Asian Journal of Criminology最新文献

Organizational justice refers to the view that the employing organization treats employees in a fair and just manner. There are different schools of thought regarding the number of dimensions that compose organizational justice, but the current study included four: informational, interactional, procedural, and distributive. Organizational trust refers the view that an employee has confidence in the representatives of the organization. The current study included supervisor and management trust, as they are the two major types of organizational trust. The authors propose a path model where informational and interactional justice are positive direct predictors of both procedural and distributive justice, and procedural justice is directly and positively related to distributive justice. In turn, procedural and distributive justice are directly and positively associated with supervisor and management trust. Ordinary least squares analysis of survey data from 322 staff at two Chinese prisons supported the path model, except that procedural justice did not predict supervisor trust. As this is a preliminary study, more research, including more focused research, is needed to determine how organizational justice is related to organizational trust among correctional staff in different nations.

Prison rape constitutes a severe human rights violation within correctional systems, with its true prevalence often obscured by underreporting. Rape-supportive attitudes among criminal justice (CJ) professionals exacerbate this issue, underscoring the need to address such beliefs early in the education of future CJ professionals—CJ majors—before they enter the field. This study examined prison rape myths among CJ majors in South Korea and the USA, two countries with distinct cultural and educational contexts. Analyzing survey data from CJ majors at four universities in each country, the study explored how demographics, education, and oppressive attitudes shape prison rape myths. Findings revealed both universal and culture-specific predictors of prison rape myths. In both countries, oppressive attitudes—particularly male and female rape myths and negative attitudes toward prisoners—were significant predictors. However, educational factors played a stronger role in South Korea, where mandatory, high-quality courses on oppressive attitudes were linked to lower levels of negative views toward prisoners. These results suggest that culturally tailored educational interventions may be more effective in challenging oppressive beliefs. This study emphasizes the value of a transnational approach to education to address rape-supportive attitudes and foster victim-centered practices among future CJ professionals.

Child maltreatment is a global public health concern. A high percentage of children working in rural informal sectors in Bangladesh experiences physical maltreatment. This area of study, however, remains understudied. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors of physical maltreatment of child laborers in rural Bangladesh. A total of 200 child laborers and parents were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, including the ICAST-CH and ICAST-P survey tools. Multivariable linear regression was performed using SPSS and STATA software to analyze data. Above 66% of child laborers experienced being hit, beaten, or spanked with a bare hand, followed by 53% being pushed, grabbed, or kicked sometimes in the past year. In addition, 35% of parents reported that their children had been hit on the head with a knuckle, and 30% reported their child had been hit on the buttock with an object once/twice in the past year. This study identified that the parents’ employment in service sectors (β = –0.87, p = 0.04), an increase in individual (β = –1.92, p = 0.02), and household income (β = –0.98, p = 0.02) significantly reduced the child laborers’ risk of experiencing physical maltreatment. Conversely, the rate of physical maltreatment increased with the extension of working hours (β = 0.52, p < 0.01). There is a need for extensive studies on the physical maltreatment of child laborers. The study suggests reformulations and adaptations to policy and the provision of social safety net programs in rural areas to prevent physical maltreatment of child laborers.

There is a growing recognition of the significance of comparative research in criminology. However, this field faces several persistent challenges that hinder its development. These challenges may limit the validity of comparative research findings and introduce potential biases. If not addressed appropriately, these challenges can impede the growth of comparative criminology and its contributions. These primary challenges include a predominance of Western-centric perspectives, the ambiguity arising from involving culture as an explanatory factor in quantitative studies, difficulties in conducting survey research across different countries, and inadequacies in the comparative units utilized. This paper seeks to comprehensively review these challenges in detail and explore the path for the advancement of future research in comparative criminology.

The introduction and operation of community corrections in China has been hailed as a justice mechanism that addresses criminogenic needs of offenders and advances their well-being. Despite the growing research on the operational significance of this emerging penal institution, few studies have been conducted from the perspective of offenders, the staple recipients of rehabilitation services. Much less research has also yet paid attention to the impact of the rehabilitative provision on offenders’ perceptions of justice. To bridge this gap, this study examines how offenders’ participation in rehabilitation and their interactions with social workers shape their sense-making about Chinese penality. Analysis of in-depth interviews with offenders reveals that rehabilitation by social workers revitalizes offenders’ self-identities, instills a sense of modernization in Chinese state capacity, and defuses long-standing tensions between offenders and the state. Notably, this salutary effect of rehabilitation on offenders’ perceptions of justice is rotted or undercut when social workers are compelled or mandated to supplement the state’s hand of surveillance and control. Moreover, offenders attach particular importance to the destigmatizing element of rehabilitation work, which helps them navigate the extraordinarily shameful reentry process. Research and policy implications of this study are also addressed.

