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Impact of land use and climate change on forest reserves in Ghana 加纳土地利用和气候变化对森林储备的影响
IF 1.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2022.2070768
Samuel Nana Safo Kantanka, Michael Addaney, J. A. Akudugu, D. Anaafo, Richmond Quaye Apeatse, Loretta Clarke
ABSTRACT Using supervised classified Landsat 7 images ETM – 2000 and 2010 and Landsat 8 images – 2020, this study examines the various Land Use Land Cover Changes (LULCC) in the Bosomkese forest reserve in Ghana. The study recorded significant changes in all the various forest covers driven predominately by illegal logging, bushfires, illegal farming, and agricultural expansion projects within the reserve. These results suggest that there is a need for stringent punishment for culprits involved in forest illegalities, capacity-building interventions and participatory forest management by the Forestry Commission, environmental management institutions, and forest fringe communities to protect the forest reserve.
本研究利用监督分类的Landsat 7图像ETM - 2000和2010以及Landsat 8图像- 2020,研究了加纳Bosomkese森林保护区的各种土地利用和土地覆盖变化(LULCC)。该研究记录了各种森林覆盖的显著变化,这些变化主要是由保护区内的非法采伐、森林火灾、非法耕作和农业扩张项目造成的。研究结果表明,林业委员会、环境管理机构和森林边缘社区应加强对森林违法犯罪分子的严厉惩罚,加强能力建设和参与式森林管理,以保护森林保护区。
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引用次数: 2
The hidden safety net: wild and semi-wild plant consumption and dietary diversity among women farmers in Southwestern Burkina Faso 隐藏的安全网:布基纳法索西南部女农民的野生和半野生植物消费和饮食多样性
IF 1.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2022.2074481
J. Servin, William G. Moseley
ABSTRACT Mainstream development thinking suggests that increasing agricultural production will increase wealth and lead to improved diets. However, in Burkina Faso, even better off rural areas are still experiencing widespread nutrition insecurity. Wild plants play a key role in rural diets and serve as a nutritional safety net. This research investigates the use of wild plants for dietary diversity among women rice farmers and their households in southwestern Burkina Faso. We use data collected through semi-structured interviews with 131 women over the 2016–2020 period. We find that wild foods are important for dietary diversity, especially for poor households.
摘要主流发展思想认为,增加农业生产将增加财富,改善饮食。然而,在布基纳法索,即使富裕的农村地区仍然普遍存在营养不安全问题。野生植物在农村饮食中发挥着关键作用,是一个营养安全网。这项研究调查了布基纳法索西南部女稻农及其家庭对野生植物的饮食多样性利用情况。我们使用了2016-2020年期间通过对131名女性的半结构化访谈收集的数据。我们发现,野生食物对饮食多样性很重要,尤其是对贫困家庭来说。
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引用次数: 2
Forgotten territories: the uneven geography of FDI in Africa and the case studies of Burundi, Central African Republic, Comoros, the Gambia, Guinea-Bissau and São Tomé and Príncipe 被遗忘的领土:非洲外国直接投资的不均衡地理分布以及对布隆迪、中非共和国、科摩罗、冈比亚、几内亚比绍和<s:1>刚果<s:1>和Príncipe的个案研究
IF 1.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2022.2073241
Kauê Lopes dos Santos
ABSTRACT Considering the uneven geography of foreign direct investment in Africa, this article examines political, demographic and infrastructural factors that have led six countries – Burundi, Central African Republic, Comoros, the Gambia, Guinea Bissau and São Tomé and Príncipe – to be the least attractive territories to the external capital. This paper investigates the extent to which political stability, qualification of labor, potential consumer market, regional integration, and infrastructure play a central role in attracting investments. It also debates Geography’s role in investigating African countries’ particularities to avoid common generalizations, which are still disseminated by Afro-Optimism and Afro-Pessimist perspectives.
