Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1108/qrfm-08-2021-0142
Ahmet Coşkun Yıldırım, Erkan Erdil
Purpose This study aims to understand the impacts of Covid-19 on the progression of digitalization of banks in an emerging market. For this purpose, business model canvas (BMC) is used as a theoretical framework to explore these effects on each business elements of Turkish Banks’ business strategies. Design/methodology/approach Data are collected through structured interviews with the top managers of seven diversified banks. Interview questions are designed based on BMC. Findings The results show that the onset of the Covid-19 is a shock that has made digitalization a strategic issue that necessitates an urgent change in many business elements of banks such as customer relationships, communication channels, resource allocation, partnerships and financing. Further, it has stimulated redefining value proposition and collaboration/interaction among all financial institutions through digital platforms. Practical implications BMC can be used to explain decision-making and business processes of banks for exploring the effect of recent and/or unexpected developments in the business environment of an emerging economy. The results provide insights and recommendations to managers of financial institutions into the impacts of Covid-19 on banks’ operational and strategic processes. That allows financial institutions, including Fintechs, to use this information for taking precautions and proactive actions against shocks. Originality/value This study is an initial attempt to explore the impacts of the Covid-19 on banks in an emerging economy by using BMC. With that, this study contributes to the literature by explaining the effect of progression of digitalization in banking from a strategic business model perspective using a qualitative research method.
{"title":"The effect of Covid-19 on digital banking explored under business model approach","authors":"Ahmet Coşkun Yıldırım, Erkan Erdil","doi":"10.1108/qrfm-08-2021-0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-08-2021-0142","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to understand the impacts of Covid-19 on the progression of digitalization of banks in an emerging market. For this purpose, business model canvas (BMC) is used as a theoretical framework to explore these effects on each business elements of Turkish Banks’ business strategies.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Data are collected through structured interviews with the top managers of seven diversified banks. Interview questions are designed based on BMC.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results show that the onset of the Covid-19 is a shock that has made digitalization a strategic issue that necessitates an urgent change in many business elements of banks such as customer relationships, communication channels, resource allocation, partnerships and financing. Further, it has stimulated redefining value proposition and collaboration/interaction among all financial institutions through digital platforms.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000BMC can be used to explain decision-making and business processes of banks for exploring the effect of recent and/or unexpected developments in the business environment of an emerging economy. The results provide insights and recommendations to managers of financial institutions into the impacts of Covid-19 on banks’ operational and strategic processes. That allows financial institutions, including Fintechs, to use this information for taking precautions and proactive actions against shocks.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study is an initial attempt to explore the impacts of the Covid-19 on banks in an emerging economy by using BMC. With that, this study contributes to the literature by explaining the effect of progression of digitalization in banking from a strategic business model perspective using a qualitative research method.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45060,"journal":{"name":"Qualitative Research in financial Markets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49012622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.1108/qrfm-10-2022-0173
Md. Habibur Rahman, N. Chowdhury
Purpose This study aims to explore the prospects of istijrar financing in the Islamic banking of Bangladesh. Istijrar is a supply sale contract that facilitates recurrent transactions under a master agreement without needing a deal-to-deal agreement. Murabahah financing in Bangladesh is being criticized for Shari’ah violations, which can be minimized if istijrar financing is integrated and applied. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a qualitative approach, primarily using a semistructured interview method to collect the primary data. The study conducted 13 one-to-one interviews with leading Islamic banking experts in the country, including Shari’ah scholars, Islamic bankers and regulators. Besides, the study consults with classical and contemporary fiqhi sources to realize the status of istijrar sale in Islamic law. Thematic analysis is performed to explore the qualitative data. Findings The study finds that istijrar financing has great prospects in the Islamic banking of Bangladesh. Istijrar is applicable in consumer financing and can be offered as an alternative or supplement to murabahah. Also, postimport murabahah financing can be structured with istijrar, while it can also be used in export financing. Besides, a few challenges should be dealt with before offering istijrar, such as proper structure, lack of literacy, stakeholders’ awareness, Shari’ah and regulatory approval and alignment with the law of the land. Practical implications Murabahah financing is dominant on the asset side of Islamic banks’ balance sheets in Bangladesh. Murabahah practice in Bangladesh is frequently criticized for some possible Shari’ah violations. Also, more documents are needed for each murabahah operation, which eventually accelerates the costs. Applying istijrar would minimize these issues as it does not require a new contract for each deal. Multiple supplies can be done under a single agreement. Besides, istijrar reduces documentation hassle and transaction costs. Istijrar would be an easy practice and benefit the bank and its clients. Originality/value This study contributes to the body of knowledge and the Islamic banking industry. The existing studies have not adequately addressed the potential of istijrar in Islamic banking. In addition, this study will be an eye-opener for Islamic bankers to develop new products with istijrar.
