Nasal glial heterotopia (NGH) is a benign congenital malformation wherein abnormally located mature brain (glial) tissue presents as a mass on the forehead or nasal root area. Rarity of this condition makes clinical level diagnosis a challenge. Differential diagnoses for NGH are dermoid cyst, encephalocoele, hemangioma, allergic nasal polyp, or chronic otitis media. NGH has no direct communication with intracranial cavity, unlike an encephalocoele. However, potential intracranial connection is possible, through cribriform plate or bony deformities. Therefore, pre-operative aspiration and biopsies are contraindicated in childhood swellings in forehead/nasal bridge area. Instead, pre-operative imaging modality investigations are mandatory. It is also important to note the risk for the removal of functional brain tissue and also post-operative meningitis or cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. A 1-year-old female child presented with a mass on nasal bridge. Overlying skin was unremarkable. Swelling did not increase in size on coughing. Diagnosis: Dermoid cyst/encephalocoele. Computed tomography (CT) scan investigation: CT scan confirmed the diagnosis of nasal encephalocoele > nasal dermoid. The mass was excised. Histopathology (histopathological examination [HPE]): The excised specimen was a single, unencapsulated, ovoid, and soft to firm, yellow-colored tissue bit, measuring 2.5 cm × 2 cm × 1 cm. On cut section, there were no cystic areas/spongy appearance/mucoid bits. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections revealed a poorly circumscribed mass, showing a population of cells with ovoid or irregular nuclei and a fibrillary stroma – resembling cerebral and glial tissue. These were arranged in a disorganized fashion and were surrounded by fibrous tissue and few skeletal muscle fibers. All HPE findings point toward the diagnosis of NGH. It is important to consider NGH as a differential, in case of childhood swellings in the forehead and nasal root region. Histopathology remains the gold standard for diagnosis.
鼻神经胶质异位(NGH)是一种良性先天性畸形，其中异常位置的成熟脑(神经胶质)组织在前额或鼻根区域表现为肿块。这种情况的罕见性使得临床水平的诊断具有挑战性。NGH的鉴别诊断为皮样囊肿、脑膨出、血管瘤、过敏性鼻息肉或慢性中耳炎。与脑膨出不同，NGH与颅内腔没有直接联系。然而，潜在的颅内连接是可能的，通过筛板或骨畸形。因此，术前抽吸和活检是儿童前额/鼻梁区肿胀的禁忌。相反，术前影像学检查是强制性的。同样重要的是要注意切除功能性脑组织和术后脑膜炎或脑脊液鼻漏的风险。1岁女童鼻梁肿块。上面的皮肤没什么特别的。咳嗽时肿胀没有增大。诊断:皮样囊肿/脑膨出。CT扫描调查:CT扫描确诊为鼻脑膨出>鼻皮样。肿块被切除了。组织病理学检查(hi病理学检查[HPE]):切除标本为单个，未包被，卵球形，软至硬，黄色组织位，大小为2.5 cm × 2 cm × 1 cm。切面未见囊性、海绵状、黏液样碎屑。苏木精和伊红染色切片显示一个界限不清的肿块，显示卵形或不规则细胞核的细胞群和类似大脑和神经胶质组织的原纤维基质。它们排列无序，被纤维组织和少量骨骼肌纤维包围。所有HPE结果都指向NGH的诊断。在儿童时期前额和鼻根区域肿胀的情况下，重要的是考虑NGH作为鉴别。组织病理学仍然是诊断的金标准。
{"title":"Nasal Glial Heterotopia in a 1-Year-Old Child – A Case Report: Histopathology is the Ultimate Gold Standard for Diagnosis!!","authors":"A. Gundawar, S. Joshi","doi":"10.15713/ins.mmj.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15713/ins.mmj.41","url":null,"abstract":"Nasal glial heterotopia (NGH) is a benign congenital malformation wherein abnormally located mature brain (glial) tissue presents as a mass on the forehead or nasal root area. Rarity of this condition makes clinical level diagnosis a challenge. Differential diagnoses for NGH are dermoid cyst, encephalocoele, hemangioma, allergic nasal polyp, or chronic otitis media. NGH has no direct communication with intracranial cavity, unlike an encephalocoele. However, potential intracranial connection is possible, through cribriform plate or bony deformities. Therefore, pre-operative aspiration and biopsies are contraindicated in childhood swellings in forehead/nasal bridge area. Instead, pre-operative imaging modality investigations are mandatory. It is also important to note the risk for the removal of functional brain tissue and also post-operative meningitis or cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. A 1-year-old female child presented with a mass on nasal bridge. Overlying skin was unremarkable. Swelling did not increase in size on coughing. Diagnosis: Dermoid cyst/encephalocoele. Computed tomography (CT) scan investigation: CT scan confirmed the diagnosis of nasal encephalocoele > nasal dermoid. The mass was excised. Histopathology (histopathological examination [HPE]): The excised specimen was a single, unencapsulated, ovoid, and soft to firm, yellow-colored tissue bit, measuring 2.5 cm × 2 cm × 1 cm. On cut section, there were no cystic areas/spongy appearance/mucoid bits. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections revealed a poorly circumscribed mass, showing a population of cells with ovoid or irregular nuclei and a fibrillary stroma – resembling cerebral and glial tissue. These were arranged in a disorganized fashion and were surrounded by fibrous tissue and few skeletal muscle fibers. All HPE findings point toward the diagnosis of NGH. It is important to consider NGH as a differential, in case of childhood swellings in the forehead and nasal root region. Histopathology remains the gold standard for diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":448362,"journal":{"name":"MMJ-A Journal by MIMER Medical College, Pune, India","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114947862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Viral hepatitis is a group of distinct diseases caused by picornaviruses which leads to the inflammation of liver parenchyma. Hepatitis B virus is transmitted through mucosal or percutaneous contact with infected blood and other body fluids, particularly semen and vaginal fluid. It runs a chronic course and may lead to chronic liver diseases, liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. With the increasing number of invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, there is an increasing risk of infection to the auxiliary healthcare workers. