Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.1007/s10437-024-09590-9
Elena Tiribilli
{"title":"Troche Julia: Death, Power, and Apotheosis in Ancient Egypt: The Old and Middle Kingdoms","authors":"Elena Tiribilli","doi":"10.1007/s10437-024-09590-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-024-09590-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141380691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-05DOI: 10.1007/s10437-024-09591-8
Dilpreet Singh Basanti
{"title":"Helina S. Woldekiros: The Boundaries of Ancient Trade: Kings, Commoners, and the Aksumite Salt Trade of Ethiopia","authors":"Dilpreet Singh Basanti","doi":"10.1007/s10437-024-09591-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-024-09591-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141382948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1007/s10437-024-09589-2
Daren Ray
{"title":"Mark William Hauser and Julia John Haines: The Archaeology of Modern Worlds in the Indian Ocean","authors":"Daren Ray","doi":"10.1007/s10437-024-09589-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-024-09589-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141276237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-24DOI: 10.1007/s10437-024-09584-7
Maciej Wyżgoł
The period between the fourteenth and seventeenth centuries in Old Dongola, Sudan, marks a significant political and religious transition. The Makurian kingdom collapsed, and in the sixteenth century, the city became subordinate to the Funj Sultanate. Simultaneously, domestic architecture exhibited a high level of uniformity, with urban space dominated by two-room houses clustered in compounds with a shared courtyard. In these transformative conditions, the seeming persistence of household requires explanation. This paper examines residues of human actions, applying a multielemental analysis of domestic floors of four house compounds dated from the fourteenth to the seventeenth century. It allowed us to understand domestic space in intensive terms, as created by everyday domestic activities. The analysis of macro- and micro-residues resulted in the identification of various ways particular households engaged with domestic space. In this study, the role of heterogeneous domestic space played in the persistence and changeability of households was discussed, particularly how the striated residential units coded relations of dwellers, while the smooth open spaces had creative potential. Lastly, it is proposed that the temporality of households did not align with the temporality of the political changes in the city.
{"title":"Households in Transition: Persistence and Change of Dwellings in the City of Old Dongola (Sudan, 14th–17th Century)","authors":"Maciej Wyżgoł","doi":"10.1007/s10437-024-09584-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-024-09584-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The period between the fourteenth and seventeenth centuries in Old Dongola, Sudan, marks a significant political and religious transition. The Makurian kingdom collapsed, and in the sixteenth century, the city became subordinate to the Funj Sultanate. Simultaneously, domestic architecture exhibited a high level of uniformity, with urban space dominated by two-room houses clustered in compounds with a shared courtyard. In these transformative conditions, the seeming persistence of household requires explanation. This paper examines residues of human actions, applying a multielemental analysis of domestic floors of four house compounds dated from the fourteenth to the seventeenth century. It allowed us to understand domestic space in intensive terms, as created by everyday domestic activities. The analysis of macro- and micro-residues resulted in the identification of various ways particular households engaged with domestic space. In this study, the role of heterogeneous domestic space played in the persistence and changeability of households was discussed, particularly how the striated residential units coded relations of dwellers, while the smooth open spaces had creative potential. Lastly, it is proposed that the temporality of households did not align with the temporality of the political changes in the city.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10437-024-09584-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141100150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.1007/s10437-024-09582-9
Irene Solano-Megías, José Manuel Maíllo-Fernández, Audax Z. P. Mabulla
The Mumba rockshelter, located in the northwest of Lake Eyasi is key to understanding the Stone Age in East Africa. The stratigraphy of the site spans the last 130 ka BP and comprises levels from the Middle Stone Age, the Later Stone Age, the Pastoral Neolithic, and the Iron Age. In terms of the Middle Stone Age (MSA), Mumba has helped to define two lithic industries: Sanzako (130 ka BP) and Kisele (90–50 Ka BP) that characterize this techno-complex in northern Tanzania. The Sanzako industry was defined based on level VI-B at Mumba, which was excavated in 1938 by Köhl-Larssen. Here we present the study of the lithic assemblage excavated by Mehlman between 1977 and 1981. Mehlman subdivided this unit into three sublevels (Lower, Middle, and Upper), all of which remained unanalyzed and therefore, unpublished. The main features of the lithic assemblages found in the three sublevels are the presence of discoid, Levallois, and bipolar knapping methods. Additionally, the retouched tools are mainly sidescrapers, denticulates, and notches. This recent research enables us to understand the Sanzako industry in more detail, as well as its nature within the chronocultural framework of the MSA in northern Tanzania.
