Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-09-19DOI: 10.4103/jpn.JPN_17_22
Tushar Marbate, Shweta Kedia, Deepak K Gupta
Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis (NSC) is more common than syndromic craniosynostosis and predominantly involves single suture. It affects sagittal, coronal, metopic, and lambdoid sutures in the decreasing order of frequency. A surgery for NSC is generally recommended to avoid potential neurodevelopmental delays and sequelae of raised intracranial pressure. Open calvarial vault reconstruction, strip craniectomy with/without the use of a postoperative molding helmet, strip craniectomy with spring implantations, endoscopic suture release, and cranial distraction osteogenesis are various surgical options used for NSC cases. The ideal age for intervention is 6-12 months for open procedures and 3-4 months for endoscopic approaches. The management is directed toward minimizing operative trauma and improving the neurocognitive outcome. The role of nonsurgical intervention by the use of genetic manipulation is still not a reality because of the nature of disease and time of presentation.
{"title":"Evaluation and Management of Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis.","authors":"Tushar Marbate, Shweta Kedia, Deepak K Gupta","doi":"10.4103/jpn.JPN_17_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpn.JPN_17_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonsyndromic craniosynostosis (NSC) is more common than syndromic craniosynostosis and predominantly involves single suture. It affects sagittal, coronal, metopic, and lambdoid sutures in the decreasing order of frequency. A surgery for NSC is generally recommended to avoid potential neurodevelopmental delays and sequelae of raised intracranial pressure. Open calvarial vault reconstruction, strip craniectomy with/without the use of a postoperative molding helmet, strip craniectomy with spring implantations, endoscopic suture release, and cranial distraction osteogenesis are various surgical options used for NSC cases. The ideal age for intervention is 6-12 months for open procedures and 3-4 months for endoscopic approaches. The management is directed toward minimizing operative trauma and improving the neurocognitive outcome. The role of nonsurgical intervention by the use of genetic manipulation is still not a reality because of the nature of disease and time of presentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":46746,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S77-S91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9648650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40480423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-09-19DOI: 10.4103/jpn.JPN_43_22
Philippe Pellerin
Aim: To summarize the experience of the author with the treatment of hypertelorism.
Settings and design: The author has been heading a high-caseload department of craniofacial surgery for 38 years; the research is based on his experience with this pathology by this time.
Materials and methods: The charts of 38 patients were used for this research.
Statistical analysis used: No statistic was used; the author has just given his personal insights as the result of a professional life devoted to the problem.
Results: Most of the hypertelorism cases requiring surgical correction are rare interorbital clefts (Tessier's 14-12). Among the syndromic ones, cranio-fronto orbital dysplasia is the most demanding for surgery because it is associated with craniosynostosis, which has to be addressed at the same time. Among the technics published for hypertelorism correction, craniofacial bipartition has our preference for several reasons: easily done and redone when necessary, safer to the vascularization, and trophicity of displaced parts of the skeleton.
Conclusions: Complex craniofacial conditions such as hypertelorism have to be treated only in specialized craniofacial centers by a multidisciplinary team. The caseload has to be high, and the follow-up is very strict to get the benefits of experience to improve the results.
