Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13691066.2022.2051769
Vincenzo Capizzi, A. Paltrinieri, Debidutta Pattnaik, S Kumar
ABSTRACT The journal Venture Capital (VC) is a well-established highly reputed academic outlet specializing in research on entrepreneurial finance conducted from various methodological standpoints, on a global basis. This study uses bibliometrics to analyze the journal’s impact, prominent topics, most frequent authors, and their affiliated institutions. Between 1999 and 2021, VC published 385 documents receiving 9,892 citations. About 62% of VC papers have more than 10 citations each. Some of the notable themes which may offer future scope for publications include crowdfunding platforms, equity crowdfunding, government venture capital, private equity firm and investment, entrepreneurial finance, market failure, and female entrepreneurship.
{"title":"Retrospective overview of the journal venture capital using bibliometric approach","authors":"Vincenzo Capizzi, A. Paltrinieri, Debidutta Pattnaik, S Kumar","doi":"10.1080/13691066.2022.2051769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2022.2051769","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The journal Venture Capital (VC) is a well-established highly reputed academic outlet specializing in research on entrepreneurial finance conducted from various methodological standpoints, on a global basis. This study uses bibliometrics to analyze the journal’s impact, prominent topics, most frequent authors, and their affiliated institutions. Between 1999 and 2021, VC published 385 documents receiving 9,892 citations. About 62% of VC papers have more than 10 citations each. Some of the notable themes which may offer future scope for publications include crowdfunding platforms, equity crowdfunding, government venture capital, private equity firm and investment, entrepreneurial finance, market failure, and female entrepreneurship.","PeriodicalId":46643,"journal":{"name":"Venture Capital","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79482716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/13691066.2021.2010507
Priscilla Serwaah, Rotem Shneor
ABSTRACT The intersection of gender and entrepreneurship has received growing attention in recent years from academics, practitioners, and policy makers. The current paper reviews research on what influences women’s demand for- and supply of entrepreneurial finance, while suggesting a conceptual approach untangling contradictory findings in earlier studies. This is achieved through a systematic literature review of 113 carefully selected papers, published between 1989 and 2019. Specifically, the review includes 77 studies dedicated to female access to finance, 32 studies on female investment behaviour, and 4 studies addressing both. We find that inconsistent findings can be traced to a combination of wide theoretical plurality in one-half of the studies and an absence of theoretical anchoring in the other half, calling for conceptual integration of existing theories with feminist critiques. Accordingly, we propose integrative conceptual frameworks highlighting the roles of explicit and symbolic factors impacting women’s access to- and investment of- financial resources. This approach led us to suggest that refocusing research on symbolic and intangible factors may help uncover new associations, otherwise obscured in earlier research. Furthermore, the inclusion of interaction terms with gender-related variables may also help untangle existing inconsistencies.
{"title":"Women and entrepreneurial finance: a systematic review","authors":"Priscilla Serwaah, Rotem Shneor","doi":"10.1080/13691066.2021.2010507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2021.2010507","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The intersection of gender and entrepreneurship has received growing attention in recent years from academics, practitioners, and policy makers. The current paper reviews research on what influences women’s demand for- and supply of entrepreneurial finance, while suggesting a conceptual approach untangling contradictory findings in earlier studies. This is achieved through a systematic literature review of 113 carefully selected papers, published between 1989 and 2019. Specifically, the review includes 77 studies dedicated to female access to finance, 32 studies on female investment behaviour, and 4 studies addressing both. We find that inconsistent findings can be traced to a combination of wide theoretical plurality in one-half of the studies and an absence of theoretical anchoring in the other half, calling for conceptual integration of existing theories with feminist critiques. Accordingly, we propose integrative conceptual frameworks highlighting the roles of explicit and symbolic factors impacting women’s access to- and investment of- financial resources. This approach led us to suggest that refocusing research on symbolic and intangible factors may help uncover new associations, otherwise obscured in earlier research. Furthermore, the inclusion of interaction terms with gender-related variables may also help untangle existing inconsistencies.","PeriodicalId":46643,"journal":{"name":"Venture Capital","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73526287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/13691066.2021.2001700
Vivien Lefebvre
ABSTRACT Recent research on firms’ capital structure highlights that up to 25% of publicly listed firms are zero-debt firms, a stylized fact that challenges financial theory. In this paper, we study privately held zero-debt small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and identify that approximately 20% of our observations correspond to zero-debt firms. This result is especially surprising in the context of a bank-oriented economy, France. We show that the likelihood of being a zero-debt firm is higher when firms are new-born, which is not surprising, but also when they grow older. In other words, we observe a U-shaped relationship between age and the likelihood of being a zero-debt firm. Our results are consistent with the idea that new-born firms cannot access debt-financing because of a lack of reputation and high informational opacity. When firms grow older, they decide to become debt-free to preserve their financial flexibility and to reduce their dependency toward banks. Overall, this paper suggests that SMEs depend less on bank financing than currently assumed.
