Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is an uncommon clinical entity characterized by bilateral ischemic damage resulting in gangrene, typically occurring in the absence of large-vessel occlusion or vasculitis. This case report describes a 14-year-old Ethiopian girl who developed SPG of the lower limbs in the context of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. She initially presented with fever, vomiting, and diarrhea, and despite prompt initiation of antimalarial therapy, progressive darkening of both feet was observed. Clinical evaluation revealed stable vital signs, preserved organ function, and palpable peripheral pulses, supporting the diagnosis of severe malaria complicated by peripheral gangrene. Management was conservative, relying on continued antimalarial treatment. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and timely intervention in SPG, underscoring the need to address underlying etiologies to optimize patient outcomes.
{"title":"Symmetrical lower extremity gangrene in a patient with severe malaria: a case report and literature review","authors":"Sudi Temam Aman , Endrias Habte Belay , Tolasa Dibisa Jirata , Sherefudin Hassen Hussen , Siham Faris Isa , Abduletif Haji-Ababor Abagojam , Merid Lemma Kebede , Kidus Tesfaye Bezabih , Kedir Negesso Tukeni","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Symmetrical peripheral gangrene (SPG) is an uncommon clinical entity characterized by bilateral ischemic damage resulting in gangrene, typically occurring in the absence of large-vessel occlusion or vasculitis. This case report describes a 14-year-old Ethiopian girl who developed SPG of the lower limbs in the context of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. She initially presented with fever, vomiting, and diarrhea, and despite prompt initiation of antimalarial therapy, progressive darkening of both feet was observed. Clinical evaluation revealed stable vital signs, preserved organ function, and palpable peripheral pulses, supporting the diagnosis of severe malaria complicated by peripheral gangrene. Management was conservative, relying on continued antimalarial treatment. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and timely intervention in SPG, underscoring the need to address underlying etiologies to optimize patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article e02466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02478
Asteway M. Haile , Biruk T. Mengistie , Chernet T. Mengistie , Elezer B. Zewde , Addis H. Bekele , Bezawit M. Haile
Introduction
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) can unmask autoimmune disease after antiretroviral therapy (ART), and Graves’ disease has been reported as a late autoimmune manifestation, though pediatric cases are exceptionally rare.
Case presentation
A 9-year-old Ethiopian boy with vertically acquired HIV, diagnosed at age 6 during an acute illness, had presented at that time with profound immunosuppression (CD4 23 cells/mm³, HIV RNA ∼150,000 copies/mL) and was started on combination ART. He achieved sustained virologic suppression and marked immune recovery (CD4 >1800 cells/mm³). Thirty-three months after ART initiation he developed a six-month history of weight loss, palpitations, increased appetite, night sweats and progressive bilateral proptosis. Examination showed tachycardia, lid retraction, lid lag and a diffusely enlarged, soft, non-tender goitre. Laboratory testing revealed suppressed TSH and elevated free T4; thyroid ultrasound demonstrated a diffusely enlarged, hypervascular gland. Thyroid autoantibodies were not available. A clinical diagnosis of Graves’ disease in the context of IRIS was made.
Management and outcome
ART was continued. He was treated with carbimazole and propranolol with close endocrine and infectious-disease follow-up. Symptoms resolved, heart rate normalized and thyroid function tests returned to the euthyroid range, allowing down-titration of carbimazole to a maintenance dose.
Conclusion
This case illustrates that Graves’ hyperthyroidism may present as a late IRIS manifestation in children with profound immune recovery after ART. Early recognition, standard antithyroid therapy and continuation of ART can achieve good outcomes.