位于埃亚西湖西北部的蒙巴岩石栖息地是了解东非石器时代的关键。该遗址的地层跨越了公元前 130 千年,包括中石器时代、晚石器时代、新石器时代田园牧歌时期和铁器时代的地层。就中石器时代(MSA)而言,孟巴有助于确定两个石器行业:Sanzako(130 ka BP)和 Kisele(90-50 Ka BP)是坦桑尼亚北部这一技术综合体的特征。Sanzako石器业是根据1938年Köhl-Larssen在Mumba发掘的VI-B层界定的。在此,我们介绍对 Mehlman 于 1977 年至 1981 年间发掘的石器组合的研究。Mehlman 将这一单元细分为三个分层(下层、中层和上层),所有这些分层均未进行分析,因此也未发表。在这三个子层位中发现的石器组合的主要特征是存在盘状、利瓦鲁瓦和双极敲击法。此外,经过修饰的工具主要是侧刻石、齿状石和缺口石。这项最新研究使我们能够更详细地了解桑扎科工业,以及它在坦桑尼亚北部澳门星际娱乐网址年代文化框架中的性质。
{"title":"Deciphering Middle Stone Age Technological Behaviors: An Analysis of the Lithic Technology from Level VI-B at Mumba, Tanzania","authors":"Irene Solano-Megías, José Manuel Maíllo-Fernández, Audax Z. P. Mabulla","doi":"10.1007/s10437-024-09582-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-024-09582-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Mumba rockshelter, located in the northwest of Lake Eyasi is key to understanding the Stone Age in East Africa. The stratigraphy of the site spans the last 130 ka BP and comprises levels from the Middle Stone Age, the Later Stone Age, the Pastoral Neolithic, and the Iron Age. In terms of the Middle Stone Age (MSA), Mumba has helped to define two lithic industries: Sanzako (130 ka BP) and Kisele (90–50 Ka BP) that characterize this techno-complex in northern Tanzania. The Sanzako industry was defined based on level VI-B at Mumba, which was excavated in 1938 by Köhl-Larssen. Here we present the study of the lithic assemblage excavated by Mehlman between 1977 and 1981. Mehlman subdivided this unit into three sublevels (Lower, Middle, and Upper), all of which remained unanalyzed and therefore, unpublished. The main features of the lithic assemblages found in the three sublevels are the presence of discoid, Levallois, and bipolar knapping methods. Additionally, the retouched tools are mainly sidescrapers, denticulates, and notches. This recent research enables us to understand the Sanzako industry in more detail, as well as its nature within the chronocultural framework of the MSA in northern Tanzania.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10437-024-09582-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140971145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1007/s10437-024-09581-w
Michael S. Bisson, Ariane Burke, Flora Schilt, Julie Aleman, Matthew C. Peros, Michelle Drapeau, Maggie Katongo, Martha Nchimunya Kayuni, Joseph Mutale Museba, Steve Tolan
This paper describes the lithic aggregates from Sitwe 23 (SW23), a Stone Age locality in a previously unstudied region of the northern Luangwa Valley, Zambia. This area yielded two surface lithic scatters containing abundant artifacts derived from Pleistocene sediments on uplifted terrain and exposed by recent erosion on two adjacent terraces. The scatters are time-averaged palimpsests formed by deflation, but most of the lithics lack evidence of significant fluvial transport or post-depositional damage, indicating minimal horizontal displacement. Typological and attribute analyses of samples from both spurs reveal predominantly simple and expedient core and flake technologies, as well as sophisticated biface manufacture and Levallois technique producing flakes and points that are differentially distributed between the terraces. The artifacts identified in this analysis include types conventionally considered diagnostic of the Acheulean, Sangoan, and Middle Stone Age, suggesting that the collections may document one or more temporal windows during the Chibanian age (770–126 ka). Whether artifacts in these samples were originally deposited sequentially or concurrently is not yet known and alternative hypotheses are presented and discussed. The collections are compared to sites in Zambia and the northern Lake Malawi basin and found to be similar technologically but typologically different. Given the paucity of previously known Ston Age archaeological sites in the region, our work now demonstrates that northern Luangwa has significant archaeological potential and deserves further study.
