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Deep learning methods for fingerprint-based indoor positioning: a review 基于指纹的室内定位深度学习方法综述
IF 2.3 Q4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/17489725.2020.1817582
Fahad Al-homayani, M. Mahoor
ABSTRACT Outdoor positioning systems based on the Global Navigation Satellite System have several shortcomings that have deemed their use for indoor positioning impractical. Location fingerprinting, which utilizes machine learning, has emerged as a viable method and solution for indoor positioning due to its simple concept and accurate performance. In the past, shallow learning algorithms were traditionally used in location fingerprinting. Recently, the research community started utilizing deep learning methods for fingerprinting after witnessing the great success and superiority these methods have over traditional/shallow machine learning algorithms. This paper provides a comprehensive review of deep learning methods in indoor positioning. First, the advantages and disadvantages of various fingerprint types for indoor positioning are discussed. The solutions proposed in the literature are then analyzed, categorized, and compared against various performance evaluation metrics. Since data is key in fingerprinting, a detailed review of publicly available indoor positioning datasets is presented. While incorporating deep learning into fingerprinting has resulted in significant improvements, doing so, has also introduced new challenges. These challenges along with the common implementation pitfalls are discussed. Finally, the paper is concluded with some remarks as well as future research trends.
摘要基于全球导航卫星系统的室外定位系统存在一些缺点,认为其用于室内定位不切实际。位置指纹识别利用机器学习,由于其概念简单、性能准确,已成为室内定位的一种可行方法和解决方案。过去,浅层学习算法传统上用于位置指纹识别。最近,研究界在见证了深度学习方法相对于传统/浅层机器学习算法的巨大成功和优势后,开始将这些方法用于指纹识别。本文对室内定位中的深度学习方法进行了全面综述。首先,讨论了用于室内定位的各种指纹类型的优点和缺点。然后对文献中提出的解决方案进行分析、分类,并与各种性能评估指标进行比较。由于数据是指纹识别的关键,因此对公开的室内定位数据集进行了详细的回顾。虽然将深度学习纳入指纹识别带来了显著的改进,但这样做也带来了新的挑战。讨论了这些挑战以及常见的实现陷阱。最后,对本文进行了总结,并对未来的研究趋势进行了展望。
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引用次数: 41
GeoVisual analytics for understanding the distribution of speeding patterns on arterial roads: assessing the traffic safety of vulnerable road users 了解主干道上超速模式分布的GeoVisual分析:评估弱势道路使用者的交通安全
IF 2.3 Q4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/17489725.2020.1823497
I. Kveladze, N. Agerholm
ABSTRACT Arterial roads have operational significance and play a substantial role in the mobility of modern society. They make up the majority of road network in urban and rural areas and allow high-speed movement despite traffic-controlling elements. In densely populated areas where the presence of Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) is high, high-speed movement is problematic, and speed calming measures are needed to improve traffic safety, since many VRUs do crossroads, regardless of the road network regulations. These aspects have been researched in the traffic domain in a small scale, and not much has been investigated from a visualisation perspective. To provide comprehensive insights on the movement characteristics of arterial roads, we propose a GeoVisual Analytics (GVA) approach. GVA techniques are suitable solutions to display and extract knowledge from large amounts of Floating Car Data (FCD) collected through on-board devices of vehicles. By cross-sector collaboration between cartographic and traffic experts, five arterial road segments in Aalborg City were selected to answer where and when in particular VRUs do cross streets by ignoring traffic rules. Based on clusters of large unexplainable deviations from driving speed in FCD, the results uncovered meaningful patterns from complex traffic movements. They also allowed for the provision of some recommendations that are critical for traffic safety in urban areas.