{"title":"Management of Hypertelorism.","authors":"Philippe Pellerin","doi":"10.4103/jpn.JPN_43_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpn.JPN_43_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To summarize the experience of the author with the treatment of hypertelorism.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>The author has been heading a high-caseload department of craniofacial surgery for 38 years; the research is based on his experience with this pathology by this time.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The charts of 38 patients were used for this research.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>No statistic was used; the author has just given his personal insights as the result of a professional life devoted to the problem.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the hypertelorism cases requiring surgical correction are rare interorbital clefts (Tessier's 14-12). Among the syndromic ones, cranio-fronto orbital dysplasia is the most demanding for surgery because it is associated with craniosynostosis, which has to be addressed at the same time. Among the technics published for hypertelorism correction, craniofacial bipartition has our preference for several reasons: easily done and redone when necessary, safer to the vascularization, and trophicity of displaced parts of the skeleton.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Complex craniofacial conditions such as hypertelorism have to be treated only in specialized craniofacial centers by a multidisciplinary team. The caseload has to be high, and the follow-up is very strict to get the benefits of experience to improve the results.</p>","PeriodicalId":46746,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S4-S13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9648651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40708791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arunkumar Sekar, Debajyoti Datta, R. Sahu, T. Sahoo
{"title":"Burkholderia cepacia causing intraventricular empyema: A rare presentation in preterm neonate","authors":"Arunkumar Sekar, Debajyoti Datta, R. Sahu, T. Sahoo","doi":"10.4103/jpn.jpn_133_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpn.jpn_133_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46746,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70817795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor to differentiate between childhood migraine and tension-type headache","authors":"Senem Ayça, S. Ayta","doi":"10.4103/jpn.jpn_162_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpn.jpn_162_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46746,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70818020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A critical comment on fourth ventricular tumor surgery performed in emergency versus electively: How does it differ?","authors":"Sonal Jain, C. Deopujari","doi":"10.4103/jpn.jpn_64_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpn.jpn_64_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46746,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"3 - 4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70820007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An infant with posterior fossa hemangioma with aortic stenosis: Case report and review of the literature","authors":"Y. Şenol, E. Daglioglu, O. Basaran, A. Belen","doi":"10.4103/jpn.jpn_15_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpn.jpn_15_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46746,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70818173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sahu, A. Mishra, A. Saini, P. Malhi, N. Sankhyan, N. Khandelwal, P. Singhi
Objective: To describe the long-term outcome in children with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) from a tertiary-care center. Materials and Methods: Prospective, observational study of children diagnosed with AIS between the ages of six months and 12 years and who completed two to five years of follow-up. Results: Forty-nine children (35 boys, 14 girls) were included. The mean age at onset of stroke was 35.6 ± 31.5 months (6–108 months). A majority of children had presented with hemiparesis (93.8%). Risk factors were identified in 65.4% of cases. Moyamoya vasculopathy (28%), iron-deficiency anemia (24.4%), and trauma (12.2%) were the most common risk factors. The majority of infarcts were cortical (32.6%), followed by combined cortical and subcortical (30.6%), and isolated subcortical (26.5%). At follow-up, recurrent stroke (24.4%), residual epilepsy (24.4%), and motor disability requiring support for ambulation (6%) were noted. The mean general developmental score (GDS) was 71.2 ± 18.7. Global developmental delay in 46.9% and delayed social intelligence in 22.4% was noted. On subset analysis, children had physical (42.9%), cognitive (34.7%), communication (30.6%), adaptive-behavior (26.5%), and social–emotional (22.4%) delay. Predictors of good cognitive outcome were younger age at onset (OR 0.964, P = 0.006), isolated subcortical infarcts (OR 26.386, P = 0.028), and absence of seizures at presentation (OR 0.197, P = 0.044). Predictors of poor social quotient were seizures at onset (OR 0.049, P = 0.012) and recurrent stroke (OR 0.055, P = 0.012). Conclusion: Neurodevelopmental problems and epilepsy occur in a significant proportion of children with AIS in the long term. Good outcomes are predicted by the younger age of onset, subcortical infarcts, absence of seizures, and absence of recurrence of stroke.
