recent years, demonstrating the great interest and growth of this type of artificial intelligence technique.
近50年来,人工神经网络在世界技术进步中发挥了举足轻重的作用,然而,由于构建最优训练和测试数据集的成本高昂,研究人员不得不面对低空间分辨率图像中的目标识别、分类和语义分割等问题,人工神经网络在卫星图像处理中的应用并没有达到预期的潜力。本文对近十年来的大量研究文献和最相关的论文进行了系统回顾。综述选取的主要来源为IEEE数字图书馆、SCOPUS系统数据库的索引和Science Direct repository,共检索了与案例研究相关的386篇文章,在应用不同的筛选后,对其中30篇的纳入和排除标准进行了详细的深化,发现近年来的研究数量呈上升趋势,显示了这类人工智能技术的巨大兴趣和增长。
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引用次数: 1
MRI Brain Tumour Segmentation using a CNN Over a Multi-parametric Feature Extraction 基于CNN多参数特征提取的MRI脑肿瘤分割
Elizabeth Martinez, C. Calderón, Hans Garcia, H. Arguello
A Brain tumour is a collection of an abnormal mass of tissue that can be grown as cancerous. This pathology can be detected using noninvasive techniques such as CT and MR. Despite CT can form a three-dimensional computer model by taking multiple X-rays shots, the MRI scans are highly preferred since they do not use ionizing energy on its captures and they also provide sufficient information to confirm a diagnosis, however, MRI scans have a lot of noise which can reduce the accuracy of the diagnosis. Therefore, many works in the state of the art try to solve these issue using first a filtering method to clear the noise and then a semantic classification algorithm such feature pyramid network, mask R CNN and random forest classifiers trained over the images acquired with MRI technique extracting grayscale intensity, spatial proximity and texture similarity features, however, segmentation image using these methods does not have sufficient accuracy. Thus, this work proposes to look forward over the FLAIR images on the BRATS 2015 training dataset that is composed by 155 captures of axial cuts from where the principal and adjacent layers that have the highest amount of information are used to reformulate and increase data features that lead on a pixel-based classifier U-net proposed performs a semantic segmentation with a precision of 76%, which improves in up to 23% precision compared with the random forest-based method that obtained a 53% of precision.
脑瘤是一种异常组织的集合,可以癌变。这种病理可以使用非侵入性技术,如CT和mr来检测,尽管CT可以通过多次x射线拍摄形成三维计算机模型,但MRI扫描非常受欢迎,因为它们不使用电离能捕获,并且它们也提供足够的信息来确认诊断,然而,MRI扫描有很多噪音,这会降低诊断的准确性。因此,目前许多研究都试图解决这些问题,首先使用滤波方法去除噪声,然后在MRI技术获取的图像上训练语义分类算法,如特征金字塔网络、掩模R CNN和随机森林分类器,提取灰度强度、空间接近度和纹理相似度等特征,但使用这些方法分割图像的精度不够。因此,这项工作建议展望BRATS 2015训练数据集上的FLAIR图像,该数据集由155个轴向切割捕获组成,其中使用具有最高信息量的主层和相邻层来重新制定和增加数据特征,从而导致基于像素的分类器U-net提出的语义分割精度为76%。与基于随机森林的方法相比,该方法的精度提高了23%,而基于随机森林的方法的精度为53%。
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引用次数: 3
MosCla app: An android app to classify Culicoides species mocla应用程序:一款安卓应用程序,用于分类库蠓物种
S. Gutiérrez, Noel Pérez, D. Benítez, S. Zapata, D. Augot
Culicoides biting midges are transmission vectors of various diseases affecting humans and animals around the world. An optimal and fast classification method for these and other species have been a challenge and a necessity, especially in areas with limited resources and public health problems. In this work, we developed a mobile application to classify two Culicoides species using the morphological pattern analysis of their wings. The app implemented an automatic classification method based on the calculation of seven morphological features extracted from the wing images and a support vector machine classifier to produce the final classification of Pusillus or Obsoletus class. The proposed app was validated on an experimental dataset with 87 samples, reaching an outstanding mean of AUC score of 0.98 in the classification stage. Besides, we assessed the app feasibility using the mean of time and battery consumption metrics on two different emulators. The obtained scores of 12 and 7 s and 0.11 and 0.03 mAh for the phone and tablet emulators are satisfactory when developing mobile applications. Finally, reducing the feature space using an external wrapper method provided us a considerable improvement in the classification performance, AUC scores from 0.95 to 0.98, and decreasing the volume of information in training stages. Thus, these results enable the proposed app as an excellent approximation to those specialists that need a practical tool to classify Pussillus or Obsoletus species in wildlife environments.
