Pub Date : 2021-04-02DOI: 10.1080/08934215.2021.1907427
Keren Eyal, Tali Te'eni-Harari, Matan Aharoni
Based on cultivation theory, this study addresses television content as a core contributor to socialization processes in early childhood. The study involved an in-depth thematic analysis of early childhood socialization agents on television channels targeting young children. The analysis revealed young viewers are presented with a world saturated by supportive friendships but few and weak representations of adults. Friends dominate the boundary-free imaginary world at the center of televised narratives. Adults are often delegated to the plots’ margins and are rarely presented as authority figures. Implications are discussed in light of the child viewers’ developmental characteristics.
{"title":"The World Belongs to the Young: Representation of Socialization Agents in Early Childhood Television Content","authors":"Keren Eyal, Tali Te'eni-Harari, Matan Aharoni","doi":"10.1080/08934215.2021.1907427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2021.1907427","url":null,"abstract":"Based on cultivation theory, this study addresses television content as a core contributor to socialization processes in early childhood. The study involved an in-depth thematic analysis of early childhood socialization agents on television channels targeting young children. The analysis revealed young viewers are presented with a world saturated by supportive friendships but few and weak representations of adults. Friends dominate the boundary-free imaginary world at the center of televised narratives. Adults are often delegated to the plots’ margins and are rarely presented as authority figures. Implications are discussed in light of the child viewers’ developmental characteristics.","PeriodicalId":45913,"journal":{"name":"Communication Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08934215.2021.1907427","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48110902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/08934215.2020.1869281
Brian Klebig, Lindsay S. Hahn, Ron Tamborini, Melinda R. Aley, Henry Goble, Joshua Baldwin
Recent research suggests that political beliefs in different geographic locations shape religious groups’ sensitivity toward and representation of moral intuitions. Guided by moral foundations theory, we test this possibility with content analysis. We compared moral intuitions represented in church sermons of one religious denomination located in counties with liberal versus conservative voting records. Fifty-eight sermons based on identical biblical texts were selected from churches located in 28 liberal and 30 conservative counties throughout the United States. Chi-square analyses revealed: (1) sermons from conservative counties featured more moral intuitions overall than sermons from liberal counties, and (2) ingroup loyalty was overrepresented in sermons from conservative counties.
{"title":"The Influence of Prevailing Regional Political Narratives on Intuitions Featured in Religious Messages","authors":"Brian Klebig, Lindsay S. Hahn, Ron Tamborini, Melinda R. Aley, Henry Goble, Joshua Baldwin","doi":"10.1080/08934215.2020.1869281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2020.1869281","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research suggests that political beliefs in different geographic locations shape religious groups’ sensitivity toward and representation of moral intuitions. Guided by moral foundations theory, we test this possibility with content analysis. We compared moral intuitions represented in church sermons of one religious denomination located in counties with liberal versus conservative voting records. Fifty-eight sermons based on identical biblical texts were selected from churches located in 28 liberal and 30 conservative counties throughout the United States. Chi-square analyses revealed: (1) sermons from conservative counties featured more moral intuitions overall than sermons from liberal counties, and (2) ingroup loyalty was overrepresented in sermons from conservative counties.","PeriodicalId":45913,"journal":{"name":"Communication Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08934215.2020.1869281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41895201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/08934215.2020.1866630
J. A. Courtright, Scott E. Caplan
This manuscript reports an experiment in which undergraduate confederates interacted with naïve participants. At 5-min into a 7-min interaction, the confederate manipulated their cell phone: (1) phone rings, confederate ignores; (2) phone rings, confederate picks up; or (3) confederate proactively checks cell phone. Both the participants and the confederates were video recorded for the entire 7 min. In addition, participants filled out a questionnaire at the end of the interaction. The videos were coded and analyzed to determine what behavioral reactions, if any, were related to responses on the questionnaire. The data indicated that participants who looked away from the confederate after phone manipulation had significantly more negative perceptions of the confederate than those who emitted other behaviors.
