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The lived experiences and temporality of estate regeneration 地产再生的生活体验与时代性
IF 3.5 2区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2023.2209932
J. Flint
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引用次数: 0
Housing and health: a time for action 住房和健康:行动的时候了
IF 3.5 2区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2023.2204650
E. Baker, R. Bentley
The connection between housing—its quality, or security or affordability— and the health and wellbeing of people is well evidenced, but often underrepresented in the day-to-day governance of our cities and regions. The reasons for this underestimation are, to some extent, understandable, because the ways in which housing affects health are multiple, highly individualised, and interrelated. As the papers in this Special Issue show, despite international agreement on the fundamental requirement of shelter to enable people to have productive and healthy lives, housing is not a simple lever that can be pulled to improve or protect people’s health. This collection of papers captures an important time in the evolution of housing research, a time when the role of housing was as far from providing simple shelter, as it has ever been. Though the special issue was planned well before the pandemic, these papers were written largely from home offices in lockdown—from kitchen tables, and temporary desks in bedrooms and shared spaces. Regardless of the nation they were written in, this background context infuses the whole collection with a powerful new take on the role of housing in people’s lives and their health. Housing is portrayed as a protector, a key source of harm and risk, a powerful but invisible buffer, a place of stability, and a generator of health inequalities. As we reflect on this collection of papers in 2023, house prices, renter rights and household aspirations are gradually returning to their pre-pandemic trajectories. But arguably, the way people and governments regard housing has been changed forever—largely for the better. Dweik and Woodhall-Melnik’s (2022) systematic review, looks across a large literature to identify robust evidence on the impact of publicly subsidised housing on mental health. They find, despite the apparent ubiquity of social housing’s role in protecting tenants’ health, that there is a surprising sparsity of robust evidence of impact. Further, that what evidence there is, is shown to be highly dependent on the specifics of the housing programme, assistance measure, and neighbourhood being assessed. The authors note the pressing need, especially in the context of the economic uncertainty of the COVID-19 pandemic, for policies that can improve the outcomes and experiences of economically marginalised populations, such as those housed in social and public housing. For this, new, directed work to provide rigorous evidence needs to occur. Gurney’s (2021), ‘Dangerous Liaisons’, uses a systematic literature mapping to provide us with a fresh consideration of the relationship between https://doi.org/10.1080/19491247.2023.2204650
住房——其质量、安全性或可负担性——与人们的健康和福祉之间的联系已得到充分证明,但在我们城市和地区的日常治理中往往没有得到充分体现。这种低估的原因在某种程度上是可以理解的,因为住房影响健康的方式是多种多样的,高度个性化的,相互关联的。正如本期特刊中的论文所显示的那样,尽管国际上就住房的基本要求达成了协议,使人们能够过上富有成效和健康的生活,但住房并不是一个可以拉动来改善或保护人们健康的简单杠杆。这组论文记录了住房研究发展的一个重要时期,在这个时期,住房的作用远不是提供简单的住所,就像以往一样。虽然这期特刊早在大流行之前就计划好了,但这些论文主要是在被封锁的家庭办公室里写的——从厨房的桌子、卧室的临时办公桌和共用空间。不管他们是在哪个国家写的,这个背景背景为整个系列注入了一种强有力的新视角,即住房在人们的生活和健康中所扮演的角色。住房被描绘成一个保护者,一个伤害和风险的主要来源,一个强大但无形的缓冲,一个稳定的地方,以及健康不平等的产生者。当我们在2023年回顾这一系列论文时,房价、租房权和家庭愿望正逐渐回到大流行前的轨迹。但可以说,人们和政府看待住房的方式已经永远改变了——很大程度上是向好的方向改变了。Dweik和Woodhall-Melnik(2022)的系统综述,查阅了大量文献,以确定公共补贴住房对心理健康影响的有力证据。他们发现,尽管社会住房在保护租户健康方面的作用明显无处不在,但其影响的有力证据却少得惊人。此外,有什么证据,被证明高度依赖于住房计划、援助措施和被评估社区的具体情况。作者指出,迫切需要制定能够改善经济边缘化人群(如住在社会住房和公共住房中的人群)的成果和经历的政策,特别是在COVID-19大流行带来的经济不确定性的背景下。为此,需要开展新的、有针对性的工作来提供严格的证据。Gurney(2021)的《危险的关系》(Dangerous Liaisons)使用了系统的文献映射,为我们提供了对https://doi.org/10.1080/19491247.2023.2204650之间关系的新思考
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引用次数: 1
Estate regeneration and its discontents: a response to reviewers 房地产再生及其不满:对评论家的回应
IF 3.5 2区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2023.2209935
P. Watt