考虑到外国直接投资在非洲的地理分布不均,本文研究了导致布隆迪、中非共和国、科摩罗、冈比亚、几内亚比绍和和Príncipe这六个国家成为对外部资本最不具吸引力的地区的政治、人口和基础设施因素。本文研究了政治稳定、劳动力素质、潜在消费市场、区域一体化和基础设施在吸引投资方面发挥核心作用的程度。它还讨论了地理在调查非洲国家特殊性方面的作用,以避免普遍的概括,这种概括仍然被非洲乐观主义和非洲悲观主义观点所传播。
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引用次数: 0
The risk and associated control problems of Human African Trypanosomosis (HAT) in the endemic foci of Greater Equatoria Region, South Sudan 南苏丹大赤道区流行疫源地非洲人类锥虫病的风险和相关控制问题
IF 1.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-25 DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2022.2063141
Yatta S. Lukou, D. O. Atari, K. Sube, J. Lako, E. Ochi, I. Elrayah
ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze, map, and identify the prevalence of, service provision for, and risk distribution and control for Human African Trypanosomosis (HAT), or sleeping sickness, in the endemic areas of Greater Equatoria Region (GER), including Eastern, Central, and Western Equatoria States of South Sudan. Passive and active screening data, detection data, and existing facilities and centers for sleeping sickness were used to assess the prevalence, screening coverage, and overall risk in the region for the 2016–2018 period. In addition, historical literature and surveillance information were used. The results show that 0.43% (N = 14,552) of the total at-risk population (N = 3,399,400) of GER were subjected to passive or active screening for Gambian HAT (gHAT), which showed an infection rate of 0.30%. Out of the total area of 196,211 km2, 58.77% of the region (115,311 km2) was found to be endemic to HAT. The population remains at high or very high risk for the disease in Western Equatoria State due to a number of active historic gHAT foci. With relative peace currently prevailing in the region, there is need to reinforce the leadership of South Sudan’s health ministry with sufficient internal and external resources to support its activities.
本研究旨在分析、绘制和确定大赤道地区(GER)流行地区(包括南苏丹东部、中部和西部赤道州)非洲人类锥虫病(HAT)或昏睡病的流行、服务提供、风险分布和控制。使用被动和主动筛查数据、检测数据以及现有的昏睡病设施和中心来评估该地区2016-2018年期间的患病率、筛查覆盖率和总体风险。此外,还利用了历史文献和监测资料。结果显示,有0.43% (N = 14,552)的GER高危人群(N = 3,399,400)接受了Gambian HAT (gHAT)被动或主动筛查,感染率为0.30%。在总面积196211平方公里中,有58.77%(115311平方公里)为HAT特有区。由于一些历史上活跃的gHAT疫点,西赤道州的人口仍然处于该病的高风险或极高风险。由于该地区目前相对和平,有必要加强南苏丹卫生部的领导,提供足够的内部和外部资源来支持其活动。
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引用次数: 0
Does joint agricultural decision-making improve food security among smallholder farmers? 联合农业决策能提高小农的粮食安全吗?
IF 1.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-17 DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2022.2063140
Kamaldeen Mohammed, E. Batung, M. Kansanga, Hanson Nyantakyi-Frimpong, I. Luginaah
ABSTRACT Household agricultural decision-making is crucial in navigating household food insecurity amid increasing climate change and variability. In smallholder farming contexts in Ghana and other parts of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), decision-making is often the culturally ascribed role of the male family head. Yet joint household decision-making has the potential to leverage the diverse knowledge and capacities of household members to meet the nutritional and dietary needs of households. Using a cross-sectional survey involving 1100 smallholder farmer households, we examined the association between intra-household decision-making arrangements and food security in northern Ghana. Results from the logistic regression analysis indicated that households that practiced joint decision-making (OR = 1.71; p ≤ 0.001) had significantly higher odds of being food secure compared to households that practiced sole decision-making. Other noteworthy socio-economic and agricultural practices that were significantly associated with household food security included household size, marriage type, wealth, and post-harvest loss. The findings have demonstrated that household decision-making arrangements influence how household members negotiate and reconcile preferences in the allocation of resources and consequentially household food security outcomes. Therefore, policies that seek to address food insecurity and other socio-economic challenges in such contexts must critically consider household decision-making arrangements. Gender transformative policy approaches that are inclusive of both women and men in a comprehensive dialog on collective cooperation in household decision-making and control of productive resources should be employed.