摘要主干道在现代社会的流动性中具有重要的运营意义和重要作用。它们构成了城市和农村地区道路网络的大部分,尽管存在交通控制因素,但仍允许高速行驶。在人口稠密的地区,弱势道路使用者(VRU)的数量很高,高速行驶是有问题的,需要采取减速措施来提高交通安全,因为许多VRU都会十字路口,而不管道路网络法规如何。这些方面已经在交通领域进行了小规模的研究,从可视化的角度进行的研究并不多。为了全面了解主干道的运动特征,我们提出了一种GeoVisual Analytics(GVA)方法。GVA技术是从通过车辆车载设备收集的大量浮动车辆数据(FCD)中显示和提取知识的合适解决方案。通过制图专家和交通专家之间的跨部门合作,选择了奥尔堡市的五条主干道路段,以回答VRU在何时何地无视交通规则横穿街道的问题。基于FCD中驾驶速度的大量无法解释的偏差,结果揭示了复杂交通运动中有意义的模式。它们还允许提供一些对城市地区交通安全至关重要的建议。
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引用次数: 2
Epidemic contact tracing with smartphone sensors 使用智能手机传感器追踪流行病接触者
IF 2.3 Q4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/17489725.2020.1805521
K. Nguyen, Zhiyuan Luo, C. Watkins
ABSTRACT Contact tracing is widely considered as an effective procedure in the fight against epidemic diseases. However, one of the challenges for technology based contact tracing is the high number of false positives, questioning its trust-worthiness and efficiency amongst the wider population for mass adoption. To this end, this paper proposes a novel, yet practical smartphone-based contact tracing approach, employing WiFi and acoustic sound for relative distance estimate, in addition to the air pressure and the magnetic field for ambient environment matching. We present a model combining six smartphone sensors, prioritising some of them when certain conditions are met. We empirically verified our approach in various realistic environments to demonstrate an achievement of up to 95% fewer false positives, and 62% more accurate than Bluetooth-only system. To the best of our knowledge, this paper was one of the first work to propose a combination of smartphone sensors for contact tracing.
接触者追踪被广泛认为是抗击流行病的一种有效方法。然而,基于技术的接触者追踪面临的挑战之一是大量的假阳性,这质疑了其在更广泛人群中的信任价值和大规模采用的效率。为此,本文提出了一种新颖而实用的基于智能手机的接触追踪方法,除了使用气压和磁场进行环境匹配外,还使用WiFi和声学来估计相对距离。我们提出了一个结合了六个智能手机传感器的模型,当满足某些条件时,优先考虑其中一些传感器。我们在各种现实环境中实证验证了我们的方法,证明了与仅蓝牙系统相比,误报率降低了95%,准确率提高了62%。据我们所知,本文是最早提出用于接触追踪的智能手机传感器组合的工作之一。
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引用次数: 21
Smile, you’re being traced! Some thoughts about the ethical issues of digital contact tracing applications 笑一笑,你被跟踪了!关于数字接触追踪应用的伦理问题的一些思考
IF 2.3 Q4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/17489725.2020.1811409
Stéphane Roche
ABSTRACT In response to the current Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many countries are developing digital strategies for the identification of individuals who have been in contact with infected persons. Those strategies are mainly based on Contact Tracing applications. While the effectiveness of these technologies has not yet been demonstrated, and that their deployment conditions remain socially complex, they raise serious ethical questions. This paper presents an overview of the development of Contact Tracing and, suggests a reflection and possible solutions for their ethical and sustainable deployment through a more active and transparent citizen engagement.