本研究旨在探讨伊斯兰融资在孟加拉国伊斯兰银行的前景。Istijrar是一种供应销售合同,它促进了主协议下的经常性交易,而不需要交易对交易协议。孟加拉国的Murabahah融资因违反伊斯兰教法而受到批评,如果istijrar融资得到整合和应用,可以将其降至最低。设计/方法/方法本研究采用定性方法,主要采用半结构化访谈法收集原始数据。这项研究对该国主要的伊斯兰银行专家进行了13次一对一访谈,其中包括伊斯兰教法学者、伊斯兰银行家和监管机构。此外,本研究还查阅了古典和当代的伊斯兰教法资料,以了解伊斯兰教法中istijarar sale的地位。通过主题分析来挖掘定性数据。研究发现,伊斯兰融资在孟加拉国的伊斯兰银行业有很大的前景。Istijrar适用于消费者融资,可以作为murabahah的替代或补充。此外,post - port murabahah融资可以用istijar来构建,同时也可以用于出口融资。此外,在提供istijrar之前,应该处理一些挑战,例如适当的结构,缺乏文化,利益相关者的意识,伊斯兰教法和监管批准以及与土地法的一致性。在孟加拉国伊斯兰银行的资产负债表上,smurabahah融资占主导地位。孟加拉国的Murabahah做法经常被批评可能违反伊斯兰教法。此外,每次murabahah操作都需要更多的文件,这最终会增加成本。应用istijrar可以最大限度地减少这些问题,因为它不需要为每笔交易签订新合同。在一份协议下可以进行多次供应。此外,istijrar减少了文档麻烦和交易成本。Istijrar将是一种简单的做法,对银行及其客户都有利。原创性/价值本研究有助于知识体系和伊斯兰银行业。现有的研究并没有充分讨论伊斯兰银行的istijrar潜力。此外,这项研究将使伊斯兰银行家与istijrar一起开发新产品。
{"title":"The prospects of istijrar financing in Islamic banking: an exploratory study in Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Habibur Rahman, N. Chowdhury","doi":"10.1108/qrfm-10-2022-0173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-10-2022-0173","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to explore the prospects of istijrar financing in the Islamic banking of Bangladesh. Istijrar is a supply sale contract that facilitates recurrent transactions under a master agreement without needing a deal-to-deal agreement. Murabahah financing in Bangladesh is being criticized for Shari’ah violations, which can be minimized if istijrar financing is integrated and applied.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The study uses a qualitative approach, primarily using a semistructured interview method to collect the primary data. The study conducted 13 one-to-one interviews with leading Islamic banking experts in the country, including Shari’ah scholars, Islamic bankers and regulators. Besides, the study consults with classical and contemporary fiqhi sources to realize the status of istijrar sale in Islamic law. Thematic analysis is performed to explore the qualitative data.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The study finds that istijrar financing has great prospects in the Islamic banking of Bangladesh. Istijrar is applicable in consumer financing and can be offered as an alternative or supplement to murabahah. Also, postimport murabahah financing can be structured with istijrar, while it can also be used in export financing. Besides, a few challenges should be dealt with before offering istijrar, such as proper structure, lack of literacy, stakeholders’ awareness, Shari’ah and regulatory approval and alignment with the law of the land.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000Murabahah financing is dominant on the asset side of Islamic banks’ balance sheets in Bangladesh. Murabahah practice in Bangladesh is frequently criticized for some possible Shari’ah violations. Also, more documents are needed for each murabahah operation, which eventually accelerates the costs. Applying istijrar would minimize these issues as it does not require a new contract for each deal. Multiple supplies can be done under a single agreement. Besides, istijrar reduces documentation hassle and transaction costs. Istijrar would be an easy practice and benefit the bank and its clients.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study contributes to the body of knowledge and the Islamic banking industry. The existing studies have not adequately addressed the potential of istijrar in Islamic banking. In addition, this study will be an eye-opener for Islamic bankers to develop new products with istijrar.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45060,"journal":{"name":"Qualitative Research in financial Markets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47897322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-11DOI: 10.1108/qrfm-11-2021-0195
Z. Orhan, S. Zaheer, F. Kazancı
Purpose This paper aims to achieve two goals: first, to evaluate the existing interest-free monetary policy tools in the major Islamic financial hubs of Malaysia, Pakistan and Bahrain and; second, to suggest how monetary policy tools in Turkey can be used in other countries. Design/methodology/approach This study follows a qualitative research method based on literature review, comparison, evaluation and design. Findings The policy rate cannot be used due to Shariah concerns. The reserve requirement depends on qard, and the reserves should be kept separately in the central bank. In terms of ijarah sukuk, Shariah concerns should be taken into account and a new structure, as displayed in Figure 3, should be followed. Government investment certificates can be used as an interest-free monetary policy tool. A genuine mudarabah interbank investments can also be used. Wadiah acceptance with no habitual gift can be used as well, and Tawarruq and central bank notes are not preferable due to Shariah concerns as well. Having said that, a Turkey-based tawarruq platform can be structured for others to use instead of applying to London. Originality/value This paper’s unique suggestion is to develop an interbank taqaruz market and a taqaruz method with the central bank. It is also unique for Turkey in the subject.
