Pub Date : 2022-11-16DOI: 10.1142/s0218539322500103
M. Z. Anis, Kuntal Bera
In this paper, we shall discuss some statistical properties of the estimator of [Formula: see text] when sample observations are autocorrelated and affected by measurement errors. The presence of autocorrelation in production units is very common in many industries like chemical, food processing, pharmaceutical, paper, and mineral. At the same time some amount of measurement error is invariably present in the sample observations due to inaccurate measurement process. In this paper, we discuss the case of a first-order stationary autoregressive process where measurement error follows a Gaussian distribution. The comparison of the statistical properties of the estimator in this case with the error-free case is the subject matter of this paper.
{"title":"Process Capability Cp Assessment for Auto-Correlated Data in the Presence of Measurement Errors","authors":"M. Z. Anis, Kuntal Bera","doi":"10.1142/s0218539322500103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218539322500103","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we shall discuss some statistical properties of the estimator of [Formula: see text] when sample observations are autocorrelated and affected by measurement errors. The presence of autocorrelation in production units is very common in many industries like chemical, food processing, pharmaceutical, paper, and mineral. At the same time some amount of measurement error is invariably present in the sample observations due to inaccurate measurement process. In this paper, we discuss the case of a first-order stationary autoregressive process where measurement error follows a Gaussian distribution. The comparison of the statistical properties of the estimator in this case with the error-free case is the subject matter of this paper.","PeriodicalId":45573,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Reliability Quality and Safety Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81550023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-10DOI: 10.1142/s0218539322500097
A. Salmasnia, Ali Doroudi, Fatemeh Kohan
Nowadays, in competitive market, in order to increase confidence in the quality of products, dealers set a warranty for selling them. This issue seems to have a tremendous effect on attracting more customers, especially when it comes to purchasing second-hand products. In this regard, this paper tends to present a two-dimensional warranty policy for second-hand products containing age and usage in two cases, L-shaped and Rectangular. Since maximizing customer repurchase probability is directly linked with dealer’s profit as well as minimizing costs, dealers ought to consider customer satisfaction. In fact, customer satisfaction depends on warranty length and the expected numbers of failures in the post-warranty period. To demonstrate the characteristics of the model, two comparative studies are conducted to present the effect of bi-objective function on warranty models. Finally, in order to extend insights into the matter, a sensitivity analysis is carried out on the varying parameters.
{"title":"A Flexible Two-Dimensional Warranty in Optimizing the Dealer and Customer Satisfaction","authors":"A. Salmasnia, Ali Doroudi, Fatemeh Kohan","doi":"10.1142/s0218539322500097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218539322500097","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, in competitive market, in order to increase confidence in the quality of products, dealers set a warranty for selling them. This issue seems to have a tremendous effect on attracting more customers, especially when it comes to purchasing second-hand products. In this regard, this paper tends to present a two-dimensional warranty policy for second-hand products containing age and usage in two cases, L-shaped and Rectangular. Since maximizing customer repurchase probability is directly linked with dealer’s profit as well as minimizing costs, dealers ought to consider customer satisfaction. In fact, customer satisfaction depends on warranty length and the expected numbers of failures in the post-warranty period. To demonstrate the characteristics of the model, two comparative studies are conducted to present the effect of bi-objective function on warranty models. Finally, in order to extend insights into the matter, a sensitivity analysis is carried out on the varying parameters.","PeriodicalId":45573,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Reliability Quality and Safety Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86456560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-10DOI: 10.1142/s0218539322500085
Jinhua Ha, Xu Chen
In order to ensure the protection of important data in the face of natural and man-made disasters in data centers in cloud computing services, sufficient backups of the data are required. This paper briefly introduced the security encryption measures for disaster backup of data under cloud computing. The transmission performance during disaster backup was improved by the intelligent ant colony algorithm. Simulation experiments were performed to compare the encryption performance of two encryption algorithms, the Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman (RSA) algorithm and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm, in disaster backup, and the transmission performance of the intelligent ant colony algorithm and the maximum network flow algorithm. The results showed that the asymmetric encryption algorithm and the RSA algorithm had better encryption performance than the AES algorithm in terms of disaster backup; with the increase of backup data volume, the transmission performance of both route assignment algorithms decreased, but the intelligent ant colony algorithm always outperformed the maximum network flow algorithm.