摘要为了应对当前的冠状病毒严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型大流行,许多国家正在制定数字战略,以识别与感染者有过接触的个人。这些策略主要基于联系人追踪应用程序。虽然这些技术的有效性尚未得到证明,而且其部署条件在社会上仍然很复杂,但它们提出了严重的伦理问题。本文概述了接触者追踪的发展,并通过更积极和透明的公民参与,为其道德和可持续的部署提出了反思和可能的解决方案。
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引用次数: 8
Role of location-based mobile apps in city marketing: Beşiktaş as a student-friendly district 基于位置的移动应用程序在城市营销中的作用:be<e:1> iktaka作为一个学生友好的地区
IF 2.3 Q4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/17489725.2020.1788184
S. Akdag, Ahu Ergen
ABSTRACT In the age of globalisation and high competition among destinations, cities are empowered with new marketing tools to attract new residents and visitors while keeping their existing communities satisfied. Therefore, the main objective of the paper is to understand the role of location-based mobile applications among university students, who as members of the wired generation tend to use technology more than older generations. The secondary objective is to explore the most preferred location-based apps with their benefits and how they are used by the students to link themselves to the city and its services. Two focus groups are conducted with university students in Besiktas, which is claimed to be one of the most student-friendly environments in Istanbul. The findings reveal students’ preferences and reasoning for the use of location-based mobile apps. Apart from their satisfaction with the diversity of shopping, wayfinding, and geosocial networking apps, their concerns for digital privacy and personal data protection have become apparent. Further research is recommended for understanding the satisfaction and expectations of different user segments in the city since their evaluations might contribute to further develop and improve location-based services, and promote the city in the local and global markets.
摘要在全球化和目的地竞争激烈的时代,城市被赋予了新的营销工具,以吸引新的居民和游客,同时保持现有社区的满意度。因此,本文的主要目的是了解基于位置的移动应用程序在大学生中的作用,他们作为有线一代的成员,往往比老一辈更多地使用技术。次要目标是探索最受欢迎的基于位置的应用程序及其好处,以及学生如何使用这些应用程序将自己与城市及其服务联系起来。贝西克塔斯的大学生参加了两个焦点小组,据称贝西克塔斯是伊斯坦布尔最适合学生的环境之一。研究结果揭示了学生使用基于位置的移动应用程序的偏好和理由。除了对购物、寻路和地理社交网络应用程序的多样性感到满意外,他们对数字隐私和个人数据保护的担忧也变得显而易见。建议进行进一步的研究,以了解城市中不同用户群体的满意度和期望值,因为他们的评估可能有助于进一步发展和改进基于位置的服务,并在当地和全球市场上推广城市。
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引用次数: 3
Optimal route planning for stochastic time-dependent hitchhiker’s problem 随机时变搭便车问题的最优路线规划
IF 2.3 Q4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17489725.2019.1682202
O. Vedernikov, L. Kulik, K. Ramamohanarao
ABSTRACT Hitchhiking is a travel mode characterised by unpredictable travel times involving several possible combinations of lifts on roads. In this paper, we formulate a hitchhiker’s problem and develop a time-dependent stochastic route planning algorithm for hitchhikers. Namely, we introduce a concept of the stochastic time-dependent hitchhiking graph to find hitchhiking strategies with the least expected travel time or maximised reliability. We introduce various heuristics to prune the original hitchhiking graph to improve computational efficiency. We provide a complexity analysis of the problem and evaluate the proposed solution on real-world networks of several countries.
搭便车是一种旅行方式,其特征是不可预测的旅行时间,涉及道路上几种可能的电梯组合。本文提出了一个搭便车者问题,并提出了一个随时间变化的随机路线规划算法。也就是说,我们引入随机时间相关搭便车图的概念来寻找具有最小期望旅行时间或最大可靠性的搭便车策略。为了提高计算效率,我们引入了各种启发式方法对原始搭便车图进行剪枝。我们对该问题进行了复杂性分析,并在几个国家的实际网络中评估了提出的解决方案。
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引用次数: 2
Principles of dashboard adaptability to get insights into origin-destination data 仪表板适应性原则,以深入了解始发目的地数据
IF 2.3 Q4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/17489725.2020.1738577
I. Dobraja, M. J. Kraak
ABSTRACT Nowadays large amounts of movement data is available. This makes it important not only to be aware of how to collect and store this data, but also how to visually represent the information to get insights and “read” the story behind data. When visualising origin-destination data, the traditional flow map is the solution most often selected. A single flow map, however, does not necessarily show all the available attribute variables and also tends too clutter quickly.A more appropriate solution is a dashboard. It provides users with summaries of the represented information. Despite the dashboard suitability to support getting insights, current dashboards have some limitations regarding the flexibility of the layout. To overcome these limitations, we introduce adaptability in dashboards. In our case adaptability ensures that users get insights into the component of interest (space, time, or attribute) on 3 levels of detail. Adaptability is initiated by user tasks to resulting in changes in the visualizations of represented information and dashboard interfaces. We illustrate the concept of an adaptable dashboard with two case studies.