{"title":"Evaluating the current interest-free monetary policy tools and suggesting a new one: case of Turkey via examples of Malaysia, Pakistan, and Bahrain","authors":"Z. Orhan, S. Zaheer, F. Kazancı","doi":"10.1108/qrfm-11-2021-0195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-11-2021-0195","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to achieve two goals: first, to evaluate the existing interest-free monetary policy tools in the major Islamic financial hubs of Malaysia, Pakistan and Bahrain and; second, to suggest how monetary policy tools in Turkey can be used in other countries.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study follows a qualitative research method based on literature review, comparison, evaluation and design.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The policy rate cannot be used due to Shariah concerns. The reserve requirement depends on qard, and the reserves should be kept separately in the central bank. In terms of ijarah sukuk, Shariah concerns should be taken into account and a new structure, as displayed in Figure 3, should be followed. Government investment certificates can be used as an interest-free monetary policy tool. A genuine mudarabah interbank investments can also be used. Wadiah acceptance with no habitual gift can be used as well, and Tawarruq and central bank notes are not preferable due to Shariah concerns as well. Having said that, a Turkey-based tawarruq platform can be structured for others to use instead of applying to London.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper’s unique suggestion is to develop an interbank taqaruz market and a taqaruz method with the central bank. It is also unique for Turkey in the subject.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45060,"journal":{"name":"Qualitative Research in financial Markets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42061654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-04DOI: 10.1108/qrfm-03-2022-0048
Fathullah Asni, Afiffudin Mohammed Noor, Muhamad Husni Hasbulah
Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the management of cash waqf fund generation through the implementation of istibdal in Kedah. Design/methodology/approach The data are obtained through literature and empirical data. The authors first review the literature on the importance of waqf fundraising, the implementation factors of istibdal waqf and the relevance of istibdal method as a waqf fund generation medium to understand the extent to which the scholarly articles have discussed these topics. Furthermore, the authors conducted face-to-face interviews with two Kedah Islamic Religious Council (Majlis Agama Islam Kedah [MAIK]) officers, who were directly involved in the affairs of istibdal waqf to obtain holistic information regarding implementing istibdal waqf properties in Kedah. As a result, several themes are defined from the interview data before being analysed based on the content analysis method. Findings The results of the study show two istibdal implementation processes outlined by the Kedah Islamic Religious Council (MAIK), namely, the istibdal implementation process for waqf land registered title deed, and waqf land registered as reserve certificate for religious use like mosque and cemetery. The results also showed three factors in implementing istibdal in Kedah: the acquisition of waqf land by the state authority (PBN), istibdal application by the state education department (JPN) and istibdal application by the mosque committee. Out of eight cases of istibdal implementation, four have generated cash funds for MAIK through investment methods from the sale of waqf lands and rental of replaced shophouses that are able to cover the expenses of managing waqf properties in Kedah. Several suggestions are also recommended for MAIK to improve its istibdal policy, thus enabling the institution to generate cash waqf funds at the maximum rate. Research limitations/implications This study only focused on the implementation factors and the generation of cash waqf funds through istibdal in Kedah, while it can be expanded to other states like Terengganu, Kelantan and Penang. Furthermore, this study only interviewed officers who manage matters related to the affairs of waqf properties, as the session can actually be extended to other respondents, such as those specialising in cash fund generation investments and others. Practical implications This study proposed some improvements to the policy and guidelines of istibdal waqf property to MAIK after a few shortcomings were identified throughout this study. If improved, these proposals will have a significant impact, especially on the waqf properties involved in the implementation of istibdal, where it has the potential to bring cash generation and ensure the constant economic value of waqf properties. Social implications This study has a tremendous impact on society, in which their areas have cash waqf funds that can be developed. It can benefit the needy and increase funds for the w
目的本研究的目的是通过在Kedah.Design/metrology/approach中实施istibdal来检验现金基金生成的管理。数据通过文献和实证数据获得。作者首先回顾了关于宗教基金筹资的重要性、istibdal-waqf的实施因素以及istibdal-method作为宗教基金基金产生媒介的相关性的文献,以了解学术文章对这些主题的讨论程度。此外,提交人与两名直接参与istibdal宗教基金事务的吉打伊斯兰宗教委员会(Majlis Agama Islam Kedah[MAIK])官员进行了面对面访谈,以获得关于在吉打实施istibdal信仰基金财产的全面信息。因此,在基于内容分析方法进行分析之前,从访谈数据中定义了几个主题。研究结果显示,吉打伊斯兰宗教委员会(MAIK)概述了两个istibdal实施过程,即宗教基金土地注册地契的istibdal执行过程,以及宗教基金土地登记为清真寺和墓地等宗教用途的保留证书。结果还显示了在吉打实施istibdal的三个因素:国家当局(PBN)对宗教基金土地的收购、国家教育部(JPN)的istibdal申请和清真寺委员会的istibdel申请。在八个实施istibdal的案例中,有四个案例通过出售宗教基金土地和租赁被取代的商店房屋的投资方式为MAIK创造了现金资金,这些资金能够支付管理吉打宗教基金财产的费用。还建议MAIK改进其istibdal政策,从而使该机构能够以最高利率产生现金宗教基金。研究局限性/含义本研究仅关注实施因素和通过吉达的istibdal产生现金宗教基金,而可以扩展到其他州,如登加奴、吉兰丹和槟城。此外,这项研究只采访了管理与宗教基金财产事务相关事务的官员,因为会议实际上可以扩展到其他受访者,比如那些专门从事现金基金生成投资的人和其他人。实际含义本研究在整个研究中发现了一些缺陷后,对MAIK的istibdal waqf财产政策和指南提出了一些改进。如果得到改进,这些提议将产生重大影响,特别是对实施istibdal所涉及的宗教基金财产,它有可能带来现金产生,并确保宗教基金财产的恒定经济价值。社会含义这项研究对社会产生了巨大的影响,他们所在的地区有可以发展的现金宗教基金。它可以通过租金收入、投资和发展使穷人受益,并增加穆斯林福利支出的资金。宗教基金财产的进展高度表明了一个组织在管理宗教基金财产方面的效率。因此,公众,特别是富人,有动力通过宗教基金机制履行他们的慈善行为,并与有需要的人分享他们的财富。独创性/价值本研究通过在吉打实施istibdal,为有关实施因素和现金宗教基金产生的全面实地数据做出了贡献。研究结果对宗教基金财产管理具有重要的借鉴意义。
