Ido Movement for Culture-Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology最新文献

英文中文

A comparative analysis of the short-term memory of martial arts’ athletes of different level of sportsmanship 不同体育精神水平武术运动员短期记忆的比较分析

IF 1 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Ido Movement for Culture-Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14589/IDO.20.3.3

V. Romanenko, L. Podrigalo, W. Cynarski, O. Rovnaya, L. Korobeynikova, V. Goloha, I. Robak

引用次数: 10

Exploring the Psychological Skills of Indonesian Pencak Silat Athletes at the 18thAsian Games 第18届亚运会印尼铅笔运动员心理技能探析

IF 1 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Ido Movement for Culture-Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14589/IDO.20.2.2

Dimyati, D. Irianto, R. Lumintuarso

Background. This is a study of the outstanding achievements of the Indonesian Pencak Silat athletes at the 18th Asian Games (AG) sporting event. There are many aspects that determine sports success; one of which is the athletes’ psychological skills factor. The purpose of this study is to explore psychological skills of Indonesian Pencak Silat athletes at the 18th Asian Games. Method. This study employed a retrospectives causal-comparative design method. The psychological aspects and achievements of Pencak Silat athletes are not yet available, and it therefore became an interesting exploration of Pencak Silat athletes’ psychological skills. The sample was 22 Pencak Silat athletes, with an average age of 22.8 years. The instrument employed was The Psychological Skills Inventory for Sports (PSIS). The data analysis techniques employed were descriptive statistics and document analysis. Results. The results show that the psychological skills of motivation, confidence, anxiety control, mental preparation, team emphasis, and concentration in a Pencak Silat athlete are high. Conclusion. The results show that the six aspects of a Pencak Silat athlete’s psychological skills are high. This is new evidence that strengthens the theory that a Pencak Silat athlete’s psychological skills, which are special elements of sports psychology, contribute to achieving success. © Idōkan Poland Association “IDO MOVEMENT FOR CULTURE. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology”, Vol. 20, no. 2 (2020), pp. 10–16 DOI: 10.14589/ido.20.2.2

背景。这是对印度尼西亚潘克西拉运动员在第18届亚运会(AG)体育项目上取得的杰出成就的研究。决定运动成功的因素有很多;其中之一就是运动员的心理技能因素。本研究的目的是探讨第18届亚运会印尼赛拉运动员的心理技能。方法。本研究采用回顾性因果比较设计方法。潘克·西拉特运动员的心理方面和成绩尚不清楚，因此对潘克·西拉特运动员的心理技能进行了有趣的探索。样本为22名Pencak Silat运动员，平均年龄为22.8岁。所采用的工具为《运动心理技能量表》(PSIS)。采用的数据分析技术为描述性统计和文献分析。结果。结果表明，潘克赛拉特运动员的动机、自信、焦虑控制、心理准备、团队重视和注意力等心理技能水平较高。结论。结果表明，潘克西拉特运动员心理技能的六个方面都较高。这是一个新的证据，加强了彭克·西拉运动员的心理技能(运动心理学的特殊元素)有助于取得成功的理论。©Idōkan波兰协会IDO文化运动。《武术人类学》，第20卷，第2期。2 (2020)， pp. 10-16 DOI: 10.14589/ido.20.2.2

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引用次数: 5

Isokinetic leg strength in adolescent Malaysian recreational taekwondo practitioners 马来西亚青少年休闲跆拳道练习者的等速腿部力量

IF 1 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Ido Movement for Culture-Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14589/IDO.20.1.6

G. Kim, W. Pieter

引用次数: 3

The Phenomenon of Burying Women with Weapons in Iron Age Poland: Tactical, social and funerary considerations 铁器时代波兰用武器埋葬妇女的现象:战术、社会和丧葬方面的考虑

IF 1 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Ido Movement for Culture-Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14589/IDO.20.1.1