{"title":"Zero-debt capital structure and the firm life cycle: empirical evidence from privately held SMEs","authors":"Vivien Lefebvre","doi":"10.1080/13691066.2021.2001700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2021.2001700","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recent research on firms’ capital structure highlights that up to 25% of publicly listed firms are zero-debt firms, a stylized fact that challenges financial theory. In this paper, we study privately held zero-debt small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and identify that approximately 20% of our observations correspond to zero-debt firms. This result is especially surprising in the context of a bank-oriented economy, France. We show that the likelihood of being a zero-debt firm is higher when firms are new-born, which is not surprising, but also when they grow older. In other words, we observe a U-shaped relationship between age and the likelihood of being a zero-debt firm. Our results are consistent with the idea that new-born firms cannot access debt-financing because of a lack of reputation and high informational opacity. When firms grow older, they decide to become debt-free to preserve their financial flexibility and to reduce their dependency toward banks. Overall, this paper suggests that SMEs depend less on bank financing than currently assumed.","PeriodicalId":46643,"journal":{"name":"Venture Capital","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87973511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/13691066.2021.2019564
C. Mason, Tiago Botelho
ABSTRACT The onset of the coronavirus pandemic in early 2020 quickly gave rise to a concern that the resulting economic uncertainty would produce a collapse in angel investing. In view of the critical role that business angels play in financing the start of the entrepreneurial pipeline, a decline in their investment activity would have a negative effect on the ability of entrepreneurs to start and commence the scaling process which, in turn, would compromise an entrepreneur-led economic recovery from the coronavirus pandemic. This paper draws on two unique data sources on investments made by business angels in Scotland before and since the onset of the pandemic. It shows that business angels continued to invest since the onset of the crisis although their investment activity declined sharply between Q2 and Q3 2020. Investment activity stabilising in Q4 and has significantly increased during 2021 and is now above pre-Covid levels. Angels have increased their emphasis on follow-on investments and in businesses that have raised one or more previous rounds of funding. This highlights a potential problem for entrepreneurs seeking to raise their first round of angel funding that policy-makers need to address.
