Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-33-38
N. Resnina, A. Ivanov, Feodor Belyaev, Alexander Volkov, S. Belyaev
The aim of the present paper is to simulate the strain variation on isothermal holding of Ni-rich NiTi alloy under various regimes. The modified Likhachev-Volkov microstructural model and a new Nelder-Mead algorithm for the determination of the model parameters were used. To determine the model parameters, the experimental data obtained during holding of the Ni 51 Ti 49 alloy under a stress of 200 MPa were chosen. Using these parameters, the strain variation on holding of the NiTi alloy under a stress in two regimes was simulated. It was shown that the modified Likhachev-Volkov microstructural model allowed one to calculate the isothermal strain variation on holding after cooling under a stress (Regime 1) and a good correlation between the theoretical and experimental results were found. At the same time, the simulation of the strain variation on holding after active deformation (Regime 2) did not fit to experimental data because the model did not consider the difference in the stored elastic energy in two regimes. It was shown that a decrease in the elastic energy stored during the transformation increased the strain during holding under a stress after active deformation and made the simulated curves to be close to the experimental.
本文的目的是模拟不同条件下富镍NiTi合金等温保温时的应变变化。采用改进的Likhachev-Volkov微观结构模型和新的Nelder-Mead算法确定模型参数。为了确定模型参数，选取了Ni 51 Ti 49合金在200 MPa应力下保温的实验数据。利用这些参数，模拟了两种应力状态下NiTi合金的应变变化规律。结果表明，改进的Likhachev-Volkov微观结构模型可以计算出在应力状态1下冷却后保温的等温应变变化，理论结果与实验结果具有良好的相关性。同时，由于模型没有考虑两种状态下储存弹性能的差异，对主动变形(状态2)后保持时的应变变化的模拟与实验数据不拟合。结果表明，在主动变形后的应力作用下，变形过程中所储存的弹性能的减少增加了保持过程中的应变，使模拟曲线与实验曲线更为接近。
{"title":"Simulation of recoverable strain variation during isothermal holding of the Ni51Ti49 alloy under various regimes","authors":"N. Resnina, A. Ivanov, Feodor Belyaev, Alexander Volkov, S. Belyaev","doi":"10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-33-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-33-38","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present paper is to simulate the strain variation on isothermal holding of Ni-rich NiTi alloy under various regimes. The modified Likhachev-Volkov microstructural model and a new Nelder-Mead algorithm for the determination of the model parameters were used. To determine the model parameters, the experimental data obtained during holding of the Ni 51 Ti 49 alloy under a stress of 200 MPa were chosen. Using these parameters, the strain variation on holding of the NiTi alloy under a stress in two regimes was simulated. It was shown that the modified Likhachev-Volkov microstructural model allowed one to calculate the isothermal strain variation on holding after cooling under a stress (Regime 1) and a good correlation between the theoretical and experimental results were found. At the same time, the simulation of the strain variation on holding after active deformation (Regime 2) did not fit to experimental data because the model did not consider the difference in the stored elastic energy in two regimes. It was shown that a decrease in the elastic energy stored during the transformation increased the strain during holding under a stress after active deformation and made the simulated curves to be close to the experimental.","PeriodicalId":45792,"journal":{"name":"Letters on Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45738171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-67-72
A. Zisman, N. Zolotorevsky, S. Petrov, N. Ermakova
Derived by means of EBSD, statistics of crystal curvature in quenched low carbon steel is analyzed with allowance for its transformation kinetics in terms of dilatometry data. Based on curvature spectra sensitive to the distribution of dislocation density, fractions of martensite and bainite are quantified at high and low cooling rates. Distinction between the resulting microstructures is ascribed to various proportions of their athermal and thermally activated (rate-dependent) constituents.
{"title":"Effect of cooling rate on the bainite fraction in low carbon martensitic steel: combined analysis of transformation kinetics and crystal curvature","authors":"A. Zisman, N. Zolotorevsky, S. Petrov, N. Ermakova","doi":"10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-67-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-67-72","url":null,"abstract":"Derived by means of EBSD, statistics of crystal curvature in quenched low carbon steel is analyzed with allowance for its transformation kinetics in terms of dilatometry data. Based on curvature spectra sensitive to the distribution of dislocation density, fractions of martensite and bainite are quantified at high and low cooling rates. Distinction between the resulting microstructures is ascribed to various proportions of their athermal and thermally activated (rate-dependent) constituents.","PeriodicalId":45792,"journal":{"name":"Letters on Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42631172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-62-66
A. Sibirev, M. Alchibaev, Sergei Belyaev, N. Resnina, I. Palani, S. Jayachandran, Anshu Sahu
{"title":"Functional properties of NiTi / Kapton nanocomposites deposited by electronic beam evaporation","authors":"A. Sibirev, M. Alchibaev, Sergei Belyaev, N. Resnina, I. Palani, S. Jayachandran, Anshu Sahu","doi":"10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-62-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-62-66","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45792,"journal":{"name":"Letters on Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44482747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-14-19
E. Merson, V. Poluyanov, A. Polunin, P. Myagkikh, D. Merson, A. Vinogradov
Magnesium alloys preliminary immersed in a corrosion solution suffer from embrittlement, referred to as pre-exposure stress corrosion cracking (PESCC). It was suggested that PESCC can be attributed to the corrosion product film-induced stress (CPFIS), which is known to be responsible for SCC in many alloys. However, the internal stress associated with the formation of the corrosion products (CP) layer on Mg alloys have not been investigated as yet. Thus, in the present study, the internal residual stresses of the first and second kinds were assessed in the alloy ZK60 exposed to the corrosion solution, using the deflection of the thin plate and by the X-ray diffraction technique, respectively. It is found that the deposition of CP on the surface of the alloy ZK60 creates the compressive internal stresses of both kinds — I and II. The macro residual stress of the kind I in the thin plate is found to be not exceeding 3 MPa, while the micro residual stress of the second type in the surface layer of 20 – 30 µm can be as high as 290 MPa and cause plastic deformation of the bare metal with the internal stress which cannot be relieved by the removal of CP.