{"title":"Sitwe 23, a Complex ESA/MSA Locality in the Northern Luangwa Valley, Zambia","authors":"Michael S. Bisson, Ariane Burke, Flora Schilt, Julie Aleman, Matthew C. Peros, Michelle Drapeau, Maggie Katongo, Martha Nchimunya Kayuni, Joseph Mutale Museba, Steve Tolan","doi":"10.1007/s10437-024-09581-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-024-09581-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper describes the lithic aggregates from Sitwe 23 (SW23), a Stone Age locality in a previously unstudied region of the northern Luangwa Valley, Zambia. This area yielded two surface lithic scatters containing abundant artifacts derived from Pleistocene sediments on uplifted terrain and exposed by recent erosion on two adjacent terraces. The scatters are time-averaged palimpsests formed by deflation, but most of the lithics lack evidence of significant fluvial transport or post-depositional damage, indicating minimal horizontal displacement. Typological and attribute analyses of samples from both spurs reveal predominantly simple and expedient core and flake technologies, as well as sophisticated biface manufacture and Levallois technique producing flakes and points that are differentially distributed between the terraces. The artifacts identified in this analysis include types conventionally considered diagnostic of the Acheulean, Sangoan, and Middle Stone Age, suggesting that the collections may document one or more temporal windows during the Chibanian age (770–126 ka). Whether artifacts in these samples were originally deposited sequentially or concurrently is not yet known and alternative hypotheses are presented and discussed. The collections are compared to sites in Zambia and the northern Lake Malawi basin and found to be similar technologically but typologically different. Given the paucity of previously known Ston Age archaeological sites in the region, our work now demonstrates that northern Luangwa has significant archaeological potential and deserves further study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10437-024-09581-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-20DOI: 10.1007/s10437-024-09579-4
Joanna A. Ciesielska, Petrus Le Roux, Erin Scott, Mary Lucas, Patrick Roberts
Between the sixth and fifteenth c. CE, a vast expanse of central and southern Sudan belonged to the kingdom of Alwa, ruled from the urban metropolis of Soba. Renewed investigation of the city unearthed a small cemetery in the northern part of the site. The heterogeneity of burial practices raised some questions as to the cultural and religious affinities of the deceased and suggested potential multiculturalism of the local urban population. We applied isotopic analyses to investigate the origins of the people buried at Cemetery OS and their concomitant ways of life. Non-concordance of 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O values with local hydro-geological background speaks to the mixing of water sources as a result of residential mobility. The concordance of human and faunal strontium and oxygen results, combined with elevated δ13C values corresponding to almost exclusive reliance on C4 produce, points to the possibility of seasonal movement of people with their herds between the Nile valley and the adjacent grasslands. Despite the turn of the medieval Nubian economy towards settled agriculture, by revealing the granular specificities of human adaptation in challenging ecosystems, our results produce the first insight into the enduring diversification of economic production, even in urbanized settings, and persisting participation of local peoples in agro-pastoral symbiosis.
