International Journal of Sexual Health最新文献

Objectives: Trust has been identified as a key factor associated with supporting access to sexual health interventions and digital healthcare. We aimed to explore and synthesize factors that may cultivate trust for young people (10-24-year-old) when accessing digital sexual healthcare.

Methods: A total of 5950 articles were extracted from 5 databases (Scopus, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and CINAHL) and independently assessed for relevance by two researchers. Trust descriptions were analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach, extracted tabularly and synthesized into themes through conceptual mapping.

Results: Thirteen papers between 2011 and 2021 from the United States (n = 5), Australia (n = 3), United Kingdom (n = 2), Canada (n = 2), and Netherlands (n = 1) were reviewed. Young people (n = 462), varying in gender identity and sexuality, were aged between 14 and 29 years old. Four areas cultivating trust in digital sexual healthcare were described: (1) Esthetics, language, tone: Trusted digital sexual healthcare was easy to navigate, had limited sexually explicit content or pop-up ads, was not overly teen-friendly and used a professional tone and language, reflecting communication reportedly expected from healthcare providers. (2) Privacy, anonymity, safety: Safety features that preserved young people's anonymity were important for their trust, particularly amid fear of shame or stigma. (3) Authors' expertise, authenticity, reputation: Personal accounts online which reflected the young person's own lived experience were trusted for topics considered subjective (e.g., dating and relationships). (4) Consistency: Cross-checking personal accounts and scientific information to confirm the consistency of content helped with young people's evaluation of trust.

Conclusions: Considering the factors cultivating trust when designing digital sexual health interventions may improve access and use. However, given the nuance in lived experience and needs, young people should be meaningfully engaged in the design of digital sexual health interventions. Particularly as sexual health intervention and resources are increasingly being delivered and accessed online by young people.

Objectives: To explore the relationship between experiences of stigma and sexual activity and sexual well-being among sober individuals.

Methods: Two-hundred and thirty-eight sexually active, sober adults reported on their sobriety length, experiences of sobriety stigma, sexual activity, and sexual well-being.

Results: Sobriety length was not related to either outcome. However, sobriety stigma was negatively related to sexual activity and sexual well-being.

Conclusion: Sobriety stigma has implications not only for relapse prevention, but also for sexual health and well-being interventions. Efforts to reduce stigma among sober individuals may lead to more successful sexual health and well-being promotion initiatives.

Objectives: Despite progress made in the medical field to address the health concerns of sexual and gender minoritized identities, LGBTQIA+ individuals continue to experience discrimination in healthcare. This study aims to evaluate the effects of incorporating a seminar on gender identity and sexual orientation into the medical curriculum of a Portuguese Medical School, after 5 years. The study's main objective was to compare the changes in students' knowledge, attitudes, comfort, and perception of discrimination against LGBTQIA+, pre and post-intervention.

Methods: A total of 313 students in their third, fourth, fifth, and sixth year at a Portuguese Medical School were assessed in 2018 (pre-intervention) and 2023 (post-intervention). The data collected were analyzed regarding age, gender identity, sexual orientation, number of friends or family members who identify themselves as LGBTQIA+, and level of religiosity.

Results: The overall knowledge regarding LGBTQIA+ people specific health aspects improved from the 2018 cohort to the 2023 cohort, with significant differences in questions regarding gender identity (OR = 2.0, p = .007), sexual orientation (OR = 2.9, p <.001), and mental health (OR = 3.2, p <.001). The perceived discrimination against homosexual patients was similar in both cohorts, with approximately 60% of respondents from both groups agreeing that homosexual patients were discriminated against in healthcare.

Conclusion: Although the perception of discrimination against LGBTQIA+ people in healthcare remained high across the two cohorts, positive changes were observed regarding students' overall knowledge of LGBTQIA+ individuals' health, clinical preparation and comfort in treating LGBTQIA+ people, and attitudes toward lesbian women and gay men. These results reinforce the need to develop training and information strategies targeting medical students, promoting greater knowledge and, above all, increasing contact and clinical practice with LGBTQIA+ people, since relationships and personal contact are the most differentiating aspects for nondiscrimination.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2024.2420048.].