为了确保云计算服务中数据中心的重要数据在面对自然灾害和人为灾害时能够得到保护，需要对数据进行足够的备份。简要介绍了云计算下数据灾难备份的安全加密措施。采用智能蚁群算法提高了灾难备份时的传输性能。通过仿真实验比较了Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman (RSA)算法和Advanced encryption Standard (AES)算法两种加密算法在灾难备份中的加密性能，以及智能蚁群算法和最大网络流量算法的传输性能。结果表明:在灾难备份方面，非对称加密算法和RSA算法的加密性能优于AES算法;随着备份数据量的增加，两种路由分配算法的传输性能都有所下降，但智能蚁群算法始终优于最大网络流量算法。
{"title":"Research on Secure Encryption and Transmission of Disaster Backup of Massive Data Based on Cloud Computing","authors":"Jinhua Ha, Xu Chen","doi":"10.1142/s0218539322500085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218539322500085","url":null,"abstract":"In order to ensure the protection of important data in the face of natural and man-made disasters in data centers in cloud computing services, sufficient backups of the data are required. This paper briefly introduced the security encryption measures for disaster backup of data under cloud computing. The transmission performance during disaster backup was improved by the intelligent ant colony algorithm. Simulation experiments were performed to compare the encryption performance of two encryption algorithms, the Rivest, Shamir, and Adleman (RSA) algorithm and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm, in disaster backup, and the transmission performance of the intelligent ant colony algorithm and the maximum network flow algorithm. The results showed that the asymmetric encryption algorithm and the RSA algorithm had better encryption performance than the AES algorithm in terms of disaster backup; with the increase of backup data volume, the transmission performance of both route assignment algorithms decreased, but the intelligent ant colony algorithm always outperformed the maximum network flow algorithm.","PeriodicalId":45573,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Reliability Quality and Safety Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83098863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-07DOI: 10.1142/s0218539322500127
Guanchen Li, D. Kagaris
In this paper, we study renewals in a system with two components connected in series. Both components can undergo corrective maintenance (i.e., either full replacement/perfect repair or minimal repair) when a failure occurs. When one of the units fails and is correctively maintained, the other one is either preventively replaced (if cost-feasible) or simply left working as is. When a component is minimally repaired or left working as is, its remaining lifetime is reevaluated (“memory effect”) and is taken into consideration in calculating the next renewal. A “coupled” lifetime that combines the lifetimes of the two serially connected components is proposed to represent the joint lifetime of the system. We develop renewal functions based on the coupled lifetimes and show that they follow the classical or generalized renewal theory depending on whether the components work without memory or not. Approximation formulas for the new renewal functions are also obtained and validated by Monte Carlo simulations for various combinations of distributions, and a comparative cost analysis is conducted.
{"title":"Renewals in Systems with Two Serially Connected Components","authors":"Guanchen Li, D. Kagaris","doi":"10.1142/s0218539322500127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218539322500127","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study renewals in a system with two components connected in series. Both components can undergo corrective maintenance (i.e., either full replacement/perfect repair or minimal repair) when a failure occurs. When one of the units fails and is correctively maintained, the other one is either preventively replaced (if cost-feasible) or simply left working as is. When a component is minimally repaired or left working as is, its remaining lifetime is reevaluated (“memory effect”) and is taken into consideration in calculating the next renewal. A “coupled” lifetime that combines the lifetimes of the two serially connected components is proposed to represent the joint lifetime of the system. We develop renewal functions based on the coupled lifetimes and show that they follow the classical or generalized renewal theory depending on whether the components work without memory or not. Approximation formulas for the new renewal functions are also obtained and validated by Monte Carlo simulations for various combinations of distributions, and a comparative cost analysis is conducted.","PeriodicalId":45573,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Reliability Quality and Safety Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72897472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-07DOI: 10.1142/s0218539322500115
Samiha Mansouri, Latifa Ouzizi, Y. Aoura, M. Douimi
To minimize waste and scrap, reworking becomes an integral part of many manufacturing companies. In this study, the integrated production-quality planning in the tactical horizon considering the customer demand uncertainty is presented. A mixed-integer programming model is developed to find optimal dynamic planning production which minimizes costs and reduces the scrap. After each production cycle, the quality indicators and relative costs for good and poor quality are performed. These indicators are introduced into the developed model to determine the optimal production orders and stock levels considering the reworked and scrapped products. A real case study is presented to illustrate the applicability of the proposed model. By comparing the obtained results with real results from studied company, we proved that this new model gives an optimal production plan.