公元前六世纪至十五世纪,苏丹中部和南部的广大地区属于阿尔瓦王国,该王国由城市索巴统治。对该城市的重新调查在遗址北部发现了一个小型墓地。墓葬习俗的异质性引发了一些关于死者文化和宗教亲缘关系的问题,并表明当地城市人口可能具有多元文化。我们采用同位素分析方法调查了埋葬在 OS 公墓的人的来源及其相应的生活方式。87Sr/86Sr 和 δ18O 值与当地水文地质背景不一致,这说明水源混合是居民流动的结果。人类和动物的锶和氧结果一致,加上几乎完全依赖 C4 产物的 δ13C 值升高,表明人们可能带着牲畜在尼罗河流域和邻近草原之间进行季节性迁移。尽管中世纪努比亚经济已转向定居农业,但我们的研究结果揭示了人类在具有挑战性的生态系统中适应环境的细微特点,首次揭示了即使在城市化环境中经济生产的持久多样化,以及当地人对农牧共生关系的持续参与。
{"title":"Isotopic Evidence for Socio-economic Dynamics Within the Capital of the Kingdom of Alwa, Sudan","authors":"Joanna A. Ciesielska, Petrus Le Roux, Erin Scott, Mary Lucas, Patrick Roberts","doi":"10.1007/s10437-024-09579-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-024-09579-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Between the sixth and fifteenth c. CE, a vast expanse of central and southern Sudan belonged to the kingdom of Alwa, ruled from the urban metropolis of Soba. Renewed investigation of the city unearthed a small cemetery in the northern part of the site. The heterogeneity of burial practices raised some questions as to the cultural and religious affinities of the deceased and suggested potential multiculturalism of the local urban population. We applied isotopic analyses to investigate the origins of the people buried at Cemetery OS and their concomitant ways of life. Non-concordance of <sup>87</sup>Sr/<sup>86</sup>Sr and δ<sup>18</sup>O values with local hydro-geological background speaks to the mixing of water sources as a result of residential mobility. The concordance of human and faunal strontium and oxygen results, combined with elevated δ<sup>13</sup>C values corresponding to almost exclusive reliance on C<sub>4</sub> produce, points to the possibility of seasonal movement of people with their herds between the Nile valley and the adjacent grasslands. Despite the turn of the medieval Nubian economy towards settled agriculture, by revealing the granular specificities of human adaptation in challenging ecosystems, our results produce the first insight into the enduring diversification of economic production, even in urbanized settings, and persisting participation of local peoples in agro-pastoral symbiosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10437-024-09579-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140679545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-20DOI: 10.1007/s10437-024-09580-x
José Luis Guil-Guerrero, Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro
Australopiths are a group of early human ancestors that lived approximately 4 to 2 million years ago and are considered a key transitional form between apes and humans. Studying australopiths can help to understand the evolutionary processes that led to the emergence of humans and gain insights into the unique adaptations and characteristics that set humans apart from other primates. A bibliometric-based review of publications on australopiths contained in the Scopus database was conducted, analyzing approximately 2000 of them. The main authors, institutions, and countries researching this subject were identified, as well as their future development. The connections between authors, countries, and research topics were also analyzed through the detection of communities. The more frequent keywords in this subject are hominid, animal, human, South Africa, and Australopithecus afarensis. Four main research clusters were identified in the field of australopiths: palaeobiology, cranial evolution, locomotion, and mandible evolution and morphometry. The most important countries in terms of collaboration networks are South Africa, the UK, France, and Germany. Research on australopiths is ongoing, and new research clusters are expected to emerge, such as those focused on pre-australopiths and the molecular evolution and taxonomy of australopiths. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive overview of the state of research on australopiths and offers insights into the current direction of the field.
