Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-153-156
A. TATYANA S., P. NIKOLAY A.
Technogenic impact on the geological environment inevitably leads to a change in the properties of rocks. Engineering structures quite often directly interact with rocks, therefore, reliable determination of their properties is an urgent task in construction. From a practical point of view, knowledge of not only the physical and mechanical properties of rocks, but also their characteristics in contact with technogenic impact is of great interest. This determines the relevance of studying the characteristics of changes in the properties of rocks under the influence of technogenic factors. The aim of the work is to consider the issues of changing the properties of rocks under the influence of technogenic factors of the geological environment. Technogenic impact on the geological environment is classified according to various criteria, and is divided into global, zonal, regional and local categories. The authors rightly give preference to the following operating factors: pressure, fluctuations in the stress state, hydrogeological conditions, changes in the composition of groundwater, etc. Particular attention is paid to rock swelling, rock salinization and the influence of various microorganisms on rocks. In the article of the above authors, it is proposed to consider in detail the orohydrographic conditions of the studied geological environment, geomorphological conditions of the territory, geological structure, hydrogeological conditions (upstream, groundwater, interstratal waters), geo-dynamic conditions (all processes and phenomena expressed in a given territory), as well as to study the composition (mineral, granulometric, chemical), the state of rocks (moisture, density, porosity) and properties of rocks (strength, deformation and geological) - for a comprehensive assessment of the surrounding geological environment. Attention is also paid to the dynamic impact, i. e. the factors of liquefaction, thixotropy and other soil deformations are given.
{"title":"GEOECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF CHANGES IN ROCK PROPERTIES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOGENIC FACTORS","authors":"A. TATYANA S., P. NIKOLAY A.","doi":"10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-153-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-153-156","url":null,"abstract":"Technogenic impact on the geological environment inevitably leads to a change in the properties of rocks. Engineering structures quite often directly interact with rocks, therefore, reliable determination of their properties is an urgent task in construction. From a practical point of view, knowledge of not only the physical and mechanical properties of rocks, but also their characteristics in contact with technogenic impact is of great interest. This determines the relevance of studying the characteristics of changes in the properties of rocks under the influence of technogenic factors. The aim of the work is to consider the issues of changing the properties of rocks under the influence of technogenic factors of the geological environment. Technogenic impact on the geological environment is classified according to various criteria, and is divided into global, zonal, regional and local categories. The authors rightly give preference to the following operating factors: pressure, fluctuations in the stress state, hydrogeological conditions, changes in the composition of groundwater, etc. Particular attention is paid to rock swelling, rock salinization and the influence of various microorganisms on rocks. In the article of the above authors, it is proposed to consider in detail the orohydrographic conditions of the studied geological environment, geomorphological conditions of the territory, geological structure, hydrogeological conditions (upstream, groundwater, interstratal waters), geo-dynamic conditions (all processes and phenomena expressed in a given territory), as well as to study the composition (mineral, granulometric, chemical), the state of rocks (moisture, density, porosity) and properties of rocks (strength, deformation and geological) - for a comprehensive assessment of the surrounding geological environment. Attention is also paid to the dynamic impact, i. e. the factors of liquefaction, thixotropy and other soil deformations are given.","PeriodicalId":447976,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geography and Global Energy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133061321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21672/2077-6322-2021-82-3-056-066
S. ALEXANDER V., B. Alexander N., Maksimova OKSANA YU., K. IRINA V., P. IVAN O.
Land resources are one of the most important resources in the environmental management system. This resource is necessary for almost all types of human activity: agriculture, construction, industry, mining, recreation, etc. According to the intended purpose in the Land Code of the Russian Federation, lands are divided into seven categories, differing from each other in the economic and legal regime of use. One of these categories is agricultural land. This category of land includes territories necessary for obtaining agricultural products or other purposes related to agriculture, as well as they are geographically distributed outside settlements. Lands of this category of designated purpose are characterized by a high level of anthropogenic impact (agro-preparatory processing of the territory, obtaining agricultural products, placement and grazing of livestock), which significantly affects the indicators of natural biodiversity downward. In order to study the state of land resources in the South of Russia, an analysis was made of the dynamics of changes in the area of agricultural land in the regions that are part of the Southern Federal District. The relevance of the work lies in the study of the current state of agricultural land in the South of Russia. The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of changes in the area of agricultural land in the period from 2009 to 2019. Statistical and analytical methods of geographical research were involved in the work, information was searched for on the state of lands of this category of lands in a certain period of time. In the course of the work, information was collected on the state of agricultural land in each of the regions that are part of the Southern Federal District and the features of changes in the area of land of this category were determined.