{"title":"Assessing residual stresses in the surface layer of the ZK60 alloy after an exposure to corrosion solution","authors":"E. Merson, V. Poluyanov, A. Polunin, P. Myagkikh, D. Merson, A. Vinogradov","doi":"10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-14-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-14-19","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium alloys preliminary immersed in a corrosion solution suffer from embrittlement, referred to as pre-exposure stress corrosion cracking (PESCC). It was suggested that PESCC can be attributed to the corrosion product film-induced stress (CPFIS), which is known to be responsible for SCC in many alloys. However, the internal stress associated with the formation of the corrosion products (CP) layer on Mg alloys have not been investigated as yet. Thus, in the present study, the internal residual stresses of the first and second kinds were assessed in the alloy ZK60 exposed to the corrosion solution, using the deflection of the thin plate and by the X-ray diffraction technique, respectively. It is found that the deposition of CP on the surface of the alloy ZK60 creates the compressive internal stresses of both kinds — I and II. The macro residual stress of the kind I in the thin plate is found to be not exceeding 3 MPa, while the micro residual stress of the second type in the surface layer of 20 – 30 µm can be as high as 290 MPa and cause plastic deformation of the bare metal with the internal stress which cannot be relieved by the removal of CP.","PeriodicalId":45792,"journal":{"name":"Letters on Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41469853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-28-32
S. Astafurov, E. Melnikov, M. Panchenko, Kseniia Reunova, A. Luchin, E. Zagibalova, E. Astafurova, E. Kolubaev
{"title":"Strain-rate dependent deformation behavior of additively manufactured stainless steel with different fractions of δ-ferrite","authors":"S. Astafurov, E. Melnikov, M. Panchenko, Kseniia Reunova, A. Luchin, E. Zagibalova, E. Astafurova, E. Kolubaev","doi":"10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-28-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-28-32","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45792,"journal":{"name":"Letters on Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45614529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-39-44
I. Bogush, N. Plugotarenko, T. Myasoedova, V. Ptashnik
{"title":"Physico-chemical properties of silicon-carbon films obtained by electrochemical deposition","authors":"I. Bogush, N. Plugotarenko, T. Myasoedova, V. Ptashnik","doi":"10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-39-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-39-44","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45792,"journal":{"name":"Letters on Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42840658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-85-89
M. Konovalov, V. Lad’yanov, M. Mokrushina, V. Karev
{"title":"Influence of carbon on the structural-phase composition and hardness of steel ingots of the Fe-Cr-Mo-N-C system obtained by the SHS method under nitrogen pressure","authors":"M. Konovalov, V. Lad’yanov, M. Mokrushina, V. Karev","doi":"10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-85-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-85-89","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45792,"journal":{"name":"Letters on Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43036289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-56-61
V. Shadrin, A. Svistkov, K. Mokhireva, O. Garishin
The features of experiments with dumbbell specimens performed to determine the mechanical properties of filled elastomers are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on testing materials that experience a complex loading history. Experiments such as cyclic loading with increasing amplitude of deformations and with nested stress / strain cycles are considered. It has been established that the rate of change of the stretch ratio in the central part (gauge section) of the specimen significantly differs from that calculated from the analysis of the positions of the grips. This difference manifests itself more prominently in the experiments with complex loading algorithms. The reason is that the viscoelastic properties and the Mullins effect of the filled elastomer are different in the central part of the specimen and at its ends near the grips. The presence of inhomogeneous deformation in the gauge section leads to additional difficulties associated with finding constants for constitutive equations. Besides, this phenomenon complicates a comparison of the mechanical properties of different materials, because detailed information on their behavior can be obtained in complex experiments only. So, experiments with straight specimens or rings with a rectangular cross-section offer more possibilities for studying the mechanical properties of filled elastomers than the experiments with dumbbell specimens.