Estate Regeneration and Its Discontents (Watt, 2021) emerged out of over a decade of research undertaken in the politically charged, often bewildering world of public/social housing regeneration in london. The book focusses upon estate regeneration schemes that began during the late 1990s to mid-2010s and which involved either partial or complete demolition of existing estates, and their replacement with mixed-tenure neighbourhoods including large numbers of market homes for sale or rent. The book outlines and explains the housing policy and urban policy contexts within which estate regeneration has taken place. However, the book’s central aim is to put residents’ voices centre-stage in terms of understanding how the lengthy regeneration process impacted upon them and their communities over the years and even decades that regeneration unfolded. The main themes that dominate the book occurred routinely at each estate that I researched: resident ambivalence regarding pre-regeneration estates (valuing many aspects of their homes and neighbourhoods, but seeing these same places devalued by factors such as landlord neglect and disinvestment); resident distrust of, and frustration with, the confusing and obfuscatory consultation process; displacement anxiety as residents worried over where and when they would be rehoused; and the morphing of regeneration into physical, social, psychosocial and symbolic ‘degeneration’, including a numbing sense that they were living in a never-ending limbo-land. The estates that I studied were also characterised by several residents actively campaigning against demolition, and such resistance is reflective of the multiple discontents that estate regeneration has given rise to in london. In twenty first century neoliberal academia where competitiveness and the mantra of ‘sorry, no time’ are increasingly the norm, it’s an increasingly https://doi.org/10.1080/19491247.2023.2209935
房地产再生及其不满(瓦特,2021年)是在伦敦公共/社会住房再生这个充满政治色彩、往往令人困惑的世界中进行的十多年研究的结果。这本书的重点是在20世纪90年代末至2010年代中期开始的房地产再生计划,该计划涉及部分或完全拆除现有的房地产,并将其替换为混合使用权社区,其中包括大量出售或出租的市场住房。本书概述并解释了房地产再生发生的住房政策和城市政策背景。然而,这本书的中心目标是把居民的声音放在中心位置,以理解漫长的重建过程如何在几年甚至几十年的时间里对他们和他们的社区产生影响。在我研究的每个地产项目中,主导这本书的主题经常出现:居民对重建前地产的矛盾心理(他们对自己的房屋和社区的许多方面都很重视,但却看到这些地方因房东的忽视和撤投资等因素而贬值);居民对混乱和模糊的咨询过程的不信任和沮丧;流离失所焦虑,居民们担心何时何地会被重新安置;重生的蜕变为身体、社会、心理和象征性的“退化”,包括一种麻木的感觉,即他们生活在一个永无止境的地狱里。我所研究的地产也有几个居民积极反对拆迁的特点,这种抵制反映了地产再生在伦敦引发的多重不满。在21世纪的新自由主义学术界,竞争和“对不起,没时间了”的咒语越来越成为常态,这越来越https://doi.org/10.1080/19491247.2023.2209935
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引用次数: 0
Structures of power and inequality 权力和不平等的结构
IF 3.5 2区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2023.2209934
K. Jacobs
In this thoughtful and scholarly book, Paul Watt offers an account of London’s local authority housing policies that is informed mainly by the experiences of council tenants who have been subjected to ‘regeneration’ policies over the period 2007–2019. This period is significant as it included the aftermath of the global financial crisis when local authorities in London struggled to manage government-imposed austerity spending cuts and deliver essential services in housing, education, and aged care. Estate Regeneration and its Discontents consists of three parts: policy analysis and the research context, which critiques longstanding sociological interpretations and the history of regeneration; estates before regeneration which considers the significance of place for residents; and living through regeneration, where Watt explores the views of tenants during the implementation and aftermath of interventions. Watt is in favour of estate regeneration to address the years of under-investment, but he argues that it needs to maintain or increase the public housing stock and preserve neighbourhood sociality. So, for Watt, though the ostensible rationale for estate-based regeneration was to improve the quality of the residualised housing, it also included an architectural design component the estates were deemed not to meet environmental standards and were poorly integrated into the neighbourhood (p. 80). In practice, what eventuated in London was deeply problematic as many of the regeneration interventions were undermined by privatisation policies, austerity spending cuts and restrictive allocation policies. And yet, as Watt explains, when compared to the private rental market, public housing is valued by many tenants, as it is secure and of better quality. As he explains, public housing provided ‘genuinely affordable and secure homes for over a century to an unusual extent by the standards of most major Western cities’ (p. 4). And in the early 1980s almost one in three of all London’s households − 770,000 − lived in public housing. Yet by 2016, the number of households in public housing was only 444,000. In my review I consider Watt’s analysis under three headings: structures of power and inequality; tenant and activist perceptions; and critical research.