{"title":"Grave’s disease as a manifestation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in an HIV-infected child on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A case report","authors":"Asteway M. Haile , Biruk T. Mengistie , Chernet T. Mengistie , Elezer B. Zewde , Addis H. Bekele , Bezawit M. Haile","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2025.e02478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) can unmask autoimmune disease after antiretroviral therapy (ART), and Graves’ disease has been reported as a late autoimmune manifestation, though pediatric cases are exceptionally rare.</div></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><div>A 9-year-old Ethiopian boy with vertically acquired HIV, diagnosed at age 6 during an acute illness, had presented at that time with profound immunosuppression (CD4 23 cells/mm³, HIV RNA ∼150,000 copies/mL) and was started on combination ART. He achieved sustained virologic suppression and marked immune recovery (CD4 >1800 cells/mm³). Thirty-three months after ART initiation he developed a six-month history of weight loss, palpitations, increased appetite, night sweats and progressive bilateral proptosis. Examination showed tachycardia, lid retraction, lid lag and a diffusely enlarged, soft, non-tender goitre. Laboratory testing revealed suppressed TSH and elevated free T4; thyroid ultrasound demonstrated a diffusely enlarged, hypervascular gland. Thyroid autoantibodies were not available. A clinical diagnosis of Graves’ disease in the context of IRIS was made.</div></div><div><h3>Management and outcome</h3><div>ART was continued. He was treated with carbimazole and propranolol with close endocrine and infectious-disease follow-up. Symptoms resolved, heart rate normalized and thyroid function tests returned to the euthyroid range, allowing down-titration of carbimazole to a maintenance dose.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case illustrates that Graves’ hyperthyroidism may present as a late IRIS manifestation in children with profound immune recovery after ART. Early recognition, standard antithyroid therapy and continuation of ART can achieve good outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article e02478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02509
Mohammad Hamdi, Mohamad Namor, Yasser ALGhabra, Abdalhadi Alkhaled, Venus Hussain Ameen, Rami Audi
Nasal myiasis is an exceptionally rare parasitic infestation caused by dipteran fly larvae invading the nasal cavity, typically occurring in immunocompromised individuals or those with poor sanitation exposure. This report presents the first case of nasal myiasis following primary ocular involvement in an otherwise healthy immunocompetent Syrian woman, challenging the classical understanding of risk factors and pathogenesis. The patient initially presented with unilateral ocular symptoms including foreign body sensation and photophobia, with subsequent mechanical extraction of larvae. Ten days later she developed bilateral nasal symptoms including larval expulsion, nasal obstruction and hyposmia. CT scan demonstrated right maxillary sinus mucosal thickening with an irregular hyperdense lesion at its superolateral aspect. The patient underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery with povidone-iodine irrigation and oral ivermectin therapy, resulting in complete symptom resolution. This case demonstrates that even brief environmental exposures (sheep area exposure in this instance) can lead to sequential ocular-nasal infestation in immunocompetent hosts. The successful treatment with combined surgical and medical therapy provides valuable insights for managing similar cases where mechanical extraction alone may be insufficient. Clinicians should maintain high suspicion for myiasis in patients with characteristic symptoms regardless of immune status, particularly after animal exposure or rural activities. The case highlights the importance of preventive measures including protective eyewear and masks in high-risk environments, and demonstrates the effectiveness of combined surgical and pharmacological intervention in refractory cases.
{"title":"Consecutive ocular and nasal myiasis in an immunocompetent female: A case report","authors":"Mohammad Hamdi, Mohamad Namor, Yasser ALGhabra, Abdalhadi Alkhaled, Venus Hussain Ameen, Rami Audi","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nasal myiasis is an exceptionally rare parasitic infestation caused by dipteran fly larvae invading the nasal cavity, typically occurring in immunocompromised individuals or those with poor sanitation exposure. This report presents the first case of nasal myiasis following primary ocular involvement in an otherwise healthy immunocompetent Syrian woman, challenging the classical understanding of risk factors and pathogenesis. The patient initially presented with unilateral ocular symptoms including foreign body sensation and photophobia, with subsequent mechanical extraction of larvae. Ten days later she developed bilateral nasal symptoms including larval expulsion, nasal obstruction and hyposmia. CT scan demonstrated right maxillary sinus mucosal thickening with an irregular hyperdense lesion at its superolateral aspect. The patient underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery with povidone-iodine irrigation and oral ivermectin therapy, resulting in complete symptom resolution. This case demonstrates that even brief environmental exposures (sheep area exposure in this instance) can lead to sequential ocular-nasal infestation in immunocompetent hosts. The successful treatment with combined surgical and medical therapy provides valuable insights for managing similar cases where mechanical extraction alone may be insufficient. Clinicians should maintain high suspicion for myiasis in patients with characteristic symptoms regardless of immune status, particularly after animal exposure or rural activities. The case highlights the importance of preventive measures including protective eyewear and masks in high-risk environments, and demonstrates the effectiveness of combined surgical and pharmacological intervention in refractory cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article e02509"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02511
Marie Jumpertz , Coralie L’Ollivier , Estelle Menu
A 71-year-old retired man returning from Senegal was found to have multiple hepatorenal cysts associated with a colonic mass on CT. Initially misdiagnosed, stool and abscess puncture analyses revealed intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. On the other hand, genetic testing suggested hepatorenal polycystic disease, demonstrating the coexistence of these two pathologies.