{"title":"Business angel investing during the covid-19 economic crisis: evidence from Scotland","authors":"C. Mason, Tiago Botelho","doi":"10.1080/13691066.2021.2019564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2021.2019564","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The onset of the coronavirus pandemic in early 2020 quickly gave rise to a concern that the resulting economic uncertainty would produce a collapse in angel investing. In view of the critical role that business angels play in financing the start of the entrepreneurial pipeline, a decline in their investment activity would have a negative effect on the ability of entrepreneurs to start and commence the scaling process which, in turn, would compromise an entrepreneur-led economic recovery from the coronavirus pandemic. This paper draws on two unique data sources on investments made by business angels in Scotland before and since the onset of the pandemic. It shows that business angels continued to invest since the onset of the crisis although their investment activity declined sharply between Q2 and Q3 2020. Investment activity stabilising in Q4 and has significantly increased during 2021 and is now above pre-Covid levels. Angels have increased their emphasis on follow-on investments and in businesses that have raised one or more previous rounds of funding. This highlights a potential problem for entrepreneurs seeking to raise their first round of angel funding that policy-makers need to address.","PeriodicalId":46643,"journal":{"name":"Venture Capital","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81900333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-22DOI: 10.1080/13691066.2021.1982069
A. Croce, E. Ughetto, Giuseppe Scellato, F. Fontana
ABSTRACT In this paper, we look at venture capital funds that invest in enterprises striving to achieve a positive societal impact (SIVCs). We observe that SIVCs are likely to pursue two different investment strategies. On the one hand, they select companies with negative profitability results but interesting growth patterns. On the other hand, they do not disregard more established companies with profits but a reduced prospect of growth at the time of the investment. We then assess the impact that these SIVCs have generated on invested firms: while we do not observe significant improvements in the sales figures, all the models show that total assets have been positively affected by the new equity raised. However, when we disentangle between short- and long-term effects, our analysis reveals that the effect of SIVCs on total assets is concentrated on the first years after the receipt of capital, while it disappears in the following years. A positive and significant effect of SIVCs on sales is instead found in the long run. The overall evidence seems to support the view that SIVCs favor the growth and transformation of target firms towards more capital intensive and scalable businesses.
{"title":"Social impact venture capital investing: an explorative study","authors":"A. Croce, E. Ughetto, Giuseppe Scellato, F. Fontana","doi":"10.1080/13691066.2021.1982069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2021.1982069","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, we look at venture capital funds that invest in enterprises striving to achieve a positive societal impact (SIVCs). We observe that SIVCs are likely to pursue two different investment strategies. On the one hand, they select companies with negative profitability results but interesting growth patterns. On the other hand, they do not disregard more established companies with profits but a reduced prospect of growth at the time of the investment. We then assess the impact that these SIVCs have generated on invested firms: while we do not observe significant improvements in the sales figures, all the models show that total assets have been positively affected by the new equity raised. However, when we disentangle between short- and long-term effects, our analysis reveals that the effect of SIVCs on total assets is concentrated on the first years after the receipt of capital, while it disappears in the following years. A positive and significant effect of SIVCs on sales is instead found in the long run. The overall evidence seems to support the view that SIVCs favor the growth and transformation of target firms towards more capital intensive and scalable businesses.","PeriodicalId":46643,"journal":{"name":"Venture Capital","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74721740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/13691066.2021.1927341
J. Vogelaar, E. Stam
ABSTRACT Why do regional governments establish venture capital funds? Government intervention in venture capital markets is traditionally legitimised by market failure rationales. In this paper, we analyse the supply of public and private venture capital in Dutch regions, which reveals a multiplicity of rationales for government intervention in the regional economy. We ground this in the policy diffusion literature and distinguish four rationales for government intervention: economic competition, coercion, imitation and learning. The findings enrich the analysis of regional government interventions and challenge the rhetoric that regional policies seeking to foster venture capital markets are solely implemented to address market failures.
{"title":"Beyond market failure: rationales for regional governmental venture capital","authors":"J. Vogelaar, E. Stam","doi":"10.1080/13691066.2021.1927341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2021.1927341","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Why do regional governments establish venture capital funds? Government intervention in venture capital markets is traditionally legitimised by market failure rationales. In this paper, we analyse the supply of public and private venture capital in Dutch regions, which reveals a multiplicity of rationales for government intervention in the regional economy. We ground this in the policy diffusion literature and distinguish four rationales for government intervention: economic competition, coercion, imitation and learning. The findings enrich the analysis of regional government interventions and challenge the rhetoric that regional policies seeking to foster venture capital markets are solely implemented to address market failures.","PeriodicalId":46643,"journal":{"name":"Venture Capital","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76545444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-20DOI: 10.1080/13691066.2021.1905931
Lei Wang, H. Huang, Yunbi An
ABSTRACT Based on 351 sample observations of companies listed on the Growth Enterprise Market (GEM) and Small & Medium Enterprise (SME) Board in China, this paper analyzes how the technological fit between corporate venture capital (CVC) parent companies and CVC-backed start-ups is related to CVC-backed start-ups’ innovation performance, as well as the mediating role of the allocation of control rights within CVC-backed start-ups in explaining the relationship. We find that technological fit has a positive effect on CVC-backed start-ups’ innovation inputs, while it has an inverted U-shaped relationship with start-ups’ innovation outputs. Technological fit also has a positive effect on the control rights acquired by CVCs, while the control rights allocation has no significant effect on innovation inputs, but significantly promotes innovation outputs. This suggests that the impact of technological fit on CVC-backed start-ups’ innovation performance arises from both the direct effect of technological fit and the mediating effect of the control rights acquired by CVCs.