Tomasz Bochnak

Aim. This article focuses on the phenomenon of military items buried with individuals anthropologically identified as female. While the body of sources informing the analysis of this archaeological phenomenon have already been presented in a separate article [Bochnak 2010], this publication will discuss the possible lines of interpretation for such finds and attempt to explain them. Is the presence of military items in the graves of women enough to posit that warrior-women did exist in the Iron Age? Or perhaps, should it perhaps be viewed as an expression of other customs, not necessarily indicative of women actually wielding arms, barring exceptional cases? Methods. The article discusses both ancient and early mediaeval written sources mentioning women taking part in combat in the context of Central Europe [Cassius Dio, Vita Aureliani, Jordanes, Getica , Isidore of Seville, Etymologiæ, Paul the Deacon, Historia Langobardorum and Liutprandi Leges]. It is possible that at least some of these mentions pertain to extraordinary situations requiring all members of a local community capable of bearing arms to fight. For the Germanic peoples, the idea of armed women would not have been improper or offensive. The figure of the Valkyries – the fierce mythical daughters of Odin – should be testament enough. Nevertheless, all the above sources speak of territories which were either close to the borders of the Roman Empire or the location of which are not strictly defined. Sadly, we do not possess any similar sources confirming the existence of female fighters north of the Carpathians in the younger pre-Roman and Roman period. To demonstrate warrior women did exist, we first need to consider the social implications of the phenomenon, as well as the tactical advantages this may have entailed. Accounts of female warriors mainly describe communities which preferred ranged weapons over hand-to-hand combat, as was often the case among nomadic peoples. Cavalry formations were especially common in the steppes of Eurasia or America but both Central and Western Europe lacked the swathes of open space for such tactics to take hold. While the Germanic social order did allow women to assume prestigious functions, for example as envoys, it does not necessarily follow that these women would have enjoyed the privilege of carrying arms. Results & Conclusions. It seems more likely that the weapons discovered in graves did not belong to the deceased as such but were a form of funerary offerings or gifts. They may have served a magical purpose of some sort or were perhaps an expression of respect for the buried women. And even though women of the Przeworsk culture may have occasionally participated in armed combat, there is little evidence that they may be called warrior-women in the proper sense. © Idōkan Poland Association “IDO MOVEMENT FOR CULTURE. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology”, Vol. 20, no. 1 (2020), pp. 1–13 DOI: 10.14589/ido.20.1.1 The presence of weaponry is use