库蠓是影响世界各地人类和动物的各种疾病的传播媒介。对这些物种和其他物种的最佳和快速分类方法一直是一项挑战和必要的,特别是在资源有限和公共卫生问题严重的地区。在这项工作中,我们开发了一个移动应用程序,利用它们翅膀的形态模式分析来对两种库蠓进行分类。该应用程序实现了一种自动分类方法,该方法基于从机翼图像中提取的七个形态特征的计算和支持向量机分类器,从而产生Pusillus或Obsoletus类的最终分类。应用程序在87个样本的实验数据集上进行了验证,在分类阶段的AUC得分平均值达到了0.98。此外,我们在两个不同的模拟器上使用时间和电池消耗指标的平均值来评估应用程序的可行性。手机和平板电脑仿真器的得分分别为12和7 s, 0.11和0.03 mAh,在开发移动应用程序时令人满意。最后,使用外部包装器方法减少特征空间为我们提供了分类性能的显著提高,AUC分数从0.95提高到0.98,并且减少了训练阶段的信息量。因此,这些结果使所提出的应用程序成为那些需要实用工具来分类野生环境中的Pussillus或Obsoletus物种的专家的绝佳近似。
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引用次数: 0
Machine learning techniques for detecting motor imagery in upper limbs 用于检测上肢运动图像的机器学习技术
J. Archila, A. Orjuela-Cañón
Nowadays, the human machine interfaces have increased the applications for improving the quality of life in injured people. In spite of the progress in the field, new strategies are important to contribute to solve new problems. This proposal shows the employing of feature extraction in time and frequency domains. Three machine learning techniques as KNN, SVM and Random Forest were used to detect motor imagery from EEG signals. Comparison for feature extraction and the employed detection models were analyzed to find the best election in an application for close-open fist in hands. The results achieved more than 90% in accuracy for both approaches, showing as the frequency domain is preferable for feature extraction and the employment of the KNN classifier as best strategy for the present demand.
如今,人机界面在提高伤者生活质量方面的应用越来越广泛。尽管该领域取得了进展,但新的战略对于解决新问题至关重要。该方案展示了在时域和频域上采用特征提取的方法。采用KNN、SVM和随机森林三种机器学习技术从脑电信号中检测运动图像。通过对特征提取和所采用的检测模型的比较分析,找到了在握拳合开应用中的最佳选择。结果两种方法的准确率都超过90%,表明频域更适合特征提取,而KNN分类器的使用是当前需求的最佳策略。
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引用次数: 0
[ColCACI 2020 Front cover] [ColCACI 2020年封面]
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引用次数: 0
Snapshot compressive spectral video via a monocular optical system 快照压缩光谱视频通过单目光学系统
David Morales, Paula Arguello, M. Márquez, H. Arguello
This work introduces an imaging device that efficiently captures high-speed spectral videos along with a mathematical model that allows reconstructs them from far fewer measurements than those required by conventional scanning devices. This imaging architecture modulates and multiplexes the spectral-temporal information into a single compressed measurement by introducing a Dynamic Vision Sensor (SCAMP5) as a detector in a conventional compressive snapshot spectral image (CASSI) system. SCAMP5 sensor embeds processing and data storage capability into the pixels, which allows developed a high-speed temporal codification. The results of the numerical experiments through high-speed spectral videos shows reliable performance reconstructing spectral videos for a different amount of reconstructed frames. Comparing this proposal approach of snapshot spectral video with the conventional capture of spectral videos with multishot systems, our work arises very close results additionally our system outperforme the temporal spectral compression, more fully, the proposal approach captures a 8 times less samples obtaining a difference of 2.86 in SAM, 0.08 in SSIM, 2.9 in PSNR and 0.03 for RMSE. Therefore, the proposed architecture is an efficient and alternative high-speed spectral video acquisition system.
这项工作介绍了一种成像设备,它可以有效地捕获高速光谱视频,并建立一个数学模型,使其能够通过比传统扫描设备所需的更少的测量来重建视频。该成像架构通过在传统的压缩快照光谱图像(CASSI)系统中引入动态视觉传感器(SCAMP5)作为检测器,将光谱时间信息调制并复用到单个压缩测量中。SCAMP5传感器将处理和数据存储能力嵌入到像素中,从而允许开发高速时间编码。高速光谱视频的数值实验结果表明,在不同重构帧数的情况下,该方法具有可靠的重构性能。将该方法与传统的多镜头系统光谱视频捕获方法进行比较,我们的工作结果非常接近,并且我们的系统优于时间光谱压缩,更充分的是,该方法捕获的样本数量减少了8倍,SAM的差异为2.86,SSIM的差异为0.08,PSNR的差异为2.9,RMSE的差异为0.03。因此,该架构是一种高效、可替代的高速频谱视频采集系统。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2020 IEEE Colombian Conference on Applications of Computational Intelligence (IEEE ColCACI 2020)
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