摘要:目前有大量的运动数据可供使用。因此,不仅要了解如何收集和存储这些数据,还要了解如何直观地表示这些信息以获得洞察力并“阅读”数据背后的故事。在可视化始发目的地数据时,传统的流程图是最常被选择的解决方案。然而,单个流映射并不一定显示所有可用的属性变量,而且也会很快变得过于混乱。更合适的解决方案是仪表板。它为用户提供所表示信息的摘要。尽管仪表板适合于支持获取见解,但当前的仪表板在布局的灵活性方面存在一些限制。为了克服这些限制,我们在仪表板中引入了适应性。在我们的例子中,适应性可以确保用户在3个细节层次上了解感兴趣的组件(空间、时间或属性)。适应性是由用户任务发起的,从而导致表示的信息和仪表板界面的可视化变化。我们通过两个案例研究来说明可适应仪表板的概念。
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引用次数: 4
Activity event recommendation and attendance prediction 活动活动推荐及上座率预测
IF 2.3 Q4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS Pub Date : 2019-09-16 DOI: 10.1080/17489725.2019.1660423
R. Mariescu-Istodor, A. S. Sayem, P. Fränti
ABSTRACT The recommendation problem has been widely studied and researchers are constantly searching for better methods. Recommending events is an even more difficult problem because there is no information such as ratings from past events. In this paper, we introduce a method for recommending activity events: activities hosted by one or more individuals which involve movement: walking, running, cycling, cross-country skiing, and driving to users who have location history such as trajectories, meetings, POI visits, and geo-tagged photos. We tested the method in a real environment in Mopsi platform: http://cs.uef.fi/mopsi/events. Although there are many location-based event recommendation systems in literature, this is to our knowledge the first system that recommends activity events like bicycle and skiing trips. The experiments show that we can predict whether a user is attending the event or not with 80% accuracy, which is significantly better than random chance (50%).
摘要推荐问题已经得到了广泛的研究,研究人员也在不断地寻找更好的方法。推荐事件是一个更困难的问题,因为没有过去事件的评级等信息。在本文中,我们介绍了一种推荐活动事件的方法:向有轨迹、会议、POI访问和地理标记照片等位置历史的用户推荐由一个或多个个人主持的涉及运动的活动:步行、跑步、骑自行车、越野滑雪和开车。我们在Mopsi平台的真实环境中测试了该方法:http://cs.uef.fi/mopsi/events.尽管文献中有许多基于地点的活动推荐系统,但据我们所知,这是第一个推荐自行车和滑雪等活动项目的系统。实验表明,我们可以预测用户是否参加活动,准确率为80%,明显优于随机机会(50%)。
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引用次数: 3
What is happening in the city? A case study for user-centred geovisualisation design 这个城市发生了什么?以用户为中心的地理可视化设计案例研究
IF 2.3 Q4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/17489725.2019.1630680
Damla Çay, T. Nagel, A. Yantaç
ABSTRACT For citizens, being aware of what is happening in their urban surroundings becomes challenging as more information from diverse sources becomes available. In this paper, we describe our user-centered approach of designing an interactive tool making use of urban data visualisations to facilitate people’s decisions about social and cultural events. After gathering the needs of urban actors through formative user studies, we identified beneficial data types and collected a variety of data sets from publicly accessible online sources. For the aim of enabling casual exploration of events in the city, we designed a set of geovisualisation prototypes and designed a variety of evaluative user studies based on established geovisualisation techniques. The main aim here is to enable casual exploration of events in the city more than the intended search for specific events. We developed two prototypes that make use of two different geovisualisations to represent events: Prototype A uses common location markers, and prototype B uses a novel glyph design to visualize more types of data at a glance. We share the lessons learned from the results of our study, which will inform the design of geographical data visualisations for citizens.