的目标。本文关注的是与被人类学鉴定为女性的个体一起埋葬的军事物品的现象。虽然对这一考古现象的分析提供信息的来源已经在一篇单独的文章中提出[Bochnak 2010]，但本出版物将讨论对这些发现的可能解释，并试图解释它们。女性坟墓中出现的军用物品是否足以证明铁器时代确实存在女战士?或者，也许，它应该被视为其他习俗的一种表达，而不一定表明女性实际上挥舞着武器，除非例外情况?方法。本文讨论了古代和中世纪早期提到妇女在中欧参加战斗的书面资料[Cassius Dio、Vita Aureliani、Jordanes、Getica、Isidore of Seville、Etymologiæ、Paul The Deacon、Historia langbardorum和Liutprandi Leges]。可能其中至少有一些涉及到需要当地社区所有成员都有能力携带武器进行战斗的特殊情况。对于日耳曼人来说，武装妇女的想法不会是不恰当的或冒犯的。女武神(Valkyries)——神话中奥丁(Odin)凶悍的女儿——的形象应该足以证明这一点。尽管如此，上述所有资料都提到了靠近罗马帝国边界的领土或其位置没有严格定义的领土。遗憾的是，我们没有任何类似的资料证实在前罗马时期和罗马时期喀尔巴阡山脉以北有女性战士的存在。为了证明女战士确实存在，我们首先需要考虑这一现象的社会含义，以及这可能带来的战术优势。关于女战士的描述主要描述了那些更喜欢远程武器而不是肉搏战的社区，就像游牧民族一样。骑兵编队在欧亚大陆或美洲的大草原上尤为普遍，但中欧和西欧都缺乏这种战术得以实施的大片开阔空间。虽然日耳曼社会秩序确实允许妇女担任有声望的职务，例如担任使节，但这并不一定意味着这些妇女就享有携带武器的特权。结果与结论。更有可能的是，在坟墓中发现的武器本身并不属于死者，而是一种葬礼祭品或礼物。它们可能有某种神奇的作用，或者是对被埋葬的女性的尊重。尽管普则沃斯克文化中的女性可能偶尔会参加武装战斗，但几乎没有证据表明她们可以被称为真正意义上的女战士。©Idōkan波兰协会IDO文化运动。《武术人类学》，第20卷，第2期。在考古学中，武器的存在被用来确定火化个体的性别，通常被认为是男性埋葬的指标。然而，过去的人类学研究也显示，偶尔在从女性墓葬中发现的坟墓物品中发现了军事装备的例子。在铁器时代，从公元前2世纪初到公元5世纪初，现在波兰的中部和南部地区见证了一种被称为普热沃斯克文化的发展。这种新文化属于一个更广泛的文化体系，它在La t<e:1>的影响下从中欧的蛮族地区发展而来。迄今为止，在已知的Przeworsk文化复合体中发现了大约62-63个装有武器的妇女坟墓(包括7个带婴儿的妇女坟墓)。然而，在上述十个案例中，马刺是唯一从坟墓中找到的军事装备[Bochnak 2010]。它随后被展示为“IDO文化运动”。《武术人类学》，第20卷，第2期。1(2020)指出，这种现象在马佐维亚最为普遍，主要是在罗马早期(B阶段)以及罗马早期和后期之间的中间阶段，即大约在公元前两个世纪。这可能是因为早期罗马时期的普热沃斯基墓葬中有特别丰富的陪葬品，武器是当时葬礼仪式中相当常见的元素。同样值得注意的是，在现在的波兰领土上观察到的含有武器的女性墓葬分布的明显差异，可以追溯到罗马前和罗马时期的年轻时期，这使我们能够排除通过人类学分析确定埋葬个体性别的错误可能性。换句话说，我们可以假设，如果这个方法是错误的，那么这个错误将适用于整个普热沃斯克文化材料，从而产生包含武器的女性坟墓的统一百分比[Bochnak 2010]。这次讨论的主题不是在波兰境内已知的铁器时代女性坟墓中发现的武器。相反，它将研究那些用武器埋葬的案例，这些案例中死者已被人类学确定为女性，以便讨论这一现象本身。对这一考古现象进行分析的资料来源已在另一篇文章中提出[Bochnak 2010]。在这里，我们的重点将落在解释和理解这些实践上。这些墓葬是否证实了普雷兹沃斯克文化中女战士的存在?或者，除了特殊情况，它是否应该被视为其他习俗的一种表达，而不一定表明女性实际上挥舞着武器?我们的讨论范围将被有意地限制在普氏文化的材料上。这是因为这些做法的各个方面在不同的定居模式或社会结构中可能有所不同。让我们先来看看古代文献中关于中欧女战士的记载。塔西佗的《日耳曼尼亚》仍然是我们了解早期罗马时期日耳曼部落的主要书面资料，他的其他作品提供了一些额外的细节。虽然塔西佗没有明确提到女战士，但他的作品中确实偶尔有一些段落讨论了女性在日耳曼社会中的地位，并描述了武器在婚姻仪式中的作用。日耳曼尼亚当然是一个非凡的来源，但它的所有明显的特点，它确实倾向于罗马人的解释，即罗马人对事物的看法。因此，它经常暗指罗马世界。学者们还指出了塔西佗著作中的许多不准确、过度简化和时代错误。虽然塔西佗没有说日耳曼妇女确实使用武器，但我们在他的作品中发现的一些碎片似乎值得注意。例如，在他对日耳曼婚礼的描述中，我们读到新娘“给丈夫带来一些手臂”(atque in vicem ipsa armorum liquid viro affert)[塔西佗，日耳曼尼亚，18]。不幸的是，没有说明这些“武器”的来源。我们没有被告知它们最初是否属于新娘的男性亲戚。同样，我们也不知道礼物后来是否成为丈夫的财产，或者是否包括在女方的嫁妆中。一个丧偶的女人能收回它吗?或者这就是后来埋在寡妇坟墓里的武器?我们还了解到，在同一个仪式上，未来的丈夫也赠送了一些礼物，比如一把剑、一把剑、一块盾牌、一匹套着马的马和一头牛。根据塔西佗的说法:“她收到的武器必须保持不受侵犯，并将其恢复给她的儿子，作为值得他们的礼物，例如他们的妻子可能再次收到，并且仍然将其交给她的孙子”[塔西佗，日耳曼尼亚，18]。看来这些武器是从年轻一代传给女性的!然而，我们不知道如果这个女人死时没有孩子，会发生什么。也许在这种情况下，她的胳膊是和她一起埋葬的?这段话一点也不清楚。Jerzy Kolendo认为，塔西佗关于丈夫带来嫁妆而不是新娘的描述可以被解读为罗马人对购买新娘的解释。或者，它可能是一种简单的礼物交换，这在日耳曼社区很常见[Kolendo 2008b: 139,130]。在阅读塔西佗时，我们还需要记住，他的作品中包含了大量关于罗马世界的参考文献，关于女性的段落也不例外。因此，它们需要作为教导性的指示来阅读，这些指示是针对熟悉罗马社会和政治细微差别的读者的。在《日耳曼尼亚》中发现的一些观察实际上是对罗马现实的评论，而不是对巴巴里库姆内部的翔实描述。这种对塔西佗文本的解释也适用于他对德高望远的日耳曼女性的评论，她们不写情书。根据J. Kolendo的观点，关于Sitones人被女性统治的段落实际上也是对罗马女性地位的一种参考，并提醒人们专制无意中导致了公民自由的丧失[Kolendo 2008a: 184-186]。同样，塔西佗的观点也不是很明确。作为一个例子，他提到一些日耳曼祭司穿着女人的长袍[塔西佗，日耳曼尼亚，43]。然而，他并没有具体说明这些袍子是否真的是Ger1所穿的。文本并不清楚——有时礼物是给新娘的家人，有时是给她自己。对考古材料的印刷年代分析揭示了剑形的快速变化模式，因此与塔西佗的说法相矛盾—

