Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-52-61
Mikhail A. Ilyushin, Sergey M. Putis, Dmitry V. Fadeev, Andrey S. Mazur, Sergey A. Dushenok, Irina V. Shugalei, Georgy G. Savenkov
The review describes examples of increasing the susceptibility of photosensitive energy-saturated metal complexes to the effects of coherent laser radiation when nanocarbon materials are introduced into samples. Possible mechanisms of the synergistic effect of the influence of nanocarbon additives on the ignition thresholds of the complexes are proposed
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF ALLOTROPIC NANOSIZED FORMS OF CARBON ON THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ENERGETIC METAL COMPLEXES TO COHERENT LASER RADIATION","authors":"Mikhail A. Ilyushin, Sergey M. Putis, Dmitry V. Fadeev, Andrey S. Mazur, Sergey A. Dushenok, Irina V. Shugalei, Georgy G. Savenkov","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-52-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-52-61","url":null,"abstract":"The review describes examples of increasing the susceptibility of photosensitive energy-saturated metal complexes to the effects of coherent laser radiation when nanocarbon materials are introduced into samples. Possible mechanisms of the synergistic effect of the influence of nanocarbon additives on the ignition thresholds of the complexes are proposed","PeriodicalId":475802,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiâ Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologičeskogo instituta (tehničeskogo universiteta)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135263866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-35-40
Ilya A. Yakimenko, Bogdan A. Sidorov, Mikhail A. Afonin
Distribution coefficients and separation factors of rare earth elements (REE) were determined during extraction with an extractant based on Cyanex 272 and P507 in a diluent of 15% isooctanol in isopar L. Aqueous solutions of medium-heavy lanthanide chlorides were studied at their concentration in a solution of 0.05-0.9 g/dm3. A series of experiments were carried out with the concentration of the extractant in a diluent of 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.%. Based on the data obtained, extraction isotherms were constructed, as well as graphical dependences of the distribution coefficients and separation factors
{"title":"EXTRACTION OF MEDIUM-HEAVY REE GROUP WITH AN EXTRACTANT BASED ON CYANEX 272 AND P507","authors":"Ilya A. Yakimenko, Bogdan A. Sidorov, Mikhail A. Afonin","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-35-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-35-40","url":null,"abstract":"Distribution coefficients and separation factors of rare earth elements (REE) were determined during extraction with an extractant based on Cyanex 272 and P507 in a diluent of 15% isooctanol in isopar L. Aqueous solutions of medium-heavy lanthanide chlorides were studied at their concentration in a solution of 0.05-0.9 g/dm3. A series of experiments were carried out with the concentration of the extractant in a diluent of 10, 20, 30 and 40 wt.%. Based on the data obtained, extraction isotherms were constructed, as well as graphical dependences of the distribution coefficients and separation factors","PeriodicalId":475802,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiâ Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologičeskogo instituta (tehničeskogo universiteta)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135263871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-79-83
Rigel Antonio Olvera Bernal, Roman O. Olekhnovich, Mayya V. Uspenskaya
The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of different acetic acid concentration used in the chitosan/PVA solutions, had on the electroactive response of fibers. Chitosan/PVA fibers were obtained by electrospinning process. The diameters of the electrospun fibers increased as the concentration of acetic acid was higher in solutions. The electroactive properties of the fibers were tested on an electrochemical cell at different pH. The proportion of free amino present of the obtained fibers was determined by deconvoluting the FTIR spectra. Fibers obtained from chitosan/PVA solutions with 10 % of acetic acid had an average diameter of 465 nm, while fiber obtained from solution with 80% acetic acid had an average diameter of 987 nm. The proportion of free amino observed from the deconvolution results was proportionally to the electroactive properties of the material. Fibers obtained from solution containing 30% acetic acid exhibited the fastest speed displacement (2.05 mm s-1), from the deconvolution of its spectra was observed that the proportion of free amino (8.71%) was the highest from all samples
研究了壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇溶液中不同醋酸浓度对纤维电活性响应的影响。采用静电纺丝法制备壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇纤维。溶液中醋酸浓度越高，静电纺丝纤维的直径越大。在电化学电池上测试了纤维在不同ph值下的电活性。通过对FTIR光谱进行反卷积来确定纤维中游离氨基的比例。当乙酸浓度为10%时，壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇溶液得到的纤维平均直径为465 nm，当乙酸浓度为80%时，得到的纤维平均直径为987 nm。从反褶积结果中观察到的游离氨基的比例与材料的电活性性质成正比。在含30%乙酸溶液中得到的纤维位移速度最快(2.05 mm s-1)，对其光谱进行反褶积，游离氨基酸的比例最高(8.71%)