{"title":"Long-term outcome in children with arterial ischemic stroke: A North Indian center-based study","authors":"J. Sahu, A. Mishra, A. Saini, P. Malhi, N. Sankhyan, N. Khandelwal, P. Singhi","doi":"10.4103/jpn.jpn_200_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpn.jpn_200_20","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To describe the long-term outcome in children with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) from a tertiary-care center. Materials and Methods: Prospective, observational study of children diagnosed with AIS between the ages of six months and 12 years and who completed two to five years of follow-up. Results: Forty-nine children (35 boys, 14 girls) were included. The mean age at onset of stroke was 35.6 ± 31.5 months (6–108 months). A majority of children had presented with hemiparesis (93.8%). Risk factors were identified in 65.4% of cases. Moyamoya vasculopathy (28%), iron-deficiency anemia (24.4%), and trauma (12.2%) were the most common risk factors. The majority of infarcts were cortical (32.6%), followed by combined cortical and subcortical (30.6%), and isolated subcortical (26.5%). At follow-up, recurrent stroke (24.4%), residual epilepsy (24.4%), and motor disability requiring support for ambulation (6%) were noted. The mean general developmental score (GDS) was 71.2 ± 18.7. Global developmental delay in 46.9% and delayed social intelligence in 22.4% was noted. On subset analysis, children had physical (42.9%), cognitive (34.7%), communication (30.6%), adaptive-behavior (26.5%), and social–emotional (22.4%) delay. Predictors of good cognitive outcome were younger age at onset (OR 0.964, P = 0.006), isolated subcortical infarcts (OR 26.386, P = 0.028), and absence of seizures at presentation (OR 0.197, P = 0.044). Predictors of poor social quotient were seizures at onset (OR 0.049, P = 0.012) and recurrent stroke (OR 0.055, P = 0.012). Conclusion: Neurodevelopmental problems and epilepsy occur in a significant proportion of children with AIS in the long term. Good outcomes are predicted by the younger age of onset, subcortical infarcts, absence of seizures, and absence of recurrence of stroke.","PeriodicalId":46746,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"54 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70818609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apinderpreet Singh, TejasviSingh Randhawa, K. Gupta, C. Ahuja, P. Salunke
Caniopharyngiomas pose significant surgical challenge because of their location and close proximity to major neurovascular structures. Early and delayed vascular complications associated with Craniopharyngioma and its surgery have been documented. Various mechanisms have been postulated for the origin of aneurysms in Craniopharyngioma. Though the surgery and minor injuries to the vessel wall might predispose the aneurysm formation, exact mechanism and relation is lacking. We report a case of a psedoaneurysm of the distal ACA AT A2`-A3 junction in a case of cystic Craniopharyngioma who presented with rupture, 2 weeks after primary surgery. Insight into the probable causes of aneurysm formation and its subsequent rupture and management have been described.
{"title":"Spontaneous or iatrogenic? Postoperative pseudo aneurysm in craniopharyngioma: Case report","authors":"Apinderpreet Singh, TejasviSingh Randhawa, K. Gupta, C. Ahuja, P. Salunke","doi":"10.4103/jpn.jpn_269_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpn.jpn_269_20","url":null,"abstract":"Caniopharyngiomas pose significant surgical challenge because of their location and close proximity to major neurovascular structures. Early and delayed vascular complications associated with Craniopharyngioma and its surgery have been documented. Various mechanisms have been postulated for the origin of aneurysms in Craniopharyngioma. Though the surgery and minor injuries to the vessel wall might predispose the aneurysm formation, exact mechanism and relation is lacking. We report a case of a psedoaneurysm of the distal ACA AT A2`-A3 junction in a case of cystic Craniopharyngioma who presented with rupture, 2 weeks after primary surgery. Insight into the probable causes of aneurysm formation and its subsequent rupture and management have been described.","PeriodicalId":46746,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"71 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70819032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Nadkarni, Joanna M. Roy, S. Balasubramaniam, P. Barve
{"title":"Clinical profile, evaluation of imaging guidelines, and management of pediatric traumatic brain injury at a tertiary care center in India: A review of 269 patients","authors":"T. Nadkarni, Joanna M. Roy, S. Balasubramaniam, P. Barve","doi":"10.4103/jpn.jpn_30_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpn.jpn_30_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46746,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70819449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Srivastava, Ekta Agrawal, M. Datar, S. Rajadhyaksha
{"title":"Psychosocial and emotional consequences in siblings of children with epilepsy","authors":"K. Srivastava, Ekta Agrawal, M. Datar, S. Rajadhyaksha","doi":"10.4103/jpn.jpn_140_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpn.jpn_140_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46746,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Neurosciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70817844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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