{"title":"Management of cash waqf fund generation through the implementation of istibdal in Kedah","authors":"Fathullah Asni, Afiffudin Mohammed Noor, Muhamad Husni Hasbulah","doi":"10.1108/qrfm-03-2022-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-03-2022-0048","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to examine the management of cash waqf fund generation through the implementation of istibdal in Kedah.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The data are obtained through literature and empirical data. The authors first review the literature on the importance of waqf fundraising, the implementation factors of istibdal waqf and the relevance of istibdal method as a waqf fund generation medium to understand the extent to which the scholarly articles have discussed these topics. Furthermore, the authors conducted face-to-face interviews with two Kedah Islamic Religious Council (Majlis Agama Islam Kedah [MAIK]) officers, who were directly involved in the affairs of istibdal waqf to obtain holistic information regarding implementing istibdal waqf properties in Kedah. As a result, several themes are defined from the interview data before being analysed based on the content analysis method.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results of the study show two istibdal implementation processes outlined by the Kedah Islamic Religious Council (MAIK), namely, the istibdal implementation process for waqf land registered title deed, and waqf land registered as reserve certificate for religious use like mosque and cemetery. The results also showed three factors in implementing istibdal in Kedah: the acquisition of waqf land by the state authority (PBN), istibdal application by the state education department (JPN) and istibdal application by the mosque committee. Out of eight cases of istibdal implementation, four have generated cash funds for MAIK through investment methods from the sale of waqf lands and rental of replaced shophouses that are able to cover the expenses of managing waqf properties in Kedah. Several suggestions are also recommended for MAIK to improve its istibdal policy, thus enabling the institution to generate cash waqf funds at the maximum rate.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000This study only focused on the implementation factors and the generation of cash waqf funds through istibdal in Kedah, while it can be expanded to other states like Terengganu, Kelantan and Penang. Furthermore, this study only interviewed officers who manage matters related to the affairs of waqf properties, as the session can actually be extended to other respondents, such as those specialising in cash fund generation investments and others.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000This study proposed some improvements to the policy and guidelines of istibdal waqf property to MAIK after a few shortcomings were identified throughout this study. If improved, these proposals will have a significant impact, especially on the waqf properties involved in the implementation of istibdal, where it has the potential to bring cash generation and ensure the constant economic value of waqf properties.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000This study has a tremendous impact on society, in which their areas have cash waqf funds that can be developed. It can benefit the needy and increase funds for the w","PeriodicalId":45060,"journal":{"name":"Qualitative Research in financial Markets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42104406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.1108/qrfm-04-2021-0071
Afiffudin Mohammed Noor, Fathullah Asni, M. M. Mat Rani, Muhamad Rozaimi Bin Ramle
Purpose This paper aims to analyse the implementation of istibdal waqf property in several states of Peninsular Malaysia. To achieve this objective, this study identified the amount of waqf property ‘am (general) and waqf property khas (special) which were involved in the process of istibdal in each state, the factors that have caused the istibdal to be implemented, the rate of istibdal involved for each lot of waqf lands and the type of property replacement performed. Design/methodology/approach This study used the qualitative method, whereby the researchers had collected secondary data consisting of documents related to waqf from the State Islamic Religious Council (MAIN). The type of documents obtained were public records. The data collected were analysed using the content analysis techniques. Findings The results showed that there are several factors involved in the implementation of istibdal, namely, the acquisition of waqf land by the State Authority, applications by external parties for a particular interest and the initiatives taken by the MAIN on waqf property which is problematic and uneconomical to generate waqf fund. This study also found some Shariah and management issues, which were identified in the implementations of istibdal, whereas some cases of istibdal were only carried out on a small part of the waqf lands and there were also cases of the implementation of istibdal which have not been replaced with fixed assets as authorised by the istibdal