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引用次数: 1

Review of important events, publications and comments AD 2019 回顾2019年的重要事件、出版物和评论

IF 1 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Ido Movement for Culture-Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14589/IDO.20.1.8

P. Bartík, A. V. D. Brito, Lothar Sieber, W. Cynarski

引用次数: 1

Karate agility: The new competition category for children’s physical development with very high test/re-test reliability 空手道敏捷性:儿童体能发展的新竞赛项目，具有极高的测试/再测试可靠性

IF 1 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Ido Movement for Culture-Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14589/IDO.20.3.5

Ratislav Styriak, M. Billman, Dušana Augustovičová

Background and Study Aim. Early specialisation does not guarantee later competitive success. Development of general motor skills appears to be the key factor in achieving maximum success in sports at an older age. To prevent burn-out and early specialisation, the Slovak Karate Union introduced a new competition discipline – the Karate Agility Course (KAC), where young karateka apply their fundamental motor skills. The aim of this research was to examine the reliability of the KAC as a new competition discipline for young karate athletes. Material and Methods. Forty four young national level karateka participated in the study: 28 males (age 9.1±1.8 y, body mass 40.0±12.4 kg) and 16 females (age 9.9±2.7 y, body mass 38.9±8.8 kg). All performed the KAC for both age categories twice: test and re-test sessions were carried out on separate occasions, 1 week apart. Results. Test and re-test results showed the KAC to be reliable. Net time and total time for 8-11 year old children did not display any difference between the test and the re-test. The SEM and ICC for both variables were <5% and >.90, respectively. The Bland and Altman analyses reported a mean difference (bias) ± the 95% limits of agreement. Conclusions. The study showed that the new KAC discipline, with effort patterns replicating karate combat demands, can be considered as a reliable, karate-specific field test for assessing karatekas’ physical performance.

背景与研究目的。早期的专业化并不能保证以后的竞争成功。一般运动技能的发展似乎是老年人在体育运动中取得最大成功的关键因素。为了防止精力耗尽和过早专业化，斯洛伐克空手道联盟引入了一项新的比赛项目——空手道敏捷课程(KAC)，年轻的空手道运动员在这里应用他们的基本动作技能。本研究的目的是检验KAC作为年轻空手道运动员新竞赛项目的可靠性。材料和方法。共有44名国家级青年空手道运动员参与研究，其中男性28人(年龄9.1±1.8岁，体重40.0±12.4 kg)，女性16人(年龄9.9±2.7岁，体重38.9±8.8 kg)。所有人都对两个年龄组进行了两次KAC测试:测试和重新测试在不同的场合进行，间隔1周。结果。试验和复验结果表明，KAC是可靠的。8-11岁儿童的净时间和总时间在测试和重新测试之间没有任何差异。两个变量的SEM和ICC分别为0.90。Bland和Altman分析报告了平均差异(偏倚)±95%的一致性限制。结论。研究表明，新的KAC学科，努力模式复制空手道战斗需求，可以被认为是一个可靠的，空手道特定的现场测试评估空手道运动员的身体表现。