{"title":"Technological fit, control rights allocation, and innovation performance of corporate venture capital-backed enterprises","authors":"Lei Wang, H. Huang, Yunbi An","doi":"10.1080/13691066.2021.1905931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2021.1905931","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Based on 351 sample observations of companies listed on the Growth Enterprise Market (GEM) and Small & Medium Enterprise (SME) Board in China, this paper analyzes how the technological fit between corporate venture capital (CVC) parent companies and CVC-backed start-ups is related to CVC-backed start-ups’ innovation performance, as well as the mediating role of the allocation of control rights within CVC-backed start-ups in explaining the relationship. We find that technological fit has a positive effect on CVC-backed start-ups’ innovation inputs, while it has an inverted U-shaped relationship with start-ups’ innovation outputs. Technological fit also has a positive effect on the control rights acquired by CVCs, while the control rights allocation has no significant effect on innovation inputs, but significantly promotes innovation outputs. This suggests that the impact of technological fit on CVC-backed start-ups’ innovation performance arises from both the direct effect of technological fit and the mediating effect of the control rights acquired by CVCs.","PeriodicalId":46643,"journal":{"name":"Venture Capital","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88112299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-08DOI: 10.1080/13691066.2021.1903677
Gordon Murray
ABSTRACT This paper reflects on the policy formation process in the burgeoning area of government’s involvement in venture capital finance (VC) over the two decades 2000–2020. It looks at both why and how government VC funds (GVC) have evolved. The increasingly common vehicle of “hybrid” co-investment funds, which include both public and private VC investors, is analysed. The evolution of public intervention in VC markets over time is acknowledged while noting that significant operational challenges remain. The rubric of Ten Meditations is employed as a device to communicate both problem and prescription across the academic/policy maker divide.
{"title":"Ten meditations on government venture capital","authors":"Gordon Murray","doi":"10.1080/13691066.2021.1903677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2021.1903677","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper reflects on the policy formation process in the burgeoning area of government’s involvement in venture capital finance (VC) over the two decades 2000–2020. It looks at both why and how government VC funds (GVC) have evolved. The increasingly common vehicle of “hybrid” co-investment funds, which include both public and private VC investors, is analysed. The evolution of public intervention in VC markets over time is acknowledged while noting that significant operational challenges remain. The rubric of Ten Meditations is employed as a device to communicate both problem and prescription across the academic/policy maker divide.","PeriodicalId":46643,"journal":{"name":"Venture Capital","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91136451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/13691066.2021.1883211
Francesco Ferrati, M. Muffatto
ABSTRACT Venture capitalists and angel investors usually apply a set of assessment criteria to evaluate the key elements of entrepreneurial projects. However, since each investor considers different criteria, previous researchers who analysed investors’ decision making, ended up analysing a variety of divergent aspects. In this paper, a systematic literature review on the assessment criteria applied by equity investors was carried out. The purpose of this study was to identify and classify all the criteria considered by previous researchers to determine whether some aspects were investigated more extensively than others and to understand the reasons for this type of approach. After screening the abstracts of 894 journal publications, 53 articles were selected for a detailed analysis. In total, 208 unique criteria were identified and were subsequently classified into 35 specific categories, 11 generic classes and 4 main domains of analysis. The high level of detail and granularity of this work is one of its added values and can provide a knowledge base for future researchers who intend to apply new methodologies for the analysis of investors’ decision-making. Starting from the results obtained so far, a new agenda for future research is suggested to encourage a more data-driven approach leveraging data science techniques.