parameter. This study suggests some improvements to the issues identified in the implementation of istibdal for waqf managers in Malaysia. Research limitations/implications The limitation of this study is that it analyses only the documents that record the implementation of istibdal in the states managed by MAIN. Thus, the analysis performed was limited to the documents obtained without involving empirical data. Practical implications This study suggests some improvements to the implementation of istibdal waqf in the states studied. Therefore, these recommendations can be used by waqf property managers to improve the process of implementing waqf property istibdal so that it can be used to its maximum potential. Social implications If the recommendations in this study can be implemented, the Muslim community will benefit greatly from the waqf property because it is being developed through the method of istibdal. This impact can increase the confidence of the Muslim community towards MAIN in managing waqf property and encouraging the Muslim community to contribute to waqf property for the welfare of the ummah. Originality/value This study involved data on a larger waqf istibdal implementations that involved several states in Peninsular Malaysia, which to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the analysis involving such large research data have not been implemented before.
{"title":"Analysis of issues and solutions on the implementation of istibdal waqf property in states of Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"Afiffudin Mohammed Noor, Fathullah Asni, M. M. Mat Rani, Muhamad Rozaimi Bin Ramle","doi":"10.1108/qrfm-04-2021-0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-04-2021-0071","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to analyse the implementation of istibdal waqf property in several states of Peninsular Malaysia. To achieve this objective, this study identified the amount of waqf property ‘am (general) and waqf property khas (special) which were involved in the process of istibdal in each state, the factors that have caused the istibdal to be implemented, the rate of istibdal involved for each lot of waqf lands and the type of property replacement performed.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study used the qualitative method, whereby the researchers had collected secondary data consisting of documents related to waqf from the State Islamic Religious Council (MAIN). The type of documents obtained were public records. The data collected were analysed using the content analysis techniques.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results showed that there are several factors involved in the implementation of istibdal, namely, the acquisition of waqf land by the State Authority, applications by external parties for a particular interest and the initiatives taken by the MAIN on waqf property which is problematic and uneconomical to generate waqf fund. This study also found some Shariah and management issues, which were identified in the implementations of istibdal, whereas some cases of istibdal were only carried out on a small part of the waqf lands and there were also cases of the implementation of istibdal which have not been replaced with fixed assets as authorised by the istibdal parameter. This study suggests some improvements to the issues identified in the implementation of istibdal for waqf managers in Malaysia.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000The limitation of this study is that it analyses only the documents that record the implementation of istibdal in the states managed by MAIN. Thus, the analysis performed was limited to the documents obtained without involving empirical data.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000This study suggests some improvements to the implementation of istibdal waqf in the states studied. Therefore, these recommendations can be used by waqf property managers to improve the process of implementing waqf property istibdal so that it can be used to its maximum potential.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000If the recommendations in this study can be implemented, the Muslim community will benefit greatly from the waqf property because it is being developed through the method of istibdal. This impact can increase the confidence of the Muslim community towards MAIN in managing waqf property and encouraging the Muslim community to contribute to waqf property for the welfare of the ummah.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study involved data on a larger waqf istibdal implementations that involved several states in Peninsular Malaysia, which to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the analysis involving such large research data have not been implemented before.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45060,"journal":{"name":"Qualitative Research in financial Markets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45548961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose The purpose of this study is to reveal empirical facts that literacy and marketing strategies effectively impact people using Sharia pawn products during the COVID-19 pandemic because of the pressure of capital needs and financial difficulties. Design/methodology/approach This study used an exploratory qualitative research approach through semi-structured interviews with six partners of different productive ages and social, economic and educational backgrounds. After data reduction, presentation, description and validation, this paper develops the theory and presents it as a qualitative thematic analysis. Findings The findings