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF POLYMER SOLUTION PROPERTIES ON THE ELECTROACTIVE BEHAVIOR OF NONWOVEN MATERIALS","authors":"Rigel Antonio Olvera Bernal, Roman O. Olekhnovich, Mayya V. Uspenskaya","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-79-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-79-83","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of different acetic acid concentration used in the chitosan/PVA solutions, had on the electroactive response of fibers. Chitosan/PVA fibers were obtained by electrospinning process. The diameters of the electrospun fibers increased as the concentration of acetic acid was higher in solutions. The electroactive properties of the fibers were tested on an electrochemical cell at different pH. The proportion of free amino present of the obtained fibers was determined by deconvoluting the FTIR spectra. Fibers obtained from chitosan/PVA solutions with 10 % of acetic acid had an average diameter of 465 nm, while fiber obtained from solution with 80% acetic acid had an average diameter of 987 nm. The proportion of free amino observed from the deconvolution results was proportionally to the electroactive properties of the material. Fibers obtained from solution containing 30% acetic acid exhibited the fastest speed displacement (2.05 mm s-1), from the deconvolution of its spectra was observed that the proportion of free amino (8.71%) was the highest from all samples","PeriodicalId":475802,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiâ Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologičeskogo instituta (tehničeskogo universiteta)","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135317445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-73-78
Konstantin S. Polotnyanshchikov, Gleb V. Vaganov, Almaz M. Kamalov, Elena M. Ivankova, Aleksey G. Ivanov, Elena N. Popova, Lyudmila A. Myagkova, Valentin M. Svetlichnyi, Vladimir E. Yudin
Foaming prepolymer compositions based on 4,4'-diphenyloxytetracarboxylic acid dianhydride ethyl ester, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine and surfactant are synthesized. The structure of the synthesized compounds is confirmed by the IR spectroscopy; the data of scanning electron microscopy of samples of the formed foam materials are presented. The influence of the components of the foaming composition (surfactant and aliphatic diamine) on the structure, thermal and mechanical properties of the resulting polyimide foams is traced. The possibility of controlling the pore sizes in the foam material by selecting different fractions (250-400 μm) of particles of a powdered foam composition for heat treatment has been shown. The resulting foams have high thermal stability (the onset of weight loss is observed in the range of 470-499 °C); their density varies from 7.57 to 16.60 kg/m3; Young's modulus in compression is in a range of 200-270 kPa, stress at fracture lies within the range from 6.47 to 17.77 kPa
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF THE CHEMISTRY OF THE FOAMING COMPOSITION ON THERMAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE FORMING POLYIMIDE FOAM","authors":"Konstantin S. Polotnyanshchikov, Gleb V. Vaganov, Almaz M. Kamalov, Elena M. Ivankova, Aleksey G. Ivanov, Elena N. Popova, Lyudmila A. Myagkova, Valentin M. Svetlichnyi, Vladimir E. Yudin","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-73-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-73-78","url":null,"abstract":"Foaming prepolymer compositions based on 4,4'-diphenyloxytetracarboxylic acid dianhydride ethyl ester, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine and surfactant are synthesized. The structure of the synthesized compounds is confirmed by the IR spectroscopy; the data of scanning electron microscopy of samples of the formed foam materials are presented. The influence of the components of the foaming composition (surfactant and aliphatic diamine) on the structure, thermal and mechanical properties of the resulting polyimide foams is traced. The possibility of controlling the pore sizes in the foam material by selecting different fractions (250-400 μm) of particles of a powdered foam composition for heat treatment has been shown. The resulting foams have high thermal stability (the onset of weight loss is observed in the range of 470-499 °C); their density varies from 7.57 to 16.60 kg/m3; Young's modulus in compression is in a range of 200-270 kPa, stress at fracture lies within the range from 6.47 to 17.77 kPa","PeriodicalId":475802,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiâ Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologičeskogo instituta (tehničeskogo universiteta)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135263622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-31-34
Valery Yu. Dolmatov, Aleksander N. Ozerin, Alexander P. Voznyakovsky, Alexey A. Voznyakovsky, Natalya M. Lapchuk, Alexander I. Shames, Alexander I. Panich
The article analyzes the infrared spectra (IR spectra) of detonation nanodiamonds (DND) obtained from various explosives: from an alloy of TNT and RDX; tetryl; tetryl with RDX and a ternary mixture: a mixture of TNT, RDX and tetryl. The resulting DNDs were treated: with aqueous ammonia at 220 °C at 40 atm, in a gaseous medium (air and argon) at 430 °C. It was shown that high-temperature treatment of various DNDs leads to an identical result: all nanodiamond samples, regardless of the initial explosive and the nature of the modification, have strong absorption bands of nitrogen impurity centers (826, ~1100, 1255, 1328, 1558 cm –1). In addition, all samples have pronounced absorption bands of adsorbed water (1625–1637 cm–1), carbonyl group (1742–1790 cm–1), stretching vibrations of the Csp3–H group (2853–2958 cm–1), and stretching vibrations of the OH group (3330 – 3397 cm–1).