{"title":"CURRENT STATE OF THE DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN THE AREAS OF LAND FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA","authors":"S. ALEXANDER V., B. Alexander N., Maksimova OKSANA YU., K. IRINA V., P. IVAN O.","doi":"10.21672/2077-6322-2021-82-3-056-066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21672/2077-6322-2021-82-3-056-066","url":null,"abstract":"Land resources are one of the most important resources in the environmental management system. This resource is necessary for almost all types of human activity: agriculture, construction, industry, mining, recreation, etc. According to the intended purpose in the Land Code of the Russian Federation, lands are divided into seven categories, differing from each other in the economic and legal regime of use. One of these categories is agricultural land. This category of land includes territories necessary for obtaining agricultural products or other purposes related to agriculture, as well as they are geographically distributed outside settlements. Lands of this category of designated purpose are characterized by a high level of anthropogenic impact (agro-preparatory processing of the territory, obtaining agricultural products, placement and grazing of livestock), which significantly affects the indicators of natural biodiversity downward. In order to study the state of land resources in the South of Russia, an analysis was made of the dynamics of changes in the area of agricultural land in the regions that are part of the Southern Federal District. The relevance of the work lies in the study of the current state of agricultural land in the South of Russia. The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of changes in the area of agricultural land in the period from 2009 to 2019. Statistical and analytical methods of geographical research were involved in the work, information was searched for on the state of lands of this category of lands in a certain period of time. In the course of the work, information was collected on the state of agricultural land in each of the regions that are part of the Southern Federal District and the features of changes in the area of land of this category were determined.","PeriodicalId":447976,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geography and Global Energy","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116738373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-053-058
F. NADEZHDA F.
The relevance of the work: due to the scientific justification of the results of regional studies on the geological structure of the northern water area of the Caspian Sea, using the latest data of geological and geophysical materials. The purpose of the study is to analyze the materials of field geophysical studies and drilling data of search and evaluation wells for the geological study of this territory. The methodology of the study was carried out on the basis of data processing of field geophysics materials - seismic, gravity and well drilling. Results. The author summarized the extensive material obtained in the course of geological exploration in the northern water area of the Caspian Sea, which allowed us to study and give a general idea of its deep structure. Conclusions. The geological and geophysical study of the water area of the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea is characterized by large-scale geological exploration. When solving the problems made a significant amount of synthesis of scientific research and analysis geological and geophysical data to assess the hydrocarbon potential of the studied region. This allowed for the first time in the studied part of the water area to form a single information space for building a detailed seismogeological model. Based on the results of these works, the geological and tectonic structure of this area was clarified, and a number of promising structural objects were identified.
{"title":"RESULTS OF REGIONAL STUDIES OF THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE NORTHERN CASPIAN SEA","authors":"F. NADEZHDA F.","doi":"10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-053-058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-053-058","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the work: due to the scientific justification of the results of regional studies on the geological structure of the northern water area of the Caspian Sea, using the latest data of geological and geophysical materials. The purpose of the study is to analyze the materials of field geophysical studies and drilling data of search and evaluation wells for the geological study of this territory. The methodology of the study was carried out on the basis of data processing of field geophysics materials - seismic, gravity and well drilling. Results. The author summarized the extensive material obtained in the course of geological exploration in the northern water area of the Caspian Sea, which allowed us to study and give a general idea of its deep structure. Conclusions. The geological and geophysical study of the water area of the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea is characterized by large-scale geological exploration. When solving the problems made a significant amount of synthesis of scientific research and analysis geological and geophysical data to assess the hydrocarbon potential of the studied region. This allowed for the first time in the studied part of the water area to form a single information space for building a detailed seismogeological model. Based on the results of these works, the geological and tectonic structure of this area was clarified, and a number of promising structural objects were identified.","PeriodicalId":447976,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geography and Global Energy","volume":"676 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132418359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-114-124
Bozieva ZHANNA CH., A. ELEONORA A., I. ABDULLAX B.