摘要:在气候变化和可变性不断增加的情况下,家庭农业决策对于解决家庭粮食不安全问题至关重要。在加纳和撒哈拉以南非洲其他地区的小农农业中,决策往往是男性户主在文化上所扮演的角色。然而,家庭联合决策有可能利用家庭成员的不同知识和能力来满足家庭的营养和饮食需求。通过对1100个小农户的横断面调查,我们研究了加纳北部家庭内部决策安排与粮食安全之间的关系。逻辑回归分析的结果表明,与实行单独决策的家庭相比,实行联合决策的家庭(OR=1.71;p≤0.001)获得粮食安全的几率显著更高。与家庭粮食安全密切相关的其他值得注意的社会经济和农业做法包括家庭规模、婚姻类型、财富和收获后损失。研究结果表明,家庭决策安排影响家庭成员如何协商和协调资源分配中的偏好,从而影响家庭粮食安全结果。因此,在这种情况下寻求解决粮食不安全和其他社会经济挑战的政策必须认真考虑家庭决策安排。在关于家庭决策和生产资源控制方面的集体合作的全面对话中,应采用男女都能参与的性别变革政策方法。
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引用次数: 9
Motivations for participating in community development in rural and urban Ghana 参与加纳城乡社区发展的动机
IF 1.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2022.2054436
Richard Serbeh, P. Adjei, D. Forkuor
ABSTRACT This paper examines the motivations for participating in community development in rural and urban districts in Ghana. Participation resulted from three motivations: shared responsibility, good of the community and requirement of a good citizen. The paper found no statistically significant difference between motivations and gender, age and education. However, there was a statistically significant difference between motivations and location. The paper argues that participation in rural and urban areas may not result from similar motives. This suggests a rethink of the influence of locational factors on motives for participating in community development..
本文探讨了加纳农村和城市地区参与社区发展的动机。参与产生于三个动机:共同的责任、社区的利益和对一个好公民的要求。该论文发现动机与性别、年龄和教育程度之间没有统计学上的显著差异。然而,动机和地点之间存在统计学上的显著差异。论文认为,农村和城市地区的参与可能不是出于类似的动机。这建议重新思考区位因素对参与社区发展动机的影响。。
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引用次数: 1
Spatial driving forces of dominant land use/land cover transformations in Bako Tibe District, West Shewa, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚西谢瓦Bako Tibe地区主要土地利用/土地覆盖变化的空间驱动力
IF 1.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2022.2054440
Beka Keno, Mikias Biazen Molla, F. Yimer
ABSTRACT This study was designed to examine the trends of LULC transformation and driving forces over the last 35 years (1986 – 2020) in Bako Tibe District, Ethiopia. Results showed that cultivation and shrubland were dominant covering more than two-thirds of the total area. Trend analysis showed that cultivated land (33.26%) and built-up area (2.71%) increased over the years. In contrast, wetland, shrub and grassland had declined by 13.04%, 13.7% and 7.35%, respectively. The majority (96%) of respondents perceived expansion of cultivated land (81.1%) and wood extraction (73.6%) as principal proximate drivers while population growth (92.6) as the underlying factor.
本研究旨在研究过去35年(1986 - 2020年)埃塞俄比亚Bako Tibe地区土地利用价值(LULC)转化的趋势及其驱动力。结果表明,林地和灌丛林地占总面积的三分之二以上。趋势分析表明,耕地面积(33.26%)和建成区面积(2.71%)逐年增加。湿地、灌丛和草地分别减少了13.04%、13.7%和7.35%。大多数(96%)的受访者认为耕地扩张(81.1%)和木材开采(73.6%)是主要的近似驱动因素,而人口增长(92.6%)是潜在因素。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of rainfall characteristics of the early and late growing seasons during significant years of extreme little dry season in southwestern Nigeria 尼日利亚西南部极端少旱季显著年生长季早期和晚期的降雨特征评估
IF 1.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2022.2054437
A. O. Adeyefa
ABSTRACT The study assessed rainfall characteristics of early growing season (EGS) and late growing season (LGS) during significant years of extreme little dry season (LDS) in southwestern Nigeria using 39 years’ daily rainfall totals. LDS’s rainfall of 16 years including 1982, 1997, 2000, and 2017 (Abeokuta); 1994 (Benin); 1987 and 2008 (Ikeja); 1989, 1995, 2006, and 2018 (Ilorin); 1988, 1997, and 2007 (Ibadan); and 1995 and 2017 (Ondo) were significant (α = 0.05 (upper and lower tailed) with the critical value Z = 1.645). While 13 years were positively significant, only 3 were negative. Increased LDS’s rainfall has reduced the EGS and LGS’s lengths, consequently distorting the timing of agriculturally important rainfall characteristics.