本文分析了从不同炸药中获得的爆轰纳米金刚石(DND)的红外光谱(IR光谱):TNT和RDX的合金;特屈儿;四基与RDX和三元混合物:TNT、RDX和四基的混合物。得到的dnd经过处理:在40 atm下220°C的氨水中，在430°C的气体介质(空气和氩气)中。结果表明，对不同的纳米金刚石进行高温处理的结果是一致的:无论初始炸药和改性性质如何，所有的纳米金刚石样品都有很强的氮杂质中心吸收带(826、~1100、1255、1328、1558 cm -1)。此外，所有样品都有明显的吸附水(1625-1637 cm-1)、羰基(1742-1790 cm-1)、Csp3-H基团(2853-2958 cm-1)和OH基团(3330 - 3397 cm-1)的拉伸振动带。
{"title":"INFRARED SPECTROMETRY OF MODIFIED DETONATION NANODIAMONDS","authors":"Valery Yu. Dolmatov, Aleksander N. Ozerin, Alexander P. Voznyakovsky, Alexey A. Voznyakovsky, Natalya M. Lapchuk, Alexander I. Shames, Alexander I. Panich","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-31-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-31-34","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the infrared spectra (IR spectra) of detonation nanodiamonds (DND) obtained from various explosives: from an alloy of TNT and RDX; tetryl; tetryl with RDX and a ternary mixture: a mixture of TNT, RDX and tetryl. The resulting DNDs were treated: with aqueous ammonia at 220 °C at 40 atm, in a gaseous medium (air and argon) at 430 °C. It was shown that high-temperature treatment of various DNDs leads to an identical result: all nanodiamond samples, regardless of the initial explosive and the nature of the modification, have strong absorption bands of nitrogen impurity centers (826, ~1100, 1255, 1328, 1558 cm –1). In addition, all samples have pronounced absorption bands of adsorbed water (1625–1637 cm–1), carbonyl group (1742–1790 cm–1), stretching vibrations of the Csp3–H group (2853–2958 cm–1), and stretching vibrations of the OH group (3330 – 3397 cm–1).","PeriodicalId":475802,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiâ Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologičeskogo instituta (tehničeskogo universiteta)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135448332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-11-16
Maksim A. Okunev, Iurii V. Stulov, Anton R. Dubrovskii, Ol'ga V. Makarova, Sergei A. Kuznetsov
A rotor coated by niobium is used for creating a cryogenic gyroscope. It is necessary to protect the coating from interaction with the environment (oxygen) that to extend the service life of the device. The protective coatings must have high dielectric characteristics, which can be achieved by electrochemical oxidation of niobium. The goal of this study is to determine optimal conditions for synthesis of nanoscale films of niobium pentoxide. Oxidation of niobium was carried out using an AUTOLAB PGSTAT 20 potentiostat with the GPES software package (version 4.4) at a temperature of 573 K using galvano- and potentiostatic electrolysis modes. The NaNO3-KNO3 (46 wt.% NaNO3, 54 wt.% KNO3) eutectic melt and 1% H3PO4 solution were used as electrolytes. A molybdenum rod served as the cathode, and a rolled niobium plate served as the anode. X-ray phase analysis was carried out on a DRON-2.0 diffractometer with Cu-Kα radiation. To study the microstructure, a Thixomet image analysis system was used, including an Observer.D1m optical microscope from Carl Zeiss with a video camera. The thickness and optical roughness of the films were measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry. It has been established that the oxide films obtained in the NaNO3-KNO3 eutectic melt with a galvanostatic mode were inhomogeneous and had many defects. The films obtained in a 1% H3PO4 solution with utilization the same mode had uncoated round areas according to the data of metallographic studies. Dense and defect-free films were obtained using the potentiostatic mode of electrolysis in 1% H3PO4 solution at a potential of 30 V and exposition time 120 min. The electrical insulating properties of niobium pentoxide films were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It has been determined that the optimal mode of niobium oxidation is the potentiostatic mode of electrolysis at a potential of 90 V relatively to the molybdenum cathode.