{"title":"A challenging diagnosis: The overlap of hepatorenal polycystic disease and amebiasis","authors":"Marie Jumpertz , Coralie L’Ollivier , Estelle Menu","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 71-year-old retired man returning from Senegal was found to have multiple hepatorenal cysts associated with a colonic mass on CT. Initially misdiagnosed, stool and abscess puncture analyses revealed intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. On the other hand, genetic testing suggested hepatorenal polycystic disease, demonstrating the coexistence of these two pathologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article e02511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02512
Andres Chaponan-Lavalle , Cherie Quiroz Cortegana , Luis Ivan Gordillo Velasquez , Jaime Caceres Pizarro , Nelson Diaz , Jorge Alave
Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by Echinococcus granulosus, is a zoonotic disease with cardiac involvement reported in less than 2 % of cases but associated with significant clinical challenges. We describe a 44-year-old woman from Peru who presented with exertional chest pain and T-wave inversions on electrocardiography. Imaging revealed a large multiloculated cystic mass with peripheral calcifications in the left ventricular wall, and Western Blot serology confirmed CE. The patient underwent surgical excision under cardiopulmonary bypass, followed by albendazole therapy. Histopathology confirmed a non-viable hydatid cyst. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and she remained asymptomatic at 16-month follow-up. This case underscores the importance of considering cardiac hydatidosis in endemic regions when evaluating patients with angina-like symptoms in the presence of a cystic cardiac mass on imaging. Public awareness, improved medical education, and ongoing research are crucial to better managing this condition.
{"title":"Cardiac hydatidosis mimicking ischemic heart disease: A case report","authors":"Andres Chaponan-Lavalle , Cherie Quiroz Cortegana , Luis Ivan Gordillo Velasquez , Jaime Caceres Pizarro , Nelson Diaz , Jorge Alave","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by <em>Echinococcus granulosus</em>, is a zoonotic disease with cardiac involvement reported in less than 2 % of cases but associated with significant clinical challenges. We describe a 44-year-old woman from Peru who presented with exertional chest pain and T-wave inversions on electrocardiography. Imaging revealed a large multiloculated cystic mass with peripheral calcifications in the left ventricular wall, and Western Blot serology confirmed CE. The patient underwent surgical excision under cardiopulmonary bypass, followed by albendazole therapy. Histopathology confirmed a non-viable hydatid cyst. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and she remained asymptomatic at 16-month follow-up. This case underscores the importance of considering cardiac hydatidosis in endemic regions when evaluating patients with angina-like symptoms in the presence of a cystic cardiac mass on imaging. Public awareness, improved medical education, and ongoing research are crucial to better managing this condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article e02512"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146229040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02510
Lisa Ozcan , David Malorey , Lise Martin Perceval , Mona Leroux , Constance Bridonneau , Stéphane Corvec , Valentin Pineau , Cyril Flamant , Jean-Philippe Lavigne , Elise Launay
Introduction
Congenital brucellosis is a rare but serious transplacental infection.
Patients and methods
Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis, that has become extremely rare in France unlike many countries in the Mediterranean basin, where it remains endemic and is a cause of travel-related morbidity. We have reported the first case of neonatal brucellosis in France since 1990, involving a preterm infant born at 26 weeks with Brucella melitensis chorioamnionitis, due to mother-to-fetal transmission. A PubMed review (2000–2024) identified 13 additional neonatal cases.
Results
The mother had consumed unpasteurized cheese during early pregnancy in Spain. Maternal Blood cultures at delivery were positive for B. melitensis. The neonate remained asymptomatic until day 13, when blood culture -negative at birth- became positive. Despite delayed treatment, clinical respone was favorable. Since 2000, most cases have involved B. melitensis, presenting with respiratory distress, sepsis, or hepatomegaly. Infants were mainly treated with Rifampicin and TMP-SMX for six weeks, with overall favorable outcomes despite occasional severe or chronic cases.
Conclusion
This rare case highlights the need to consider brucellosis in maternal fever or unexplained neonatal sepsis, with travel and dietary history guiding early diagnosis.