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the level of awareness of hepatitis B infection, its risk factors, and vaccination among the auxiliary healthcare workers, nurses, and interns and to impart the knowledge of hepatitis B and promote the importance of preventive techniques to avoid the infection and its ill effects. Study Setting: This study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, MIMER Medical College and Dr. BSTR Hospital, Talegaon Dabhade, Pune, Maharashtra. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 50 Class III and 130 Class IV workers, 150 nurses, and 100 interns working with our hospital. Participants were provided with a questionnaire of their category and responses were tabulated for data analysis. Results: It was observed that about 91.42% of nurses, 37.50% of healthcare workers, and all of the interns were aware of hepatitis B infection and its characteristics. More than 80% of them had completed the full course of vaccination against hepatitis B, except for Class III/IV workers. Adequate safety measures were followed by a major share of the nurses and interns. Many of them were aware of the correct biomedical waste management practices, except for a few workers. Conclusion: Hepatitis B viral infection is a silent deadly disease. There is much less awareness of this disease even among the people who are at a greater risk. Thus, there is a need to enhance the knowledge of safe occupational practices.
{"title":"Hepatitis B: Awareness, Risk Perception, Vaccination, and Challenges among Different Health-care Providers in a Medical College","authors":"C. Maria, S. Pratinidhi","doi":"10.15713/ins.mmj.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15713/ins.mmj.40","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Viral hepatitis is a group of distinct diseases caused by picornaviruses which leads to the inflammation of liver parenchyma. Hepatitis B virus is transmitted through mucosal or percutaneous contact with infected blood and other body fluids, particularly semen and vaginal fluid. It runs a chronic course and may lead to chronic liver diseases, liver failure, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. With the increasing number of invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, there is an increasing risk of infection to the auxiliary healthcare workers. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the level of awareness of hepatitis B infection, its risk factors, and vaccination among the auxiliary healthcare workers, nurses, and interns and to impart the knowledge of hepatitis B and promote the importance of preventive techniques to avoid the infection and its ill effects. Study Setting: This study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, MIMER Medical College and Dr. BSTR Hospital, Talegaon Dabhade, Pune, Maharashtra. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 50 Class III and 130 Class IV workers, 150 nurses, and 100 interns working with our hospital. Participants were provided with a questionnaire of their category and responses were tabulated for data analysis. Results: It was observed that about 91.42% of nurses, 37.50% of healthcare workers, and all of the interns were aware of hepatitis B infection and its characteristics. More than 80% of them had completed the full course of vaccination against hepatitis B, except for Class III/IV workers. Adequate safety measures were followed by a major share of the nurses and interns. Many of them were aware of the correct biomedical waste management practices, except for a few workers. Conclusion: Hepatitis B viral infection is a silent deadly disease. There is much less awareness of this disease even among the people who are at a greater risk. Thus, there is a need to enhance the knowledge of safe occupational practices.","PeriodicalId":448362,"journal":{"name":"MMJ-A Journal by MIMER Medical College, Pune, India","volume":"511 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116204380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Medical professionals play an important role in modern society. Throughout history, the medical profession has played an important role in transforming the society. Today though, the scenario is different and there is a total breakdown of trust and confidence on both sides between patients and health-care professionals. If health-care professionals desire to be able to correct this perception and ensure that violence against doctors is reduced, there is a need to take urgent and corrective action in this regard. This article looks at some of the measures that can be undertaken to ensure that future health-care practice in India regains its lost recognition and respect.