摘要对于市民来说,随着来自不同来源的信息越来越多,了解城市环境中发生的事情变得很有挑战性。在本文中,我们描述了我们以用户为中心的方法,即设计一种交互式工具,利用城市数据可视化来促进人们对社会和文化事件的决策。在通过形成性用户研究收集了城市参与者的需求后,我们确定了有益的数据类型,并从公开的在线来源收集了各种数据集。为了能够随意探索城市中的事件,我们设计了一套地理可视化原型,并根据既定的地理可视化技术设计了各种评估性用户研究。这里的主要目的是使人们能够随意探索城市中的事件,而不是有意搜索特定的事件。我们开发了两个原型,它们使用两种不同的地理可视化来表示事件:原型A使用常见的位置标记,原型B使用新颖的字形设计来一目了然地可视化更多类型的数据。我们分享从我们的研究结果中吸取的教训,这将为公民的地理数据可视化设计提供信息。
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引用次数: 3
Crowdsourced hotspot validation and data visualisation for location-based haze mitigation 基于位置的雾霾缓解的众包热点验证和数据可视化
IF 2.3 Q4 TELECOMMUNICATIONS Pub Date : 2019-06-21 DOI: 10.1080/17489725.2019.1619851
T. Aditya, Dany Laksono, Nur Izzahuddin
ABSTRACT Haze over Sumatera and Kalimantan has been a prolonged trans-boundary issue in South East Asia mainly due to setting fire to drained peatland. At present, fire sources (i.e. hotspots) are located based on satellite data. Sensors such as MODIS and AVHRR detect extremes in average temperatures of an area. The hotspots have low spatial resolution and large spatial footprints, thus making it harder to detect fires. This research proposed a ground-based spatial validation of satellite data based on crowdsourcing in order to obtain more accurate estimates of the location and severity of the fire. We developed an Android application for reporting and validating fires in peatlands. Crowd data collected were integrated with satellite hotspot data by the dashboard system as a monitoring platform for government agencies. The 110,888 hectares of Padang Island, in Riau Province, were chosen as the study area given its vulnerability to peatland fire and imminent danger of subsidence as the collateral effect of draining peatlands. Residents of Padang Island tested the use-case scenario of the app to assess its applicability. The study showed the potential use of mobile apps for local communities to help the government validate hotspots for haze mitigation.
苏门答腊和加里曼丹的雾霾一直是东南亚地区长期存在的跨境问题,其主要原因是排干的泥炭地着火。目前,火源(即热点)的定位是基于卫星数据。像MODIS和AVHRR这样的传感器可以探测到一个地区平均温度的极端值。热点的空间分辨率低,空间足迹大,因此更难探测到火灾。本研究提出了一种基于众包的卫星数据地基空间验证方法,以便更准确地估计火灾的位置和严重程度。我们开发了一个用于报告和验证泥炭地火灾的Android应用程序。通过仪表盘系统将采集到的人群数据与卫星热点数据进行整合,作为政府机构的监控平台。廖内省巴东岛的110,888公顷被选为研究区域,因为它容易受到泥炭地火灾的影响,而且由于泥炭地排水的附带影响,它有迫在眉睫的下沉危险。巴东岛的居民测试了应用程序的用例场景,以评估其适用性。该研究表明,当地社区可以使用移动应用程序来帮助政府确定缓解雾霾的热点地区。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
Journal of Location Based Services
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