of this study revealed that those who had socialised Sharia pawnshops had a low literacy level. Nonetheless, the socialisation of Sharia pawnshops increases literacy and public understanding of pawnshop products in Sharia pawnshops. This issue arises because of the COVID-19 pandemic, which makes it impossible for Sharia pawnshops to hold an event or socialise. Originality/value The authenticity of this study proves that literacy and marketing strategies can increase public awareness of Sharia pawn products during the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Literacy and strategic marketing to raise public awareness using Sharia pawnshops during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Budi Sukardi, Novia Rachmadani Wijayanti, Fachrurazi Fachrurazi","doi":"10.1108/qrfm-12-2021-0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-12-2021-0205","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to reveal empirical facts that literacy and marketing strategies effectively impact people using Sharia pawn products during the COVID-19 pandemic because of the pressure of capital needs and financial difficulties.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study used an exploratory qualitative research approach through semi-structured interviews with six partners of different productive ages and social, economic and educational backgrounds. After data reduction, presentation, description and validation, this paper develops the theory and presents it as a qualitative thematic analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The findings of this study revealed that those who had socialised Sharia pawnshops had a low literacy level. Nonetheless, the socialisation of Sharia pawnshops increases literacy and public understanding of pawnshop products in Sharia pawnshops. This issue arises because of the COVID-19 pandemic, which makes it impossible for Sharia pawnshops to hold an event or socialise.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The authenticity of this study proves that literacy and marketing strategies can increase public awareness of Sharia pawn products during the COVID-19 pandemic.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45060,"journal":{"name":"Qualitative Research in financial Markets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45315588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.1108/qrfm-02-2023-234
W. Forbes
{"title":"Narrative Economics","authors":"W. Forbes","doi":"10.1108/qrfm-02-2023-234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-02-2023-234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45060,"journal":{"name":"Qualitative Research in financial Markets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41532317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.1108/qrfm-02-2022-0027
Hardeep Singh Mundi
Purpose This study aims to understand the unique financial behavior of transgender individuals compared to cisgender individuals. Furthermore, this study aims to demonstrate that understanding the financial behavior of transgender people will help financial institutions, regulators and policymakers to include them in the formal financial sector. Design/methodology/approach The qualitative approach to research aims at understanding a given phenomenon among the participants. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with 28 transgender and cisgender individuals each. Thematic analysis is used to understand the participants’ financial behavior and propose future research directions and implications to regulators and practitioners. Findings The transgender participants (TP) earn no stable income compared to cisgender participants. Due to a lack of regular income, TP faces hardships covering their spending. No fixed spending or financial planning pattern is found among the TP, and they are found to be highly uncertain of their income and spending. The TP is found wholly excluded from the financial system, and not even a single participant with an active bank account or insurance is found. TP has not visited a bank in their lifetime, and financial literacy is found completely missing among them. No TP has ever taken a bank loan or credit from a financial institution. A zeal among TP to be financially included is found, and such participation will undoubtedly help them live a financially independent life. Cisgender people (CP) are found to be earning a stable income, have full-time jobs, save money, transact through a formal financial system and are financially more independent than TPs. Gender is shown to play a role in the financial behavior of the participants. Research limitations/implications This study gathers information from transgender and CP and does not focus on the financial services providers; the decision not to interview the providers of financial services is a potential limitation of the present study. Another limitation is the small number of respondents who participated in the semi-structured interviews. Due to these limitations, the generalizability of the findings of this study regarding financial behavior will be restricted and require further evidence from future research. Practical implications The present study has several practical implications. First, the requirement of understanding the financial behavior of transgender people from their perspective is missing in the literature, and studies focusing on their behavior are required to help them be financially independent. The present study has implications for regulators, policymakers and practitioners to help transgender people improve their financial conditions. Originality/value The existing literature does not include studies focusing on understanding the financial behavior of transgender people or drawing a comparison of the financial behavior of transgender or CP