The negative effects of global climate change and the impact of rising surface air temperatures are already evident. Among the many echoes of these processes are the melting of glaciers, the reduction of the ice cover of the northern seas, the gradual disappearance of permafrost, sea level rise, soil erosion, and extreme weather events such as floods, hurricanes, droughts, and forest fires. As a result, the world's freshwater resources, public health and the well-being of the environment are under threat. Annually renewable fresh water resources, represented by the annual flow of rivers, are of undoubted value. Our goal was to identify the relationship of meteorological parameters, such as surface air temperature and precipitation in the high-altitude region of the Central Caucasus, with water consumption in the lowland territory of the Caucasus on the example of the river.Terek (art. Kotlyarevskaya). These studies are particularly valuable from the point of view of the relationship between climate change and its further impact on the hydrological cycle of the lowland regions of the Caucasus. In the course of the research, the relationship was revealed, indicating that the distribution of river flow over the territory of the Caucasus corresponds to the distribution of the annual amounts of surface air temperature and the annual amounts of atmospheric precipitation.
{"title":"RESEARCH OF METEOROLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE CAUCASUS REGION","authors":"Bozieva ZHANNA CH., A. ELEONORA A., I. ABDULLAX B.","doi":"10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-114-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-114-124","url":null,"abstract":"The negative effects of global climate change and the impact of rising surface air temperatures are already evident. Among the many echoes of these processes are the melting of glaciers, the reduction of the ice cover of the northern seas, the gradual disappearance of permafrost, sea level rise, soil erosion, and extreme weather events such as floods, hurricanes, droughts, and forest fires. As a result, the world's freshwater resources, public health and the well-being of the environment are under threat. Annually renewable fresh water resources, represented by the annual flow of rivers, are of undoubted value. Our goal was to identify the relationship of meteorological parameters, such as surface air temperature and precipitation in the high-altitude region of the Central Caucasus, with water consumption in the lowland territory of the Caucasus on the example of the river.Terek (art. Kotlyarevskaya). These studies are particularly valuable from the point of view of the relationship between climate change and its further impact on the hydrological cycle of the lowland regions of the Caucasus. In the course of the research, the relationship was revealed, indicating that the distribution of river flow over the territory of the Caucasus corresponds to the distribution of the annual amounts of surface air temperature and the annual amounts of atmospheric precipitation.","PeriodicalId":447976,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geography and Global Energy","volume":"282 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116258473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-068-073
M. DARYA A., K. EVGENIY V.
Topicality: The problem of groundwater protection from pollution is nowadays an important part of environmental surveys. Due to the fact that the large scale of drainage works aimed at providing normal conditions for construction and operation of open pits lead to significant changes and disturbance of the natural regime of groundwater, monitoring of the state of water resources is an urgent task. Purpose: The purpose is to predict the impact of drainage system on groundwater, the development of a geofiltration model, which will allow to predict in detail the conditions of formation of filtration flow, level, quantity of reserves and quality composition of groundwater in the zone of influence of the quarry and the surrounding area. Method: Method of complex substantiation of optimal forecasting scheme with the help of created model. Results of the work: The results of the study of the state of groundwater before the Lebedinsky deposit and after. It was revealed that disturbed groundwater regime in the area of JSC Lebedinsky GOK pit location and in the adjacent territory depends on the Lebedinsky pit drainage system. To predict the impact of the drainage system on groundwater together with "Tsentrogiproruda" was created geofiltration model, which allowed a detailed prediction of the conditions of filtration flow formation in the zone of influence of the quarry. Conclusions: A slight decrease in groundwater levels in the area of the quarry and in the adjacent territory, as well as a decrease in groundwater reserves of "RSU" water intakes on the Albian-Cenomanian aquifer, which is in the zone of influence of the drainage system of the quarry, is predicted. Expansion of the quarry and the development of dumps will not lead to a change in the quality composition of groundwater.
{"title":"GEOFILTRATION MODELING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LEBEDINSKY UNDERGROUND WATER","authors":"M. DARYA A., K. EVGENIY V.","doi":"10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-068-073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21672/2077-6322-2021-81-2-068-073","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality: The problem of groundwater protection from pollution is nowadays an important part of environmental surveys. Due to the fact that the large scale of drainage works aimed at providing normal conditions for construction and operation of open pits lead to significant changes and disturbance of the natural regime of groundwater, monitoring of the state of water resources is an urgent task. Purpose: The purpose is to predict the impact of drainage system on groundwater, the development of a geofiltration model, which will allow to predict in detail the conditions of formation of filtration flow, level, quantity of reserves and quality composition of groundwater in the zone of influence of the quarry and the surrounding area. Method: Method of complex substantiation of optimal forecasting scheme with the help of created model. Results of the work: The results of the study of the state of groundwater before the Lebedinsky deposit and after. It was revealed that disturbed groundwater regime in the area of JSC Lebedinsky GOK pit location and in the adjacent territory depends on the Lebedinsky pit drainage system. To predict the impact of the drainage system on groundwater together with \"Tsentrogiproruda\" was created geofiltration model, which allowed a detailed prediction of the conditions of filtration flow formation in the zone of influence of the quarry. Conclusions: A slight decrease in groundwater levels in the area of the quarry and in the adjacent territory, as well as a decrease in groundwater reserves of \"RSU\" water intakes on the Albian-Cenomanian aquifer, which is in the zone of influence of the drainage system of the quarry, is predicted. Expansion of the quarry and the development of dumps will not lead to a change in the quality composition of groundwater.","PeriodicalId":447976,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geography and Global Energy","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133569452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21672/2077-6322-2021-82-3-049-055