本研究利用39年的日总降雨量,评估了尼日利亚西南部极端少旱季(LDS)显著年的早生季(EGS)和晚生季(LGS)降雨特征。1982年、1997年、2000年、2017年等16年LDS降水量(Abeokuta);1994(贝宁);1987年和2008年(Ikeja);1989年、1995年、2006年、2018年(伊洛林);1988年、1997年和2007年(伊巴丹);1995年和2017年(Ondo)显著(α = 0.05(上尾和下尾),临界值Z = 1.645)。虽然13年是积极的,但只有3年是消极的。LDS降雨量的增加减少了EGS和LGS的长度,从而扭曲了农业上重要的降雨特征的时间。
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引用次数: 1
Managing the environment: issues and priority actions for sustainable waste management in Uganda 管理环境:乌干达可持续废物管理的问题和优先行动
IF 1.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-27 DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2022.2054438
Sampson Edodi
ABSTRACT Several priority actions are required to ensure a healthy environment for all. One of the priority actions is to collect and manage wastes effectively and efficiently. In this theoretical study, we give a global waste management outlook, examined Africa’s waste management outlook and the impact of improper waste management, and focus on the issues and priority actions for sustainable waste management in Uganda. Further, the paper put forward that first, we should design the public sector waste reduction framework, which currently exists in most societies including the United Nations Environment. Second, design the private sector waste reduction framework, which is currently lacking in most societies. And third, develop an overlapping mechanism that would generate a stronger and more productive collaboration between the public sector and the private sector. Finally, the study advances a sustainable inclusive waste management framework to operationalize the priority actions in managing wastes in informal settlements.
摘要:需要采取多项优先行动,以确保人人享有健康的环境。优先行动之一是有效和高效地收集和管理废物。在这项理论研究中,我们提出了全球废物管理展望,考察了非洲的废物管理展望和不当废物管理的影响,并重点关注乌干达可持续废物管理的问题和优先行动。此外,该文件提出,首先,我们应该设计公共部门减少废物的框架,这一框架目前存在于包括联合国环境规划署在内的大多数社会中。其次,设计私营部门减少废物的框架,这是目前大多数社会所缺乏的。第三,建立一个重叠机制,使公共部门和私营部门之间的合作更加有力和富有成效。最后,该研究提出了一个可持续的包容性废物管理框架,以实施非正规住区废物管理的优先行动。
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引用次数: 3
World city making by branding: insights from Cape Town and Johannesburg 通过品牌打造世界城市:来自开普敦和约翰内斯堡的见解
IF 1.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1080/19376812.2022.2054439
Sören Scholvin
ABSTRACT Cities engage in branding to present themselves as attractive locations. Some seek to gain recognition as world cities this way. The article identifies liveable environments with inclusive societies, events/mega-events, and iconic architecture as key components of such strategies. These thoughts are applied to Cape Town and Johannesburg. The former brands itself as an ‘opportunity city.’ It fits well into world city making through attraction as a place to live and work, and a related focus on the knowledge elite. Johannesburg, meanwhile, presents itself as the ‘gateway’ to Africa against the backdrop of infrastructures for communication, finance, and transport.
城市通过品牌塑造将自己呈现为具有吸引力的地点。一些城市试图通过这种方式获得世界城市的认可。本文将宜居环境与包容性社会、活动/大型活动和标志性建筑确定为此类战略的关键组成部分。这些想法适用于开普敦和约翰内斯堡。前者标榜自己是一座“机遇之城”。“通过作为生活和工作场所的吸引力,以及对知识精英的关注,它很好地适应了世界城市的建设。”与此同时,约翰内斯堡在通讯、金融和交通等基础设施的背景下,将自己定位为通往非洲的“门户”。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
African Geographical Review
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