International Journal of Palliative Nursing最新文献

Aim: This scoping review will map out the evidence for palliative care delivery models in hospitals and the challenges of their application in practice from 2012 to 2022. A list of the predetermined MeSH terms will be used to search electronic databases for the relevant literature in English or Persian.

Method: The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's guideline will be used to qualitatively appraise the identified reports and to assess their scientific rigour. Information about the introduced models will be summarised in extraction sheets and a narrative synthesis of the retrieved data will be performed and tabulated for benchmarking analysis. The findings will be applicable for evidence-informed policy-making in health systems and in response to palliative care unmet needs. The study results could also be accommodated in decision-making processes for the adoption of an integrated PalC model to achieve enhanced organisational performance in clinical settings.

Background: Burial and funeral practices are important customary mortuary rituals, especially in rural areas as people are likely to have different values and interests than people who live in larger cities. However, little is known about rural post-death practices in Canada.

Aims: This review gathered information on funeral and burial practices in rural Alberta, a western Canadian province with a diverse rural population.

Methods: A literature review of community print sources, including obituaries and funeral home websites, was conducted for select representative rural communities.

Findings: This review found that cremations outnumber burials, and mortuary ceremonies more commonly occur in non-religious settings. Furthermore, personalised post-death rituals were identified as highly significant to rural people as they allow the dead to remain connected to their rural land, family and community.

Conclusion: It is important to understand rural mortuary rituals to help prepare dying rural people and their families.

Background: Public perceptions of palliative care (PC) are crucial to enhance access to PC services and foster a sense of control over health decisions for people at the end of life.

Purpose: To assess public knowledge of PC in Jordan.

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design with a stratified self-administered sample of 430 Jordanian citizens from all sectors in Jordan was used. Participants filled out the Palliative Care Knowledge Scale questionnaire. Data were analysed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Statistics; descriptive, t-test, analysis of variance and regression test.

Results: The mean score on the 13-item Palliative Care Knowledge Scale was 3.51±4.71 (out of 13). This indicates a low level of knowledge about PC among participants; 78.6% (n=338) of the participants had not heard about PC. Participants who worked in health fields, had post-graduate degrees and a high income showed higher awareness of PC than others in the study. Most participants learnt about PC from family members.

Conclusion: There is a lack of knowledge of palliative care in Jordanian public society. There is a crucial need to raise public awareness, and implement educational interventions to improve public awareness about palliative care.

Background: To explore how Jordanian nurses participate in the end-of-life (EoL) decision-making process.

Methods: Interviews with 10 patients and family caregivers, and focus group discussions with seven healthcare professionals (HCPs), were conducted. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed following inductive thematic analysis.

Findings: The participants agreed that nurses are not fully engaged and did not have a direct role in the EoL decision-making process. However, the participants highlighted that 'nurses bridge the gaps in the decision-making process', where nurses act as mediators to facilitate the decision-making process. Lastly, nurses were viewed as 'nurturers and supporters during the journey of the patient's illness'; they were always available to answer their questions, offer help and advise when necessary during palliative referral and throughout the illness.

Conclusions: Although nurses did not directly participate in EoL decisions, they have several vital contributions that need to be rearranged into structured decisional coaching.

Background: The role of perceived social support (the individual's perception that family, friends and others are available as psychological, social and material support) and its moderating effect on the psychological and physical factors among patients suffering medical problems is still debated.

Aim: To explore the effect of perceived social support on the relationship between psychological and health-related factors on the severity of physical symptoms among patients with cancer.

Methods: A descriptive-correlational, cross-sectional design was used to recruit 459 patients with cancer from three major hospitals in Jordan. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire.

Results: Social support was significantly correlated to the severity of physical symptoms (p>.05) among patients with cancer, while psychological distress, sadness, disturbed body image and anxiety were not (p<.05). The multiple hierarchal regression model showed that social support has no significant moderation effect on the relationship between psychological and health-related factors and the severity of physical symptoms controlling for sociodemographic factors among patients with cancer.

Conclusion: Patients with cancer suffering physical and psychological disturbances do not benefit from social support as a way of controlling the severity of their symptoms. Palliative nurses need to tailor a social support intervention to their patients with cancer, in order to use both professional and family resources.

Background: A comprehensive assessment of patients' problems and needs is essential for all patients with chronic diseases, including cancer.

Aim: This study assesses the problems, unmet needs and requirement for palliative care (PC) among patients with cancer.

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed using a valid self-reported questionnaire.

Results: On average, 62% of patients had problems that were unresolved. The need for patients to have more information about their health was identified (75.1%), followed by financial problems because of the illness and ability to afford healthcare (72.9%), and psychological issues, such as depression, anxiety and stress (67.1%). Patients stated that their spiritual needs were not being met (78.8%), and that they were experiencing psychological distress and problems with daily living that needed to be addressed through PC (78%, 75.1%, respectively). A chi-square test revealed that all problems are significantly associated with the need for PC (P<.001).

Conclusion: Patients needed more assistance in psychological, spiritual, financial and physical domains, and this can be provided by palliative care. Palliative care in low-income countries is a human right for patients with cancer.

Background: Cancer has a large impact on the life of the diagnosed person and also their caregivers, who are typically family members. The impact of cancer on a Muslim woman and her caregivers has not been well researched because of cultural and social constraits.

Aims: The aim of this study was to explorel the experiences of Muslim women with gynaecological cancers and their family caregivers.

Methods: A descriptive phenomenological approach was adopted. A convenience sample was used in the research.

Findings: The study findings were grouped into four major themes: the initial reaction to a cancer diagnosis from women and their caregivers, difficulties the patient and caregiver experienced (physiological, psychological, social and sexual), coping with cancer and expectations that caregivers and patients have of the institution and the health personnel. It was determined that during this disease and treatment, both the patients and caregivers faced difficulties, which can be categorised as physiological, psychological, social and sexual. Muslim women with gynaecological cancer frequently used coping behaviours, such as worshiping and believing that illness and healing come from God during the illness process.

Conclusions: Patients and their family caregivers lived through various difficulties. Healthcare professionals need to consider the expectations of patients with gynecological cancer, alongside those of their family caregivers. Nurses can help Muslim patients and their families cope with the problems they experience by being aware of the positive coping methods of Muslim cancer patients and their caregivers. Nurses should consider individuals' religious beliefs and cultural differences while giving care.

Background: Many children with cancer are hospitalised before the end of life and need special care. To improve the delivery of care for children, it is necessary to understand the insights, emotions and feelings of nurses.

Aim: This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of nurses providing end-of-life care for children with cancer.

Methods: A phenomenological hermeneutic approach was used to analyse the experience of 14 oncology nurses working in a children's hospital who were caring for children with cancer.

Findings: Three themes and seven subthemes emerged from the analysis. The three main themes were: pain management (relieving physical pain and reducing the mental pain of the child and family); respect-based care (for the values and beliefs of the child and family and honesty in providing information to them); and negative reflections of care (psychological trauma, cultural challenges and futile care).

Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that, despite the problems experienced by the nurses, they were still trying to provide life-sustaining care for children with cancer.