{"title":"Behavioral Responses to Phone Snubbing","authors":"J. A. Courtright, Scott E. Caplan","doi":"10.1080/08934215.2020.1866630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2020.1866630","url":null,"abstract":"This manuscript reports an experiment in which undergraduate confederates interacted with naïve participants. At 5-min into a 7-min interaction, the confederate manipulated their cell phone: (1) phone rings, confederate ignores; (2) phone rings, confederate picks up; or (3) confederate proactively checks cell phone. Both the participants and the confederates were video recorded for the entire 7 min. In addition, participants filled out a questionnaire at the end of the interaction. The videos were coded and analyzed to determine what behavioral reactions, if any, were related to responses on the questionnaire. The data indicated that participants who looked away from the confederate after phone manipulation had significantly more negative perceptions of the confederate than those who emitted other behaviors.","PeriodicalId":45913,"journal":{"name":"Communication Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08934215.2020.1866630","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46015753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.1080/08934215.2020.1856901
San Bolkan
Instructors often tell stories in class as a way of explaining course material. And, the use of stories can lead to improvements in student learning. What has yet to be explained, however, is how stories might lead to changes in students’ knowledge. Using cognitive theory of multimedia learning as a guide, the current study examined data from 231 students to determine how instructional storytelling associated with students’ perceived cognitive learning operationalized as students’ cognitive interest. Results supported the contention that when instructors used course-oriented, concrete, and memorable stories, they increased students’ perceptions of cognitive interest both directly and indirectly through an increase in their attention and their perceptions of organization and integration.
{"title":"Storytelling in the Classroom: Facilitating Cognitive Interest by Promoting Attention, Structure, and Meaningfulness","authors":"San Bolkan","doi":"10.1080/08934215.2020.1856901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2020.1856901","url":null,"abstract":"Instructors often tell stories in class as a way of explaining course material. And, the use of stories can lead to improvements in student learning. What has yet to be explained, however, is how stories might lead to changes in students’ knowledge. Using cognitive theory of multimedia learning as a guide, the current study examined data from 231 students to determine how instructional storytelling associated with students’ perceived cognitive learning operationalized as students’ cognitive interest. Results supported the contention that when instructors used course-oriented, concrete, and memorable stories, they increased students’ perceptions of cognitive interest both directly and indirectly through an increase in their attention and their perceptions of organization and integration.","PeriodicalId":45913,"journal":{"name":"Communication Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08934215.2020.1856901","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48097170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-08DOI: 10.1080/08934215.2020.1859573
Paul Schrodt, Xavier Scruggs
This study examined young adults’ shared family identity (SFI) with parents as correlates of family communication patterns (i.e., conversation and conformity orientations). Participants included 235 young adults from a private university in the southwest. Results indicated that conversation orientation is positively associated with SFI with both mother and father. One dimension of conformity orientation, respect for parental authority, was inversely associated with SFI with mother and father, whereas two other dimensions, parental control and pressure to adopt parental values, were inversely associated only with SFI with mother. Regression analyses revealed that conversation orientation was a significant predictor of SFI with both parents, although conformity orientation moderated this association for SFI with mother.
{"title":"Young Adults’ Shared Family Identity with Parents as a Function of Family Communication Patterns","authors":"Paul Schrodt, Xavier Scruggs","doi":"10.1080/08934215.2020.1859573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2020.1859573","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined young adults’ shared family identity (SFI) with parents as correlates of family communication patterns (i.e., conversation and conformity orientations). Participants included 235 young adults from a private university in the southwest. Results indicated that conversation orientation is positively associated with SFI with both mother and father. One dimension of conformity orientation, respect for parental authority, was inversely associated with SFI with mother and father, whereas two other dimensions, parental control and pressure to adopt parental values, were inversely associated only with SFI with mother. Regression analyses revealed that conversation orientation was a significant predictor of SFI with both parents, although conformity orientation moderated this association for SFI with mother.","PeriodicalId":45913,"journal":{"name":"Communication Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08934215.2020.1859573","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41491777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/08934215.2020.1817517
Jenna R. LaFreniere
This study tested young adults’ perceptions of their parents’ communication competence as a mediating variable in the relationship between their demand/withdraw patterns and closeness with each parent. Participants included 280 young adult children. Bootstrapping analyses revealed that perceptions of each parent’s communication competence functioned as an important explanatory mechanism linking the adverse effects of parents and young adults engaging in demand/withdraw interactions and parent-young adult closeness. This finding underscores the significance of healthy relational communication between parents and older children and perceptions of parents’ ability to communicate in ways that display clarity, appropriateness, and effectiveness. Implications are provided.