S. DIANA R., T. VITALY O., O. MAXIM A.
According to the data of long-term observations, the assessment of the degree of impact of copper and zinc on the ecosystem of the shallow part of the estuarine coast of the Volga River was carried out. There are the ideas of the marginal filter and the assimilation capacity were used in the article. The calculation of the assimilation capacity for a marginal filter significantly based on the dimensional characteristics, such as the estuarine region of the Volga River, was carried out at several points located within the estuarine seashore. In this work the century-old sections of the state observation network were used. It can be seen from the calculated data that the value of the assimilation capacity is subject to significant intra-and inter-annual fluctuations. The main parameter determining the volume of the assimilation capacity of copper and zinc is fairly called the flow of the Volga River. According to the results of the study, it can be argued that the observed level of copper and zinc runoff into the Caspian Sea is completely assimilated in the shallow part of the seashore.
{"title":"ASSIMILATION CAPACITY OF THE MARGINAL FILTER OF THE ECOSYSTEM OF THE ESTUARINE COAST OF THE VOLGA","authors":"S. DIANA R., T. VITALY O., O. MAXIM A.","doi":"10.21672/2077-6322-2021-82-3-049-055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21672/2077-6322-2021-82-3-049-055","url":null,"abstract":"According to the data of long-term observations, the assessment of the degree of impact of copper and zinc on the ecosystem of the shallow part of the estuarine coast of the Volga River was carried out. There are the ideas of the marginal filter and the assimilation capacity were used in the article. The calculation of the assimilation capacity for a marginal filter significantly based on the dimensional characteristics, such as the estuarine region of the Volga River, was carried out at several points located within the estuarine seashore. In this work the century-old sections of the state observation network were used. It can be seen from the calculated data that the value of the assimilation capacity is subject to significant intra-and inter-annual fluctuations. The main parameter determining the volume of the assimilation capacity of copper and zinc is fairly called the flow of the Volga River. According to the results of the study, it can be argued that the observed level of copper and zinc runoff into the Caspian Sea is completely assimilated in the shallow part of the seashore.","PeriodicalId":447976,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geography and Global Energy","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133604443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21672/2077-6322-2021-82-3-082-092
K. GALINA V., S. OLGA N., T. SVETLANA E.
One of the key problems of territorial delimitation of linear facilities is the presence of a large number of legal acts that regulate certain types of linear facilities. Besides, there is inconsistency of general and special legislation. We strongly believe that when defining a linear facility, it is necessary to take into account the industry specificity of such objects, as well as the presence of natural and technogenic areas, which are an integral part of the technological process of using these facilities. The findings of the study demonstrate that features of a linear facility are reflected in the content and procedure for preparing design documentation for such an object.
{"title":"INTERCUTTING AND PLANNING OF NATURAL TECHNOGENIC AND GEOGRAPHICAL TERRITORIES WHEN PLACING LINEAR FACILITIES","authors":"K. GALINA V., S. OLGA N., T. SVETLANA E.","doi":"10.21672/2077-6322-2021-82-3-082-092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21672/2077-6322-2021-82-3-082-092","url":null,"abstract":"One of the key problems of territorial delimitation of linear facilities is the presence of a large number of legal acts that regulate certain types of linear facilities. Besides, there is inconsistency of general and special legislation. We strongly believe that when defining a linear facility, it is necessary to take into account the industry specificity of such objects, as well as the presence of natural and technogenic areas, which are an integral part of the technological process of using these facilities. The findings of the study demonstrate that features of a linear facility are reflected in the content and procedure for preparing design documentation for such an object.","PeriodicalId":447976,"journal":{"name":"Geology, Geography and Global Energy","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123694162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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