在这本深思熟虑的学术著作中,保罗·瓦特(Paul Watt)介绍了伦敦地方当局的住房政策,这些政策主要是根据2007年至2019年期间遭受“再生”政策影响的市政租户的经历而制定的。这一时期意义重大,因为它包括全球金融危机的后果,当时伦敦地方当局努力管理政府实施的紧缩开支削减,并在住房、教育和老年护理方面提供基本服务。《房地产再生及其不满》由三个部分组成:政策分析和研究背景,对长期以来的社会学解释和再生历史进行了批判;重建前的屋苑,考虑地方对居民的重要性;以及通过再生来生活,在这里,瓦特探索了租户在干预实施和后果期间的观点。瓦特赞成通过房地产再生来解决多年来投资不足的问题,但他认为,这需要维持或增加公共住房存量,并保护邻里社会。因此,对瓦特来说,尽管基于地产的再生表面上的理由是提高剩余住房的质量,但它也包括建筑设计部分,这些地产被认为不符合环境标准,与社区的融合很差(第80页)。在实践中,伦敦最终的结果存在严重问题,因为许多重建干预措施受到私有化政策、紧缩支出削减和限制性分配政策的破坏。然而,正如瓦特解释的那样,与私人租赁市场相比,公共住房受到许多租户的重视,因为它更安全,质量更好。正如他所解释的那样,公共住房在一个多世纪以来提供了“真正负担得起的、安全的住房,以大多数主要西方城市的标准来看,这是非同寻常的”(第4页)。在20世纪80年代初,几乎三分之一的伦敦家庭——77万——住在公共住房里。然而,到2016年,公共住房的家庭数量仅为44.4万户。在我的评论中,我将瓦特的分析分为三个标题:权力和不平等的结构;租户和激进分子的看法;批判性研究。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing the impact of funding cuts to local housing services on drug and alcohol related mortality: a longitudinal study using area-level data in England 评估削减地方住房服务资金对毒品和酒精相关死亡率的影响:一项使用英格兰地区数据的纵向研究
IF 3.5 2区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2021.2002660
A. Alexiou, K. Mason, K. Fahy, D. Taylor-Robinson, B. Barr
Abstract Since 2010 there have been large reductions in funding for local government services in England. This has led to reduced income to fund services, such as housing services, that potentially promote health. Housing services expenditure includes spending on housing advice services, homelessness relief and provision of temporary accommodation. During the same period there has been an increase in homelessness and drug related mortality. We carried out an ecological study by linking data on housing services expenditure to deaths from drug and alcohol abuse by local authority in England between 2013 and 2018, to assess whether those areas that experienced a greater decline in spending, also experienced more adverse trends in mortality rates. Our results demonstrate that spending cuts were associated with increased mortality rates due to drug misuse, however, we found no strong evidence of an association with alcohol-specific mortality. This study suggests that reduced fiscal support alongside the introduction of policies that changed how funds are distributed between areas may in part explain the recent adverse trends in drug-related mortality. Since housing expenditure decreased more in the most deprived areas of England compared to less deprived areas, such spending cuts may have contributed to the widening of health inequalities. KEYWORDS Housing services; spending; drug; alcohol; mortality
自2010年以来,英格兰地方政府服务的资金大幅减少。这导致用于资助可能促进健康的服务(如住房服务)的收入减少。房屋服务开支包括房屋谘询服务、救济无家可归者及提供临时住所的开支。在同一时期,无家可归和与毒品有关的死亡率有所增加。我们进行了一项生态研究,将2013年至2018年间英格兰地方当局的住房服务支出数据与吸毒和酗酒导致的死亡联系起来,以评估支出下降幅度较大的地区是否也经历了更多的死亡率不利趋势。我们的研究结果表明,削减开支与药物滥用导致的死亡率上升有关,然而,我们没有发现与酒精特异性死亡率有关的有力证据。这项研究表明,财政支持的减少以及政策的引入改变了资金在地区之间的分配方式,可能在一定程度上解释了最近与毒品有关的死亡率的不利趋势。由于英格兰最贫困地区的住房支出下降幅度大于贫困程度较低的地区,这种支出削减可能加剧了保健不平等的扩大。关键词住房服务;支出;药物;酒精;死亡率
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引用次数: 9
Dissembling and displacing: the legacy of estate regeneration 掩饰与置换:地产再生的遗产
IF 3.5 2区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2023.2209933
E. Goetz
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引用次数: 0
Housing of persons with disabilities: what can be learned from the introduction of more demand-driven subsidies in Flanders? 残疾人住房:可以从法兰德斯采用更多的需求驱动补贴中学到什么?