{"title":"A Closer Look at Young Adult-Parent Relationships: Examining Demand/Withdraw Patterns and Communication Competence","authors":"Jenna R. LaFreniere","doi":"10.1080/08934215.2020.1817517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2020.1817517","url":null,"abstract":"This study tested young adults’ perceptions of their parents’ communication competence as a mediating variable in the relationship between their demand/withdraw patterns and closeness with each parent. Participants included 280 young adult children. Bootstrapping analyses revealed that perceptions of each parent’s communication competence functioned as an important explanatory mechanism linking the adverse effects of parents and young adults engaging in demand/withdraw interactions and parent-young adult closeness. This finding underscores the significance of healthy relational communication between parents and older children and perceptions of parents’ ability to communicate in ways that display clarity, appropriateness, and effectiveness. Implications are provided.","PeriodicalId":45913,"journal":{"name":"Communication Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08934215.2020.1817517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47119126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-30DOI: 10.1080/08934215.2020.1811365
Scott Parrott, A. Billings, Samuel D. Hakim, Patrick Gentile
A number of professional athletes have used social media to disclose personal experience with mental illness, including NBA All-Stars DeMar DeRozan and Kevin Love in 2018. The disclosures could serve to challenge the stigmatization of mental illness, given the positive social standing of professional athletes and the potential power of parasocial relationships in health promotion and behavior. The present study quantitatively examined 3,366 fan responses to the mental health disclosures of both athletes, unpacking the extent to which fan commentary perpetuated or challenged the stigmatization of depression and anxiety. Fans provided overwhelmingly positive response to the athletes’ mental health disclosures, creating a normative environment in which disclosure translated into acceptance rather than rejection. While more frequently offering messages of advice and strength to DeRozan, fans were more likely to offer messages of encouragement and personal experiences with mental illness to Love.
{"title":"From #endthestigma to #realman: Stigma-Challenging Social Media Responses to NBA Players’ Mental Health Disclosures","authors":"Scott Parrott, A. Billings, Samuel D. Hakim, Patrick Gentile","doi":"10.1080/08934215.2020.1811365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2020.1811365","url":null,"abstract":"A number of professional athletes have used social media to disclose personal experience with mental illness, including NBA All-Stars DeMar DeRozan and Kevin Love in 2018. The disclosures could serve to challenge the stigmatization of mental illness, given the positive social standing of professional athletes and the potential power of parasocial relationships in health promotion and behavior. The present study quantitatively examined 3,366 fan responses to the mental health disclosures of both athletes, unpacking the extent to which fan commentary perpetuated or challenged the stigmatization of depression and anxiety. Fans provided overwhelmingly positive response to the athletes’ mental health disclosures, creating a normative environment in which disclosure translated into acceptance rather than rejection. While more frequently offering messages of advice and strength to DeRozan, fans were more likely to offer messages of encouragement and personal experiences with mental illness to Love.","PeriodicalId":45913,"journal":{"name":"Communication Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08934215.2020.1811365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46081014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-25DOI: 10.1080/08934215.2020.1803389
Leah Dajches, J. S. Aubrey
Although content analytic research has examined casual sexual scripts in television programming, less is known about how the relational context of sexual behaviors is depicted by age. Using a sample of U.S. tween, teen, and young-adult television programs from 2016, we analyzed how relational status varies by type of sexual behavior and presumed age of the target audience. Results show sexual intercourse behaviors are most frequently depicted within the context of a hookup or casual sex interaction, whereas precursory sexual behaviors (flirting, kissing, and touching) are more commonly portrayed in committed relationships. Findings further suggest tween shows exclusively depicted sexual behaviors in the context of committed relationships, hookups are just as frequent in teen shows as they are in young-adult shows, and casual sex relationships are more likely to occur in young-adult shows than in teen shows.