Objectives: Sexual health is an essential aspect of overall health that affects an individual's physical, psychological, and social well-being. Understanding people's perceptions of sexual health is essential because it can impact their sexual health-related behaviors, namely, their interactions with health services, campaigns, information, and policies. Furthermore, these perceptions may have a systemic impact, as public health policies related to promoting sexual health can be influenced by social factors. Such perceptions may also influence individuals' sexual expression and interactions with sexual partners. Thus, an understanding of people's perceptions of sexual health can facilitate the appropriate seeking of sexual healthcare, inform professional interactions with patients and the community, and guide policymakers in the promotion of it.

Methods: A total of 151 people living in Portugal, aged 19 to 75, answered a cross-sectional online questionnaire with an open-ended question: "In your opinion, what is sexual health?". The data was analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results: We created four themes: (1) Let's get physical, physical, (2) I'm in charge!, (3) I am not alone in this, and (4) Sexual justice is a must!. Participants presented diverse and complex views of sexual health, considering that it includes physical and biological components, cognitive and behavioral aspects and relational factors, and it is framed by the social and political context.

Conclusions: This study emphasizes that defining and achieving sexual health goes beyond healthism and needs to be considered at multiple levels. It highlights the need for individual awareness and self knowledge, to recognize equity within relationships and the strive for social equality and sexual rights. The study also emphasizes the significance of considering and respecting sexual developmental when promoting positive attitudes toward sex in formal and informal settings, increasing education about sexual pleasure, accepting and celebrating sexual and gender diversity, recognizing consensual non-monogamous relationships, and the need for inclusivity within sexually tolerant societies. Viewing sexual health through a political lens may play a crucial role in reshaping societal norms, promoting sexual justice, and influencing policymakers to better address and support the sexual health needs of a population following their own perspectives and expressed needs.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of on-demand 20 mg tadalafil alone or combined with lidocaine spray for treating patients with comorbid erectile dysfunction (ED) and premature ejaculation (PE).

Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 98 patients with comorbid ED and PE, randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 50, tadalafil alone) or the active control group (n = 48, tadalafil combined with lidocaine spray). Patients took tadalafil 30 min before sexual intercourse, while the combination therapy group also used lidocaine spray 5 min before intercourse. After 12 weeks of treatment, changes in the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), Chinese Index of Premature Ejaculation (CIPE-5), Intravaginal Ejaculatory Latency Time (IELT), and Sexual Satisfaction Score (SSS) were evaluated.

Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in IIEF-5 scores, but the difference between groups was not significant (F = 0.89, p = 0.45). The active control group showed significant improvement in CIPE-5 scores (p < 0.001), while the experimental group showed no significant change (p > 0.05). IELT in the active control group increased significantly from 25.7 s to 198.6 s (Z = 6.03, p < 0.001), while the experimental group showed no significant change (Z = 0.74, p = 0.46). SSS improved significantly in the active control group (p < 0.001) but not in the experimental group (p > 0.05). The incidence of adverse events was similar in both groups (14% vs 20.8%, p = 0.575).

Conclusion: Tadalafil combined with lidocaine spray is superior to tadalafil alone in improving symptoms, prolonging IELT, and enhancing sexual satisfaction in patients with comorbid ED and PE, with comparable safety. This combination therapy provides a new approach for improving treatment strategies for patients with comorbid ED and PE. Large-scale, multi-center randomized controlled trials are needed to further validate these findings.

Objectives: Little is known about the attitudes toward female genitals of men who are attracted to women. This is an important omission because these attitudes may influence men's own sexual experiences; they may also influence the genital self-image of their female partners if these views are knowingly or unknowingly communicated. Therefore, we examined men's views of women's genitals both globally and with respect to specific aspects.

Method: Participants were 212 self-identified men who completed an online survey that included scales assessing the men's views of female genitals, perceptions of women's satisfaction with their own genitals, sexual experience, and genital feedback provided to female partners. All were attracted to and had sexual experience with women.

