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Understanding the drivers of the live bird trade in Brazil 了解巴西活禽贸易的驱动因素
IF 1.4 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-01-07 DOI: 10.15451/ec2024-01-13.05-1-19
Luane Maria Melo Azeredo, Romulo Romeu Nobrega Alves
In this work we sought to evaluate the factors that influence the public's interest in wild birds sold as pets in Brazil, and the relationship of those factors with new occurrences of birds outside their natural range. We compiled the richness of bird species traded in Brazil and obtained comparative data of public interest directed to these species through the Google Trend tool. In addition, we gathered data on biological attributes and the sale price of the species in the trade, to analyze which factors would be related to public interest. Then, factors related to public interest were used to assess whether there was a relationship with these new occurrences. The main founds indicated that the public interest is greater for songbirds, omnivores, which live in more open environments and are sold at lower prices. All those factors also showed to be related to the birds that presented new occurrences. The public's preference for birds more generalist and from more open environments are important results, as such factors generally indicate greater environmental tolerance, which may favor the establishment of these birds in new environments. Therefore, it is likely that species releases or escape from captivity, combined with their life history attributes, may favor the establishment of isolates in new environments. Thus, the present results demonstrate that actions aimed at the conservation of commercialized species are essential to reduce the interregional trade of species, and consequently reduce the impact on natural populations and reduce the potential for new biological introductions.
在这项工作中,我们试图评估影响巴西公众对作为宠物出售的野生鸟类的兴趣的因素,以及这些因素与鸟类在其自然分布区以外的新出现之间的关系。我们汇编了在巴西交易的鸟类物种的丰富程度,并通过谷歌趋势工具获得了公众对这些物种兴趣的比较数据。此外,我们还收集了交易物种的生物属性和销售价格数据,以分析哪些因素与公众兴趣有关。然后,利用与公众兴趣相关的因素来评估这些新出现的物种是否与公众兴趣有关。主要研究结果表明,公众对生活在更开放环境中的杂食性鸣禽更感兴趣,其售价也更低。所有这些因素也都与新出现的鸟类有关。公众偏好更多的杂食性鸟类和来自更开放环境的鸟类是一个重要的结果,因为这些因素通常表明鸟类对环境的耐受力更强,这可能有利于这些鸟类在新环境中立足。因此,物种放归或从圈养环境中逃逸,再加上其生活史属性,很可能有利于分离株在新环境中的建立。因此,本研究结果表明,旨在保护商业化物种的行动对于减少物种的区域间贸易至关重要,从而减少对自然种群的影响,降低新生物入侵的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Traditional ecological knowledge of mangrove wood use on the Brazilian Amazon coast 巴西亚马逊沿岸红树林木材使用的传统生态知识
IF 1.4 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.15451/ec2024-01-13.03-1-19
Madson Lucas Galvão, Tatiane Medeiros Rodrigues, Iêdo Souza Santos, Marcus Emanuel Barroncas Fernandes
Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) has been widely used and valued as a reliable source of information in the development of research on the various uses of the forest. Here, the socio-environmental factors that affect the traditional knowledge of extractivists about the uses of mangrove wood in an estuarine-coastal community in the Brazilian Amazon region were analyzed. The grouping of words evoked in semi-structured interviews with 108 local informants highlighted the lexicons that best express the use of mangrove wood. Factorial correspondence analysis was used to assess the intersection between words and age groups, helping to indicate respondents' TEK of these uses. Most respondents say that wood is used for domestic (family) purposes, mainly charcoal and weir, and that these purposes and applications were taught by the older generation of the community. The traditional uses of the species Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia germinans, and Laguncularia racemosa have been validated by the scientific literature through their technological properties. From this validation, a relevant contribution is to include the participation of users in intervention processes by using their TEK, making the planning process of preventive conservation strategies and management proposals more efficient, promoting the reduction of a future advance deforestation in this region. Likewise, such information is relevant to guide the social actors involved in the implementation of public policies, favouring the creation of new alternatives and solutions for better management and use of wood resources in mangrove areas.