{"title":"Congenital brucellosis in a preterm infant: A case report from France and literature review","authors":"Lisa Ozcan , David Malorey , Lise Martin Perceval , Mona Leroux , Constance Bridonneau , Stéphane Corvec , Valentin Pineau , Cyril Flamant , Jean-Philippe Lavigne , Elise Launay","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Congenital brucellosis is a rare but serious transplacental infection.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Brucellosis is a bacterial zoonosis, that has become extremely rare in France unlike many countries in the Mediterranean basin, where it remains endemic and is a cause of travel-related morbidity. We have reported the first case of neonatal brucellosis in France since 1990, involving a preterm infant born at 26 weeks with Brucella melitensis chorioamnionitis, due to mother-to-fetal transmission. A PubMed review (2000–2024) identified 13 additional neonatal cases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mother had consumed unpasteurized cheese during early pregnancy in Spain. Maternal Blood cultures at delivery were positive for <em>B. melitensis</em>. The neonate remained asymptomatic until day 13, when blood culture -negative at birth- became positive. Despite delayed treatment, clinical respone was favorable. Since 2000, most cases have involved <em>B. melitensis</em>, presenting with respiratory distress, sepsis, or hepatomegaly. Infants were mainly treated with Rifampicin and TMP-SMX for six weeks, with overall favorable outcomes despite occasional severe or chronic cases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This rare case highlights the need to consider brucellosis in maternal fever or unexplained neonatal sepsis, with travel and dietary history guiding early diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article e02510"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147277417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02519
Martha I. Alvarez-Olmos , Jose A. Suarez , Carolina Hernandez , Ruth Garcia-Redondo , Angie L. Ramirez , Luz H. Patiño , Juan D. Ramirez , Mauricio Sarta-Mantilla , Santiago Correa , Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi
Ascariasis remains a major parasitic infection in low-resource regions, with children at highest risk. We describe a rare and severe pediatric case from rural Colombia involving intestinal obstruction, peritonitis, cholecystitis, and encephalopathy. A recovered helminth underwent stereoscopic examination and molecular characterization through amplification of 18S-rRNA and COII genes, followed by long-read sequencing using Oxford Nanopore technology. Taxonomic analysis with Centrifuge and BLAST confirmed the specimen as Ascaris, showing high similarity to Ascaris suum, while COII phylogenetics clustered it with Ascaris lumbricoides. The sequence formed a monophyletic group with Ascaris suum, Ascaris lumbricoides, and Parascaris spp., suggesting potential hybridization or cryptic diversity within Ascaris. The child required surgical management, albendazole, and supportive care including ECMO, ultimately recovering without neurological sequelae. This case highlights the zoonotic potential and extremely rare neurological manifestations of Ascaris infection and demonstrates the diagnostic value and challenges of long-read sequencing in resolving complex taxonomic relationships.
{"title":"Disseminated ascariasis infection with encephalopathy: Molecular confirmation and phylogenetic insights","authors":"Martha I. Alvarez-Olmos , Jose A. Suarez , Carolina Hernandez , Ruth Garcia-Redondo , Angie L. Ramirez , Luz H. Patiño , Juan D. Ramirez , Mauricio Sarta-Mantilla , Santiago Correa , Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ascariasis remains a major parasitic infection in low-resource regions, with children at highest risk. We describe a rare and severe pediatric case from rural Colombia involving intestinal obstruction, peritonitis, cholecystitis, and encephalopathy. A recovered helminth underwent stereoscopic examination and molecular characterization through amplification of 18S-rRNA and COII genes, followed by long-read sequencing using Oxford Nanopore technology. Taxonomic analysis with Centrifuge and BLAST confirmed the specimen as Ascaris, showing high similarity to <em>Ascaris suum</em>, while COII phylogenetics clustered it with <em>Ascaris lumbricoides</em>. The sequence formed a monophyletic group with <em>Ascaris suum</em>, <em>Ascaris lumbricoides</em>, and <em>Parascaris</em> spp., suggesting potential hybridization or cryptic diversity within <em>Ascaris</em>. The child required surgical management, albendazole, and supportive care including ECMO, ultimately recovering without neurological sequelae. This case highlights the zoonotic potential and extremely rare neurological manifestations of <em>Ascaris</em> infection and demonstrates the diagnostic value and challenges of long-read sequencing in resolving complex taxonomic relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article e02519"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147356305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02518
Hani Hamad , Junais Koleri , Jabeed Parengal , Alaaeldin Abdulmajed , Mohamed Ali Ben Hadj Kacem , Manal Hamed , Peter Coyle , Muna Al Maslamani
Camelpox is a zoonotic viral infection caused by the Camelpox virus (CMLV), a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus. The disease is endemic in camel-rearing regions of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Human infection is rare and typically occurs following direct contact with infected camels or their lesions. We report the first documented case of human camelpox in Qatar. The diagnosis was established based on epidemiological linkage to infected camels, compatible clinical presentation, and confirmatory laboratory testing.