{"title":"Redefining Medical Practice for the Next Decade","authors":"Gayatri More, D. J. Souza","doi":"10.15713/ins.mmj.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15713/ins.mmj.39","url":null,"abstract":"Medical professionals play an important role in modern society. Throughout history, the medical profession has played an important role in transforming the society. Today though, the scenario is different and there is a total breakdown of trust and confidence on both sides between patients and health-care professionals. If health-care professionals desire to be able to correct this perception and ensure that violence against doctors is reduced, there is a need to take urgent and corrective action in this regard. This article looks at some of the measures that can be undertaken to ensure that future health-care practice in India regains its lost recognition and respect.","PeriodicalId":448362,"journal":{"name":"MMJ-A Journal by MIMER Medical College, Pune, India","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127371660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Primary ovarian melanoma is considered arising from mature cystic teratoma which is extremely rare condition. As best of our knowledge till date only 49 cases has been reported worldwide. Most cases are associated with disseminated diseases and poor prognosis. We present here a case of a 45 yr lady in perimenopausalage group, came with c/o heavy menstrual bleeding since 1 month and irregular menses since 1 year. The cofirm diagnosis was made on the basis immunohistochemistry. Primary ovarian malignant melanoma is a definite entity and is associated with poor prognosis. Differential diagnosis is difficult for pathologist as it has to be differentiated from metastatic disease. The mainstay treatment of this disease is complete surgical debulking, however chemotherapy and immunotherapy has some role but patient outcome is unpredictable.
{"title":"A Case of Primary Malignant Melanoma of Ovary","authors":"Swati Sudhakar Ghunage, M. Pawar, P. Bagade","doi":"10.15713/ins.mmj.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15713/ins.mmj.42","url":null,"abstract":"Primary ovarian melanoma is considered arising from mature cystic teratoma which is extremely rare condition. As best of our knowledge till date only 49 cases has been reported worldwide. Most cases are associated with disseminated diseases and poor prognosis. We present here a case of a 45 yr lady in perimenopausalage group, came with c/o heavy menstrual bleeding since 1 month and irregular menses since 1 year. The cofirm diagnosis was made on the basis immunohistochemistry. Primary ovarian malignant melanoma is a definite entity and is associated with poor prognosis. Differential diagnosis is difficult for pathologist as it has to be differentiated from metastatic disease. The mainstay treatment of this disease is complete surgical debulking, however chemotherapy and immunotherapy has some role but patient outcome is unpredictable.","PeriodicalId":448362,"journal":{"name":"MMJ-A Journal by MIMER Medical College, Pune, India","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121950722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Unskilled agricultural workers are vulnerable to occupational induced health problems. Working in pesticide intensive environment of a polyhouse can lead to various health hazards. There are not many Indian studies regarding health risks and safety practices among floriculture workers and magnitude of the problem in India. Aims and Objectives: To assess occupational morbidities in polyhouse workers in floriculture industry in rural Maharashtra. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken in 6 floriculture units of Floriculture Park. Sociodemographic, work and health related variables were recorded using a pretested structured questionnaire. Clinical examination and laboratory investigations were done by medical experts. Results: Overall morbidity was 89.83%, with respiratory problems prevalent in 66.94%, followed by musculoskeletal problems (62.5%). Itching was reported by 42(35.59%) of the study population. Three forth female workers and 23% male workers had pallor. Conclusion: Alarmingly high prevalence (93%) of occupational morbidities found in our study underlines the need of health education to the workers as well as guidelines for safe occupational practices to the owners of the farms
{"title":"Assessment of Occupational Health of Workers in Floriculture Industry in Rural Maharashtra","authors":"A. Dandekar, S. Raje, Prajakta G. Kadale","doi":"10.15713/ins.mmj.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15713/ins.mmj.38","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Unskilled agricultural workers are vulnerable to occupational induced health problems. Working in pesticide intensive environment of a polyhouse can lead to various health hazards. There are not many Indian studies regarding health risks and safety practices among floriculture workers and magnitude of the problem in India. Aims and Objectives: To assess occupational morbidities in polyhouse workers in floriculture industry in rural Maharashtra. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken in 6 floriculture units of Floriculture Park. Sociodemographic, work and health related variables were recorded using a pretested structured questionnaire. Clinical examination and laboratory investigations were done by medical experts. Results: Overall morbidity was 89.83%, with respiratory problems prevalent in 66.94%, followed by musculoskeletal problems (62.5%). Itching was reported by 42(35.59%) of the study population. Three forth female workers and 23% male workers had pallor. Conclusion: Alarmingly high prevalence (93%) of occupational morbidities found in our study underlines the need of health education to the workers as well as guidelines for safe occupational practices to the owners of the farms","PeriodicalId":448362,"journal":{"name":"MMJ-A Journal by MIMER Medical College, Pune, India","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125529464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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