{"title":"SYNTHESIS OF NANOSIZED NIOBIUM PENTOXIDE FILMS FOR CREATING A CRYOGENIC GYROSCOPE ROTOR","authors":"Maksim A. Okunev, Iurii V. Stulov, Anton R. Dubrovskii, Ol'ga V. Makarova, Sergei A. Kuznetsov","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-11-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-11-16","url":null,"abstract":"A rotor coated by niobium is used for creating a cryogenic gyroscope. It is necessary to protect the coating from interaction with the environment (oxygen) that to extend the service life of the device. The protective coatings must have high dielectric characteristics, which can be achieved by electrochemical oxidation of niobium. The goal of this study is to determine optimal conditions for synthesis of nanoscale films of niobium pentoxide. Oxidation of niobium was carried out using an AUTOLAB PGSTAT 20 potentiostat with the GPES software package (version 4.4) at a temperature of 573 K using galvano- and potentiostatic electrolysis modes. The NaNO3-KNO3 (46 wt.% NaNO3, 54 wt.% KNO3) eutectic melt and 1% H3PO4 solution were used as electrolytes. A molybdenum rod served as the cathode, and a rolled niobium plate served as the anode. X-ray phase analysis was carried out on a DRON-2.0 diffractometer with Cu-Kα radiation. To study the microstructure, a Thixomet image analysis system was used, including an Observer.D1m optical microscope from Carl Zeiss with a video camera. The thickness and optical roughness of the films were measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry. It has been established that the oxide films obtained in the NaNO3-KNO3 eutectic melt with a galvanostatic mode were inhomogeneous and had many defects. The films obtained in a 1% H3PO4 solution with utilization the same mode had uncoated round areas according to the data of metallographic studies. Dense and defect-free films were obtained using the potentiostatic mode of electrolysis in 1% H3PO4 solution at a potential of 30 V and exposition time 120 min. The electrical insulating properties of niobium pentoxide films were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It has been determined that the optimal mode of niobium oxidation is the potentiostatic mode of electrolysis at a potential of 90 V relatively to the molybdenum cathode.","PeriodicalId":475802,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiâ Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologičeskogo instituta (tehničeskogo universiteta)","volume":"368 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135448363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-62-66
Irina A. Krasovitskaya, Margarita V. Matyuhova, Anastasiia A. Butenko, Sof'ia V. Kholodaeva, Natalia V. Kotova
The paper presents the results of studies on the selection of parameters for the sorption-chromatographic isolation of cocarboxylase (thiamine diphosphate) from a mixture of thiamine esters method development. The use of sulfonic cation exchanger KU-2-20 with the solution flow rate 0.2 ml/min during the release of thiamine triphosphate and 1.5 ml/min during the release of thiamine diphosphate is shown to be promising.