Results: On average the men's attitudes toward female genitals were moderately positive, although they ranged from negative to very positive. The men did not rate any of 24 listed specific female genital aspects as extremely important to them. The men believed that the majority of women feel positively about their own genitals. However, a comparison with published data collected from women revealed that men's estimates of the percentage of women who are satisfied with their genitals were lower than the percentage of women who actually report that they are satisfied with their genitals. This discrepancy was particularly large with respect to genital appearance. A path analysis revealed that men with more positive attitudes toward female genitals reported having more lifetime sexual partners and providing more frequent positive genital feedback and less frequent negative genital feedback to partners.

Conclusion: These results suggest that although men generally have moderately positive attitudes toward female genitals, there is considerable variability among men ranging from negative to very positive. The study also provided some evidence that men's views of female genitals may adversely affect both the men themselves and their female partners.

Objective: Research consistently documents disproportionately high rates of sexual assault among bisexual women, one of the fastest growing sexual minority demographic groups in the United States. This study seeks to better understand how bisexual women's position as both women and sexual minority people may heighten their risk for sexual assault.

Method: Using data from 165 bisexual women in the Chicago Health and Life Experience of Women (CHLEW) study, we examine associations between the gender and sexuality characteristics of self-identifying cisgender bisexual women and sexual assault.

Results: We found that the risk of experiencing sexual assault, including rape, is associated with past experiences of bi-stigma, earlier age of recognizing bisexual identity, gender discrimination, and a less masculine gender presentation.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that bisexual women are targeted in specific overlapping sexist, bi-phobic and stereotypical ways that may leave them particularly vulnerable to sexual assault. This study highlights the need for more research that investigates how bisexual women's high rates of sexual assault are shaped by oppressive systems and social forces related to their gender and sexuality.

Objective: Sexual health education is crucial for promoting healthy sexual behaviors among people of all ages. Interventions involving cartoons, comics, and animations have emerged as effective tools due to their engaging and accessible nature. This scoping review explores the effectiveness of these interventions across different time frames and age groups.

Methods: Using the PICOS framework and PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews, a review was conducted across 14 databases to include relevant studies published between 2000 and 31 May 2024.

Results: Analyzing 51 intervention studies meeting the inclusion/exclusion criteria revealed varied outcomes in interventions that highlight a significant shift in focus from developing educational tools and empowering youth in the earlier period (2000-2010) to implementing advanced technology-based cartoons, comics, and animations interventions and addressing diverse populations in the later period (2011-2024). The results of these studies were predominantly positive, with many reporting significant improvements in knowledge, behaviors, and engagement.

Conclusion: While many studies report positive outcomes, further investigation is needed into the long-term impact of digital-based cartoons, comics, and animation interventions on behavior change and health outcomes. Research should also explore the effectiveness of these tools in different cultural and socioeconomic contexts to ensure their broad applicability. Ongoing research and iterative development are warranted to ensure that these interventions continue to evolve and meet the changing needs of users in an increasingly digital world across diverse populations.

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapies adapted for sexual function concerns on women's sexual function, sexual distress, and depression levels. Methods: For this meta-analysis study, a review was conducted by screening studies published in the last 10 years on PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, and YÖK National Thesis Center databases from February to May 2024. After this initial review, 11 studies were included in this study. Considering the study design, quality assessment tools developed by JBI were used to evaluate the risk of bias. CMA version 2 was used for data synthesis. Data were synthesized using meta-analysis and narrative synthesis methods. Results: In this meta-analysis, mindfulness-based cognitive therapies were found to be effective in improving sexual function in women, and a high level of heterogeneity was detected among studies (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.461, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.163 to 0.760; Z = 3.027, p = .002, I² = 79.083). Additionally, it was also determined that mindfulness-based cognitive therapies were effective in reducing sexual distress in women (SMD = -0.352, 95% CI = -0.638 to -0.066; Z= -2.412, p = .016, I² = 78.377). Finally, mindfulness-based cognitive therapies were also determined to be effective in reducing symptoms of depression in women (SMD = -0.217, 95% CI = -0.420 to -0.015; Z= -2.101, p = .036, I² = 27.688). Conclusions: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapies were found to be effective in decreasing women's sexual dysfunction and reducing levels of sexual distress and depression.