{"title":"Designing of Integrated Tactical Production-Quality Planning in a Rolling Horizon Under Demand Uncertainty: Case Study in the Automotive Wire Harness Industry","authors":"Samiha Mansouri, Latifa Ouzizi, Y. Aoura, M. Douimi","doi":"10.1142/s0218539322500115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218539322500115","url":null,"abstract":"To minimize waste and scrap, reworking becomes an integral part of many manufacturing companies. In this study, the integrated production-quality planning in the tactical horizon considering the customer demand uncertainty is presented. A mixed-integer programming model is developed to find optimal dynamic planning production which minimizes costs and reduces the scrap. After each production cycle, the quality indicators and relative costs for good and poor quality are performed. These indicators are introduced into the developed model to determine the optimal production orders and stock levels considering the reworked and scrapped products. A real case study is presented to illustrate the applicability of the proposed model. By comparing the obtained results with real results from studied company, we proved that this new model gives an optimal production plan.","PeriodicalId":45573,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Reliability Quality and Safety Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83395846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-04DOI: 10.1142/s0218539322500139
Shozab Khurshid, Javaid Iqbal, I. Malik, Basrah Yousuf
This paper presents a software reliability growth model framework modeled from a non-homogenous poisson process (NHPP). Invariably, software testing continues to be a paramount measure for validating the standard of software. Test coverage measures appraise and estimate the proportion and gradation of testing in software. Therefore, presenting a correct picture of the test coverage becomes a prime requisite to guarantee software reliability. As an enhancement over the existing models, the proposed model integrates testing coverage (TC), error propagation, and fault withdrawal efficiency while keeping the number of parameters restrained to make the framework more reliable for parameter estimation. A relative analysis to assess the efficacy of the proposed model and some existing models has been carried out on the failure data obtained from three real-world software applications using six comparison criteria. Finally, the weighted criteria rank method has been used to rank the models and assess their performance. In addition, sensitivity analysis has been carried out to demonstrate the effect of the parameters of the proposed model on the mean value function.
{"title":"Modelling of NHPP Based Software Reliability Growth Model from the Perspective of Testing Coverage, Error Propagation and Fault Withdrawal Efficiency","authors":"Shozab Khurshid, Javaid Iqbal, I. Malik, Basrah Yousuf","doi":"10.1142/s0218539322500139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218539322500139","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a software reliability growth model framework modeled from a non-homogenous poisson process (NHPP). Invariably, software testing continues to be a paramount measure for validating the standard of software. Test coverage measures appraise and estimate the proportion and gradation of testing in software. Therefore, presenting a correct picture of the test coverage becomes a prime requisite to guarantee software reliability. As an enhancement over the existing models, the proposed model integrates testing coverage (TC), error propagation, and fault withdrawal efficiency while keeping the number of parameters restrained to make the framework more reliable for parameter estimation. A relative analysis to assess the efficacy of the proposed model and some existing models has been carried out on the failure data obtained from three real-world software applications using six comparison criteria. Finally, the weighted criteria rank method has been used to rank the models and assess their performance. In addition, sensitivity analysis has been carried out to demonstrate the effect of the parameters of the proposed model on the mean value function.","PeriodicalId":45573,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Reliability Quality and Safety Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89003861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-25DOI: 10.1142/s021853932240006x
Qi Chang, Xiajie Pan, N. Manikandan, S. Ramesh
The term “Artificial Intelligence” (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence on a computer. Higher education can benefit from AI because it is a computationally efficient paradigm. Learning adapted to the changing demands of students is one of the key educational advantages of AI. Students can modify the pace of a course to better competency. Poor faculty and teaching quality and a general lack of motivation and interest among students are among the difficulties facing higher education. An artificial intelligence-assisted integrated teaching–learning framework (AL-ITLF) for higher education is proposed in this research. Multiple tutoring services are also involved in the curriculum, which is skill-based. The extreme learning machine (ELM) technique evaluates designs integrated into the suitable student monitoring model weighted score (WS) and exam results. An educational model that is more efficient, adaptable, and effective than current traditional education has been developed due to AI research in higher education. Higher education’s use of AI has resulted in a more efficient, adaptive, and effective educational model than traditional schooling. High accuracy, higher performance, lower processing costs, and a high prediction and low error rate are advantages of the suggested AI-ITLF approach. The WS and exam results were evaluated using an ELM algorithm as part of a proper student monitoring model.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Teaching and Learning in Higher Education","authors":"Qi Chang, Xiajie Pan, N. Manikandan, S. Ramesh","doi":"10.1142/s021853932240006x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s021853932240006x","url":null,"abstract":"The term “Artificial Intelligence” (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence on a computer. Higher education can benefit from AI because it is a computationally efficient paradigm. Learning adapted to the changing demands of students is one of the key educational advantages of AI. Students can modify the pace of a course to better competency. Poor faculty and teaching quality and a general lack of motivation and interest among students are among the difficulties facing higher education. An artificial intelligence-assisted integrated teaching–learning framework (AL-ITLF) for higher education is proposed in this research. Multiple tutoring services are also involved in the curriculum, which is skill-based. The extreme learning machine (ELM) technique evaluates designs integrated into the suitable student monitoring model weighted score (WS) and exam results. An educational model that is more efficient, adaptable, and effective than current traditional education has been developed due to AI research in higher education. Higher education’s use of AI has resulted in a more efficient, adaptive, and effective educational model than traditional schooling. High accuracy, higher performance, lower processing costs, and a high prediction and low error rate are advantages of the suggested AI-ITLF approach. The WS and exam results were evaluated using an ELM algorithm as part of a proper student monitoring model.","PeriodicalId":45573,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Reliability Quality and Safety Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91044407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-25DOI: 10.1142/s0218539322400046
Hongyan Jiang
With one-tap check-ins, digital concierge services, voice-activated gadgets, chatbots, smart in-room technology, and advanced analytics, the hotel sector has been quickly embracing new technologies to meet and exceed consumer expectations and digitize the customer experiences. The traditional hotel management with internet-based customer service could not handle dynamic real-time data efficiently due to increased data volume. Thus, this work analyzes hotel management practices with the internet of things (IoT) and big data. The IoT and big data significantly impact the guest experience since businesses can provide consumers with unique services to their needs. Automated check-in and checkout, pre-booking, registration, and user-chosen payment methods are just a few self-services that improve the visitor experience. For enhancing visitor satisfaction and offering tailored services, this paper looks at how IoT and big data analytics can help the hotel sector. It moreover examines how IoT can be used within the business. This extended research finds excellent results in hotel management through IoT and big data. A client occupancy detection model (CODM) simulation scenario finds the best detection accuracy of 97.51%.