{"title":"First reported case of human Camelpox in Qatar: A case report","authors":"Hani Hamad , Junais Koleri , Jabeed Parengal , Alaaeldin Abdulmajed , Mohamed Ali Ben Hadj Kacem , Manal Hamed , Peter Coyle , Muna Al Maslamani","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Camelpox is a zoonotic viral infection caused by the <em>Camelpox virus</em> (CMLV), a member of the <em>Orthopoxvirus</em> genus. The disease is endemic in camel-rearing regions of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Human infection is rare and typically occurs following direct contact with infected camels or their lesions. We report the first documented case of human camelpox in Qatar. The diagnosis was established based on epidemiological linkage to infected camels, compatible clinical presentation, and confirmatory laboratory testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e02518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147417082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kodamaea ohmeri (formerly Pichia ohmeri) is a rare yeast-like fungus usually isolated from environmental sources such as insects and fruits, and human infections are uncommon. Since the first report in 1998, however, cases of bloodstream infection have been increasingly described, mainly in Asia. We report a case of K. ohmeri fungaemia associated with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). A man in his sixties with diabetes mellitus developed fever during hospitalisation while the PICC was in place. Yeast-like fungi were detected in blood cultures and identified as K. ohmeri by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Antifungal susceptibility testing showed susceptibility to micafungin and other echinocandins, and reduced susceptibility to fluconazole. Removal of the PICC and administration of micafungin led to resolution of clinical symptoms and negative blood cultures. A review of 52 published cases revealed a mortality rate of 30.8%, with about half associated with catheter use. As K. ohmeri is capable of biofilm formation, removal of the infection source appears crucial for favourable outcomes. This case represents successful treatment of a fluconazole low-susceptibility K. ohmeri fungaemia with micafungin, suggesting that this drug may be an effective therapeutic option.
{"title":"Successful treatment of a fluconazole low-susceptibility Kodamaea ohmeri bloodstream infection with micafungin: A case report and literature review","authors":"Shinobu Hirayama , Masakazu Sasaki , Hinako Murakami , Fumiya Komatsu , Aiko Matsumoto , Yuki Sato , Mariko Otani , Maki Sakamoto , Kazuhiro Tateda , Takahiro Matsumoto , Takashi Sugita","doi":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Kodamaea ohmeri</em> (formerly <em>Pichia ohmeri</em>) is a rare yeast-like fungus usually isolated from environmental sources such as insects and fruits, and human infections are uncommon. Since the first report in 1998, however, cases of bloodstream infection have been increasingly described, mainly in Asia. We report a case of <em>K. ohmeri</em> fungaemia associated with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). A man in his sixties with diabetes mellitus developed fever during hospitalisation while the PICC was in place. Yeast-like fungi were detected in blood cultures and identified as <em>K. ohmeri</em> by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Antifungal susceptibility testing showed susceptibility to micafungin and other echinocandins, and reduced susceptibility to fluconazole. Removal of the PICC and administration of micafungin led to resolution of clinical symptoms and negative blood cultures. A review of 52 published cases revealed a mortality rate of 30.8%, with about half associated with catheter use. As <em>K. ohmeri</em> is capable of biofilm formation, removal of the infection source appears crucial for favourable outcomes. This case represents successful treatment of a fluconazole low-susceptibility <em>K. ohmeri</em> fungaemia with micafungin, suggesting that this drug may be an effective therapeutic option.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47045,"journal":{"name":"IDCases","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e02544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147451680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2026.e02548
Poonam Patil, Babaji Ghewade, Ulhas Jadhav, Amit Toshniwal, Amisha Soni
In older women without traditional risk factors, Lady Windermere syndrome is a recognized phenotypic presentation of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pulmonary disease that is traditionally linked to Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection. It is characterized by a nodular-bronchiectatic pattern that usually affects the lingula and right middle lobe. Hemoptysis is a known sequence of NTM, severity of which may vary from minor episode to multiple, fatal. We present a case of a female treated case of tuberculosis and then presenting
with massive hemoptysis. Radiological assessment showed bronchiectasis and nodular infiltrates in the right middle lobe consistent with Lady Windermere syndrome. Sputum examination confirmed the growth of mycobacterium abcessus. Hemoptysis caused by this infective agent was massive and non-refractory to medical treatment. Bleeding from several feeder vessels was promptly controlled by an urgent bronchial artery embolization. Patient was started on targeted, evidence based treatment regimen for mycobacterium abcessus and had reserved lung functions, maintained sputum conversion and was symptomatically better at an 18- months follow-up. This case highlights the association of non-mycobacterium with hemoptysis severe enough to require bronchial artery embolization. For best results, it emphasizes on the necessity for a multidisciplinary strategy that combines the management of an infectious illness with radiological intervention.
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