传统生态知识(TEK)作为一种可靠的信息来源,在森林各种用途的研究发展中得到了广泛应用和重视。本文分析了影响巴西亚马逊地区一个河口海岸社区采掘者关于红树林木材用途的传统知识的社会环境因素。对 108 名当地信息提供者进行的半结构式访谈中唤起的词汇分组突出了最能表达红树林木材用途的词汇。采用因子对应分析法评估了词语与年龄组之间的交集,有助于说明受访者对这些用途的传统知识。大多数受访者表示,木材用于家庭(家庭)用途,主要是木炭和围堰,而这些用途和应用是由社区的老一辈人传授的。Rhizophora mangle、Avicennia germinans 和 Laguncularia racemosa 树种的传统用途已通过其技术特性得到科学文献的验证。通过这一验证,一个相关的贡献是让使用者利用其传统知识参与干预过程,使预防性保护战略和管理建议的规划过程更加有效,促进减少该地区未来的过度砍伐。同样,这些信息对于指导参与实施公共政策的社会行动者也很重要,有利于创造新的替代方案和解决方案,更好地管理和使用红树林地区的木材资源。
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引用次数: 0
Politics of Knowledge in Conservation: (De)valued Traditional Ecological Knowledge of Bote in Chitwan National Park, Nepal 保护中的知识政治:尼泊尔奇特旺国家公园博特传统生态知识的(去)价值化
IF 1.4 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.15451/ec2024-01-13.04-1-13
Indra Mani Rai, Rebat Kumar Dhakal
Political ecology studies have mostly explored the conflicts that arise between local communities and Indigenous peoples' (IPs') vulnerability to sustainable livelihoods based on nature and conservation regimes. Even in the context of the change in conservation tactics towards active community involvement and socioeconomic development, which has reinforced the fortress conservation strategy, traditional ways of life and the lived traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) of IPs are under jeopardy. Nevertheless, the studies give little consideration to the way in which TEK is (de)valued for bolstering fortress conservation at the expense of IPs' livelihoods unsustainability. This study investigates the (de)valuation of TEK of Bote embedded in their traditional livelihoods through conservation management, based on a critical ethnographic investigation carried out in two villages of Bote IPs (in the Buffer Zone area) of Nawalparasi district of Chitwan National Park (CNP) –southern lowlands of Nepal. We argue that TEK is paralyzed by a conservation regime without acknowledging the symbiotic relationship between IPs and biodiversity.  Therefore, in order to conserve biodiversity and support the mutual sustainability of biodiversity and local livelihoods, there needs to be active guardianship and stewardship of IPs.
政治生态学研究主要探讨了当地社区与土著人民(IPs)在自然和保护制度基础上的可持续生计脆弱性之间产生的冲突。即使在保护策略向积极的社区参与和社会经济发展转变,从而加强了堡垒保护战略的背景下,土著人民的传统生活方式和活生生的传统生态知识(TEK)也岌岌可危。然而,这些研究很少考虑到传统生态知识(TEK)是如何以牺牲土著居民生计的不可持续性为代价来支持要塞保护的。本研究通过对尼泊尔南部低地奇旺国家公园(CNP)纳瓦尔帕拉西县博特 IPs 的两个村庄(缓冲区内)进行批判性人种学调查,研究了通过保护管理嵌入博特人传统生计的 TEK 的(去)价值。我们认为,传统知识、技术和创新能力(TEK)因保护制度而瘫痪,不承认知识产权与生物多样性之间的共生关系。 因此,为了保护生物多样性,支持生物多样性和当地生计的共同可持续性,需要积极监护和管理知识产权。
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引用次数: 0
A Bibliometric Analysis Concerning Local Ecological Knowledge on Elasmobranchs and Chimaeras 有关箭鱼和奇马的地方生态知识的文献计量分析
IF 1.4 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.15451/ec2023-12-12.25-1-19
Marina Custodio Nascimento, Sérgio Ricardo Santos, Marcelo Vianna
The absence of historical data on endangered species poses a conservation and socio-environmental problem. It is currently estimated that about one-third of all Chondrichthyes are under some level of threat, with knowledge gaps for many species. The aim of this research was to carry out a scientometric analysis on the scientific production concerning Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) on Chondrichthyes. Searches on the subject were carried out at the SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The retrieved publications were assessed and sorted by a list of  inclusion criteria, totaling 120 articles. The findings indicate that studies concerning LEK applied to Chondrichthyes assessments have recently gained relevance. The studies were published in a wide variety of journals and by researchers from different countries. Most research was aimed at marine ecosystems, and interviewees were usually professional fishers. From 179 studied Chondrichthyes, most are large sharks with conspicuous diagnostic characters, such as Galeocerdo cuvier, Isurus oxyrinchus and Sphyrna lewini, mainly in publications focused on fisheries. Studies addressing ethnoknowledge as a historical data collection source are undoubtedly paramount, and the need for further investments aiming at research in countries with scarce data addressing other actors, themes and scarcely studied taxa, is clear.