IF 3.5 2区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2023.2182622
S. Winters, K. van den Broeck
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引用次数: 0
Moving up the social ladder: homeownership and expected socioeconomic status among migrant young adults in China 向上攀登社会阶梯:中国流动青年的住房所有权和预期社会经济地位
IF 3.5 2区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-09 DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2023.2178819
Yinxin Su, Mingzhi Hu, Xiaofen Yu
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引用次数: 0
Continuity and change: wartime housing politics in Ukraine 连续性与变化:乌克兰战时住房政治
IF 3.5 2区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-03-05 DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2022.2153983
Galyna Sukhomud, Vita Shnaider
Abstract The article analyses the war-imbued housing crisis in Ukraine and emergency response to it in the first four months of the full scale Russian invasion as embedded in the wider context of Ukrainian housing politics. As in other countries of Central and Eastern Europe after 1989/91, the Ukrainian housing sphere has been shaped by mass giveaway privatisation, which created a super homeownership regime that is characterised by high expectations towards the state in the support of homeownership. Despite the mass destruction of the war and scale of the displacement, housing politics continues to be shaped by institutional inertia and attempts to resolve the current housing crisis with existing instruments and the support of homeownership. Such an ad-hoc policy approach leaves displaced households without coherent assistance in finding shelter. Only rather sporadic and insufficient options provided by communities at local level and international aid organisations are available. However, while lacking institutional and policy adjustment in the first months of war, the Ukrainian housing sector is changing. Growing importance of renting in the tenure structure and the pressing need to shelter those who lost access to homeownership as a result of war call for the development of a new, more comprehensive, housing strategy.
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引用次数: 0
Inter-sectoral policy partnerships: a case study of South Western Sydney’s Health and Housing Partnership 部门间政策伙伴关系:西南悉尼卫生和住房伙伴关系案例研究
IF 3.5 2区 经济学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.1080/19491247.2022.2147352
Karla Jaques, F. Haigh, Siggi Zapart, M. Beer, Genene Peisley, C. Calalang, M. Thornell, S. Conaty, P. Harris
Abstract The evidence linking human health and housing is overwhelming. However, less focus has been on collaborative action between the sectors to improve health. Focussing on social housing adds an important equity lens to the housing and health partnership literature. Since 2009, a unique formal partnership between a State Health Service, State Social Housing Organisation and a research organisation has existed. The partnership aims to realise potential benefits of integrating health considerations into asset and social planning within the housing sector and to empower residents to lead on outcomes they identify for the community and themselves individually. The partnership has a shared vision of working together to improve the health and wellbeing of social housing communities in one of Australia’s most disadvantaged regions. This paper presents an analysis of over a decade of the partnership work. We present the history of the partnership, overview outcomes to date, and describe key mechanisms and contextual factors that have enabled action. We present our findings using two frameworks, one a practice focussed partnership toolkit and the other a theory informed approach to health focussed governance. Both frameworks enable us to present findings linking the practical successes and challenges of this partnership work with deeper insights from theory.
将人类健康和住房联系起来的证据是压倒性的。然而,对各部门之间为改善健康而采取的合作行动关注较少。关注社会住房为住房和卫生伙伴关系文献增加了一个重要的公平视角。自2009年以来,国家卫生服务机构、国家社会住房组织和一个研究组织之间建立了独特的正式伙伴关系。该伙伴关系旨在实现将健康考虑因素纳入住房部门的资产和社会规划的潜在效益,并使居民能够领导他们为社区和自己确定的成果。该伙伴关系有一个共同的愿景,即共同努力改善澳大利亚最弱势地区之一的社会住房社区的健康和福祉。本文对十多年来的伙伴关系工作进行了分析。我们介绍了伙伴关系的历史,概述了迄今为止的成果,并描述了促成行动的关键机制和背景因素。我们使用两个框架提出了我们的研究结果,一个是侧重于实践的伙伴关系工具包,另一个是侧重于健康治理的理论知情方法。这两个框架使我们能够将这一伙伴关系工作的实际成功和挑战与更深入的理论见解联系起来。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
International Journal of Housing Policy
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