{"title":"Complexity of gender to understand financial behavior. Financial behavior of transgender and cisgender individuals: evidence from India: a qualitative inquiry","authors":"Hardeep Singh Mundi","doi":"10.1108/qrfm-02-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-02-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to understand the unique financial behavior of transgender individuals compared to cisgender individuals. Furthermore, this study aims to demonstrate that understanding the financial behavior of transgender people will help financial institutions, regulators and policymakers to include them in the formal financial sector.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The qualitative approach to research aims at understanding a given phenomenon among the participants. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with 28 transgender and cisgender individuals each. Thematic analysis is used to understand the participants’ financial behavior and propose future research directions and implications to regulators and practitioners.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The transgender participants (TP) earn no stable income compared to cisgender participants. Due to a lack of regular income, TP faces hardships covering their spending. No fixed spending or financial planning pattern is found among the TP, and they are found to be highly uncertain of their income and spending. The TP is found wholly excluded from the financial system, and not even a single participant with an active bank account or insurance is found. TP has not visited a bank in their lifetime, and financial literacy is found completely missing among them. No TP has ever taken a bank loan or credit from a financial institution. A zeal among TP to be financially included is found, and such participation will undoubtedly help them live a financially independent life. Cisgender people (CP) are found to be earning a stable income, have full-time jobs, save money, transact through a formal financial system and are financially more independent than TPs. Gender is shown to play a role in the financial behavior of the participants.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000This study gathers information from transgender and CP and does not focus on the financial services providers; the decision not to interview the providers of financial services is a potential limitation of the present study. Another limitation is the small number of respondents who participated in the semi-structured interviews. Due to these limitations, the generalizability of the findings of this study regarding financial behavior will be restricted and require further evidence from future research.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The present study has several practical implications. First, the requirement of understanding the financial behavior of transgender people from their perspective is missing in the literature, and studies focusing on their behavior are required to help them be financially independent. The present study has implications for regulators, policymakers and practitioners to help transgender people improve their financial conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The existing literature does not include studies focusing on understanding the financial behavior of transgender people or drawing a comparison of the financial behavior of transgender or CP","PeriodicalId":45060,"journal":{"name":"Qualitative Research in financial Markets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47743821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.1108/qrfm-07-2022-0114
M. Joshipura, N. Joshipura, Aditya Sharma
Purpose The disposition effect remains one of the most significant investor behavior puzzles. This study aims to consolidate the knowledge, explore current dynamics, elicit trends and offer future research directions to demystify the disposition effect. Design/methodology/approach This study applies the hybrid review method. It first used bibliometric analysis (212 documents), followed by content analysis (54 articles) to analyze the breadth and depth of literature on the disposition effect. Findings This study presents performance analysis and science mapping. It identifies five main research streams: evidence, implications and mitigation techniques; theoretical explanations; investor biases and hedonic framing; attributes, beliefs and preferences; and implications for asset pricing and market efficiency. This study further offers future research directions for disposition effect research. Research limitations/implications This study deploys sequential bibliometric and content analysis. A meta-analysis of quantitative articles could provide specific insights regarding the disposition effect. Besides, this study is based on Scopus-indexed journals only. Practical implications This study benefits investors and portfolio managers as they learn effective ways to guard against the disposition effect. Policymakers may tweak tax laws to incentivize long-term holding, and regulators can run investor education campaigns to minimize the disposition effect’s consequences effectively. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is probably the first hybrid review of high-quality, contemporary articles on the disposition effect that offers science mapping, research streams, future research directions and a succinct summary of theories, contexts, characteristics and methods deployed in the field of research.