{"title":"SORPTION-CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION OF THIAMINE PHOSPHORIC ESTERS ON SORBENTS OF VARIOUS STRUCTURES","authors":"Irina A. Krasovitskaya, Margarita V. Matyuhova, Anastasiia A. Butenko, Sof'ia V. Kholodaeva, Natalia V. Kotova","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-62-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-62-66","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of studies on the selection of parameters for the sorption-chromatographic isolation of cocarboxylase (thiamine diphosphate) from a mixture of thiamine esters method development. The use of sulfonic cation exchanger KU-2-20 with the solution flow rate 0.2 ml/min during the release of thiamine triphosphate and 1.5 ml/min during the release of thiamine diphosphate is shown to be promising.","PeriodicalId":475802,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiâ Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologičeskogo instituta (tehničeskogo universiteta)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135263868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-41-51
Sergey V. Dronov, Sergey V. Strokin, Olga.V. Leonova
Soft steam reforming (SSR) of hydrocarbons to produce methane can be used to process associated petroleum gas and condensate stabilization gas into 90% methane. The article provides a review of scientific and technical literature devoted to various aspects of the SSR technology development: reactor design, process modes and general technological design, catalysts and mathematical modeling. Catalysts and process modes to provide 100 % conversion of raw materials are determined. A review of ways to inhibit coke formation by promoting metal oxides and optimizing of size of nickel metal centers is carried out. Mathematical models for accurate calculation of the SSR process with two- and three-stage kinetic scheme are described. The problems of conducting the process in an industrial reactor are characterized. Directions of improvement of the SSR technology in order to implement it at hydrocarbon fields are proposed
{"title":"ANALYSIS OF PERSPECTIVES OF SOFT STEAM REFORMING APPLICATION IN OIL AND GAS CONDENSATE FIELDS","authors":"Sergey V. Dronov, Sergey V. Strokin, Olga.V. Leonova","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-41-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-41-51","url":null,"abstract":"Soft steam reforming (SSR) of hydrocarbons to produce methane can be used to process associated petroleum gas and condensate stabilization gas into 90% methane. The article provides a review of scientific and technical literature devoted to various aspects of the SSR technology development: reactor design, process modes and general technological design, catalysts and mathematical modeling. Catalysts and process modes to provide 100 % conversion of raw materials are determined. A review of ways to inhibit coke formation by promoting metal oxides and optimizing of size of nickel metal centers is carried out. Mathematical models for accurate calculation of the SSR process with two- and three-stage kinetic scheme are described. The problems of conducting the process in an industrial reactor are characterized. Directions of improvement of the SSR technology in order to implement it at hydrocarbon fields are proposed","PeriodicalId":475802,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiâ Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologičeskogo instituta (tehničeskogo universiteta)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135313888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-92-96
Olga V. Gilevskaya, Andrey V. Markov
Chemical reactor temperature conditions to provide liquid-liquid processes in fixed bed are examined. It is shown that equally to the distributiveness model the mathematical description of such type processes may be created with the help of the mean volues, i.e. integral mean temperature and average conversion. Isoprene polymerization process in buik as an example there are considered different chemical reactor temperature conditions: cold carrier fixed value regime, stepwise cold carrier regime, stepwise cold carrier with acceleration regime and at last the cold carrier temperature alteration in reactor cascade – on the first stage using a reactor with mixing rabble, on the second stage using the fixed bed reactor, or some of that.
{"title":"CHEMICAL REACTOR TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS TO PROVIDE LIQUID-PHASE PROCESSES IN BED","authors":"Olga V. Gilevskaya, Andrey V. Markov","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-92-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-92-96","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical reactor temperature conditions to provide liquid-liquid processes in fixed bed are examined. It is shown that equally to the distributiveness model the mathematical description of such type processes may be created with the help of the mean volues, i.e. integral mean temperature and average conversion. Isoprene polymerization process in buik as an example there are considered different chemical reactor temperature conditions: cold carrier fixed value regime, stepwise cold carrier regime, stepwise cold carrier with acceleration regime and at last the cold carrier temperature alteration in reactor cascade – on the first stage using a reactor with mixing rabble, on the second stage using the fixed bed reactor, or some of that.","PeriodicalId":475802,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiâ Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologičeskogo instituta (tehničeskogo universiteta)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135261850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-17-22
Anzhelika M. Eremeeva, Artem F. Khasanov, Natalya K. Kondrasheva
The issue of improving the quality and finding alternative resources in the fuel sector leads to the use of environmentally friendly materials with improved characteristics. The article presents a calculation method, the purpose of which is to determine the engine-optimal composition of environmentally friendly mixed diesel fuel with improved ecological characteristics consisting of three main components: hydrotreated diesel fuel, biodiesel obtained by transesterification and biodiesel obtained by hydrotreating of vegetable oils. During the work, the individual characteristics of the components were determined. Those characteristics are required to be in compliance with the requirements for diesel fuels (density, viscosity, lubricating properties, sulfur content, cetane number). The qualitative and quantitative composition was investigated by chromatographymass spectrometry method. Classes of hydrocarbons and their specific representatives in each of the components were determined. Using the results of the previous stages, the calculation of the optimal composition of the components was performed using the Ansys Reaction Workbench software. The algorithm for entering the necessary initial data for working with the program, utility-aided calculation of the coefficients of dependencies of individual and thermodynamic properties of substances used in calculations were considered, thereby complementing the basic library of chemical compounds for Ansys Surrogate Blend Optimizer. As a result, a group composition for hydrocarbons was obtained that meets the requirements of the standards for further calculation of the optimal component composition. The usage of mixed diesel fuel that meets GOST R 52368-2005 "EURO diesel fuel Specifications" will not only improve the performance characteristics required in modern diesel vehicles, but also meet the standards of environmental parameters when using it. The appliance of mathematical models for calculating the optimal composition of fuels makes it possible to predict the properties of mixed compositions without experimental determination of the properties and without spending additional resources.