The law enforcement profession has long been perceived as a stressful occupation, with the dangers of police work considered particularly relevant in explaining officers’ responses to stress and poor mental health outcomes. The current study contributes to the empirical literature on the sources of stress in policing and provides insight into the underlying mechanism of the relationship between job-related stressors and occupational stress. Using data from a representative sample of sworn police officers in the Korea Coast Guard (N = 757), this study examines the association between perceived job dangerousness and occupational stress as well as the possible mediating mechanisms through which job-related danger may increase occupational stress, specifically highlighting the mediating role of strain-based and time-based work–family conflict. The results indicate that officers who perceive their job as dangerous are more likely to experience higher levels of occupational stress. Additionally, work–family conflict mediates the impact of perceived job dangerousness on occupational stress, although only strain-based work–family conflict demonstrates a significant mediating effect. Based on our findings, we discuss policy implications in light of the unique demands of policing for the Korea Coast Guard.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious social issue in South Korea. However, many scholars and policymakers in South Korea tend to focus disproportionately on men as IPV perpetrators, rather than acknowledging their role as victims or both victims and offenders simultaneously. To develop the treatment and intervention strategies tailored to IPV offender, victims, and victim-offenders, it is important to understand the factors that are associated with each group. Using the data from the Violence Against Women, Focused on Intimate Partner Violence study, collected by the Korean Institute of Criminology and Justice (KICJ), this study examined (1) the prevalence of IPV perpetration, victimization, and both perpetration and victimization; (2) how the prevalence rate varies depending on the nature of violence (i.e., violent vs. non-violent); and (3) the factors associated with each group, using multi-nominal analyses. We found that each type of violence (i.e., physical, sexual, emotional, and controlling behaviors) was statistically different from the others when measuring IPV perpetration only, victimization only, and both IPV perpetration and victimization. In both violent and non-violent types of IPV, Korean men who had experienced only IPV perpetration, as well as those who had experienced both IPV perpetration and victimization, tended to share similar risk factors, such as witnessing parental abuse and having lower levels of self-control, when compared to the IPV victimization-only group. The IPV victimization-only group exhibited a unique risk factor. Results confirm the previous literature’s findings that some similarities exist among Korean IPV offenders, IPV victims, and IPV victim-offenders, but there are distinct characteristics among them as well.

The prevalence of cyberbullying among youths has garnered increasing attention, yet the offending-victimization overlap in this domain remains underexplored, particularly in non-Western contexts. Employing both traditional and innovative methodological approaches, this study addresses this gap by integrating the theoretical frameworks of social bonds theory (SBT), the general theory of crime (GTC), differential association theory (DAT), and lifestyle-routine activity theory (LRAT), alongside a gendered perspective. Drawing on a sample of 8797 Chinese college students, this research mainly utilizes multinomial logistic regression and heteroskedasticity-consistent standard error (HCSE) estimators to systematically analyze the correlates of cyberbullying overlap. The results indicate that weaker social bonds, low self-control, frequent associations with deviant peers, and engagement in high-risk lifestyles are significant predictors of cyberbullying overlap across both methodological approaches. Furthermore, gender differences moderate the relationships between theoretical constructs and cyberbullying overlap, underscoring the importance of gender-sensitive policy interventions. This study advances the theoretical understanding and methodological assessment of cyberbullying overlap, offering critical insights for interventions tailored to the specific risks and sociocultural contexts faced by youths.

This study verifies whether the disorder-fear linkage is mediated by perceived risk and informal and formal social control and whether these paths appear differently in urban and rural areas. The disorder-fear linkage was analyzed through structural equation model analysis based on the data collected throughout South Korea. The regions were classified into rural areas (N = 2888), small and medium-sized cities (N = 4893), and large cities (N = 5494). The disorder-fear linkage was mediated by both informal and formal social control in rural areas, by only formal social control in large cities, and by neither in small and medium-sized cities, indicating that the social mechanism of disorder, informal social control, and fear of crime appear differently in urban and rural areas. A model that combines the broken windows theory with an expressive model of confidence in the police explains the disorder-fear linkage in the South Korean context, and these theoretical explanations are most suitable for rural areas. The findings suggest the measures that facilitate formal social control, such as creating an environment in which the residents are more likely to trust the police and report crimes, may be effective in reducing the fear of crime in urban areas.