{"title":"Peculiarities of using dumbbell specimens made of elastomeric materials subject to finite deformation in complex loading tests","authors":"V. Shadrin, A. Svistkov, K. Mokhireva, O. Garishin","doi":"10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-56-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-56-61","url":null,"abstract":"The features of experiments with dumbbell specimens performed to determine the mechanical properties of filled elastomers are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on testing materials that experience a complex loading history. Experiments such as cyclic loading with increasing amplitude of deformations and with nested stress / strain cycles are considered. It has been established that the rate of change of the stretch ratio in the central part (gauge section) of the specimen significantly differs from that calculated from the analysis of the positions of the grips. This difference manifests itself more prominently in the experiments with complex loading algorithms. The reason is that the viscoelastic properties and the Mullins effect of the filled elastomer are different in the central part of the specimen and at its ends near the grips. The presence of inhomogeneous deformation in the gauge section leads to additional difficulties associated with finding constants for constitutive equations. Besides, this phenomenon complicates a comparison of the mechanical properties of different materials, because detailed information on their behavior can be obtained in complex experiments only. So, experiments with straight specimens or rings with a rectangular cross-section offer more possibilities for studying the mechanical properties of filled elastomers than the experiments with dumbbell specimens.","PeriodicalId":45792,"journal":{"name":"Letters on Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49216288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-20-27
Yuri Zakharov, G. Simenyuk, Tatiana Sergina, N. Ivanova, T. Larichev, I. Zykov, Yulia N. Dudnikova
Carbon matrix nanocomposites C / Au and C / Mn x O y are obtained by a reduction of HAuCl 4 and KMnO 4 precursor solutions with single-walled carbon nanotubes or highly porous carbon materials obtained by high-temperature alkaline activation of various metamorphism degree coals. The morphology of the nanocomposite materials is studied by the electron microscopy. It is found that the filler introduction slightly reduces the specific surface of matrices and, due to the blocking of meso-and micropore volumes, filler nanoparticles do not precipitate in the pores of a predominantly microporous matrix and partially decorate them in mixed-type matrices (meso-and micropores). Nanocomposites have been studied as supercapacitor electrode materials. It is established that decorating the matrix surface with both types fillers (Au, which increases the electrical double layer capacitance, and Mn x O y , which is electrochemically active in a given potential window due to the occurrence of Red-O x electrode processes) results in an increase in the supercapacitor electrodes capacitance. The most significant effect is observed for composites based on the SWCNT and highly porous Boghead in the region of high potential scan rates by a factor of 3.4 – 4.5, and in the region of low rates (2.5 – 2.8), depending on the filler. The results obtained allow one to consider the composites C / Au and C / Mn x O y as promising materials for the development of SC electrodes.
{"title":"Carbon matrix nanostructured composites as a new type of supercapacitor electrode materials","authors":"Yuri Zakharov, G. Simenyuk, Tatiana Sergina, N. Ivanova, T. Larichev, I. Zykov, Yulia N. Dudnikova","doi":"10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-20-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-20-27","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon matrix nanocomposites C / Au and C / Mn x O y are obtained by a reduction of HAuCl 4 and KMnO 4 precursor solutions with single-walled carbon nanotubes or highly porous carbon materials obtained by high-temperature alkaline activation of various metamorphism degree coals. The morphology of the nanocomposite materials is studied by the electron microscopy. It is found that the filler introduction slightly reduces the specific surface of matrices and, due to the blocking of meso-and micropore volumes, filler nanoparticles do not precipitate in the pores of a predominantly microporous matrix and partially decorate them in mixed-type matrices (meso-and micropores). Nanocomposites have been studied as supercapacitor electrode materials. It is established that decorating the matrix surface with both types fillers (Au, which increases the electrical double layer capacitance, and Mn x O y , which is electrochemically active in a given potential window due to the occurrence of Red-O x electrode processes) results in an increase in the supercapacitor electrodes capacitance. The most significant effect is observed for composites based on the SWCNT and highly porous Boghead in the region of high potential scan rates by a factor of 3.4 – 4.5, and in the region of low rates (2.5 – 2.8), depending on the filler. The results obtained allow one to consider the composites C / Au and C / Mn x O y as promising materials for the development of SC electrodes.","PeriodicalId":45792,"journal":{"name":"Letters on Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46332904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-3-8
O. Novikova, A. Kostina, E. Volkova, Yu. A. Salamatov, A. Glukhov, A. Volkov, V. Marchenkov, V. Gaviko, Yuriy Ustyugov
{"title":"Signs of the presence of an ordered phase in the Cu-5.9 at.% Pd alloy after its long-term annealing at a moderate temperature","authors":"O. Novikova, A. Kostina, E. Volkova, Yu. A. Salamatov, A. Glukhov, A. Volkov, V. Marchenkov, V. Gaviko, Yuriy Ustyugov","doi":"10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-3-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-3-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45792,"journal":{"name":"Letters on Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46606414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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