提高燃料部门的质量和寻找替代资源的问题导致使用具有改进特性的环境友好材料。本文提出了一种计算方法，其目的是确定由加氢柴油、酯交换制得的生物柴油和植物油加氢处理制得的生物柴油三种主要成分组成的环保型混合柴油的发动机最佳组成。在工作过程中，确定了各组分的个别特性。这些特性要求符合柴油燃料的要求(密度、粘度、润滑性能、硫含量、十六烷值)。采用色谱-质谱法对其成分进行定性和定量分析。确定了每种组分中碳氢化合物的种类及其具体代表。根据前几步的计算结果，利用Ansys Reaction Workbench软件对各组分的最佳组成进行计算。考虑了输入程序所需初始数据的算法，计算中使用的单个依赖系数的实用辅助计算以及物质的热力学性质，从而补充了Ansys代理混合优化器的基本化合物库。结果，得到了符合标准要求的烃类基团组成，可进一步计算最佳组分组成。使用符合GOST R 52368-2005《欧盟柴油燃料规范》的混合柴油，不仅可以提高现代柴油车所要求的性能特性，而且在使用时也符合环境参数标准。应用数学模型计算燃料的最佳组成，可以在不需要实验确定性质和不花费额外资源的情况下预测混合成分的性质。
{"title":"TECHNOLOGIES OF ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY MATERIALS: DETERMINATION OF THE OPTIMAL COMPOSITION OF MIXED DIESEL FUEL","authors":"Anzhelika M. Eremeeva, Artem F. Khasanov, Natalya K. Kondrasheva","doi":"10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-17-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2023-66-92-17-22","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of improving the quality and finding alternative resources in the fuel sector leads to the use of environmentally friendly materials with improved characteristics. The article presents a calculation method, the purpose of which is to determine the engine-optimal composition of environmentally friendly mixed diesel fuel with improved ecological characteristics consisting of three main components: hydrotreated diesel fuel, biodiesel obtained by transesterification and biodiesel obtained by hydrotreating of vegetable oils. During the work, the individual characteristics of the components were determined. Those characteristics are required to be in compliance with the requirements for diesel fuels (density, viscosity, lubricating properties, sulfur content, cetane number). The qualitative and quantitative composition was investigated by chromatographymass spectrometry method. Classes of hydrocarbons and their specific representatives in each of the components were determined. Using the results of the previous stages, the calculation of the optimal composition of the components was performed using the Ansys Reaction Workbench software. The algorithm for entering the necessary initial data for working with the program, utility-aided calculation of the coefficients of dependencies of individual and thermodynamic properties of substances used in calculations were considered, thereby complementing the basic library of chemical compounds for Ansys Surrogate Blend Optimizer. As a result, a group composition for hydrocarbons was obtained that meets the requirements of the standards for further calculation of the optimal component composition. The usage of mixed diesel fuel that meets GOST R 52368-2005 \"EURO diesel fuel Specifications\" will not only improve the performance characteristics required in modern diesel vehicles, but also meet the standards of environmental parameters when using it. The appliance of mathematical models for calculating the optimal composition of fuels makes it possible to predict the properties of mixed compositions without experimental determination of the properties and without spending additional resources.","PeriodicalId":475802,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiâ Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnologičeskogo instituta (tehničeskogo universiteta)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135448365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：