{"title":"Defining the Relationship: An Examination of Sexual Behaviors and Relational Contexts across Tween, Teen, and Young Adult U.S. Television","authors":"Leah Dajches, J. S. Aubrey","doi":"10.1080/08934215.2020.1803389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2020.1803389","url":null,"abstract":"Although content analytic research has examined casual sexual scripts in television programming, less is known about how the relational context of sexual behaviors is depicted by age. Using a sample of U.S. tween, teen, and young-adult television programs from 2016, we analyzed how relational status varies by type of sexual behavior and presumed age of the target audience. Results show sexual intercourse behaviors are most frequently depicted within the context of a hookup or casual sex interaction, whereas precursory sexual behaviors (flirting, kissing, and touching) are more commonly portrayed in committed relationships. Findings further suggest tween shows exclusively depicted sexual behaviors in the context of committed relationships, hookups are just as frequent in teen shows as they are in young-adult shows, and casual sex relationships are more likely to occur in young-adult shows than in teen shows.","PeriodicalId":45913,"journal":{"name":"Communication Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08934215.2020.1803389","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44370297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-10DOI: 10.1080/08934215.2020.1799049
Abel Gustafson, Matthew T. Ballew, Matthew H. Goldberg, M. Cutler, S. Rosenthal, A. Leiserowitz
Sharing personal stories of how climate change is already harming people is a promising communication strategy to engage diverse and even skeptical audiences. Using two experiments, we test the effects of a radio story on the climate change beliefs and risk perceptions of political moderates and conservatives. The radio story, which aired on hundreds of stations across the U.S., is a North Carolina sportsman’s personal account of how climate change has already affected the places he loves. Both experiments found positive effects on global warming beliefs and risk perceptions. Additionally, Study 2 found these effects were mediated by emotional reactions of worry and compassion. These studies suggest personal stories can be a persuasive communication strategy.
{"title":"Personal Stories Can Shift Climate Change Beliefs and Risk Perceptions: The Mediating Role of Emotion","authors":"Abel Gustafson, Matthew T. Ballew, Matthew H. Goldberg, M. Cutler, S. Rosenthal, A. Leiserowitz","doi":"10.1080/08934215.2020.1799049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2020.1799049","url":null,"abstract":"Sharing personal stories of how climate change is already harming people is a promising communication strategy to engage diverse and even skeptical audiences. Using two experiments, we test the effects of a radio story on the climate change beliefs and risk perceptions of political moderates and conservatives. The radio story, which aired on hundreds of stations across the U.S., is a North Carolina sportsman’s personal account of how climate change has already affected the places he loves. Both experiments found positive effects on global warming beliefs and risk perceptions. Additionally, Study 2 found these effects were mediated by emotional reactions of worry and compassion. These studies suggest personal stories can be a persuasive communication strategy.","PeriodicalId":45913,"journal":{"name":"Communication Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08934215.2020.1799049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44019173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-22DOI: 10.1080/08934215.2020.1793375
M. Turner, Lindsay R Ford, Victoria Somerville, Donna Javellana, K. Day, M. Lapinski
Weight stigma may contribute to stress, binge eating, and suicidal ideation. Public health campaigns may perpetuate weight stigma; however, the prevalence of stigmatizing tactics in campaign messages is unknown. This study quantified the extent to which obesity-prevention campaigns in the U.S. include stigmatizing elements in print materials. A content analysis of all print advertisements ( N = 182 posters) derived from 25 obesity-prevention campaigns shows 13.2% included stigmatizing elements. These stigmatizing advertisements were found in almost half (44%) of the 25 obesity-prevention campaigns analyzed. Further research is needed to establish the prevalence of stigmatizing messaging across mediums and message effects.
{"title":"The Use of Stigmatizing Messaging in Anti-Obesity Communications Campaigns: Quantification of Obesity Stigmatization","authors":"M. Turner, Lindsay R Ford, Victoria Somerville, Donna Javellana, K. Day, M. Lapinski","doi":"10.1080/08934215.2020.1793375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2020.1793375","url":null,"abstract":"Weight stigma may contribute to stress, binge eating, and suicidal ideation. Public health campaigns may perpetuate weight stigma; however, the prevalence of stigmatizing tactics in campaign messages is unknown. This study quantified the extent to which obesity-prevention campaigns in the U.S. include stigmatizing elements in print materials. A content analysis of all print advertisements ( N = 182 posters) derived from 25 obesity-prevention campaigns shows 13.2% included stigmatizing elements. These stigmatizing advertisements were found in almost half (44%) of the 25 obesity-prevention campaigns analyzed. Further research is needed to establish the prevalence of stigmatizing messaging across mediums and message effects.","PeriodicalId":45913,"journal":{"name":"Communication Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2020-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08934215.2020.1793375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49454410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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