{"title":"Research on Hotel Management Based on Internet of Things and Big Data Analysis","authors":"Hongyan Jiang","doi":"10.1142/s0218539322400046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218539322400046","url":null,"abstract":"With one-tap check-ins, digital concierge services, voice-activated gadgets, chatbots, smart in-room technology, and advanced analytics, the hotel sector has been quickly embracing new technologies to meet and exceed consumer expectations and digitize the customer experiences. The traditional hotel management with internet-based customer service could not handle dynamic real-time data efficiently due to increased data volume. Thus, this work analyzes hotel management practices with the internet of things (IoT) and big data. The IoT and big data significantly impact the guest experience since businesses can provide consumers with unique services to their needs. Automated check-in and checkout, pre-booking, registration, and user-chosen payment methods are just a few self-services that improve the visitor experience. For enhancing visitor satisfaction and offering tailored services, this paper looks at how IoT and big data analytics can help the hotel sector. It moreover examines how IoT can be used within the business. This extended research finds excellent results in hotel management through IoT and big data. A client occupancy detection model (CODM) simulation scenario finds the best detection accuracy of 97.51%.","PeriodicalId":45573,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Reliability Quality and Safety Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89129537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/09617353.2022.2187143
Jacqueline A. Ward
{"title":"Managing Editor’s remarks","authors":"Jacqueline A. Ward","doi":"10.1080/09617353.2022.2187143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09617353.2022.2187143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45573,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Reliability Quality and Safety Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78613537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/09617353.2022.2145647
Sergio Jimeno Altelarrea, A. Riaz, M. Guenov
Abstract STPA is a hazard assessment technique that represents systems as hierarchical control structures composed of feedback control loops. Existing computational support focuses on creating the diagrams that depict these hierarchies. However, the elements in the loops and the signals exchanged must be determined manually. This impedes safety assessment, thus reducing the number of designs that can potentially be explored. Furthermore, the manual approach does not guarantee the correct update of the architecture with changes resulting from safety assessment, which can make the architecture inconsistent with the safety assessment. To overcome these limitations, proposed for the first time are two methods that automate the creation of: (1) hierarchical control structures and (2) detailed control loops. The methods create STPA models by analysing the architecture, which is modelled as a graph. The concept is illustrated with a representative example of a wheel brake system. The resulting models are compared with those obtained manually by the authors of STPA. The automation is shown to significantly reduce the required time and effort. It was also found to ensure consistency among the safety analysis and the architecture definition as it requires safety features to be included in the architecture before being considered in STPA analysis.
{"title":"STPA enabled safety assessment in the architecting of complex systems","authors":"Sergio Jimeno Altelarrea, A. Riaz, M. Guenov","doi":"10.1080/09617353.2022.2145647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09617353.2022.2145647","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract STPA is a hazard assessment technique that represents systems as hierarchical control structures composed of feedback control loops. Existing computational support focuses on creating the diagrams that depict these hierarchies. However, the elements in the loops and the signals exchanged must be determined manually. This impedes safety assessment, thus reducing the number of designs that can potentially be explored. Furthermore, the manual approach does not guarantee the correct update of the architecture with changes resulting from safety assessment, which can make the architecture inconsistent with the safety assessment. To overcome these limitations, proposed for the first time are two methods that automate the creation of: (1) hierarchical control structures and (2) detailed control loops. The methods create STPA models by analysing the architecture, which is modelled as a graph. The concept is illustrated with a representative example of a wheel brake system. The resulting models are compared with those obtained manually by the authors of STPA. The automation is shown to significantly reduce the required time and effort. It was also found to ensure consistency among the safety analysis and the architecture definition as it requires safety features to be included in the architecture before being considered in STPA analysis.","PeriodicalId":45573,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Reliability Quality and Safety Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80657407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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