{"title":"Worldwide Research on Australopiths","authors":"José Luis Guil-Guerrero, Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro","doi":"10.1007/s10437-024-09580-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-024-09580-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Australopiths are a group of early human ancestors that lived approximately 4 to 2 million years ago and are considered a key transitional form between apes and humans. Studying australopiths can help to understand the evolutionary processes that led to the emergence of humans and gain insights into the unique adaptations and characteristics that set humans apart from other primates. A bibliometric-based review of publications on australopiths contained in the Scopus database was conducted, analyzing approximately 2000 of them. The main authors, institutions, and countries researching this subject were identified, as well as their future development. The connections between authors, countries, and research topics were also analyzed through the detection of communities. The more frequent keywords in this subject are hominid, animal, human, South Africa, and <i>Australopithecus afarensis</i>. Four main research clusters were identified in the field of australopiths: palaeobiology, cranial evolution, locomotion, and mandible evolution and morphometry. The most important countries in terms of collaboration networks are South Africa, the UK, France, and Germany. Research on australopiths is ongoing, and new research clusters are expected to emerge, such as those focused on pre-australopiths and the molecular evolution and taxonomy of australopiths. Overall, this work provides a comprehensive overview of the state of research on australopiths and offers insights into the current direction of the field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10437-024-09580-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140679610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-28DOI: 10.1007/s10437-024-09576-7
Dirk Seidensticker
The spread of pottery-producing communities into the Congo rainforest is commonly linked to demic diffusion, driven by the so-called “Bantu Expansion.” It is considered the primary linguistic, cultural, and demographic process in Holocene sub-Saharan Africa. A key region in the reconstruction of this process is the western Congo Basin. This paper presents, for the first time, a coherent picture of the archaeological settlement history in the western and northern Congo Basin, uncovered by fieldwork of the late 1980s along the rivers Ngoko, Sangha, Likwala-aux-Herbes, Ubangi, and Lua. Archaeological research of the River Reconnaissance Project, directed by Manfred K. H. Eggert from 1977 to 1987, produced a pottery sequence for the region. Archaeological features and findings uncovered during the project’s field campaigns in the northern and western Congo Basin have only recently been studied in detail. The present analysis provides the only reliable source for a reconstruction of the cultural dynamics within the region due to the lack of subsequent archaeological fieldwork. Archaeological data and the sequence of pottery styles within the western Congo Basin, along the Sangha river, cannot support the claim that this region, due to a climate-induced extension of savannas, played a unique role as a ‘‘corridor” within the expansion of putatively “Bantu” speaking groups during the latter half of the 1st millennium BCE.
陶器生产社区向刚果雨林的扩散通常与所谓的 "班图扩张 "所推动的人口扩散有关。它被认为是全新世撒哈拉以南非洲的主要语言、文化和人口进程。刚果盆地西部是重建这一过程的关键地区。本文首次展示了刚果盆地西部和北部考古定居史的连贯图景,这是 20 世纪 80 年代末沿恩戈科(Ngoko)、桑加(Sangha)、利夸拉-奥克斯-赫贝斯(Likwala-aux-Herbes)、乌班吉(Ubangi)和卢阿(Lua)河进行的实地考察所发现的。1977 年至 1987 年,由 Manfred K. H. Eggert 指导的河流勘察项目的考古研究为该地区提供了陶器序列。该项目在刚果盆地北部和西部进行实地考察时发现的考古特征和考古发现直到最近才得到详细研究。由于缺乏后续的实地考古工作,本分析报告为重建该地区的文化动态提供了唯一可靠的资料来源。刚果盆地西部桑加河沿岸的考古数据和陶器风格序列不能支持这样的说法,即由于气候原因造成的热带草原延伸,该地区在公元前一千年后半期,作为一个 "走廊",在说 "班图语 "的群体扩张过程中发挥了独特的作用。
{"title":"Pikunda-Munda and Batalimo-Maluba","authors":"Dirk Seidensticker","doi":"10.1007/s10437-024-09576-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10437-024-09576-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The spread of pottery-producing communities into the Congo rainforest is commonly linked to demic diffusion, driven by the so-called “Bantu Expansion.” It is considered the primary linguistic, cultural, and demographic process in Holocene sub-Saharan Africa. A key region in the reconstruction of this process is the western Congo Basin. This paper presents, for the first time, a coherent picture of the archaeological settlement history in the western and northern Congo Basin, uncovered by fieldwork of the late 1980s along the rivers Ngoko, Sangha, Likwala-aux-Herbes, Ubangi, and Lua. Archaeological research of the <i>River Reconnaissance Project</i>, directed by Manfred K. H. Eggert from 1977 to 1987, produced a pottery sequence for the region. Archaeological features and findings uncovered during the project’s field campaigns in the northern and western Congo Basin have only recently been studied in detail. The present analysis provides the only reliable source for a reconstruction of the cultural dynamics within the region due to the lack of subsequent archaeological fieldwork. Archaeological data and the sequence of pottery styles within the western Congo Basin, along the Sangha river, cannot support the claim that this region, due to a climate-induced extension of savannas, played a unique role as a ‘‘corridor” within the expansion of putatively “Bantu” speaking groups during the latter half of the 1st millennium BCE.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46493,"journal":{"name":"African Archaeological Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140368749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.1007/s10437-024-09578-5
J. Cameron Monroe
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