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引用次数: 6

The 8th Conference of IMACSSS, Viseu, Portugal as a scientific event, including its importance for research into fighting arts and for martial arts tourism IMACSSS第八届会议，葡萄牙维塞乌，作为一个科学活动，包括其对武术研究和武术旅游的重要性

IF 1 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Ido Movement for Culture-Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14589/IDO.20.2.7

Przemysław Pawelec, Jong-Hoon Yu, W. Cynarski

引用次数: 0

Tourism of martial arts: the inspiration for Prof. Cynarski’s new book 武术旅游:辛纳斯基教授新书的灵感来源

IF 1 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Ido Movement for Culture-Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14589/IDO.20.3.7

W. Błach, P. Świder, Lothar Sieber

引用次数: 1

Activities of the Polish Boxing Association between 1923–1939 – an outline of the problem 1923-1939年波兰拳击协会的活动——问题概要

IF 1 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Ido Movement for Culture-Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14589/IDO.20.3.8

R. Kołodziej, P. Ostrowski, Maciej Brożyna, Bartłomiej Czarnota, Monika Drozd

引用次数: 0

Comparison of competitive anxiety and self-confidence in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu skills levels: a cross-sectional in-event study 巴西柔术水平中竞争焦虑与自信的比较:一项横断面赛事研究

IF 1 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Ido Movement for Culture-Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.14589/IDO.20.1.4

H. Faro, Marilla P.M. Tavares, Petrus Gantois, D. C. Pereira, Mayra Nascimento Matias de Lima, D. Lima-Júnior, D. Machado, L. Fortes

Background. Competitive anxiety and self-confidence can be influenced by a number of factors, including skills levels and changes during sporting events. However, the effect of changes in-event are unclear. Problem and Aim. We aimed to compare in-event competitive anxiety and self-confidence among Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) athletes with different belt colors and compare the levels between the first and second bouts. 113 BJJ male athletes (26.6 ± 5.36 years) competing in the Northeastern Open Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu Championship 2017 were included. Methods. They responded to the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2R) after weighing and 15 min before their first fight and those who won responded again before their second bout. Cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence domains were analyzed. Null-hypothesis test and magnitude-based inference analysis were performed. Results. The athletes in the black belt group were older and more experienced (p<0.05). There was no difference between belt color groups in cognitive and somatic anxiety, and self-confidence (p>0.05). However, after winning there was a decrease in cognitive and somatic anxiety only in the blue, purple and brown belt groups, while only the black belt group increased self-confidence. Conclusions. We conclude that skills levels did not influence competitive anxiety and self-confidence in combat sports, but it did influence how it changed during a competition. © Idōkan Poland Association “IDO MOVEMENT FOR CULTURE. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology”, Vol. 20, no. 1 (2020), pp. 30–39 DOI: 10.14589/ido.20.1.4

背景。竞争焦虑和自信可能受到许多因素的影响，包括技术水平和体育赛事期间的变化。然而，事件变化的影响尚不清楚。问题和目标。本研究旨在比较不同腰带颜色的巴西柔术运动员在比赛中竞争焦虑和自信的水平，并比较第一和第二回合的水平。研究对象为参加2017年巴西柔术东北公开赛的113名巴西柔术男运动员(26.6±5.36岁)。方法。他们在称重后和第一次比赛前15分钟对竞争状态焦虑量表(CSAI-2R)进行了回应，那些获胜的人在第二次比赛前再次回应。对认知焦虑、躯体焦虑和自信域进行分析。进行了零假设检验和基于震级的推理分析。结果。黑带组运动员年龄更大，经验更丰富(p0.05)。然而，在获胜后，只有蓝带、紫带和棕带组的认知和躯体焦虑有所减少，而只有黑带组的自信有所增加。结论。我们得出结论，技能水平不影响竞技焦虑和自信在格斗运动中，但它确实影响它如何在比赛中变化。©Idōkan波兰协会IDO文化运动。《武术人类学》，第20卷，第2期。1 (2020)， pp. 30-39 DOI: 10.14589/ido.20.1.4

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引用次数: 3

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