{"title":"Demystifying disposition effect: past, present and future","authors":"M. Joshipura, N. Joshipura, Aditya Sharma","doi":"10.1108/qrfm-07-2022-0114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-07-2022-0114","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The disposition effect remains one of the most significant investor behavior puzzles. This study aims to consolidate the knowledge, explore current dynamics, elicit trends and offer future research directions to demystify the disposition effect.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This study applies the hybrid review method. It first used bibliometric analysis (212 documents), followed by content analysis (54 articles) to analyze the breadth and depth of literature on the disposition effect.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000This study presents performance analysis and science mapping. It identifies five main research streams: evidence, implications and mitigation techniques; theoretical explanations; investor biases and hedonic framing; attributes, beliefs and preferences; and implications for asset pricing and market efficiency. This study further offers future research directions for disposition effect research.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000This study deploys sequential bibliometric and content analysis. A meta-analysis of quantitative articles could provide specific insights regarding the disposition effect. Besides, this study is based on Scopus-indexed journals only.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000This study benefits investors and portfolio managers as they learn effective ways to guard against the disposition effect. Policymakers may tweak tax laws to incentivize long-term holding, and regulators can run investor education campaigns to minimize the disposition effect’s consequences effectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is probably the first hybrid review of high-quality, contemporary articles on the disposition effect that offers science mapping, research streams, future research directions and a succinct summary of theories, contexts, characteristics and methods deployed in the field of research.\u0000","PeriodicalId":45060,"journal":{"name":"Qualitative Research in financial Markets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45978659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-17DOI: 10.1108/qrfm-11-2021-0186
Nahid Zehra, U. B. Singh
Purpose The objective of this systematic literature review (SLR) is to explore the current state of research in the field of household finance (HF). This study aims to summarize the existing research to highlight the importance of household finance in a nation’s economy. By exploring all conceptual and applied implications of HF, this study projects directions for future research to develop a comprehensive understanding of the subject. Design/methodology/approach This SLR is based on 112 articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2006 and 2020 (Table 3). The methodology comprises five steps, namely, formulation of research questions, identification of studies, their selection and evaluation, analyses and syntheses and presentation of results. Findings The findings of this study show that studies on HF are gradually increasing worldwide with the USA registering the highest number of published research on the topic during the period under scrutiny. Notwithstanding the increasing attention and research on HF, empirical research in emerging economies is lagging. Additionally, this study finds that HF structure presents a perfect setting to understand how households compose their financial portfolio, make financial decisions and what factors influence their decisions. Research limitations/implications This study is an SLR – an accurate and accepted method of reviewing available literature on a selected subject. However, the selection of inclusion and exclusion criteria depends on the researchers’ rationale which might lead to research bias. This should be considered an inherent limitation of SLR. Practical implications By synthesizing the contents of extant literature, this study presents important insights into HF. This study underlines the most discussed topics in the domain and identifies potential investigation areas. This study gives the knowledge of leading articles, authors and journals and informs scholars and academicians about the areas that need further investigation by portraying the complete picture of the subject in a systematic manner. Further, this study highlights that households make suboptimal financial decisions that affect their financial well-being. To reduce the adverse impacts of these decisions, policymakers and financial institutions must take steps to improve households’ use of formal financial markets. Household decisions can be reformed by enhancing consumers’ knowledge about financial products and services. Furthermore, households can be served better by offering customization in traditional financial products. Originality/value This study synthesizes the main findings of selected literature on HF. The expansion of studies on HF has generated the need to review the existing literature in a systematic manner. To the researchers’ best knowledge, this SLR is the first thorough study of available articles in the HF domain. This study presents the scope of future research by highlighting numerous aspects a
{"title":"Household finance: a systematic literature review and directions for future research","authors":"Nahid Zehra, U. B. Singh","doi":"10.1108/qrfm-11-2021-0186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/qrfm-11-2021-0186","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The objective of this systematic literature review (SLR) is to explore the current state of research in the field of household finance (HF). This study aims to summarize the existing research to highlight the importance of household finance in a nation’s economy. By exploring all conceptual and applied implications of HF, this study projects directions for future research to develop a comprehensive understanding of the subject.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000This SLR is based on 112 articles published in peer-reviewed journals between 2006 and 2020 (Table 3). The methodology comprises five steps, namely, formulation of research questions, identification of studies, their selection and evaluation, analyses and syntheses and presentation of results.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The findings of this study show that studies on HF are gradually increasing worldwide with the USA registering the highest number of published research on the topic during the period under scrutiny. Notwithstanding the increasing attention and research on HF, empirical research in emerging economies is lagging. Additionally, this study finds that HF structure presents a perfect setting to understand how households compose their financial portfolio, make financial decisions and what factors influence their decisions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000This study is an SLR – an accurate and accepted method of reviewing available literature on a selected subject. However, the selection of inclusion and exclusion criteria depends on the researchers’ rationale which might lead to research bias. This should be considered an inherent limitation of SLR.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000By synthesizing the contents of extant literature, this study presents important insights into HF. This study underlines the most discussed topics in the domain and identifies potential investigation areas. This study gives the knowledge of leading articles, authors and journals and informs scholars and academicians about the areas that need further investigation by portraying the complete picture of the subject in a systematic manner. Further, this study highlights that households make suboptimal financial decisions that affect their financial well-being. To reduce the adverse impacts of these decisions, policymakers and financial institutions must take steps to improve households’ use of formal financial markets. Household decisions can be reformed by enhancing consumers’ knowledge about financial products and services. Furthermore, households can be served better by offering customization in traditional financial products.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study synthesizes the main findings of selected literature on HF. The expansion of studies on HF has generated the need to review the existing literature in a systematic manner. To the researchers’ best knowledge, this SLR is the first thorough study of available articles in the HF domain. This study presents the scope of future research by highlighting numerous aspects a","PeriodicalId":45060,"journal":{"name":"Qualitative Research in financial Markets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48179447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}