缺乏濒危物种的历史数据是一个保护和社会环境问题。据估计,目前约有三分之一的软骨鱼类受到某种程度的威胁,许多物种的知识都存在空白。本研究旨在对有关软骨鱼类地方生态知识(LEK)的科学成果进行科学计量分析。在 SciELO、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行了相关搜索。根据纳入标准清单对检索到的出版物进行了评估和分类,共计 120 篇文章。研究结果表明,有关应用于软骨鱼类评估的 LEK 的研究最近变得越来越重要。这些研究发表在各种期刊上,由来自不同国家的研究人员进行。大多数研究针对的是海洋生态系统,受访者通常是专业渔民。在研究的 179 种软骨鱼类中,大多数是具有明显诊断特征的大型鲨鱼,如 Galeocerdo cuvier、Isurus oxyrinchus 和 Sphyrna lewini,主要发表在以渔业为重点的出版物上。将人种知识作为历史数据收集来源的研究无疑是最重要的,而且显然需要进一步投资,在数据稀缺的国家开展针对其他参与者、主题和研究稀少的分类群的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of local ecological knowledge versus camera trapping to establish terrestrial wildlife baselines in community hunting territories within the Yangambi landscape in the Democratic Republic of Congo 在刚果民主共和国Yangambi景观内的社区狩猎区建立陆地野生动物基线的当地生态知识与相机陷阱的比较
Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.15451/ec2023-09-12.19-1-14
Nathalie van Vliet, Francesco Rovero, Jonas Muhindo, Jonas Nyumu, Emmanuela Mbangale, Sagesse Nziavake, Paolo Cerutti, Robert Nasi, Simón Quintero
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引用次数: 0
Como inserir mais sociobiodiversidade na alimentação escolar na Amazônia brasileira? 如何在巴西亚马逊地区的学校供餐中加入更多的社会生物多样性?
Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.15451/ec2023-09-12.21-1-7
Daniel Tregidgo, Juliana Kelly da Silva Maia, Elenilma Barros da Silva, Jessica Cardoso Lopes, Juliana Rodrigues Larrosa Oler, Fernanda Maria de Freitas Viana, Neide Rigo, João Valsecchi, Valdinei Lemos Lopes, Elias Jacob de Menezes Neto, Michelle Cristine Medeiros Jacob
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引用次数: 0
Management of captive Passeriformes in eastern Amazonia: the bird keepers 东亚马逊地区圈养雀形目动物的管理:鸟类饲养者
Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.15451/ec2023-07-12.16-1-14
Samantha Ribeiro da Silva, Brenda Braga, Juliane da Silva Costa, Marília da Costa Ribeiro, Deise Lima Cardoso, Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimo, Pedro Chaves Baía Júnior, Diva Anelie de Araújo Guimarães
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引用次数: 0
Hunting in Indonesian New Guinea: dogs, conservation and culture 印尼新几内亚的狩猎:狗、保护和文化
Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.15451/ec2023-09-12.20-1-11
Freddy Pattiselanno, Janice K.F. Lloyd, Andrew Krockenberger, Agustina Y.S. Arobaya, Douglas Sheil
Hunting has an ambivalent relationship with conservation: it can deplete and threaten vulnerable wildlife but can also motivate protection and good stewardship. Here we advance the understanding of this relationship by examining the different forms of hunting in one community with a particular focus on the motivations and implications surrounding the use of dogs. We present a case study from Indonesian New Guinea. We use self-reported information concerning the hunting activities and success of thirty-three hunters who frequent the lowland costal forest of Tambrauw in West Papua Province. The hunters identified 301 successful kills in a total of 654 hours of hunting over a 7-month period. Five different prey species were reported. In declining order of kills there were the Timor deer ( Cervus timorensis ), Wild pig ( Sus scrofa ), Common spotted cuscus ( Spilocuscus maculatus ), Dusky pademelon ( Thylogale brunii ) and Grizzled tree kangaroo ( Dendrolagus inustus ). While hunting with guns was the least frequently used method it was the most effective while passive methods (traps and snares) was the least efficient in terms of time (49 hours with 50 kills), but also the most commonly employed (352 hours with 123 kills) Interestingly, active hunting without dogs or guns yielded more kills per hour than hunting with them (0.70 versus 0.38 kills per hour), especially for deer, but hunting with dogs is the only method that seems to favour pigs over deer. Hunting in the daytime was more effective for pigs and less effective for all other species regardless of method. Dogs are also valued for guarding hunters and their families (from animals, enemies and spirits). We find that dogs sometimes provoke conflicts and cause other problems. Hunting method impacts the quantity and composition of the hunt, but as we see for dog ownership and use also relates to other practices. More attention should be given to local hunting and the methods used.
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引用次数: 0
Engaging with Indigenous Water Realities: Agricultural Cycle Rituals and Oral Tradition 与土著水资源现实接触:农业循环仪式和口头传统
IF 1.4 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.15451/ec2023-08-12.18-1-15
Jahzeel Aguilera Lara, Andrés Camou Guerrero, David Montoya, A. Casas, Víctor M. Toledo
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引用次数: 0
Perceived efficiency and local consensus as factors shaping medicinal plant knowledge 感知效率和当地共识是形成药用植物知识的因素
IF 1.4 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Pub Date : 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.15451/ec2023-08-12.17-1-20
Daniel Carvalho Pires Sousa, W. S. Ferreira Júnior, Yasmim Antonino Costa dos Santos, Joelson Moreno Brito de Moura, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Ethnobiology and Conservation
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