{"title":"Reviewing equity investors’ funding criteria: a comprehensive classification and research agenda","authors":"Francesco Ferrati, M. Muffatto","doi":"10.1080/13691066.2021.1883211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2021.1883211","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Venture capitalists and angel investors usually apply a set of assessment criteria to evaluate the key elements of entrepreneurial projects. However, since each investor considers different criteria, previous researchers who analysed investors’ decision making, ended up analysing a variety of divergent aspects. In this paper, a systematic literature review on the assessment criteria applied by equity investors was carried out. The purpose of this study was to identify and classify all the criteria considered by previous researchers to determine whether some aspects were investigated more extensively than others and to understand the reasons for this type of approach. After screening the abstracts of 894 journal publications, 53 articles were selected for a detailed analysis. In total, 208 unique criteria were identified and were subsequently classified into 35 specific categories, 11 generic classes and 4 main domains of analysis. The high level of detail and granularity of this work is one of its added values and can provide a knowledge base for future researchers who intend to apply new methodologies for the analysis of investors’ decision-making. Starting from the results obtained so far, a new agenda for future research is suggested to encourage a more data-driven approach leveraging data science techniques.","PeriodicalId":46643,"journal":{"name":"Venture Capital","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83194802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/13691066.2021.1893933
Ji Youn (Rose) Kim, H. Park
ABSTRACT Venture capital (VC) syndicates pool diverse resources from their members to accomplish the common goal of nurturing new ventures for a successful exit. Although the size of syndicate is a fundamental attribute impacting performance, the influence of syndicate size is less understood in prior studies with mixed findings. To address the gap, we suggest that there is an inverted U relationship between a syndicate size and venture performance. As the number of partners in a VC syndicate increases, a syndicate can provide more heterogeneous resources that can help its portfolio company succeed, but coordination costs increase as well. We thus predict that the net effect combining these two countervailing effects yields an inverse-U relationship between syndicate size and performance. We further examine two boundary conditions under which the nonlinear relationship is likely to manifest. Analyzing 407 investment syndicates formed by 1,106 VC firms for new ventures in the U.S. information and communications technology sector between 1990 and 2006, we find that the relationship between syndicate size and performance is an inverse-U shape. We further find that geographic distance among syndicate partners flattens the inverse-U curve, whereas a strong reputation of the lead VC firms shifts the inverse-U curve to the right.
{"title":"The influence of venture capital syndicate size on venture performance","authors":"Ji Youn (Rose) Kim, H. Park","doi":"10.1080/13691066.2021.1893933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2021.1893933","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Venture capital (VC) syndicates pool diverse resources from their members to accomplish the common goal of nurturing new ventures for a successful exit. Although the size of syndicate is a fundamental attribute impacting performance, the influence of syndicate size is less understood in prior studies with mixed findings. To address the gap, we suggest that there is an inverted U relationship between a syndicate size and venture performance. As the number of partners in a VC syndicate increases, a syndicate can provide more heterogeneous resources that can help its portfolio company succeed, but coordination costs increase as well. We thus predict that the net effect combining these two countervailing effects yields an inverse-U relationship between syndicate size and performance. We further examine two boundary conditions under which the nonlinear relationship is likely to manifest. Analyzing 407 investment syndicates formed by 1,106 VC firms for new ventures in the U.S. information and communications technology sector between 1990 and 2006, we find that the relationship between syndicate size and performance is an inverse-U shape. We further find that geographic distance among syndicate partners flattens the inverse-U curve, whereas a strong reputation of the lead VC firms shifts the inverse-U curve to the right.","PeriodicalId":46643,"journal":{"name":"Venture Capital","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81249995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：